RU164U1 - Powder spraying device - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for spraying powder materials, containing a source, a heater of compressed air and a spray of a powder-air mixture, characterized in that the outlet of the heater is connected to the inlet of the spray gun through a flexible sleeve, and a powder fluidization hopper is connected to the spray gun housing having a channel with an air flow regulator , the cavity of which communicates with the channel through the first hole to which the perforated pipe is connected, and through the second hole with the flow control of the powder-air mixture, to the exit where the supersonic nozzle and the booster barrel are made. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the powder-air mixture regulator is provided with replaceable supersonic nozzles and dorazgon trunks.

Description

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to the head i 93-040825 / 05

Material spraying device

The proposed utility model is drawn to the field of protection of metals from harmful environmental effects, especially because of the lack of protective coatings and, in particular, the technique of spraying powders of low-melting metals and alloys.

Known devices for spraying powder materials onto the surface of parts, incorporating devices for electrifying particles of sprayed materials, an air flow source and a device for heating it (ed. Certificate. USSR Ш I 523 279, МЖ В23К 9/18). These devices are used for spraying non-metallic powders that can be electrified in an electric field, but are not applicable for spraying metal powders, since they cannot give them high kinetic energy. Metal spraying devices are known, containing gas-flame burners of various designs for heating sprayed materials and giving them high kinetic energy. : (ed. SVD. USSR I L 127 637, WM B05V 7/20) The disadvantage of these devices is that they create favorable conditions for the oxidation of particles of sprayed materials by gas flame products, which negatively affects the quality, coatings, and their high flammability.

Known devices for the deposition of metallic materials, containing devices for creating a plasma (electric arc), by which the sprayed material is melted, and

devices creating a gas stream for spraying molten metal (ed. certificate of the USSR No. I 484 376, MF V05V 7/22). These devices have the same drawbacks as gas-flame spraying devices.

Known devices comprising a camera. detonation of gaseous or solid explosives, devices for introducing sprayed and explosive materials into this chamber and a barrel for dispersing sprayed materials (PCT patent No. 90/07385.. IPC. B05B 7/20).

These devices, having the ability to spray heavy-duty metals and alloys, have ate the disadvantages of gas-sprayed spraying devices. In addition, they are characterized by high noise emission and explosion hazard.

Known devices containing, in addition to gas or plasma devices for heating and melting the sprayed material, an additional laser emitter focused in the core of the flame or plasma (application Germany No. 3 942 050,

IPC B05V 7/16) :. .. : ::

These devices, increasing the possibility of melting the sprayed materials, have the same drawbacks as gas-plasma, plasma, detonation - the ability to oxidize particles of the sprayed material and high explosive and flammability.

The closest to the inventive device in terms of its technical nature and type of energy carrier used (compressed air) is the device with which the Method of high-speed spraying of an anti-corrosion aluminum coating is implemented (S.I. Kondratyuk, V.A. Konstantinovsky, V.V. Chicherev, journal Welding production i I 6, 1992, p. 15).

As follows from the description of this method, the device for its implementation will contain a source of air up to 2 MPa of air, a heater of compressed air (up to 200 degrees C) and a spray, and known devices for spraying powder materials can be used as a spray, since the use of a compressed source 2 MPa of air does not cause special difficulties in creating a supersonic jet. Compared to gas-heating, plasma, detonation devices, this device has a simplicity of design and explosion safety due to the fact that no combustible (explosive) substances are used. However, the use of a source of a hundredth to 2 MPa airflow for operation of the device is a significant drawback, since in order to create safe operating conditions an increase in strength and, consequently, the mass of all fittings operating in the device under high pressure is required, and non-compliance with this requirement creates dangerous Operating conditions. In addition, special compressors are required to create pressure / 2MPa.

Utility model © is aimed at creating a mobile device operating from an industrial (factory) network of compressed air with a pressure of about 0.6 MPa, which significantly increases the safety of operation of the device, eliminates the need for special compressors, ensuring high-quality coating of surfaces with powder materials from low-melting metals , for example, aluminum, zinc, and alloys. This solves the problem of creating a design that allows you to turn a low-pressure jet of compressed air into a supersonic one, capable of giving the particles of the sprayed powder kinetic energy sufficient for molecular adherence to the surface being treated,

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The essence of the utility model is that in a device containing a source of fresh air, a compressed air heater and a powder-air mixture sprayer, the heater output is connected to the sprayer inlet through a flexible sleeve, and a pseudo-hopper is connected to the sprayer body with a channel with an air flow regulator powder, the cavity of which communicates with the channel through the first hole to which the perforated tube is attached, and through the second hole with the flow control of the powder-air mixture, n the output of which formed a supersonic nozzle and barrel doravgona. In addition, the output of the powder-air mixture regulator is equipped with interchangeable supersonic nozzles and dorazgon trunks.

On Fig, I presents a General diagram of the device.

In FIG. 2 shows a section of a spray.

The Soderm device is a compressed air heater I, made in the form of a tank with an internal electric heater installed, the output of which is through a flexible sleeve 2 (metal can be used |) indicating 1-20-280-3.0 or its modifications according to OST 103712-74) connected to the inlet of the atomizer 3 of the powder-air mixture (PVA). . The air defense sprayer 3 consists of a housing 4, to the lower part of which a metal powder fluidization chamber 5 is attached 6, inside which a perforated tube 7 is installed, the lower end of which is plugged, and the upper through the opening 8 in the housing 4 communicates with the central channel 9, into which needle regulator 10 air flow. The cavity of the fluidization chamber 5 communicates with the central channel 9 and through hole II in the housing 4, the passage through which is regulated by the needle of the regulator 12 of the PVA flow rate. At the exit of the central channel 9 of the housing 4, a supersonic nozzle 13 is installed, to the slice of which a barrel 14 for the overdrive of particles of the sprayed powder is connected. To ensure the possibility of spraying powders of various metals or alloys, the supersonic nozzle 13 and the dorazgon barrel 14 are interchangeable, with different critical nozzle sections and various corresponding critical sections, nozzle cut diameters and through-hole barrel sections. The device operates as follows. Low-pressure compressed air is supplied to the inlet of heater I, in which it acquires the set temperature, and through a flexible sleeve 2 it enters the air defense atomizer 3. From the central channel 9 of the housing 4, part of the heated air stream enters through the hole 8 and the perforated tube 7 into the cavity. The pseudooxidation chamber 5 is filled with metal powder 6, where it is heated and sparged, as a result of which a pseudo-gaseous medium is formed, which is ejected through hole II into the central channel 9, where it mixes with the main air stream. The resulting suspension, passing through the critical flow of the supersonic nozzle 13, is accelerated. At the same time, air acquires supersonic speed at the nozzle exit, and particles of metal powder do not keep pace with the air flow. Then the two passes through the barrel 14, where the powder particles reach speeds close to the speed of the air flow transporting them, as a result of which they acquire kinetic energy sufficient to ensure their adhesion at the molecular level to the treated surface. After the regulators set 12 preset air flow and AL modes, the operator, holding the sprayer on the required application technology

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coating distance from the surface to be treated, produces coating,

Using an experimental sample, claimed as a utility model, an aluminum powder was sprayed onto steel samples under the following conditions:

-pressure of compressed air at the heater inlet 0.6 MPa;

- air temperature at the inlet of the sprayer 200 ° С;

- compressed air consumption3.5 MVivMH;

-fractional composition of the powder 60-100 mSh.

Investigations of microsections of transverse sections of steel samples with an aluminum layer sprayed using an experimental setup showed the presence of diffusion processes with aluminum penetration to a depth of about 100 μM, which confirms the possibility of the device. Coated steel samples obtained using a device declared as a utility model, vibration tests and accelerated tests at elevated relative humidity of the air and its temperature of delamination, swelling, peeling and other coating disturbances were not observed.

One of the important advantages of the device over the known ones is the possibility of its operation from low-pressure, safe and affordable sources of compressed air, in particular, and, which is especially important: an industrial network with a pressure of 0.6 MPa.

Another advantage is the absence of explosive and fire hazardous sources of activation of particles of the sprayed powder, which makes the device quite safe to work, -l / 33

allows you to easily manipulate the spray gun manually, organize the automated movement of the spray gun according to a given law, install the spray gun on a coordinate-moving device,

Compiled- ::::: -O.E. Pozdnyakov

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Claims (2)

1. A device for spraying powder materials, containing a source, a heater of compressed air and a spray of a powder-air mixture, characterized in that the outlet of the heater is connected to the inlet of the spray gun through a flexible sleeve, and a powder fluidization hopper is connected to the spray gun housing having a channel with an air flow regulator , the cavity of which communicates with the channel through the first hole to which the perforated pipe is connected, and through the second hole with the flow control of the powder-air mixture, to the exit e which made a supersonic nozzle and a dorazgon barrel. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the regulator output of the powder-air mixture is equipped with replaceable supersonic nozzles and booms.