RU161600U1 - SPRAYER OF GRANULATED MINERAL FERTILIZERS - Google Patents

Abstract

Granular mineral fertilizer spreader mounted on a vehicle frame containing a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, two scattering discs with vanes, a conveyor that feeds fertilizer from the hopper to the discs, and slide gates installed in the rear of the hopper with a servo-drive, and in all wheels low-pressure tires are installed, characterized in that the vehicle is equipped with a manipulator and a knife located on the top of the hopper, as well as a fertilizer dispenser with a servo Odom, operatively associated with the electronic control system.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, namely, to technological equipment designed for fertilizing various agricultural crops. Known spreader of granular mineral fertilizers mounted on a vehicle frame, containing a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, a scattering disk with blades, located on the drive shaft in the lower part of the hopper, and a receiving chamber with gate openings and dampers providing granulated fertilizer from the hopper ( see, for example, the description of the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention 2197807, CL A01C 3/06, A01C 17/00, publ. 02/10/2003).

Known spreader of granular mineral fertilizers mounted on a vehicle frame, containing a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, a scattering disk with blades placed on the drive shaft, a baking powder of mineral fertilizers, which is mounted on the drive shaft of the scattering disk with the possibility of synchronous rotation and installed with a technological gap above the scattering disc, and a receiving chamber with slider openings and dampers providing granular fertilizer supply h of the hopper, is equipped with a power circuit covering the conical hopper in the middle part, while the power circuit is rigidly mounted to the vehicle frame and is made in the form of a spatial support frame, the scattering disk is made in the form of a stainless steel plate, the gate valves are equipped with a means for controlling the level of their opening and the drive shaft of the plate and baking powder of mineral fertilizers is flexible and placed in a protective housing with the possibility of rotation from the power take-off shaft (see the description of patent No. 120840, IPC АСС 17/00, Publ. 10/10/2012)

Known spreader of granular mineral fertilizers mounted on the frame of the vehicle, containing a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, two scattering discs with blades, a conveyor feeding fertilizer from the hopper to discs and gate valves installed in the rear of the hopper and controlled by hydraulic cylinders or an electric actuator, characterized in that the vehicle is made with steered front and rear wheels, in which the transmission of torque from the engine inside The lower combustion to the wheels was carried out through the gearbox, the transfer case to the middle and rear hypoid gearboxes, while all the wheels are made with double wishbones and air bags, four rear wheels contain individual planetary gears, and four front wheels are equipped with disc-type brakes, the conical hopper is closed removable cover, and also contains a conveyor located below the hopper, two scattering discs made of stainless steel with vanes, rotating in opposite directions, located ie below the conveyor, the conveyor drive and motion rotation actuator is mechanical, consisting of a cardan chain and gears, or hydraulic, a driver's cab equipped with GPS or GLONASS navigation system, all the wheels are installed low-pressure tires. see description to patent No. 141387, IPC АСС 17/00, publ. 06/10/2014, the prototype).

Common disadvantages of the known technical solutions with the claimed utility model are that the cost of loading the spreader is quite high since during the shift, the presence of a loading and unloading device with an operator is required. In addition, the lack of control and management of the rate of application of mineral fertilizers in accordance with the content of nutrients in the soil and the needs of plants leads to their non-optimal consumption, due to the constant dose of application throughout the field.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to reduce costs and ensure control and management of the rate of application of mineral fertilizers based on electronic maps of field acidity and to carry out differentiated fertilizer application in accordance with the nutrient content in the soil and plant needs, while ensuring the saving of mineral fertilizers as compared to the constant application dose throughout the field.

Thus, the technical result is to increase the performance of the spreader of granular mineral fertilizers, the quality and efficiency of the spreading.

The technical result is achieved in that a granular mineral fertilizer spreader mounted on a vehicle frame, comprising a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, two scattering discs with vanes, a conveyor feeding fertilizer from the hopper to the discs and sliding shutters installed in the rear of the hopper and controlled hydraulic cylinders or an electric actuator, and low pressure tires are installed on all wheels, according to a utility model, the vehicle is equipped with a manipulator rum and a knife located on the upper part of the hopper, as well as a fertilizer dispenser functionally connected to the electronic control unit.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the proposed spreader, where:

1 - frame;

2- - cabin;

3 - - hopper;

4 - a gear knife;

5 - a disk with blades;

6 - slide gate valve with servos;

7 - manipulator;

8 - control panel of the manipulator;

9 - - oil tank.

The proposed spreader for processing field crops consists of a frame 1, on which a driver’s cabin 2 is installed in front, designed to accommodate the operator, machine controls and control devices, a hopper 3, on the top of which a gear knife 4 is placed. For feeding fertilizers into the zone spreading used disk 5 with blades. Fertilizer is dosed with slide gate valves 6 with servos. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with a manipulator 7 with a control panel 8 and a hydraulic system with an oil tank 9 for driving the feed conveyor and spreader plates, as well as for controlling the position of the gate valve 6.

The operation of the proposed device is as follows.

A spreader of granular mineral fertilizers drives up to the edge of the field, where there are Big-Back bags with mineral fertilizers. Using the manipulator 7 raises the bag over the hopper 3. The presence of a gear knife 4 on the upper part of the hopper 3 allows the spreader operator to independently cut the Big Back bag. The spreader operator, holding the Big Back bag on the top of the hopper 3 and moving along the toothed knife 4, cuts it in the lower part, as a result of which fertilizer spills into the hopper. The computer, on the basis of electronic maps of the acidity of the field, sets the necessary opening of the slide gates 6 for the required rate of fertilizer application. Next, the operator sets the spreader in motion and includes a system for rotating discs with blades and a feed conveyor. The electronic control unit for the servo-drive of the slide gate valve 6 provides control and management of the rate of application of mineral fertilizers based on electronic field acidity maps, which allows for differential fertilizer application in accordance with the nutrient content in the soil and plant needs and provides savings in mineral fertilizers compared to a constant dose applications throughout the field. Using a GPS or GLONASS navigator, movement across the field is controlled in such a way that there are no gaps in the spread and there is no double coverage of the same section of the field. After the end of fertilizer in the hopper, you need to drive to the edge of the field to load another batch of fertilizers.

The use of the proposed spreader improves the quality and uniformity of the spreading of fertilizers, speeds up the work and allows you to leave the field early spring due to low pressure wheels on the ground for maximum spreading and better absorption of fertilizer by the soil.

Claims (1)

Granular mineral fertilizer spreader mounted on the vehicle frame, containing a conical hopper for placing mineral fertilizers, two scattering discs with vanes, a conveyor that feeds fertilizer from the hopper to the discs, and slide gates installed in the rear of the hopper with a servo-drive, and in all wheels low-pressure tires are installed, characterized in that the vehicle is equipped with a manipulator and a knife located on the top of the hopper, as well as a fertilizer dispenser with a servo Odom, operatively associated with the electronic control system.

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