RU160860U1 - FIRE-FIGHTED VEHICLE FOR EXTINGUISHING AT LOW TEMPERATURES - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire engine designed to extinguish at low temperatures, containing a body, a combat crew cabin, a water tank, a foaming tank, a fixed fire monitor, a fire pump, characterized in that the car’s water tank is double-walled with air space filling and equipped with a heat exchanger coil type connected by means of an additional gas pipeline to the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system, while on the additional gas pipeline and exhaust pipe Valves are made to direct the movement of exhaust gases.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of fire fighting equipment and can be used in the manufacture of fire engines. The design of fire engines includes such basic elements as a basic chassis with a cabin, a tank (vessel) for fire extinguishing agents, a pumping unit with a fire monitor, a body for placing fire-technical weapons, and an exhaust system [Bezborodko M.D. Fire fighting equipment. Textbook. M .: AGPS EMERCOM of Russia. 2004].

Fire trucks are designed for:

1. Deliveries to the required area of combat crews, fire extinguishing means and fire equipment.

2. Supply in the required amount of fire extinguishing agents to the foci of combustion.

3. Performing a number of special works before and during the fire fighting.

The fire truck is equipped with a foam tank (foam tank), a fire monitor, pressure and suction hoses, hand barrels, a fire escape, rescue tools, fire extinguishers and other equipment.

Fire engines to extinguish fires with water are called tank trucks.

As a fire extinguishing agent, water is mainly used. The main disadvantages of water include high freezing point and electrical conductivity. In the absence of fire, the vehicle is in a fire box with a temperature of at least 16 ° C. In the event of a fire, the car leaves for the fire in winter. The time of arrival of a fire truck is established by the Federal Law and is 10 minutes in the city and 20 minutes in the countryside [Federal Law No. 123 of 07.22.2008. Technical regulation on fire safety requirements]. At low temperatures during the movement of the fire engine and extinguishing the fire, the water in the tank may freeze.

Therefore, the problem of delivering water as a fire extinguishing agent to the fire area and supplying the required amount of water to the combustion centers at low temperatures is an urgent task.

Famous northern fire truck [3. Emelyanov E.A. Northern fire truck. Utility Model Patent 85827 dated 08/20/2009. M .: VNIIGPE].

This car includes a car chassis with a driver’s cabin, a crew of combat crews, a body for placing fire-fighting equipment and special equipment, water pipes, a tank, a foam tank, a fixed fire monitor with a control system, and a pump unit that includes a pump with a control system.

The car chassis is equipped with an exhaust pipe of the engine exhaust system, which is directed away from the working areas.

The exhaust system includes gas samplers, silencer exhaust pipes, a silencer, an exhaust pipe, dampers, expansion joints and other elements.

The roof of the body or part of it intended for work has a surface or coating that prevents slipping of shoes along the perimeter of the work sites, and a fence of at least 100 mm high is installed on the roof of the body and tank.

The fire truck’s water tank is made of carbon or corrosion-resistant steel, and a waterproof paint coating is applied to the inside and outside surfaces of the carbon steel tank. The tank is equipped with a hatch with a diameter of at least 450 mm, it is equipped with a device for continuous or discrete control of the liquid level. Transverse and longitudinal partitions (breakwaters) are installed inside the tank, and its internal volume is divided by partitions into communicating compartments with a volume of not more than 1.5 m3

The car is equipped with a heating system, which is connected with a water tank, a fire pump, a suction hose and a working hose line.

The fire engine is also equipped with an additional heating system for the crew’s crew compartment, pump room, body with fire-fighting equipment, and the calculated winter temperature in the cabin in the foot zone is at least 18 ° C, both during movement and in stationary mode.

The car has a heat generator for drying shoes, clothes and equipment and is equipped with a power plant for heating water and heating compartments with fire fighting equipment.

Water heating in the tank is carried out using a power plant and special heating elements. The power plant is driven by an internal combustion engine using a transfer case.

The disadvantages of a northern fire truck are:

1. High cost and large dimensions of the power plant, heat generator, transmission.

2. Increased gas mileage during operation of the power plant.

3. The lack of a water temperature sensor in the car tank.

4. Insufficient efficiency of heat storage in the water tank during operation of the heating system.

Closest to the indicated problem is the fire superstructure of the fire-rescue vehicle of the north, made in the climatic version of the CL (for cold climates) (options) [Aleshkov MV and others. Fire superstructure of the fire and rescue vehicle of the north, made in the climatic version of the CL (for cold climates) (options). Patent for utility model 108980 dated 10/10/2011. M .: VNIIGPE]. The fire superstructure of the fire and rescue vehicle of the north, made in the climatic version of the HL (for cold climates), containing a body, a combat crew cabin, electrical equipment, a water tank, a foaming tank, water foam communications as part of the fire pump, shut-off and connecting fittings, and a fixed fire monitor the barrel, is equipped with a stand-alone device with electric heating elements (heating elements) for heating water from a power plant installed on the car or from an external source power supply.

The fire superstructure of the fire and rescue vehicle of the north is equipped with an autonomous engine with its own pump - a vortex heat generator and a heat exchanger connected in series with it.

The fire and rescue vehicle north, used in the climatic version of the CL (for cold climates), is equipped with a heat exchanger configured to use the energy of exhaust gases and a heating device for heating the heating medium in emergency situations, and the car body is isolated from the crew’s combat crew.

The heat exchanger uses the energy of exhaust gases. The exhaust gases have a high temperature of more than 300 ° C. Using the high temperature of the exhaust gases to heat the water in the tank is cost-effective and is not associated with the installation of large-sized and expensive power plants and other units.

The disadvantages of the fire superstructure of the fire and rescue vehicle of the north, made in the climatic version of the CL (for cold climates) (options) are:

1. The high cost of autonomous devices with electric heating elements (heating elements) for heating water from a power plant installed on the car.

2. Increased gas mileage during operation of the power plant.

3. Insufficient efficiency of heat storage in the water tank during operation of the heat exchanger using the energy of exhaust gases and heating elements.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of the delivery of fire extinguishing agents (water) to the fire area with lower financial costs.

The technical result when using the claimed utility model is to reduce heat dissipation from a water tank. At the same time, there is no need to install expensive and large-sized heat-generating plants and other related units on a fire truck. It is enough to equip the car’s tank with a heat exchanger using the thermal energy of the exhaust gases. Also, the water tank must be equipped with double walls, while the inter-wall space is filled with air.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the water tank for the car is double-walled with filling the space between the walls and equipped with a coil-type heat exchanger connected by means of an additional gas pipeline to the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system, while valves for the direction of movement are made on the additional gas pipeline and exhaust pipe exhaust gases.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2., Fig. 3), which depict: a front view of a fire truck, a section of a water tank with a coil type heat exchanger, a process diagram of the connection of the exhaust system to the heat exchanger.

On a fire truck with a chassis with wheels 1, a cabin for personnel 2, a water tank 3 with a hatch 4, a fire pump 5 driven by an internal combustion engine, a foam tank 6, a fixed fire monitor 7, a body for accommodating a fire-fighting technical armament and special equipment 8, ladder 9, exhaust system 10 equipped with a coil type heat exchanger 11.

Inside the tank 3, equipped with a heat exchanger 11, transverse and longitudinal partitions (breakwaters) 12 are installed to prevent water hammer. The tank is made with two walls 13, while the inter-wall space is filled with air 14, which has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. This design is designed to reduce heat removal from the water tank.

The exhaust system 10 includes gas samplers 15, exhaust pipes 16, a silencer 17, an exhaust pipe 18 and other elements.

An additional gas pipe 19 is diverted from the exhaust pipe 18, which is connected to the heat exchanger 11. The additional gas pipe is equipped with valves 20 for opening and closing. After passing the tank, the heat exchanger is connected by a section of the gas pipeline to the exhaust pipe 18.

The utility model works as follows.

Water 21 is poured into the tank 3 of the car, which is located in the fire department. When a fire occurs, the car leaves the fire station. The water temperature in the tank is at least 16 ° C. At low temperatures, the driver opens the corresponding valve 20 of the additional gas pipe 19 for hot exhaust gases to enter the heat exchanger 11. Then the driver closes the corresponding valve 20 to prevent the passage of gases through the main exhaust system. When the car is moving, hot exhaust gases enter the heat exchanger 11 inside the tank 3 and heat the water 21. The cooling rate of the water in the tank is significantly reduced due to the inter-space filled with air 14. At an ambient temperature above 0 ° C, the driver closes the corresponding valves 20, and the exhaust gases pass through the main exhaust system into the atmosphere without entering the heat exchanger.

The proposed device of a fire truck with a heat exchanger using the thermal energy of the exhaust gases and the inter-tank space filled with air having a low coefficient of thermal conductivity is simple to operate and allows you to deliver water to the fire with the least economic cost and changes in the design of the car.

Claims (1)

A fire engine designed to extinguish at low temperatures, containing a body, a combat crew cabin, a water tank, a foaming tank, a fixed fire monitor, a fire pump, characterized in that the car’s water tank is double-walled with air space filling and equipped with a heat exchanger coil type, connected by means of an additional gas pipeline to the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system, while on the additional gas pipeline and exhaust pipe Valves are made to direct the movement of exhaust gases.

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