RU159686U1 - THERMAL SCHEME OF TRIGENERATION MINI-CHP - Google Patents

Abstract

The thermal circuit of the mini-CHP plant, consisting of a gas turbine, compressor, combustion chamber, water economizer, steam turbine, gas turbine power generator, steam turbine power generator, steam turbine condenser, feed pump, characterized in that it further comprises a waste heat boiler, superheater, air recuperator, evaporative heating surfaces, network heater, network water cooler, heat pump, hot water supply line and heating and air conditioning line.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heat and electricity and can be used at individual and industrial housing construction projects, such as residential cottage complexes and industrial technology parks.

The known thermal scheme of a combined-cycle plant (111 U) with heating feedwater and a simple gas turbine unit (GTU) [Manushin EA, Combined power plants with steam and gas turbines. Results of science and technology. Series: Turbine Engineering, Volume 4, M. VINITI, 1990. - 17 s], which includes one or more gas turbines connected to a recovery boiler supplying steam to a steam turbine.

The disadvantages of this thermal scheme are:

- the inability to implement the conditioning (cooling) mode due to the lack of a refrigeration generator in the circuit;

- relatively low electrical efficiency of the circuit.

The prototype of the utility model is the scheme of a steam turbine installation with heating feed water with gas turbine exhaust gas [http: //www.gigavat.corn/gtu_pgu_aes.php] consisting of a compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine, two feed water heaters (water economizer), a boiler, steam turbine, gas turbine generator (gas turbine power generator), steam turbine generator (steam turbine power generator), condenser (steam turbine condenser), feed pump.

The disadvantages of this thermal scheme are:

- outdated design;

- insufficient maneuverability of this thermal circuit;

- insufficiently deep vacuum in the capacitor, and, therefore, low overall efficiency of the thermal circuit;

- if it is necessary to carry out conditioning at the facilities, it is required to introduce an additional refrigeration generator, which entails an increase in the cost of the entire circuit.

The objective of the utility model is to develop a thermal scheme of a trigeneration mini-thermal power plant, capable of generating heat, electric energy, as well as cold energy, which is highly efficient and designed for use in residential cottage complexes and industrial technology parks.

The technical result of the utility model is to develop a thermal scheme of a trigeneration mini-CHP that can provide consumers with energy and has high reliability and degree of efficiency. The thermal circuit of the trigeneration mini-CHP provides a deeper vacuum in the condenser compared to analogues due to the steam compression heat pump included in the circuit, which additionally heats the water in the DHW recovery and heating line, and is also able to supply the consumer with cold energy for air conditioning.

The technical result is achieved due to the thermal circuit of the mini-combined heat and power plant, consisting of a gas turbine, a compressor, a combustion chamber, a water economizer, a steam turbine, a gas turbine generator, a steam turbine generator, a steam turbine condenser, a feed pump, and additionally contains a waste heat boiler, steam superheater, air recuperator, evaporative heating surfaces, network heater, network water cooler, heat pump, hot water line and heating line and air conditioning.

The figure shows the thermal diagram of the trigeneration mini-CHP, consisting of a gas turbine 1 located on one shaft (not shown in FIG.) With a compressor 2. The combustion chamber 3 is connected to a gas turbine 1, which in turn is connected to a waste heat boiler 4 In the casing (not shown in FIG.) Of the recovery boiler 4, a superheater 5, an air recuperator 6, evaporative heating surfaces 7, a water economizer 8 and a network heater 9 are sequentially located. The recovery boiler 4 is connected to the drum 10 and the waste pipe the basics 11. The steam turbine 12 is connected to the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12, which is connected through the condensate pump 14 to the ejector 15 and the regenerative heater 16. A feed pump 17 is installed between the regenerative heater 16 and the water economizer 8. The throttle 18 is on the same pipe (in FIG. .not indicated) with a hot water heater 19, a condenser 13 of a steam turbine 12 and a circulation pump 20 and a regenerative heater 16. A choke 18, a hot water heater 19, a regenerative heater 16, circulation a pump 20 and a network water cooler 21 are a heat circuit of a steam compression type heat pump 22. The heat pump 22 is connected to the hot water supply line 23. In the presented diagram, a heating and conditioning line 24 is provided with a circulation pump of the heat network 25. The circuit also includes an electric generator 26 of a gas turbine 1 and an electric generator 27 of a steam turbine 12. The circuit pump 28 of the network water cooler is supplemented with the circuit. 21 and air conditioning circulation pump 29.

Let us consider the principle of operation of the thermal circuit of a mini-combined heat and power plant.

Through a fuel supply (not indicated in FIG.), Fuel enters the combustion chamber 3. Also, compressed air in the compressor 2 enters the combustion chamber 3, which is directly or partially heated in the air recuperator 6. In the combustion chamber 3, fuel and air are mixed and the air-fuel mixture ignites. Then, the combustion products with a temperature of about 750 ° C enter the gas turbine 1, where they create the torque of the impeller (not shown in Fig.) Of the gas turbine 1, which has a common shaft with the electric generator 26 of the gas turbine 1. Then from the terminals (in Fig. Not marked) of the electric generator 26 of the gas turbine 1 is removed electric current. After the gas turbine 1, the exhausted combustion products with a temperature of 550 ° C are sent to the waste heat boiler 4, in which the superheater 5, the air recuperator 6, the evaporative heating surfaces 7, the water economizer 8 and the network heater 9 pass. The temperature of the exhausted combustion products as the boiler passes utilizer 4 decreases from 550 ° C to 100 ° C. Exhaust combustion products exit through the exhaust pipe 11. Feed pump 17 through a water economizer 8 into the drum 10, then it is sent to the evaporative heating surface 7, where it is converted to steam, and then, passing the superheater 5, enters the steam turbine 12. In a steam turbine 12, steam flowing through the nozzle apparatus (not shown in FIG.) Of the steam turbine 12 and expanding between the blades (not shown in FIG.) Of the impeller (not shown in FIG.) Of the steam turbine 12, as a result of a change in the quantity The steam flow generates a torque on the shaft (not shown in FIG.) of the steam turbine 12, which is also the shaft (not shown in FIG.) of the electric generator 27 of the steam turbine 12. The steam spent in the steam turbine 12 enters the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12, which in fact, it is the evaporator of the heat pump 22. Further, the condensate (condensed steam) by means of the condensate pump 14 passing through the ejector 15 and the regenerative heater 16 is pumped by the feed pump 17 to the drum 10. The steam-power cycle is closed.

In the winter mode of operation, in the absence of analysis by the consumer, the heat pump 22 works to create a vacuum in the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12, transferring the heat of the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12 to the heat pump line 22. Heat is transferred to the heating water for the heating and conditioning line 24 from the waste water in a gas turbine 1 of combustion products through a network heater 9, circulation of the network water is provided by the circulation pump of the heating network 25.

In the summer operation mode, when the consumer parses the cold energy in the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12, a less deep vacuum is maintained by taking part of the cold from the heat pump 22 to the network water cooler 21. In starting and partially in operating modes, the vacuum in the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12 is provided the ejector 15. The transfer of the coolant to the network water cooler 21 is provided by means of the circulation pump 28 of the network water cooler 21. The cooling medium is supplied to the consumer for conditioning by means of a circulation pump 29. Providing the consumer with hot water supply is carried out by means of a hot water supply line 23, which draws heat from the hot water heater 19. In the cycle of the heat pump 22, freon is circulated, the pressure of which increases with the help of the circulation pump 20 and decreases with the help of the restrictor 18. B the circuit of the heat pump 22 circulates the brine. For the operation of the brine circuit of the heat pump, as well as for the operation of all circulation pumps of the circuit, electric energy is generated from the electric generator 26 of the gas turbine 1 and the electric generator 27 of the steam turbine 12.

Thus, due to the operation of the heat pump 22, a deeper vacuum is provided in the condenser 13 of the steam turbine 12, which allows a higher heat drop to be triggered, thereby increasing the efficiency of the steam turbine 12 and the installation as a whole. In summer mode, the scheme provides the consumer with cold energy to provide air conditioning, for example, through such air conditioning devices as fan coil units (not shown in FIG.).

Thus, in the winter mode of operation, the thermal circuit is cogeneration, providing the consumer with electric and thermal energy for heating and hot water, in the summer mode - the circuit is triggering, providing the consumer with electric energy, thermal energy for heating and hot water, as well as cold energy for conditioning.

Claims (1)

The thermal circuit of the mini-CHP plant, consisting of a gas turbine, compressor, combustion chamber, water economizer, steam turbine, gas turbine power generator, steam turbine power generator, steam turbine condenser, feed pump, characterized in that it further comprises a waste heat boiler, superheater, air recuperator, evaporative heating surfaces, network heater, network water cooler, heat pump, hot water supply line and heating and air conditioning line.

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