RU159321U1 - TURBOCHARGER FOR PRESSURING THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

A turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine, comprising a bearing housing, in which a rotor shaft is mounted on radial and thrust bearings, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, each located in its own housing, a cover fixed to the bearing housing, in which the oil channels and a channel for oil drainage, an oil deflector mounted on the turbocompressor rotor, o-rings installed on the compressor side and on the turbine side, and in the connection "cover - bearing housing", characterized in that the oil deflector is made in such a way that it covers the outer diameter of the cover mounted on the bearing housing and having a diametrical groove for oil drainage, while the diameter of the oil supply hole in the thrust bearing is 1.5- 3.0 mm, the inner surface of the thrust bearing is stepped, two o-rings are installed on the rotor of the turbocompressor both from the compressor and from the turbine side, and the o-ring of the connection a - bearing housing "mounted on the corner of the connection.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely, to the design of turbochargers used to pressurize internal combustion engines.

A turbocompressor is known, comprising a bearing housing, in which a rotor shaft is mounted on radial and thrust bearings, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, each located in its own housing, a diffuser installed in the compressor housing, and the bearing housing is additionally equipped with an aluminum cover , which fixes the thrust bearing, and the compressor housing and the turbine housing are attached to the bearing housing using bolts and strips (patent RU No. 32534, IPC F02B 37/00, F02B 39/00, publ. September 20, 2003) .

Also known is a turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylindrical bearing housing in which a rotor shaft is mounted on floating radial and thrust sliding bearings, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, each located in its own housing, a diffuser installed in the compressor housing made in the bearing housing oil supply channels and a channel for oil drainage, while in the zone of intersection with oil supply channels on the supporting working surface The bearings housings are made of oil-dispensing elements in the form of a recess in the form of a paraboloid of revolution (patent RU No. 134595, F02B 37/00 (2006.01), F16C 33/10 (2006.01), publ. 20.11.2013).

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of essential features is a turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine, comprising a bearing housing in which a rotor shaft is mounted on radial and thrust sliding bearings, on the consoles of which a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel are mounted, each located in its own housing, a diffuser installed in the compressor housing, oil-supplying channels made in the bearing housing and an oil drainage channel, an oil deflector installed on the rotor of the turbocharger, and an oil-saving screen installed in the bearing housing, O-rings installed on the compressor side and on the turbine side, a cover fixed to the bearing housing, while the bearing housing on the turbine side has the shape of a truncated cone with an inclination angle of 22 °, its wall, which forms the channel for oil drainage, is made at an angle of 22 ° <α <90 °, and the inter-bearing distance L between the radial bearings is 56.5 mm (Patent RU No. 150623, F02B 37/00 (2006.01), F16C 29 / 05 (2006.01), publ. 02/20/2015).

In connection with the tightening of the requirements for the standards for emissions of harmful polluting substances with exhaust gases (reduction by some indicators by 3 ... 5 times), as well as an increase in the resource before the first overhaul of the engine by half, an increase in the power range of the engines, the task to solve which the claimed technical solution is directed, is to increase the service life due to a design change that minimizes the ingress of oil into the seal assembly and eliminates oil leakage and solid seepage Owls in the exhaust gas system.

To solve this problem, a turbocharger for pressurizing an internal combustion engine containing a bearing housing, in which a rotor shaft is mounted on radial and thrust sliding bearings, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, each located in its own housing, a cover fixed to the bearing housing in which the oil-supplying channels and the channel for draining oil are made, an oil deflector mounted on the turbocompressor rotor, o-rings installed on the compressor side quarrel and from the side of the turbine, as well as in the “cover-bearing housing” connection, the oil scraper is designed in such a way that it covers the outer diameter of the cover mounted on the bearing housing and having a diametrical groove for oil drainage, while the diameter of the oil supply hole in the thrust bearing equal to 1.5-3.0 mm, the inner surface of the thrust bearing is stepped, two o-rings are installed on the turbocompressor rotor both from the compressor and the turbine side, and the o-ring with The “cover - bearing housing” connection is mounted on the corner part of the connection.

The set of distinctive features, namely, that the oil scraper mounted on the rotor of the turbocompressor covers the outer diameter of the cover mounted on the bearing housing, ensures minimal oil penetration on the o-rings on the compressor side and a smooth directional oil flow through the diametrical groove made in the cover, in the inner cavity of the bearing housing. This solution also eliminated the oil-saving screen in the bearing assembly.

Making a hole in the thrust bearing under the oil splitter bushing stepwise will allow to redistribute the oil flow and direct it to a greater extent on the most worn surface of the thrust bearing on the turbine side.

The distinguishing features are that two sealing rings are installed on the compressor and turbine sides to eliminate oil leakage from the turbocharger, and the installation of the sealing ring on the corner part of the “cover - bearing housing” joint will eliminate oil loss and ensure tightness of the joint.

The hole for the oil supply in the thrust bearing with a diameter of 1.5 mm - 3 mm will increase the oil supply through the thrust bearing. The boundary dimensions of the oil inlet were determined empirically and justified by performance indicators and a layout solution.

The hole in the thrust bearing for the rotor shaft of the turbocharger is designed in such a way as to direct the main oil flow passing through the thrust bearing toward the turbine stage. These changes are due to the fact that, according to the results of the analysis of turbochargers after operation on high-power engines, wear of the thrust bearing is observed from the side of the turbine.

The installation of additional rings and a modified oil discharge circuit minimizes oil entrainment into the intake and exhaust system of the engine, which positively affects the service life of the turbocharger, and makes it possible to improve engine toxicity standards and reduce oil consumption.

The claimed combination of essential features characterizing the claimed turbocompressor will increase the service life of the turbocharger for boosting the internal combustion engine by improving the lubrication system of the bearing assembly of the turbocompressor.

In addition, this solution will reduce oil waste and reduce operating costs.

Analysis of the known technical solutions for scientific, technical and patent documentation showed that the set of essential features of the proposed solution was not previously known, therefore, it meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the drawings:

FIG. 1 - turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine, a General view in section;

FIG. 2 is the same, view A in FIG. one;

FIG. 3 is the same, view B in FIG. one;

FIG. 4 is the same, view B in FIG. one;

FIG. 5 is the same, view D in FIG. one.

A turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine comprises a bearing housing 1, in which a rotor shaft 2 is mounted, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel 3 and a compressor wheel 4, each located in its own housing 5 and 6, respectively.

The turbine housing 5 and the compressor housing 6 are fixed to the bearing housing 1 by means of bolts and trims, which allows the housings to be installed in a wide range of angles to each other. The turbine casing 5 is double-entry, and a diffuser 7 is pressed into the compressor casing 6. A cover 8 made of aluminum alloy is fixed with bolts to the bearing casing 1, which is both the cover of the bearing casing 1 and the cover of the compressor casing 6. On the lid 8, a diametrical groove 9 is made for oil drainage (type “B”, Fig. 4).

To reduce heat transfer between the housing 5 of the turbine and the housing 1 of the bearings mounted screen 10 of heat-resistant steel. O-rings 11 are installed in the bearing housing 1, which serve to prevent oil leakage from the cavity of the bearing housing 1 into the flow parts of the compressor and turbine.

To limit axial movement, install o-rings, cut off oil from getting into the compressor stage on the rotor shaft 2, an oil deflector 12 and a sleeve 13 are installed. The oil deflector 12 is designed in such a way that it covers an outer diameter of the cover 8 mounted on the bearing housing 1.

The shaft 2 of the turbocharger rotor is installed in a combined bearing assembly, which consists of a thrust bearing 14 and two radial bearings 15, which are floating rotating bushings. In the thrust bearing 14, an oil supply channel 16 is made, the diameter of which is 1.5-3.0 mm, which will increase the oil consumption through the thrust bearing (type “A”, Fig. 2). The inner surface of the hole for the rotor shaft of the thrust bearing 14 is made stepwise, which will allow to redistribute the oil flow and direct it to a greater extent on the most worn out surface of the thrust bearing on the turbine side (view "B", Fig. 4).

In the housing 1 of the bearings, oil-supplying channels 17 and a channel 18 for oil drainage are made.

To prevent oil leakage, two o-rings 11 are installed on the compressor side and on the turbine side (type “A”, FIG. 2 and type “B”, FIG. 3). In the connection "cover - bearing housing" on the corner of the connection is installed a sealing ring 20 (type "G", Fig. 5).

The turbocharger operates as follows.

The exhaust gases from the engine enter the turbine housing 5 and rotate the turbine wheel 3 and then through the shaft 2 - the compressor wheel 4, while the turbine converts the exhaust gas energy into the kinetic energy of the rotor rotation, which turns into air compression work in the compressor. The shaft 2 rotates on two floating radial bearings 15 and has a limitation of axial movement by a thrust bearing 14, to which oil from the engine lubrication system is supplied under pressure. The oil used in the bearing assembly is discharged back into the engine lubrication system through channel 18.

The claimed technical solution minimizes the ingress of engine oil into the compressor and turbine stages, thereby reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment, ensuring tight joints and increasing the life of the turbocharger.

The claimed technical solution meets the requirement of industrial applicability and is possible for implementation on standard processing equipment.

Turbochargers with a modernized bearing housing are designed for KAMAZ diesel engines of the EURO-2, 3, 4 environmental levels.

Claims (1)

A turbocharger for boosting an internal combustion engine, comprising a bearing housing, in which a rotor shaft is mounted on radial and thrust bearings, on the consoles of which are mounted a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, each located in its own housing, a cover fixed to the bearing housing, in which the oil channels and a channel for oil drainage, an oil deflector mounted on the turbocompressor rotor, o-rings installed on the compressor side and on the turbine side, and in the connection "cover - bearing housing", characterized in that the oil deflector is made in such a way that it covers the outer diameter of the cover mounted on the bearing housing and having a diametrical groove for oil drainage, while the diameter of the oil supply hole in the thrust bearing is 1.5- 3.0 mm, the inner surface of the thrust bearing is stepped, two o-rings are installed on the rotor of the turbocompressor both from the compressor and from the turbine side, and the o-ring of the connection a - bearing housing "mounted on the corner of the connection.

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