RU153412U1 - CUTTER FOR MOUNTAIN AND ROAD MACHINES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The cutter for mining and road machines, including a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution, a replaceable working part of the head with a length of 0.4-0.8 head lengths with an axial protrusion and a carbide tip fixed to the opposite end, a socket in the head for placement axial protrusion, characterized in that the tip is made in the form of a disk with a cutting edge fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head on the axis of rotation, the axial protrusion of the replaceable part of the head is cylindrical and has an annular groove on the head the holders have a through threaded hole in the socket; a through screw is a locking screw that enters the annular groove of the replaceable working part of the head. 2. The cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk is fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head without rotation and is equipped with a cutting edge on the segment protruding from it.

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used on the executive bodies of mining and road machinery during tunneling and mining operations, as well as during construction work on the repair of road surfaces.

A device “Cutter for mining machines” is known (RF Patent No. 2263212, IPC E21C 35/183; publ. October 27, 2005). The cutter contains a holder, including a shank and made in the form of a truncated cone head. A tungsten carbide insert having a top and a base is installed on its end surface. The head of the holder is provided with a cylindrical protrusion located coaxially on its end surface. The tungsten carbide insert is made with a cylindrical undercut, in which a cylindrical protrusion of the holder head is placed. The end surface of the head of the holder is aligned with the surface of the base of the carbide insert conical shape. The conical part of the head of the holder is made with the possibility of its overlapping by the base of the carbide insert.

The disadvantages of the device:

- when the abrasion of the upper part of the head of the cutter, it becomes unsuitable for further operation and must be replaced,

- the groove of the shank is made at a fixed distance from the head, i.e. the cutter can only be used in a specific tool holder of one type of mine combines, it is not suitable for combines of another type.

Also known device "Cutter for mining and road machinery" (RF Patent No. 2079651, IPC E21C 35/18; E02F 9/28; publ. 05/20/1997). The cutter contains a holder, a working head with an axial protrusion, a tip made of carbide material and a device for fixing the distance between the tip and the working head when forming a solder joint between them. The axial protrusion forms at the front end of the working head a thrust surface of an annular shape. The tip includes a body part having the shape of a body of revolution and a base with a supporting surface and with a socket for receiving an axial protrusion. The device for fixing the distance between the tip and the working head is made in the form located on the end of the axial protrusion of the working head of the support protrusion and located on the bottom of the socket of the tip of the recess for accommodating the support protrusion. The support protrusion and the walls of the recess are in the form of cones of rotation. The axis of the cones, which determine the shape of the supporting protrusion and the recess, respectively, are located on the longitudinal axis of the cutter.

Disadvantages of the cutter:

- The practice of coal mining shows that the cutters removed from the combine have working heads with wear by one third, half, and even more. This means that the axial protrusion of the working head will inevitably be damaged and the cutter will become unsuitable for reuse;

- the tip is attached to the working head by soldering, which makes it impossible to remove the worn out and install a new tip in underground mining or road works;

- the groove in the holder for the lock washer is made at a fixed distance from the head, i.e. the cutter can only be used in a specific tool holder of one type of mine combines, it is not suitable for combines of another type.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed prototype device is “Cutter for mining and road vehicles” (RF Patent for utility model No. 106306, IPC E21C 35/18). The cutter includes a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution and a tip of carbide material. The head contains a replaceable working part, in which the tip is installed. The replaceable working part of the head has an axial protrusion, and the head has a socket for accommodating the axial protrusion. The length of the replaceable working part of the head is 0.4-0.8 of the length of the head. Holes are made perpendicularly to its axis on the opposite end of the holder.

Disadvantages:

- the working part of the head is equipped with a carbide tip, the protruding end of which is made in the form of a cone, which does not cut the array, but breaks and punctures. The result of this is the high energy intensity of rock breaking and accelerated destruction of the head of the cutter;

- with a rigid connection of the replaceable working part of the head and filling with the rock trifle of the tool holder, one-sided wear of the tool is observed and its quick failure;

- wear or damage to the soldered carbide tip entails the need to replace the replaceable working part of the head.

The task is to increase the life of the cutters, reduce the energy intensity of mining and road works.

The cutter for mining and road machines includes a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution and a replaceable working part of the head with a length of 0.4-0.8 head length. The replaceable working part of the head has an axial protrusion and a carbide tip at the opposite end. The cutter head has a socket for accommodating an axial protrusion. The tip is made in the form of a disk with a cutting edge fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head on the axis of rotation. The axial protrusion of the replaceable working part of the head is cylindrical and has an annular groove. A through threaded hole in the socket is made on the head of the holder. A locking screw is located in the through threaded hole, which is included in the annular groove of the replaceable working part of the head. The tip is made in the form of a trapezoid isosceles plate fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head, and the part of the plate protruding from it along the axis of the cutter has the shape of a half-disk with a cutting edge.

The essence of the device is illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the cutter for mining and road machines and attached to it a removable working part of the head with a disk.

In FIG. 2 is a top view of the incisor.

The cutter for mining and road machines contains a cylindrical holder 1 with an annular groove 2 and holes 3, a head 4 in the form of a body of revolution and its replaceable working part 5. The replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 has an axial protrusion 6 of a cylindrical shape with an annular groove 7. In the head 4 there is a socket 8 for accommodating the axial protrusion 6, as well as a through threaded hole 9 in the socket 8. A locking screw 10 is screwed into the through threaded hole 9. The end of the locking screw 10 protrudes into the socket 8 for placement of a removable working part 5 in the annular groove 7 4. To protect the locking screw 10 from contact with the rock and wear, its head with a slot is buried in the threaded hole 9. On the opposite axial protrusion 6 is the end of the replaceable working part 5 of head 4, a carbide tip is installed in the form of a disk 11. Disc 11 is placed in axial slot 12 of the replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 and is mounted on the axis of rotation 13, made in the form of a screw screwed into the body of the replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 into the threaded hole 14. To protect the screw from damage by rock its head with a slot buried in the threaded hole 14. The disk 11 has a solid, pointed cutting edge 15.

The length of the actually manufactured replaceable working part 5 of head 4 for the KP-21 mine tunneling machine is 35 mm, the diameter of the head at the place of installation of the carbide tip is 20 mm. Based on these sizes, the disk 11 is made with a diameter equal to 22-25 mm, with a disk thickness of 10-15 mm. For effective cutting of the rock, the sharpening of the cutting edge 15 of the disk 11 is made with an angle of 60-80 degrees. Cutters for more powerful combines require discs with a diameter of up to 30-35 mm and a thickness of about 18-20 mm.

The proposed cutter for mining and road machinery works as follows. The cutter is installed on the executive body (not shown) of a mining or road machine. In this case, the holder 1 is placed in the channel of the tool holder, having previously installed in the groove 2 a snap ring of a known design (not shown in the drawing). The holder can be fixed in the tool holder channel by installing cotter pins in the holes 3. A replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 is attached to the holder, placing its axial protrusion 6 into the socket 8. A screw 10 is screwed into the through threaded hole 9, which, when it enters the groove 7, prevents the axial movement of the removable working part 5 of the head 4, but does not interfere with its rotation. Next, the cutter is brought to the surface of coal, rock or asphalt and the process of mass destruction begins, the cutter is pressed into the rock and moved into it. Since the contact of the cutter with the array due to the friction force and two nodes of rotation, the disk 11 rotates along the line of least resistance. Its cutting edge 15 is combined with the line of movement of the cutter along the surface of the array, is buried in it and carries out the cutting process. The destruction of the array occurs in light mode, since the penetrating ability of the cutting edge 15 of the disk 11 is higher than that of the conical tip. The harvester mechanisms work without dynamic overloads with less energy consumption. By installing cutters on the working body of the combine according to a certain scheme, the desired frequency of the cutting lines of the array is achieved to separate parts from it.

The rotation of the disk 11 provides uniform and long-term wear of the cutting edge 15. After blunting the cutting edge 15 of the disk 11, the screw 13, which functions as the axis of rotation of the disk 11, is unscrewed from the threaded hole 14, the next disk is installed and the replaceable head is ready for further operation. This allows you to increase the duration of its use. In case of excessive wear of the disk and damage to the replaceable working part of the head, it is replaced with a new one. At the same time, the cutter itself - the holder and the main head - continue to be used. The resource of the cutter increases significantly compared with the prototype.

When the destruction of high-strength rocks, when the screw 13 may not withstand high loads and break, the disk 11 is fixed in the axial slot 12 of the replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 by soldering or several screws. The rigidity of the connection increases the reliability of fixing the disk and reduces the likelihood of its detachment. In this case, the cutting edge is performed only on the segment protruding from the removable working part 5. On the hidden segment of the disk, the cutting edge is no longer required and for reliability of fastening this segment can have a shank for abutment against the wall of the axial slot or be fixed with insert wedges. The possibility of more rigid fixing of the disk 11 in the axial slot 12 of the replaceable working part 5 of the head 4 increases the reliability of the use of the cutter in difficult mining conditions.

So the signs of the claims affect the achievement of the technical result.

The presence of the proposed cutter two rotation nodes (the cutter in the tool holder and the replaceable head in the holder) provides the conditions for easy rotation of the disk 11 and the location of its cutting edge in the direction of movement of the cutter on the surface of the rock mass. Thanks to the friction forces, the cutting edge 15 of the disk 11 will itself unfold along the line of least resistance to cutting and the cutter will cut the array without crushing and puncturing.

Due to the fact that the length of the cutting edge 15 of the disk 11 is many times greater than the point cutting edge of the cone carbide insert, the resource of the replaceable head increases significantly before failure.

Maintaining a long time of the cutting ability of the cutter (due to the large length of the cutting edge) with a small contact area with the rock mass reduces frictional sparking of the cutter, increases the safety of underground mining and reduces the energy consumption of destruction of the rock mass.

A change in the principle of fracture from deformation and gouging to cutting reduces the yield of small fractions and dust of the destructible massif, and increases the grade of mined coal.

The inventive utility model allows to increase the life of the cutter in a mine or road combine, reduce the energy consumption of mining and road works, reduce dust output and the intensity of frictional sparking.

Claims (2)

1. The cutter for mining and road machines, including a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution, a replaceable working part of the head with a length of 0.4-0.8 head lengths with an axial protrusion and a carbide tip fixed to the opposite end, a socket in the head for placement axial protrusion, characterized in that the tip is made in the form of a disk with a cutting edge fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head on the axis of rotation, the axial protrusion of the replaceable part of the head is cylindrical and has an annular groove on the head the holder has a through threaded hole in the socket; a through screw is a locking screw that enters the annular groove of the replaceable working part of the head. 2. The cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk is fixed in the axial slot of the replaceable working part of the head without rotation and is equipped with a cutting edge on the segment protruding from it.

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