RU149127U1 - WIND POWER GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical field of the proposed wind power generator is wind energy. The task to which the proposed wind generator is aimed is to expand the arsenal of technical means using wind energy to generate electricity. In modern wind energy, wind turbines are known that use the lifting force of the wind created by wind flows on aerodynamic profiles and having a horizontal or vertical arrangement of the rotor. Wind turbines with horizontal rotor arrangement have propeller-type blades. Wind turbines with a vertical rotor arrangement (Darier rotor) have thin aerodynamic profiles having a symmetry axis in the transverse section, in this case zones of low and high pressure arise alternately on both sides of the blade depending on the location of the blade to the wind flows. The rotation planes of the blades of wind turbines, with a vertical arrangement of the rotor are parallel to the wind flows. The plane of rotation of the blades of wind turbines, with the horizontal location of the rotor perpendicular to the wind flows. When the rotation planes of the described wind turbines deviate from the indicated position relative to the wind flows, their efficiency decreases. The proposed wind generator has a design that allows you to work only when the deviation of the wind generator from a vertical position at some acute angle. The wind generator is designed for use in the seas and oceans without resting on the bottom. A wind generator is a mast that has underwater and surface parts on which the remaining elements of the wind generator are installed and built in. The lattice design of the mast provides low resistance to wind loads. On the surface of the mast, shrouds with input and output windows, traverses, nets, fabric strips, rods, ropes, pull ropes, ropes pulling rods down, cables providing rotation of the rods when moving down, pontoons, rudders, shafts, couplings, wheels are installed with blades closed by casings. In the casings there are guide vanes. The blades of the proposed wind generator differ from the blades of wind turbines with horizontal or vertical rotor (Darier rotor). The blades of the proposed wind generator are similar in profile to the wing of an airplane (asymmetrical profile), on which the low pressure zone arises on one side and the high pressure zone on the opposite side, and wind flows from the leading edge. The blades are located at an angle to the axis of the wheels, along the circumferences of the wheels. The casing covering the wheels with the blades are located in the mast one above the other. Traverses are located symmetrically on two opposite sides of the mast. Fabric strips are installed between traverses mounted on one side of the mast. Fabric strips are also mounted on the mast between shrouds and traverses. Fabric strips are separated outside the casings, the entrance windows of the casings from the output windows of the casings. Placing fabric strips in the mast and installing fabric strips on traverses allows increasing the speed of wind flows passing through the windows of the casings. In the underwater part of the mast there is a compartment for placing the rotor and stator of the electric generator. An anchor rope with an anchor is attached to the lower point of the underwater part of the mast to hold the wind generator in place. The wheels with blades and the rotor of the electric generator are connected into a single mechanical chain with the help of shafts and couplings. The wind generator has a positive buoyancy cylinder to give the wind generator positive buoyancy. The presence of a wind generator in water and the presence of positive buoyancy in a wind generator allows the wind generator to deviate from a vertical position, as well as rotate relative to wind flows. Orientation relative to the wind can be achieved by expanding or folding fabric strips on the traverses from one side of the mast and changing the position of the rudders relative to the wind, by increasing or decreasing the resistance created by the rudders and fabric strips to wind flows. Unfolding and folding of fabric strips is ensured by nets, rods, ropes, ropes pulling rods up, ropes pulling rods down, ropes providing rotation of rods when moving down. The ability to expand and collapse fabric strips protects the wind generator from excessive wind loads. In the absence of wind, the wheels, and the entrance windows of the casings are located in horizontal planes, and the shafts and mast are located in vertical planes. Under the influence of wind flows on fabric strips, the mast of a wind generator (located in water and secured with an anchor rope and an anchor at the bottom) deviates from the vertical position by some sharp angle and rests on an element with positive buoyancy (pontoon). The enclosures built into the mast are deflected and the surfaces of the enclosures in which the entrance windows are located unfold at an acute angle to the wind flows. When the casings are deviated from the casings, their input and output windows are aligned horizontally. When the mast of the wind generator is deflected from a vertical position, the planes of rotation of the wheels also deviate by some acute angle from the horizontal position. The wheels are turned at some sharp angle to the currents of the wind. The blades on the wheels become perpendicular to the wind flows. Wind flows are directed by fabric strips (also playing the role of concentrators of wind flows) into the casing. Wind flows can directly pass through the entrance windows to the guide vanes inside the casings located opposite the blades (placed on wheels) and then, passing through the blades, exit through the exit windows of the casings on the leeward side of the fabric strips. The wind flows passing through the casing create lift force on the wheel blades (as on an airplane wing). The blades on the wheels create a rotational movement of the wheels. Torque from the wheels is transmitted to the rotor of the generator using shafts and couplings.

Description

The wind turbines for generating electricity described in the book “Renewable Energy Sources” are analogues of a wind power generator. The authors of Renewable Energy, J. Twidell and A. Weir. Wind installations are described on pages 199 to 203. The book was translated from English and published in 1990 by Energoatomizdat publishing house, Moscow. Wind turbines using the lifting force created by wind flows on aerodynamic profiles have a horizontal or vertical rotor arrangement (Darier rotor). The rotation planes of the blades of wind turbines, for generating electricity, with a vertical arrangement of the rotor are parallel to the wind flows. The rotation planes of the blades of wind turbines, for generating electricity, with a horizontal arrangement of the rotor are perpendicular to the wind flows.

When the rotation planes of the described wind turbines deviate from the indicated position relative to the wind flows, their efficiency decreases.

The wind generator has a design that allows you to work only when deviating from a vertical position by some sharp angle.

The task to which the wind generator is aimed is to expand the arsenal of technical means using wind energy to generate electricity.

The wind generator is designed for use in the seas and oceans without resting on the bottom.

A wind generator is a mast that has underwater and surface parts on which the remaining elements of the wind generator are installed and built in. The lattice design of the mast provides low resistance to wind loads.

On the surface of the mast, shrouds with input and output windows, traverses, nets, fabric strips, rods, ropes, pull ropes, ropes pulling rods down, cables providing rotation of the rods when moving down, pontoons, rudders, shafts, couplings, wheels are installed with blades closed by casings. In the casings there are guide vanes.

The casing with the entrance windows and the guide vanes provide the supply of wind flows to the blades on the wheels, so that the wheels with blades rotate in the right direction under the influence of wind flows, and the wind flows do not interfere with the rotation of the wheels with blades. Exit windows of casings divert wind flows after the blades.

In the absence of wind, the wheels and the casing are located in horizontal planes.

The blades are located at an angle to the axis of the wheels, along the circumferences of the wheels.

Traverses are located symmetrically on two opposite sides of the mast.

Fabric strips are installed between traverses mounted on one side of the mast. Fabric strips are also mounted on the mast between shrouds and traverses. Fabric strips are separated outside the casings, the entrance windows of the casings from the output windows of the casings.

Placing fabric strips in the mast and installing fabric strips on traverses allows increasing the speed of wind flows passing through the windows of the casings.

Under the influence of wind flows on the fabric strips, the mast of the wind generator deviates from the vertical position by a certain acute angle, and rests on an element with positive buoyancy (pontoon). The enclosures built into the mast are deflected and the surfaces of the enclosures in which the entrance windows are located unfold at an acute angle to the wind flows. Wind flows are directed by fabric strips (also playing the role of concentrators of wind flows) into the casing. Wind flows can directly pass through the entrance windows to the guide vanes inside the casings located opposite the blades (placed on wheels) and then, passing through the blades, exit through the exit windows of the casings on the leeward side of the fabric strips.

The blades of a wind generator are aerodynamic profiles in the form of wings. Wind flows around the blades create lift on the blades and torque on the wheels.

The wheels with blades and the rotor of the electric generator are connected into a single mechanical chain with the help of shafts and couplings.

The wind generator has a positive buoyancy cylinder to give the wind generator positive buoyancy. The presence of a wind generator in water and the presence of positive buoyancy in a wind generator allows the wind generator to deviate from a vertical position and also rotate relative to wind flows, but it does not matter what means positive buoyancy is achieved to achieve the result.

An electric generator is necessary for a wind electric generator to convert the rotational movement of the shaft into electricity, and the design and placement of the electric generator can be any.

An anchor rope with an anchor is attached to the lower point of the underwater part of the mast to hold the wind generator in place.

Orientation relative to the wind can be achieved by expanding or folding fabric strips on the traverses from one side of the mast and changing the position of the rudders relative to the wind, by increasing or decreasing the resistance created by the rudders and fabric strips to wind flows.

Unfolding and folding of fabric strips is ensured by nets, rods, ropes, ropes pulling rods up, ropes pulling rods down, ropes providing rotation of rods when moving down.

The ability to expand and collapse fabric strips protects the wind generator from excessive wind loads.

The blades of a wind generator are different from the blades of wind turbines described in the book. The blades of the wind turbines described in the book are propeller-type blades (horizontal position of the rotor) or thin aerodynamic profiles having a symmetry axis in the transverse section (vertical position of the rotor), in this case zones of low and high pressure occur alternately on both sides of the blade, depending on the location of the blade to the wind flows (Darier rotor). The blades of a wind generator are similar in profile to the wing of an airplane (asymmetric profile), on which the zone of reduced pressure arises on one side, and the zone of increased pressure on the opposite side, and wind flows from the front edge.

The wind turbines described in the book lack elements in the form of fabric strips, a pontoon, guide vanes, casings with windows, a cylinder with positive buoyancy, or other elements of the same purpose.

Nets, rods, ropes, ropes pulling rods up, ropes pulling rods down, ropes providing rotation of the rods when moving down, traverses are absent in the wind turbines described in the book, but are available in a wind generator.

The wind turbines described in the book have stabilizers for orientation relative to the wind. The stabilizer is a motionless fixed plate like a weather vane. The wind generator has rudders for orientation relative to the wind. Steering wheels are moving plates.

The mast of the wind generator is different in design from the elements of wind turbines of the same purpose, which are described in the book. The mast (tower) described in the book consists of pipes stacked on top of one another and forming one tall pipe (tower). The mast of the wind generator, consisting of lattice sections fixedly connected to each other, allows you to embed a casing with windows and provides the ability to supply wind flows to the entrance windows of the casing.

The wind installations described in the book for generating electricity are installed by the mast (tower) on a solid support and do not need elements like an anchor rope, an anchor or other elements of the same purpose.

From this it follows that the described wind turbines are not close analogues of a wind power generator.

The achievement of the result by the wind generator is ensured by the fact that the wind generator is located in water, the positive buoyancy of the wind generator, the presence of an anchor, the presence of an anchor rope, the presence of the rotor and stator of the generator. The achievement of the result by the wind generator is also ensured by the fact that there is a mast with a lattice design supporting the pontoon in the surface part, a casing with input and output windows, wheels with vanes located in the casings, fabric strips between the casings and traverses, guide vanes located in the casings, shafts and couplings connecting wheels with blades and a rotor of the electric generator in a single mechanical chain, traverses located symmetrically on two opposite sides of the mast, between traverses located on the same Oron mast mounted fabric strip, fabric strip is separated casings input window from the output window, the output window in casings located on the leeward side of the fabric strips, the input window in casings located on the windward side of the fabric strips, the blades have an asymmetrical profile.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a wind generator.

In FIG. 2 shows a section “AA” indicated in FIG. one.

In FIG. 3 shows a section “BB” indicated in FIG. 2.

In FIG. 4 shows a view “B” indicated in FIG. 2.

In FIG. 5 shows the extension element “G” indicated in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 6 shows the extension element “D” indicated in FIG. four.

In FIG. 7, a section through a casing is shown separately.

In FIG. 8 shows a section “EE” indicated in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 9 shows a view “G” indicated in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 10 shows the wheel assembly with the blades.

In FIG. 11 shows a view “3” indicated in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 1 shows a wind generator, which has a mast 1 consisting of lattice sections fixedly connected to each other. Mast 1 carries the remaining elements of a wind generator. Mast 1 has a waterline of mast 5. The waterline of mast 5 divides mast 1 into underwater and surface parts. A pontoon 32 is built into the surface of the mast 1. The pontoon 32 limits the deviation of the mast 1 from a vertical position under the influence of wind forces. A cylinder 2 is built into the underwater part of the mast 1. Cylinder 2 is a round cylinder made of extruded polystyrene foam. Extruded polystyrene foam gives cylinder 2 positive buoyancy. The cylinder 2 has a through hole through which the shaft 6 passes.

Cylinder 2 provides positive buoyancy of a wind generator.

Bottom to the cylinder 2 adjoins the compartment for placing the generator 29 integrated in the underwater part of the mast 1. Below, to the compartment for the generator 29 adjoins the compartment for the current collector 30 integrated in the underwater part of the mast 1.

The rotor of the generator 8, is a cylindrical glass. The rotor of the generator 8 is mounted on one of the shafts 6. The stator of the generator 9 and the rotor of the generator 8 are located in the cavity of the compartment for placing the generator 29. In the rotor of the generator 8 there is a line for the permissible water level in the generator 33. The line for the permissible water level in the generator 33 determines the allowable water level in the rotor of the generator 8, the remaining space in the rotor of the generator 8 is filled with air to prevent the generator circuits from getting wet. The shafts 6 are supported by thrust bearings 10 and radial bearings 28 located in the housings for mounting bearings 23. The housing for mounting bearings 23 are built into the mast 1. One of the thrust bearings 10 is located in the stator of the generator 9.

A torus 35 is fixed on the rotor of the generator 8. The material of the torus 35 is extruded polystyrene foam, which gives the torus 35 positive buoyancy. Torus 35 reduces the load on the thrust bearing 10 located in the stator of the generator 9.

The compartment for placing the generator 29 built into the underwater part of the mast 1 is completely filled with water.

The location of the cylinder 2 with positive buoyancy and the compartment for placing the generator 29 in the underwater part of the trellised mast allows you to reduce the wave load on the mast 1.

In the cavity of the compartment for the current collector 30 there is a line of permissible water level in the compartment of the current collector 34 and the current collector 11 is located. The line of permissible water level in the compartment of the current collector 34 determines the permissible water level in the compartment for the current collector 30, the remaining space in the compartment for the current collector 30 is filled with air, to prevent wet electrical circuits of the current collector 11. The current collector 11 is connected to the cable 12. Cable 12 is designed to transmit electricity generated by the wind generator. The current collector 11 prevents tangling and winding of the cable 12 during possible rotations of the wind generator.

Both ends of the anchor rope 13 are fixed at the lower point of the mast 1.

The wind generator has an anchor 14 in the form of a load. Anchor 14 holds the wind generator in place. An earring 31 is built into the anchor 14. Anchor rope 13 is passed through the earring 31.

Several traverses 3, rudders 4 and casings 24 are built into the surface of the mast 1, the number and size of which is determined by the operating conditions.

Steering wheels 4 are located inside the mast 1.

The rudders 4 are necessary to orient or hold the wind generator relative to the wind. Handlebars 4 are rectangular plates. The rudders 4, connected in a single mechanism, changing their position relative to wind flows, unfold or vice versa prevent a change in the position of the wind generator relative to wind flows.

Traverses 3 are located at different levels in height and symmetrically from two opposite sides of mast 1. Between adjacent traverses 3 installed at different levels in height, on one side of mast 1, mesh 15 is installed and fabric strips 16 are located. Traverse 3, mesh 15 and fabric strips 16 are located symmetrically on two opposite sides of the mast 1. The casing 24 is installed one above the other and built into the mast 1, with a certain step in height. The height step for the casings 24 and traverse 3 is determined depending on the conditions of future operation. Shields 17 are fixedly attached to the mast 1 and traverses 3. Shields 17 are rectangular plates covering the gaps between the fabric strips 16. The fabric strips 16 are synthetic fabrics. The dimensions of the fabric strips 16 depend on the conditions for future use. Fabric strips 16 are artificial obstacles that contribute to the deviation from the vertical position of the wind generator and direct wind flows into the casing 24. The wheels 25 and the blades 26 are located inside the casings 24. The shafts 6 and couplings 7 are used to connect the wheels 25 and the generator rotor into a single mechanical chain 8.

In FIG. 2 shows a section “AA” indicated in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, a device of a wind generator is additionally graphically explained.

Traverses 3 are fixed lattice sections in the form of triangles. Traverses 3 are symmetrically and motionlessly attached on two opposite sides of mast 1. The dimensions of traverses 3 can vary depending on the height of the installation and are determined based on the conditions of future operation.

Casing 24 is integrated in mast 1.

Steering wheels 4 are located inside the mast 1.

In FIG. 3 shows a section “BB” indicated in FIG. 2. Traverses 3 are fixed and symmetrically fixed on two opposite sides of the mast 1. At the same level in height, in the horizontal plane, there are two traverses 3 symmetrical in design and location. Between adjacent traverses 3 installed at different heights, on one side of mast 1, nets 15, fabric strips 16 and rods 18 are installed. Between adjacent traverses 3 installed at different levels in height, on one side of mast 1, there are two pairs of ropes 19. The first pair of ropes 19 is located at the free ends of the traverse 3. The second pair of ropes 19 is set indented from the attachment points of the traverse 3 to the mast 1. The ropes 19 serve as guides for the rods 18. The rods 18 serve to fold and unfold the fabric strips 16 and move I am between adjacent traverses installed at different levels of height 3. Traverses 3, mesh 15, fabric strips 16, rods 18 and ropes 19 are located symmetrically on two opposite sides of mast 1. Inside mast 1, between casings 24 and traverses 3, in a similar way nets 15, fabric strips 16, rods 18 and ropes 19 are fixed to the mast sections 1. The shields 17 are fixedly fixed to the mast 1 and to the traverses 3.

The shroud 24 is integrated into the mast 1. The blades 26 are located inside the shrouds 24. The exit windows 37 of the shrouds 24 face the leeward side of the fabric strips 16.

In FIG. 4, a construction of a wind generator is additionally graphically explained, view “B” shown in FIG. 2.

In FIG. 5 shows the extension element “G” indicated in FIG. 3 and the device of cable systems and ropes for winding and unwinding fabric strips 16 is explained.

A fragment of one of the rods 18 is shown, the relative position and fastening of the elements ensuring the movement of the rod 18 up and down, as well as the folding and unfolding of the fabric strip 16. The rod 18 is a cylinder having a stepwise change in diameter along the length. The rod 18 has one groove in the middle for winding the fabric strip 16 and three more grooves at both ends. A pair of ropes 19 passes through the extreme groove of the rod 18, covering the rod 18 between themselves, playing the role of guides. Next to the adjacent groove of the rod 18, a cable pulling upward 20 and a cable pulling down 21 are fixed. A cable pulling up 20 and a cable pulling down 21 are fixed to the rod 18 with non-retractable loops, allowing the rod 18 to rotate around its axis. The cable providing rotation when moving down 22 is fixed to the rod 18, in the groove next to the groove for winding the fabric strip 16. The cable providing rotation when moving down 22 is fixed to the rod 18 and has the ability to be wound into the groove of the rod 18.

The fabric strip 16 is fixedly fixed to the rod 18 in the groove for winding the fabric strip 16 and the winding of the fabric strip 16 is opposite to the winding of the cable providing rotation when moving down 22.

The cables pulling upward 20 provide an upward movement of the rod 18. When moving upwards, the cables pulling downward 21 are unrolled unhindered. The cables pulling down 21 provide a downward movement of the rod 18. When moving downwards, the cables pulling upward 20 are unrolled unhindered. Simultaneously with the downward movement, the fabric strip 16 is winded due to the unwinding of the cables providing rotation when moving down 22 and, conversely, when moving up, the unwinding of fabric strip 16 and the winding of cables providing rotation when moving down 22. The mesh 15 is located on the leeward side of the fabric strip 16 , aligns and prevents bulging of a fabric strip 16.

The opposite end of the rod 18 is arranged in a similar manner.

In FIG. 6 shows the extension element “D” indicated in FIG. 4. The blades 26, the guide vanes 27 and the wheel 25 are placed inside the casing 24. The blades 26 are mounted on the wheel 25 fixedly mounted on the shaft 6. The shaft 6 passes through the casing 24. The blades 26, the wheel 25 and the shaft 6 are able to rotate freely around the casing 24 axis of the shaft 6. Shown in the context of the input window 36 and the output window 37.

In FIG. 7, a section through a casing 24 is shown separately. The blades 26, the wheel 25, the guide vanes 27, and the shaft 6 are shown in dashed lines. The arrows show the movement of wind flows through the casing 24, the blades 26, the wheel 25, the guide vanes 27, the input window 36, the output window 37 and the shaft 6.

In FIG. 8 shows a section “EE” indicated in FIG. 6. In FIG. 8 further explains the design and relative position of the casing 24, the blades 26, the wheel 25, the guide vanes 27, the output window 37 and the shaft 6.

In FIG. 9 shows a view “G” indicated in FIG. 6. In FIG. 9 shows: a casing 24, a wheel 25, a shaft 6, and a mast 1. Entrance windows 36 are shown through which wind flows into the casing 24. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, input windows 36 are shown in section.

In FIG. 10 shows the wheel 25 assembled with the blades 26 and their design and relative position are explained. The blades 26 are aerodynamic profiles in the form of wings with an asymmetric profile. Wind flows around the blades 26 create a lifting force on the blades 26. The blades 26 are located around the circumference of the wheel 25, at angles to the axis of the wheel 25. The angles are determined individually for each case of operation.

In FIG. 11 shows a view “3” indicated in FIG. 6. The casing 24 is shown from the side of the output window 37. Wind flows after the passage of the blades 26 exit the casing 24 through the output window 37.

Mast 1 is shown.

In the absence of wind flows, mast 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is upright. Mast 1 is immersed in water to the mast waterline 5.

The wind generator can be tilted, when the wind acts on the fabric strip 16, in the direction of the pontoon 32 (having positive buoyancy) and rely on it. Pontoon 32 is located above the waterline of the mast 5.

The water level in the rotor of the generator 8 does not exceed the line of the permissible water level in the generator 33, both in the vertical position of the mast 1, and when the mast 1 deviates from the vertical position.

The water level in the compartment for the current collector 30 does not exceed the line of the permissible water level in the compartment of the current collector 34, both in the vertical position of the mast 1, and when the mast 1 deviates from the vertical position.

When the mast 1 deviates from the vertical position, a situation arises when the casing 24 is turned at an acute angle to the wind flows, as shown in FIG. 7. When the mast 1 of the wind generator is deflected from a vertical position, the inlet windows 36 and the outlet windows 37 of the shrouds 24 provide the possibility of wind flows passing through the shroud 24 without sharp turns. The optimal acute angle of deviation of the casings 24 depends on the size of the blades 26 and wheels 25.

Fabric strips 16 are also hubs for wind flows.

Wind streams guided by fabric strips 16 enter the casing 24 through the inlet windows 36 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 6, then the wind flows to the guide vanes 27 and then to the blades 26. The blades 26 move under the influence of wind flows creating zones of low and high pressure on the blades 26. Further, wind flows through the exit windows 37 in the casings 24 on the leeward side of the fabric strips 16. The blades 26 are attached to the wheels 25. The blades 26 create torque on the wheels 25. The wheels 25 are stationary on the shafts 6. The torques from several wheels 25 add up to using shafts 6 and couplings 7. Shafts 6 and couplings 7 transmit the total torque to the rotor of the generator 8.

Orientation relative to the wind can be achieved by expanding or folding fabric strips 16 on one side of the mast 1 and changing the position of the rudders 4 relative to the wind, by increasing or decreasing the resistance created by the rudders 4 and fabric strips 16 to the wind flows.

The ability to expand and collapse fabric strip 16 protects the wind generator from excessive wind loads.

Claims (1)

A wind generator, including a lattice mast with underwater and surface parts, in the underwater part of which there is a compartment for placing the rotor and stator, an anchor rope and an anchor, a pontoon, a casing with input and output windows, wheels with vanes placed in the surface of the mast in casings, fabric strips between casings and traverses, guide vanes located in casings, shafts and couplings, connecting wheels with blades and electric generator rotor into a single mechanical chain, traverses located simme tricycle on two opposite sides of the mast, between the traverses located on one side of the mast, fabric strips are installed, fabric strips separate the input windows from the output windows outside the casings, the output windows in the casings overlook the leeward side of the fabric strips, the input windows in the casings overlook the windward side tissue bands, the blades have an asymmetric profile.

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