RU138056U1 - LASER SPECTRAL FLUORESCENT COLOSCOPE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A colposcope, including a spectrometer, a video camera with light sources and spectral filtering, controlled by an electronic control unit, collecting and processing information, while a flexible fiber-optic probe is connected to said spectrometer and light sources, characterized in that the light sources are made in the form of LEDs at least one of said light sources emits light of the visible range of the spectrum, and at least another radiates at a wavelength of 0.407 μm, said light sources are blue ronizirovany exposure to cycles of said video camera, and emit only during the exposure cycle, and highly sensitive video camera further comprises fotokameru.2. The colposcope of claim 1, wherein said video camera has white and / or blue LEDs.

Description

This utility model relates to medicine and is intended for: obtaining high-quality images of the surface of biological tissues, in particular, the cervical mucosa, recorded in reflected light when irradiated with white light, as well as in light of tissue fluorescence caused by excited blue radiation with a wavelength of 350-420 nm region; for subsequent analysis of image data in order to determine the condition of the cervix; speed up the work of a colposcopist.

Existing methods for examining the whole and detecting precancerous conditions of the cervix (CM) are based on the technology of visual determination of such characteristics of the CM mucosa as color, surface roughness, size and shape of blood vessels, and require highly qualified gynecologist. For visual examination of CMM, gynecologists use colposcopes - devices based on a binocular microscope with 5-25 times the optical magnification. The reliability of colposcopy is reduced in the presence of infections in the early stages of cervical neoplasia and the predictive value largely depends on the qualifications of the gynecologist. The final diagnosis requires a biopsy, and the subjectivity of the assessment of the condition of the cervix by a gynecologist often leads to unjustified biopsies. In this regard, an important and urgent task is the development of new approaches and equipment that allow a more objective assessment of the condition of the mucous membrane of the cervix and non-invasively identify those changes that occur in the tissue and, in particular, with the development of the oncological process.

Thus, it is obvious that to improve the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy, a non-invasive and affordable method of early diagnosis is required, sensitive to changes in the metabolism and architectonics of the cervical mucosa that occur during the development of neoplasia at the molecular and cellular levels. Among these methods is the method of fluorescence analysis.

The high sensitivity of an autofluorescence study in identifying the pre-tumor and tumor pathology of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and bladder has been shown in many clinical studies. Registration of cervical fluorescence radiation due to visual accessibility and insignificant cervical area is simpler (does not require the use of an endoscope) and allows one to solve the problems of obtaining both fluorescence spectra from a surface point of interest and image formation of the entire CM surface in light of fluorescence.

Known gynecological video colposcope Dr. Camscope DCS-102 and DSCM-102 (htpp: //www.grand-sp.ru/index.php? ProductID = 16135), which allows you to conduct diagnostic tests and monitor treatment procedures and is used to diagnose various gynecological diseases, such like cervical erosion, various malignant neoplasms, etc. It allows the doctor and patient to see a video image of the disease before and after treatment, to receive video images. The saved visual reports can be used as unique documentation for clinical and scientific work, for holding consultations and consultations with specialists (including on the Internet).

This device, as can be seen from the description, is equipped with a video camera and can receive video images and color images of the cervix, but, like the models of all other companies, it is not equipped with the ability to register fluorescence studies of the cervix.

Closest to the proposed invention is a laser spectral-fluorescence colposcope comprising a spectrometer, a video camera with light sources and spectral filtering controlled by an electronic control unit for collecting and processing information, while a flexible fiber-optic probe is connected to the said spectrometer and light sources (see RU 104836 U1, publ. May 27, 2011).

The objective of the utility model is to increase the diagnostic accuracy of coloscopy and reduce the number of biopsies.

The problem is solved using a laser spectral-fluorescence colposcope, including a spectrometer, a video camera with light sources and spectral filtering controlled by an electronic control unit, collecting and processing information, while a flexible fiber-optic probe is connected to the spectrometer and light sources.

According to the invention, the light sources are made in the form of LEDs, at least one of the said light sources emits light of the visible range of the spectrum, and at least the other emits at a wavelength of 0.407 μm, the said light sources are synchronized with the exposure cycles of the said video camera and emit only during the cycle exposure, and the camcorder additionally contains a highly sensitive camera.

In particular, said video camera has white and / or blue LEDs.

Figure 1 shows a laser spectral fluorescence colposcope.

The colposcope contains a spectrometer (1), a highly sensitive video camera (4), LED light sources (5) controlled by an electronic unit (2) for collecting and processing information, a spectral filtering unit (6) controlled by a filter control unit (3), flexible fiber an optical probe (7) connected to the spectrometer (1), a colposcope control unit (8) connected to a monitor (9), spectrometer (1), blocks (2 and 3) and a video camera (4). Moreover, the cap is mounted on a 3D tripod (10).

The LED radiation sources (5) are made of at least one light source that emits light of the visible spectrum, and at least another light source that emits at a wavelength of 0.407 μm. These LED radiation sources (5) are synchronized with exposure cycles of said video camera (4) and emit only during the exposure cycle. Synchronization of LED radiation sources (5) is necessary to reduce the radiation dose (total radiation energy) received by patients during the examination.

Colposcope works as follows. The doctor enters the patient data into the electronic medical history. Set the colposcope 20 to 30 cm from the patient. They turn on the LED white light source, turn on the camera in the usual color TV mode, and observe the picture in the highlighted area of the test tissue on the colposcope monitor. The observed object is approximately ⌀40-50 mm in size. Moreover, the uneven illumination of the field along a diameter of 50 mm will not exceed 7%. If necessary, they additionally include optical and / or electronic magnification, and if there are suspicious areas, markers are installed on the image of their locations. Take pictures of the area of the investigated tissue. Moreover, the acquisition of images is carried out when the white LEDs are on. Optionally, filters such as green red, etc. can also be used. for the convenience of the doctor. In this way, one or more color images of the tissue region under investigation are obtained.

Next, register a fluorescence image as follows:

a) The space from the patient to the colposcope is closed with a light-protective casing (or the light is turned off in the office);

b) A light filter is installed in front of the camera, completely suppressing the emitting ultraviolet radiation;

c) The camera is transferred to a highly sensitive mode;

d) Turn off the white light and turn on the LED source emitting at a wavelength of 0.407 microns. The emitted light hits the object and makes it glow, while the initial emitted light is cut off by the filter in front of the camera, and the unevenness of the field illumination along a diameter of 50 mm will not exceed 15%;

d) Register the fluorescent image and display it on the screen;

f) Process a fluorescence image;

g) The processed (and / or unprocessed) fluorescence image (s) are displayed on a monitor screen;

h) The UV light turns off.

Turn on white light and the camera in normal color TV mode. Remove the filter and light shield. Fluorescence and conventional images are analyzed to determine at which points in the field the spectra should be measured.

Under the control of a color image on a second monitor, which is located directly in front of the doctor, the probe is brought to the studied area. Autofluorescence spectra are recorded. For a short measurement time of each spectrum, the white light is automatically turned off (the probe works similarly to step d).

The procedure for recording spectra is repeated at all points selected by the doctor.

The spectra are processed according to the developed algorithms, analyze their features and calculate diagnostic parameters.

Spectra and calculated parameters are displayed on the monitor screen.

The color still image, fluorescence image and spectra are recorded in an electronic medical history.

The doctor enters the necessary information into the electronic medical history.

A laser spectral-fluorescence colposcope can receive video images and color images of CMM, as well as CMM images in the light of autofluorescence. In autofluorescence images, the affected areas appear as blackout, and the abnormal vascular system is particularly clearly visible. This allows you to compare the color and autofluorescence images, to draw the contours of a special area (the alleged lesion area) on a color image. The distal end of the probe to the affected area can be brought under visual and hardware control. After bringing to the affected area, the spectrometer is switched to a stroboscopic spectrum measurement mode, which allows you to take a spectrum in real time with minimal exposure to ultraviolet radiation on living tissue and find the most characteristic areas of the spectrum in the affected area. The position of the probe during the acquisition of the spectrum is fixed in the picture.

The device can operate both in the “live” picture mode, that is, when the images are recorded over and over again either with accumulation or without accumulation of successive data arrays, and in the “frozen” picture mode.

An essential feature of a colposcope is the ability to immediately take images, in particular, fluorescence images. An important feature of a fluorescence colposcope is the parallel registration of conventional color images familiar to the gynecologist-colposcopist, which further enhances the diagnostic value of the manufactured device.

The use of this device will improve the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy, will reduce the number of biopsies and will contribute to the early detection of precancerous pathology and timely organ-preserving treatment, which is especially important for women of childbearing age.

Claims (2)

1. A colposcope, including a spectrometer, a video camera with light sources and spectral filtering, controlled by an electronic control unit, collecting and processing information, while a flexible fiber-optic probe is connected to said spectrometer and light sources, characterized in that the light sources are made in the form of LEDs at least one of said light sources emits light of the visible range of the spectrum, and at least another radiates at a wavelength of 0.407 μm, said light sources are blue ronizirovany exposure to cycles of said video camera, and emit only during the exposure cycle, and highly sensitive video camera further comprises a camera. 2. The colposcope of claim 1, wherein said video camera has white and / or blue light-emitting diodes.

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