RU134882U1 - Tambour Zone Heating System - Google Patents

Abstract

The rolling system heating system of the rolling stock, comprising an air conditioner, consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor, an electrical junction box divided into high and low voltage compartments, and a duct system including a ceiling supply air duct, drain channels and floor channels, characterized in that the drain channels are configured to impede the penetration of cold external air when opening the door leaves, in In the fast channels there are branches for supplying fresh air to each door leaf, from which fresh air is blown into the tambour area during floor heating, and additionally, recirculation air heaters are provided in the tambour area, while the recirculating air heaters are regulated regardless of the climate system, and the heating elements of the heaters are made with the possibility of activation depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is sucked.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular to the field of climatic installations for ventilation and air conditioning of the salons of medium and head cars of passenger railway transport, as well as in other types of public transport.

The prior art system of ventilation and heating in the vestibule of a passenger car (See JP 2006298028 A, B61D 27/00, publ. 12.11.2006) associated with the ventilation system of the whole car, containing an air conditioning system with a refrigeration machine, including compressor and condenser units, air cooler, dehumidifier, air heater, filters, ventilation unit and heating system.

The known ventilation and heating system is complex and has large mass and dimensional characteristics and does not allow for independent regulation of air parameters at individual points of the car.

Also known in the prior art is a universal air curtain (RU 2202077 C1, F24F 9/00, published April 10, 2003) containing a vestibule or a lock with double elastic walls moving along the guides, air risers in the opening of the vestibule and in the building gates, a fan with with an internal air curtain heater, an external air curtain fan, air ducts, and two air curtains are installed in the vestibule: at the entrance to the vestibule and in the adjoining zone of the vestibule to the building, for these curtains it uses exhaust ventilation air removed from the industrial building, inside of which The third air curtain with a fan and air heater was installed.

A significant drawback of the air curtain is the complexity and large dimensions.

The closest technical solution (prototype) to the proposed utility model is a system of forced ventilation of the wagon platform, periodic action (RU 77836 U1, B61D 27/00, published 10.11.2008), containing a forced ventilation system and dynamic ventilation (operating from the air flow during the movement of the car), while the vestibule is equipped with ventilation equipment with forced ventilation of periodic action, consisting of exhaust equipment, including a sensor mounted on a sweat An electric tambour is designed to automatically turn on / off the electric fan mounted on the ceiling of the tambour with an impeller and a flow part, which is connected to the flow part of a dynamic deflector by means of a ventilation channel, while the electric fan with an impeller is installed coaxially with the flow part of a dynamic deflector.

However, the disadvantages of the prototype include the fact that this technical solution is intended mainly for non-working vestibules of the car used for smoking, and does not reduce or completely prevent the entry of cold air into the vestibule under any climatic conditions.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to create comfortable conditions for passengers.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this utility model is to create comfortable conditions for passengers by providing effective ventilation of the vestibule and reducing or completely preventing the entry of cold air into the vestibule under adverse climatic conditions associated with low temperatures.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the heating system of the vestibule zone is connected with the air conditioning system of the salons of middle and head cars, while air conditioning is carried out by separate climate units. Climatic installations are established on a car roof. Inside, the supply air is blown through the central ceiling channel. The control of the exhaust air from the passenger compartment is carried out directly through the air conditioning system, the exhaust air is discharged outside the floor of the air conditioning system. Each air conditioner is equipped with an independent regulator. All climate controllers are connected to each other via the CAN bus. The climate controllers in the driver's cab communicate with the train control system via the MVB bus.

The rolling system heating system of the rolling stock contains an air conditioner, consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor, an electrical junction box, divided into high and low voltage compartments and a channel system that includes a ceiling duct for supply air, drain channels and floor channels. The drain channels are designed to impede the penetration of cold external air when the door leaves open, the drain channels have branches for supplying fresh air to each door leaf, from which in the area of the floor when the supply air is blown into the vestibule zone. In addition, an arrangement of recirculation air heaters is provided for in the vestibule zone, while the recirculation air heaters are regulated independently of the climate system, and the heating elements of the heaters are made with the possibility of activation through the rolling stock control system, depending on temperature, through the rolling stock control system.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing:

Figure 1 shows the cooling system of an air conditioning system.

In accordance with figure 1, the cooling system of the air conditioning system contains: 1 a, b - compressor, 2 a, b - check valve, 3 a, b - condenser fan, 4 a, b - condenser, 5 a, b - power valve 6 a, b - dehumidifier, filter, 7 a, b - sight glass of the refrigerant level, 8 a, b, c, d - solenoid valve bypass, 9 a, b - expansion valve, 10 a, b - distributor, 11 a , b - evaporator, 12 a, b - supply air fan, 16 a, b - low pressure switch, 22 a, b, c, d - measuring sockets, 25 - throttle, 31 a, b - pressure damper, 32 a, b - quencher -oscillations suction pipe, 36 a, b - High pressure sensor.

Each air conditioner consists of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor, an electrical junction box, divided into high and low voltage compartments and a duct system.

Each air conditioner has:

- 2 cooling circuits, each with screw compressor

- Electric heater 380 V, 2-stage

- Electric heater 3000 V,

- 2 air filters

- 2 supply air fans

- 2 exhaust fans

- condenser fan.

In air conditioning systems there is also a control and regulation system, as well as switches and contactors for components, while safety elements for heaters, as well as a contactor for 3000 V and its fuse are also located in the air conditioning system.

Climatic installations are motionlessly connected to a car roof by means of captures. Elimination of vibrations from compressors is carried out in an air conditioner. The case of the air conditioner is a welded riveted structure with a surface coating.

Electrical connections for 380 V supply, control voltage and CAN bus are carried out from inside the car via plugs on the right side of the unit.

Connection of 3000 V is carried out from the roof of the car through a threaded cable connection and bolts for connection.

The compressor includes 2 cooling circuits, each with a screw compressor, while the cooling power is regulated by hot gas bypass to each cooling circuit, the cooling circuit is protected from unacceptable refrigerant pressures because it contains a high pressure safety switch, a high pressure sensor and a low pressure switch . Condensers are made in the form of a plate heat exchanger (copper tubes / aluminum plates). The condenser fan is made in the form of an axial fan with 2 rotational speeds. Access to the structural components of the cooling circuit is ensured by a screw cap for compressor maintenance.

The device for processing air contains a sound and heat insulated housing. Recirculation air enters the air handling unit inside the unit. Outside air intake is carried out through 2 supply air grilles located vertically on the unit wall. There are 2 supply air valves and 2 recirculation air valves in the form of louvred shutters in the casing. Supply and recirculation air valves can be controlled independently of each other. The air handling unit also contains an EU3 mixed air filter. The evaporator of the air treatment device is made in the form of a plate heat exchanger (copper tubes / aluminum plates). Two cooling circuits are located in the evaporator one in the other. UV filters for disinfection are installed in front of the filter. Condensate outflow to the roof through the drain pipe in the evaporator tank. The supply air fans are designed as a centrifugal fan with an EC 110 V DC motor. External electronics are located in the electrical junction box. The supply air outlet is in the middle at the bottom of the unit.

Next to the air treatment device, there is one exhaust fan on each side. The exhaust air is discharged from the roof space through a common opening for recirculation / exhaust air in the floor of the installation.

Through another hole in the floor, an exhaust fan blows the exhaust air from the unit.

An electrical junction box is located next to the air handling unit of the air conditioner and is distributed in the high and low voltage compartments.

Electrical components and regulators are installed on the electrical panel.

Electrical switching devices and regulators are installed in a junction box. Correction of contactor control guarantees safety against overheating of motors and heaters and protection against unacceptable pressures in the cooling circuit of the installation.

A safety switch in individual consumer power circuits offers various overload protection options.

Each climate system in the cabin is equipped with a temperature controller. All temperature controllers are interconnected via the CAN bus. Temperature controllers are equipped with a service interface (RS 232). Using the service software, it is possible to implement monitoring functions, certain operating parameters, as well as troubleshooting on a laptop.

The set value of the temperature in the room of the train compartment as a function of the outside temperature is brought into line with the adjustment curve stored in the software memory.

The room temperature is measured by 2 temperature sensors in the train compartment.

A CO2 sensor measures the concentration of CO2 in a car. Depending on the concentration and the outside temperature, the amount of supply air is regulated.

A high voltage contactor and a high voltage fuse are located in the high voltage compartment. Access to electrical components is ensured by a maintenance cover located at the end.

The air handling unit has a hinged lid for filter maintenance. For cleaning the evaporator and heaters, there is respectively one separate screw cap.

Condensate outflow occurs directly from the evaporator tank to the air treatment device on the roof of the car.

The duct system includes a ceiling duct for supply air, downspouts and floor ducts. In the middle of the ceiling zone is the ceiling duct for the supply air. The channel is designed in three parts. Cold air in the channel runs through the center. On the sides are channels of warm air. From the channels of warm air there are drain channels along the door racks and end walls to the floor channels. Floor channels are located on the side wall under the seats. On the end walls, a channel of warm air leads into the transition zone. Details of the side wall have a double structure and are connected to floor channels. Part of the supply air from the floor channel can be directed to the side wall area, and then blown through the slot into the window pane.

In case of cooling, the supply air is blown out for approx. up to 80% through the perforated ceiling, the remaining 20% through the system of floor channels into the car.

In the case of heating, the supply air is blown through the system of floor and side channels in the car.

In the vestibule area on each leaf of the door, supply air is blown in the floor area. To do this, in the drain channel there is a branch to the vestibule zone. In general, the supply air in the case of heating is blown into the vestibule zone. On the one hand, the blow-in supply air must maintain a uniform room temperature, on the other hand, to prevent the penetration of cold external air when opening the doors.

To ensure the microclimate parameters specified in the vestibule zone, additionally, the arrangement of recirculation air heaters is provided in the vestibule zone. 2 recirculation air heaters can be placed in one vestibule.

Recirculation air heaters are regulated independently of the air conditioning system. The heating elements are activated depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is drawn in. Fans operate continuously, thereby immediately ensuring, if the doors open, the presence of air flow in the direction of the door.

Recirculation air heaters are switched on at an external temperature of + 5 ° C through the rolling stock control system.

Thus, the claimed technical solution can be used in railway transport to create comfortable conditions for passengers by ensuring effective ventilation of the vestibule.

Claims (1)

The rolling system heating system of the rolling stock, comprising an air conditioner, consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor, an electrical junction box divided into high and low voltage compartments, and a duct system including a ceiling supply air duct, drain channels and floor channels, characterized in that the drain channels are configured to obstruct the penetration of cold external air when opening the door leaves, in In the fast channels there are branches for supplying fresh air to each door leaf, from which fresh air is blown into the tambour area during floor heating, and additionally, recirculation air heaters are provided in the tambour area, while the recirculating air heaters are regulated regardless of the climate system, and the heating elements of the heaters are made with the possibility of activation depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is sucked.

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