RU134567U1 - BUILDING A PRESCHOOL INSTITUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The building of a preschool educational institution, including a central unit with a catering unit, a room for music lessons and a sports room, a unit of group cells, having a plan mainly of the shape of a rectangle with glazing and consisting of a bedroom, a game room, a dressing room, a pantry and a toilet room, medical premises, administrative and utility rooms, staircases, elevators, halls, roofing, characterized in that the central block and the blocks of group cells, interconnected into a single whole the corridors are made at a height of a maximum capacity of three floors, and the glazing of each of the group cells is located at least on three sides of the facade, while in the cells for accommodating groups of permanent residence, the bedroom with emergency exit is located along the width of the cell on part of it length and communicated with the game room located perpendicular to it, communicating directly with the cloakroom, toilet room and pantry, made with a vestibule and having a separate entrance, glazing of this cell it is filled with a continuous around the perimeter of the bedroom and the game room, and the toilet room and the dressing room are made with window openings, the staircases are individual for most of the group cell blocks and adjoin them, and the entrance of at least part of the staircases is located directly at the emergency exit of the bedroom or communicated with him through the corridor, the hall for music lessons and the gymnasium are separated by a transformable wall, while the art studio is located on the third floor of the central block

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and relates to the constructive implementation of the building of a preschool educational institution.

From the patent literature, the building of a preschool educational institution is known, which includes a central block two ground floors high and blocks of group rooms, having a plan mainly in the shape of a rectangle (see RF patent No. 126740, E04H 3/08, lake 12.2012).

In the well-known solution, on the first floor of the central block there are administrative and utility rooms together with premises of a catering block and a swimming pool, on the second floor there is a sports hall, a hall for music lessons, two recreations, as well as administrative and utility rooms. Group rooms consist of two group cells , each of which includes a games room, a bedroom, a dressing room, a pantry and sanitary rooms for children and educators.

The windows for insolation of the group cell are located in the plane of only one wall, additional windows for ensuring through or angular ventilation are designed so that three adjacent perimeter walls of the block are blank.

Vertical pedestrian communication between the floors of the central block and group rooms is carried out using two stairwells located in the end parts of the central block, and each group cell has its own separate two emergency exits to the street.

The disadvantages of the known solutions are as follows:

- a one-sided location of the glazing will not meet the sanitary requirements for the duration of insolation with the necessary rotation of the building in various urban conditions and thus the one-sided location of the glazing eliminates the possibility of many options for the location of group cells in various urban situations without violating sanitary requirements;

- excess area of dark corridors;

- the depth of group cells (6 m) that does not meet the standards without the possibility of organizing their ventilation;

- one-way orientation of group cells significantly limits urban planning maneuvering;

- perhaps with a larger building capacity, an adjustment will be necessary in terms of supplementing the building with a second elevator, which will entail a violation of the general concept of the building.

The proposed solution eliminates these disadvantages.

The technical result is an increase in operational reliability.

This is achieved by the fact that in the building of a preschool educational institution, which includes a central unit with a catering unit, a hall for music lessons and a sports room, a group of unit cells, which are mainly plan in the form of a rectangle with glazing and consisting of a bedroom, a game room, a dressing room, a pantry and toilet rooms, medical rooms, administrative and utility rooms, staircases, elevators, halls, roofing, central unit and group cell units combined into a single whole general corridors, made at a maximum capacity of three floors, and the glazing of each of the group cells is located at least on three sides of the facade, while in the cells for accommodating permanent groups there is an emergency exit bedroom located along the width of the cell on part of it length and communicated with the game room located perpendicular to it, communicating directly with the dressing room, toilet room and pantry, made with a vestibule and having a separate entrance, the glazing of this cell it is made continuous around the perimeter of the bedroom and the game room, and the toilet room and the dressing room are made with window openings, the staircases are made individual for most of the blocks of group cells and are adjacent to them, and the entrance to at least part of the staircases is located directly at the emergency exit of the bedroom or communicated with him through the corridor, the hall for music lessons and the gymnasium are separated by a transformable wall, while the isost Dia, administrative and business premises, and the second and third floors of the central unit in the elevator lobbies are formed having sealed zone fireproof doors, equipped with air overpressure system.

Short-stay groups, medical rooms, administrative and utility rooms are located on the first floors of group cell blocks, and permanent groups are located on the first, second, and third floors of group cell blocks.

The building can be either monolithic, or prefabricated, or precast-monolithic.

The roof of the building can be made of successive layers: a leveling cement-sand screed on a reinforced concrete coating, vapor barrier in the form of a modified bitumen-polymer material, expanded clay gravel, cement-sand screed with a wiped surface, insulation in the form of polystyrene foam slabs laid on a slope in two side-by-side, geotextiles in the form of thermally bonded spunbond reinforced with cement-sand screed with a rubbed surface, primed with bitumen primer, rolled carpet, top s layer which - with the elastic Technoelast grained shale crumb from polyester-based, the lower layer - uniflex ventilated elastic polyester-based using bitumen.

Each block of group cells can be made with an anti-aircraft lamp mounted on the roof.

This implementation of the building of a preschool educational institution allows to ensure the following:

- increasing the duration of insolation, which leads to energy savings and provides the ability to create many options for placing the building on the ground, even in dense urban areas;

- expanding the functionality of the building by expanding the number of medical rooms, group cells for short-stay groups, as well as specialized rooms, which can significantly increase the level of pedagogical and medical services for children and improve their health;

- the possibility of a comfortable stay in groups of both healthy children and children with disabilities;

- safe operation of the building with the help of a full range of fire-fighting measures, the absence of intersecting escape routes with functional rooms and the presence of fireproof zones equipped with an air supply system;

- the placement of anti-aircraft lights on the roof of the blocks of group cells provides additional natural light into the building;

- the availability of opportunities for changing the capacity of a preschool educational institution;

- the possibility of obtaining a large typological series using only two functional blocks with their various layouts, many modifications in the composition and set of groups of preschool educational institutions, depending on the needs of the city in a particular district of the city, as well as depending on the planning restrictions of the site;

- the autonomy of each group cell of the institution’s building is ensured with optimal functional connections within the block itself and convenient functional connection of all cells both with each other and with the other accompanying building blocks;

- in the block of group cells there are practically no corridors. Provides short convenient connections for children, saving time and saving money on the construction of the facility.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows the building of a preschool educational institution, a General view;

figure 2 is the same, plan 1 floor;

figure 3 - the same plan 2 floors:

figure 4 is the same, plan 3 floors;

figure 5 is a sectional diagram of a building;

Fig.6 is a section aa in Fig.5;

Fig.7 is a section bb in Fig.5;

Fig.8 is a plan of the roof.

Preschool educational institution with a maximum capacity is three stories high and contains a central unit 1 and blocks 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of group cells made in a rectangular shape close to square, located separately in parallel or at an angle relative to the central unit, and combined with the central block by common corridors 7. The number of blocks of group cells, the number and purpose of group cells in a block can vary.

On the ground floor of the central block 1 there is a food block 8 with functional rooms: hot and cold shops, meat-fish and vegetable shops, chilled chambers and associated rooms. On the second floor of the central block 1 there is a hall 9 for music classes and children's matinees with pantries and a music director’s office and a gym 10 with a trainer’s office and sanitary facilities. Halls 9 and 10 are separated by a transformable wall 11. On the third floor of the central block 1 there are art studios 12, teaching room 13, administrative and utility rooms.

In the halls 14 and 15 of the elevators 16 and 17 on the second and third floors of the central unit 1, fireproof zones having sealed doors 18 and 19 are formed, equipped with an air back-up system that is turned on during an emergency and allows, if necessary, to wait out an emergency, for example a fire.

On the first floor of block 2 there is a group of short stay, on the first floor of block 4 - administrative and utility rooms, on the first floor of block 6 - medical rooms.

The glazing of each of the group cells is located at least on three sides of the facade.

Permanent residence groups are located on the first floors of blocks 3 and 5 and on the second and third floors of all blocks 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Each of the cells of the permanent residence groups includes a bedroom 20, a games room 21, a dressing room 22, a pantry 23 with a vestibule 24 and a toilet 25, which has compartments for educators, healthy children and children with disabilities. In these cells, bedroom 20 is located along the width of the cell over part of its length and is connected to the game room 21 located perpendicular to it, communicating directly with the dressing room 22, the toilet room 25 and the pantry 23, which has a separate entrance 26.

The glazing of 27 cells of the permanent residence groups is made continuous around the perimeter of the bedroom 20 and the game room 21, and the toilet room 25 and the dressing room 22 are made with window openings 28.

Block 2 is provided with a ladder unit 29, block 3 - with a ladder unit 30, block 5 - with a ladder unit 31, and block 6 - with a ladder unit 32.

The staircases 30 and 31 of blocks 3 and 5 are adjacent directly to the bedrooms 20, made with emergency exit 33, located directly at the entrance 34 to the staircase 30 and at the entrance 35 of the staircase 31, which eliminates the intersection of flows during evacuation from group cells 3 and 5 and provides the shortest path during evacuation in emergency situations.

On the first floor of block 2, where the cell of the short-term stay group is located, there is a playroom 36 connected to the adjoining dressing room 37, which has a separate entrance 38, a pantry 39 and a toilet room 40, also containing compartments for educators, a healthy contingent of children and children with disabilities. In the cell on the ground floor there is only a bedroom. The cell also has a wardrobe 41 for parents and a pantry 42, separated from the premises for children by the lobby 43 and vestibules 44 and 45, which form a system with several exits to the street, into a common corridor 7 and into stairwell 29. Part of the premises of this cell 2 has a continuous glazing, and part is made with window openings, which provides natural lighting on all four sides of the cell. On the second and third floors of block 2 there are cells of the permanent residence group with the same set and arrangement of the necessary rooms as in blocks 3 and 5. The exit from the dressing room 22, the pantry 23 and the bedroom 20 is carried out into the corridor 46 with window openings 47, adjacent to the staircase 29.

Block 4 group cells provides accommodation on the ground floor of administrative 48, utility rooms 49 and sanitary facilities 50 for staff. On the second and third floors of the block there are cells of the permanent residence group with a full set and the same arrangement of the necessary rooms as cells 3 and 5. Evacuation of the group from block 4 in emergency situations can be carried out by the stair nodes 30 and 31 of blocks 3 and 5.

On the first floor of block 6, there are medical rooms, including a receiving room 51, treatment room 52, wards 53, doctors' rooms 54, utility rooms 55 and sanitary facilities 56, which are interconnected. On the second and third floors there are cells of the permanent residence group with the same set and the location of the necessary rooms, as in blocks 3 and 5. The exit from the dressing room 22, the pantry 23 and the bedroom 20 is carried out in the corridor 57 with window openings 58, to which the staircase 32 adjoins.

Each block of group cells is made with an anti-aircraft lamp 59 mounted on the roof and providing additional natural light.

The roof of the building is made up of successive layers: a leveling cement-sand screed 60 on reinforced concrete floor slabs 51, a vapor barrier layer 62 from a modified bitumen-polymer material, a layer of expanded clay gravel 63, a cement-sand screed 64 with a worn surface, insulation 65 from polystyrene foam plates, stacked on a slope in two rows apart, a layer of geotextile 66 in the form of a thermally bonded spunbond reinforced with cement-sand screed 67 with a rubbed surface, a layer 68 of a primer primer and two layers Oyov 69 roll carpet, the top layer of which is elastic technoelast with a sprinkling of shale crumb on the basis of polyester, the bottom is a uniflex ventilated elastic on a polyester basis using a bitumen binder.

The building can be made monolithic, prefabricated or precast-monolithic.

The capacity of the building of a preschool educational institution can be from 50 to 350 places, depending on the layout options of group cells.

Claims (5)

1. The building of a preschool educational institution, including a central unit with a catering unit, a room for music lessons and a sports room, a unit of group cells, having a plan mainly of the shape of a rectangle with glazing and consisting of a bedroom, a game room, a dressing room, a pantry and a toilet room, medical premises, administrative and utility rooms, staircases, elevators, halls, roofing, characterized in that the central block and the blocks of group cells, interconnected into a single whole the corridors are made at a height of a maximum capacity of three floors, and the glazing of each of the group cells is located at least on three sides of the facade, while in the cells for accommodating groups of permanent residence, the bedroom with emergency exit is located along the width of the cell on part of it length and communicated with the game room located perpendicular to it, communicating directly with the cloakroom, toilet room and pantry, made with a vestibule and having a separate entrance, glazing of this cell it is filled with a continuous around the perimeter of the bedroom and the game room, and the toilet room and the dressing room are made with window openings, the staircases are individual for most of the group cell blocks and adjoin them, and the entrance of at least part of the staircases is located directly at the emergency exit of the bedroom or communicated with him through the corridor, the hall for music lessons and the gymnasium are separated by a transformable wall, while the art studio is located on the third floor of the central block , administrative and utility rooms, and on the second and third floors of the central block in the halls of elevators, fireproof zones equipped with airtight doors equipped with an air supply system are formed. 2. The building of a preschool educational institution according to claim 1, characterized in that on the first floors of the group cell blocks there are short-term stay groups, medical rooms, administrative and utility rooms, and permanent stay groups are located on the first, second and third floors of the group cell blocks. 3. The building of a preschool educational institution according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is either monolithic, or prefabricated, or precast-monolithic. 4. The building of a preschool educational institution according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the roof is made of successive layers: a leveling cement-sand screed on a reinforced concrete coating, vapor barrier in the form of a modified bitumen-polymer material, expanded clay gravel, cement-sand screed with worn surface, insulation in the form of polystyrene foam slabs laid in two rows apart, geotextiles in the form of heat-bonded spunbond, reinforced cement-sand screed with worn ited, priming bituminous primer, carpet roll, the upper layer of which - with the elastic Technoelast grained shale crumb from polyester-based, the lower layer - uniflex ventilated elastic polyester-based using bitumen. 5. The building of a preschool educational institution according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each block of group cells is made with an anti-aircraft lamp installed on the roof.

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