RU12618U1 - AUTOMATED OIL COMPOUND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An automated oil compounding process control system comprising a unit for measuring quality indicators of a mixed oil stream supplied to a common line obtained by mixing a sour oil stream with a sulphurous oil stream flowing through pipelines to a mixing tank, a flow control device, a control unit, the control output of which is interconnected with the flow control device, and the information inputs are with the unit for measuring the quality indicators of the mixed oil flow, from characterized in that it contains at least one unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour crude oil, a flow meter for the flow of sour oil and a flow meter for the flow of oil supplied to the common highway, while the outputs of the unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter for sour crude oil, a meter for flow rate of sour crude and meters of oil flow rate supplied to the common line are interconnected with the corresponding information inputs of the control unit, the block of measuring quality indicators Twa oil stream fed to the common rail is provided with a sulfur concentration sensor, a flow control device designed to control the pressure and flow rate of sour crude oil and is equipped with pressure regulators and raskhoda.2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sulfur analyzer is used as a sulfur concentration sensor. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a radioactive isotope spectrometer is used as a sulfur analyzer. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the measurement unit �

Description

Automated oil compounding process control system

The proposal relates to automation and can be used in pipeline transport for pumping oil from several pipelines to a common highway through which a mixture of oils is transported to the consumer. The system is designed to control and regulate the camouflage process - mixing several oil streams in order to provide the necessary quality characteristics of a mixed oil stream.

Oils of various fields differ in chemical and physical composition. In terms of chemical composition, all oils are quite close to each other and consist of two main elements - carbon and hydrogen, which account for 97-99% of the total composition. The oil content of other elements of sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen - usually does not exceed 1-2%, and only as an exception reaches 3-5% mainly due to sulfur, which is present in oil in the form of organic compounds sulfides, mercaptans, etc. and partially - in a free state. According to the sulfur content, oil is divided into three classes: low-sulfur (sulfur content from O to 0.5%), sulfur (sulfur content from 0.51 to 2%) and high-sulfur (sulfur more than 2%) (N.M.Baykov et al. .. Collection, transport and preparation of oil, Moscow, Nedra, 1975, pp. 14-16). Sulfur content in oil

IPC b: G 05 D 11/02

compounds worsens the quality of oil and causes serious complications in the processes of production, oil refining due to corrosion of the internal surfaces of oil pipelines and other equipment.

One of their important physical characteristics of oil is its density. As a rule, oil is lighter than water, its density is from 0.750 to 0.940 water. However, there are oils with a density of more than 1 t / m and less than 0.750 t / m. Oils with a density of less than 0.900 t / m are classified as light, and more than 0.900 t / m are classified as heavy. The sulfur content in light oils is relatively low.

Physico-chemical characteristics of oil, including the percentage of sulfur, oil density determine its quality. According to existing standards, when exporting oil, the mass fraction of sulfur content in oil sold to the consumer should not be more than 1.8%, and the density should be no more than O, 865 t / m.

The cost of goods delivered and the profits of oil refineries - suppliers of products are directly dependent on the quality indicators and the quantity (volume) of oil accepted for refining and the oil mixture delivered to the consumer. For example, an overdose of pumping sour crude oil into a sulphurous oil stream during the mixing of these streams leads to a deterioration in the quality of the mixture, and the supply to the consumer of a mixture of oil with a lower sulfur content than specified in the contract between the supplier and the consumer leads to a decrease in the amount of sour crude pumped , which affects the value of the supplier’s revenue for compounding services.

In case of tankless oil delivery, accounting for the amount pumped through oil pipelines is determined by the readings of the flow meter. Data on the physico-chemical composition of the oil is obtained on the basis of laboratory analysis of the average oil sample taken by the sampler in the stream. (N.M.Baikov et al., Collection, transport and preparation of oil, Moscow, Nedra, 1975, p. 255257).

To ensure the maintenance of the specified quality indicators and the quantity of products handed over to the consumer at the refinery, automated control systems are used.

A known system for regulating the ratio of costs of petroleum products, in which the regulation of the process of mixing the flows of petroleum products flowing through the pipelines to the buffer tanks, where they are selected for mixing. The required ratio of the content of each of the flows in the mixture is regulated by regulatory bodies controlled by flow rate regulators connected to the outputs of the flow sensors installed on each of the lines before and after the buffer tanks in which the petroleum products are mixed (SU, 570029, G-05 D 11 / 02, 11.23.77). In the known device, the process of mixing high-sulfur straight-run diesel fuel containing 1.2% sulfur is carried out with a stream of hydrotreated diesel fuel with a sulfur content of 0.1% to obtain a mixture with a sulfur content of not more than 0.2%.

Regulation is carried out according to the ratio of flow rates entering the mixing.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of control of the pressure in the flows entering the mixing, as well as the control of the percentage of sulfur and density in the mixed stream, which, in the case of an increase in the percentage of sulfur in one and / or another stream, does not allow to provide the specified quality indicators of the compound stream delivered to the consumer. The system does not record the amount of mixed products and the amount of the mixture.

A well-known automated system for controlling the flow of liquid obtained by mixing the flows of petroleum products flowing through pipelines to a mixing tank, comprising a flow control device, a control unit, the control output of which is interconnected with the flow control device, a unit for measuring the quality of oil flow supplied to a common highway interconnected with the information inputs of the control unit, the control signal of the control unit is designed to control the flow of mixture aemyh streams (GB, 1073951, G 05 D 11/02, 28.06.67). The specified system is selected as the closest analogue. The known system allows you to control such quality indicators as viscosity, weight of the mixed oil stream by adjusting the ratio of the flow rate of the mixed flows entering the mixing tank. However, this system does not provide control of the density and concentration of sulfur in the mixed stream. In a known system

the quantity of mixed products and the amount of the mixture are not recorded.

The technical result of the proposal is to maintain the specified quality indicators of the compounded oil by continuously monitoring the quality indicators of this flow and regulating the flow rate of the high sulfur oil, to control the pressure in the oil pipeline with sour oil entering the common line in order to maintain pressure in this pipeline higher than the pressure corresponding to the mode of evaporation - the threshold of cavitation, ensuring accounting for the amount of oil sent to consumption Yeh-lii on the total amount of backbone and sour crude.

The purpose of regulating the compounding process is to obtain a product with the desired physicochemical properties. The process is regulated both by an indirect indicator of the quality of the mixed flow — pressure, and by direct quality indicators — the physicochemical properties of the product, the concentration of sulfur in it and its density.

The technical result is achieved in that an automated oil compounding process control system comprising a unit for measuring quality indicators of a mixed oil stream supplied to a common line obtained by mixing a sour oil stream with a sulphurous oil stream flowing through pipelines to a mixing tank, a flow control device , control unit, control output

which is interconnected with a flow control device, and the information inputs - with a unit for measuring the quality indicators of the mixed oil stream, additionally contains at least one unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour crude oil, a meter for flow rate of sour crude oil and a meter for flow rate of oil flow supplied to the common line, at the same time, the outputs of the unit for measuring indicators of the quality of the flow of sour oil, the meter for the flow rate of the sour oil and the meter for the flow of oil Supplied to the common line, interconnected with the respective information inputs of the control unit, the measurement of indicators of flow of oil quality, fed to the common rail is provided with a sensor sulfur concentration, the flow control device designed to control the pressure and sour crude oil flow rate and is provided with pressure regulators and flow.

A sulfur analyzer, for example, a radioactive isotope spectrometer, can be used as a sulfur concentration sensor.

As a mixing tank, it is advisable to use the receiving manifold of the booster pump oil pipeline with sulphurous oil.

The sour oil flow parameter measurement unit may be equipped with a pressure sensor.

A device for controlling the flow of sour oil may be electric or electro-hydraulic, in which

the flow regulator is made in the form of an executive body that controls the electric or electric damper.

For prompt notification of dispatching station personnel about deviations detected by the unit for measuring the quality indicators of the oil flow supplied to the common line, and / or the unit for measuring the indicators of the flow parameter of sour crude oil, the measured indicators of these flows from the set values, a light or sound alarm can be provided in the control unit .

In order to provide the compounded oil flow density index to predetermined values, the measuring unit of the oil flow quality indicators supplied to the common line may be equipped with a density meter.

To account for the amount of sour crude oil and oil supplied to the common highway, the system comprises a computing device interconnected with a flow meter of high sulfur oil and a flow meter of oil flow supplied to the common highway.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an automated oil compounding process control system.

The system contains a unit 4 for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour crude oil entering through pipeline 1 into a container b for mixing with the flow of sulfur dioxide flowing in through pipeline 2, a device 3 for controlling the flow rate of sour crude oil, equipped with pressure and flow controllers (not shown in the drawing) , sour crude oil flow meter 5, oil flow meter 7.

fed into the common highway 11, block 8 measuring indicators of the quality of the oil flow supplied to the common highway 11 from the tank b, the control unit 9, information inputs. which are interconnected with blocks 4 and 8, and the control output is connected to the device 3, computing device 10, interconnected with meter 5 and 7. Block 4 measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour oil is equipped with a pressure sensor (not shown). Block 8 measuring the quality indicators of the oil flow supplied to the common highway 11 is equipped with a sulfur concentration sensor and a density sensor (not shown in the drawing). In blocks 4 and 8, measured by the sensors that make up these blocks, the values are processed, fed to the corresponding information inputs of the control unit 9.

In block 8, a sulfur analyzer, for example, a radioactive isotope spectrometer (Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Series 1, Automation and Equipment in the Oil and Gas Industry, Moscow, TsBTI, 1961, p.186), in which the content sulfur in oil is found by measuring the degree

absorption of the oil product of the soft γ-radiation of the Fe55 isotope, which is absorbed by sulfur much more strongly than hydrocarbon and hydrogen, which make up the bulk of the oil product. The emitted rays passing through the stream are registered by a special counter. The radiation source of such a spectrometer contains a small amount of a radioactive isotope that can act up to three years before decay.

The flow rate controller of the device 3 flow is electric or electro-hydraulic and contains an actuator (not shown in the drawing) that controls the signal from the control unit 9 of the damper actuators (not shown in the drawing), thereby changing the flow rate of the liquid in the pipeline 1, high precision automatic flow rate control, the response time of the executive body should be minimal.

The control unit 9 is located in a local control room, is based on controllers, is equipped with a monitor, on the screen of which the operator can observe a diagram of the values of adjustable parameters: the value of sulfur concentration and / or density in the mixture stream entering the general highway 11, the oil flow pressure pipeline 1. Block 9 is made on the basis of controllers, contains memory cells (not shown in the drawing), which store data on the specified required values of the biased flow quality indicators, means for comparing I data (not shown in the drawing) coming from blocks 4 and 8, with data stored in memory cells, a calculator (not shown) of the ratio of the flow rate of sour oil to the flow rate of the displaced oil, meter 5, 7, associated with the tool for comparing data and equipped with memory cells (not shown in the drawing) for storing data on the ratio of flow rates at which the quality of the mixture corresponds to the required values. In block 9, light and / or sound alarms are provided to notify the dispatching station personnel about the detected

block 8 and block 4 exceeding the specified limit values, respectively, of the sulfur concentration and / or density in the common line 11 and the pressure in the pipeline 1.

Computing device 10 is designed to calculate the amount of sour crude oil and oil sent to the consumer.

The control unit 9 and the computing device 10 can be combined into a single device - a computer.

The system operates as follows.

Sour and sulphurous oil streams respectively flow through pipeline 1 and 2 to a displacement tank 6, for example, a receiving manifold of a booster pump oil pipeline with sulphurous oil, where they are mixed, after which a displaced oil stream is supplied to a common line 11 for further transportation to the consumer. In the process of displacement, the pressure sensor, which is part of block 4, measures the pressure of the sour oil stream in pipeline 1, and the sensors of sulfur concentration and flux density, which are part of block 8, continuously measure the percentage of sulfur in the mixed stream and the density of this stream. The measurement results from the outputs of blocks 4 and 8 are supplied to the control unit 9, where they are compared with predetermined limit values (in the mixed stream, the sulfur content is not more than 1.8%, the density is not more than O, 865 t / m, the pressure in the flow is high sour oil should be higher than the pressure corresponding to the evaporation mode - the cavitation threshold) stored in the corresponding memory cell (in the drawing

shown) of block 9. At the same time, block 9 receives signals from meter 5 and meter 7 about the flow rate of sour crude oil in the pipeline 1 and meter 7 of the mixed oil flow in the common highway 11, in block 9 based on the data received from the meters 5, 7, the ratio of the flow rate of sour crude oil to the flow rate of mixed oil is calculated at set time intervals, the calculated data at which the quality of the mixture corresponds to the required values is stored.

In the case when, during the mixing process, the qualitative indicators of the flow of high-sulfur oil and / or mixed oil, i.e. the pressure values in the pipeline 1, the values of the sulfur concentration in the mixed stream, the density of the mixed stream exceed the maximum permissible values, the control unit 9 controls the compounding process.

When reducing the pressure in the pipeline 1, the control unit 9 by applying a control signal acts on the pressure regulator of the device 3, which changes the pressure of the flow of sour crude oil. The specified effect is produced by block 9, using the values measured by the pressure sensor of block 4, until the pressure in the pipeline 1 is established above the value corresponding to the evaporation mode — the cavitation threshold.

control acts on the flow regulator of the device 3 regulating the flow of sour crude oil by supplying a control signal to its actuator, regulating the position of the shutters, reducing the flow rate of oil in the pipeline 1, Changing the flow rate in the pipeline 1 leads to a change in the concentration of sulfur in the mixed flow of oil entering the common highway 11, which is detected by the sulfur sensor of block 8, which carries out continuous monitoring of the composition of the flow in the common highway 11. The measurement results from the output of block 8 odayutsya the control unit 9, where they are compared with predetermined limit values. The control process is carried out by the control unit 9 until the percentage of sulfur in the displaced stream reaches a predetermined value.

Similarly, the process of regulating the composition of the oil supplied to the common highway 11 is carried out according to the set value of the oil density, measured by the density sensor, which is part of block 8.

In the compounding process, situations arise when there is a change in flow rates in pipelines 1 and 2, which is associated with the performance of pumping oil coming to an offset through these pipelines. In the case when the quality of the mixed stream satisfies the required indicators, i.e. the percentage of sulfur and the density of this flow correspond to the specified values, the system provides for the regulation of the mixing process by indicators

ratio of flow rates of sour crude oil and mixed flow.

The first situation: at a constant flow rate of oil in pipeline 1, oil consumption in line 11 increased. This indicates that the amount in the mixture of sulfur dioxide has increased, and the mixture will have a margin of quality. Situation two: the oil flow rate in pipeline 1 decreased, and the flow rate in line 11 remained unchanged, i.e. the mixture will also have a margin of quality. In both cases, the presence of a stock of quality indicators for mixed oil allows you to change the performance of pumping high sulfur oil, which will, in turn, increase revenue for compounding oils, which depends on the quality and quantity of the mixed oil, as well as on the amount of sour oil received for mixing. This is achieved by controlling the flow rate of the flow of sour crude oil into the mixing tank b by means of unit 9, which, acting on the flow rate controller of the device 3, increases (in the first situation) or decreases (in the second situation) the flow rate of oil in the pipeline 1. When To carry out this regulation, the data stored in the memory cells of unit 9 are used on the ratio of flow rates at which the quality of the mixture (sulfur concentration and density) corresponds to the required values (sulfur is not large its 1.8%, density - no more than O, 865 t / m). A decrease or increase in flow rate in the pipe 1 is produced until

while the ratio of the flow rate in the line 11 will not correspond to the values stored in the memory cells of block 9.

The computing device 10 processes the data on the flow rate in the pipeline 1 coming from block 5, and the data on the flow rate in the common highway 11 coming from block 7, and on the basis of this, revenue is calculated for compounding services.

The claimed system allows controlling the composition of the oil flow supplied to the consumer, regulating the compounding process of oil flows, the composition of which differs in terms of density and sulfur concentration, ensuring that the specified quality indicators of the compounded oil are maintained, and keeping track of the amount of sour oil and the amount of oil sent to the consumer.

Claims (10)

1. An automated oil compounding process control system comprising a unit for measuring quality indicators of a mixed oil stream supplied to a common line obtained by mixing a sour oil stream with a sulphurous oil stream flowing through pipelines to a mixing tank, a flow control device, a control unit, the control output of which is interconnected with the flow control device, and the information inputs are with the unit for measuring the quality indicators of the mixed oil flow, from characterized in that it contains at least one unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour crude oil, a flow meter for the flow of sour oil and a flow meter for the flow of oil supplied to the common highway, while the outputs of the unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter for sour crude oil, a meter for flow rate of sour crude and meters of oil flow rate supplied to the common line are interconnected with the corresponding information inputs of the control unit, the block of measuring quality indicators Twa oil stream fed to the common rail is provided with a sulfur concentration sensor, a flow control device designed to control the pressure and flow rate of sour crude oil and provided with pressure and flow regulators.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sulfur analyzer is used as a sulfur concentration sensor.  3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a sulfur analyzer use a spectrometer on radioactive isotopes.  4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the unit for measuring the parameters of the flow parameter of sour crude oil is equipped with a pressure sensor.  5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving manifold of the retaining pump oil pipeline with sulphurous oil is used as a mixing tank.  6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device for regulating the flow is made electric or electro-hydraulic.  7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow controller of the device for regulating the flow contains an actuator that controls the electric or electric damper.  8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the unit for measuring the quality indicators of the oil flow supplied to the common highway is equipped with a density meter.  9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control unit provides light or sound alarms to notify personnel of deviations detected by the unit for measuring the quality of oil flow supplied to the common highway and / or the unit for measuring parameter indicators sour crude oil flow, measured values of said flows from predetermined values. 10. The system according to any one of paragraphs.1 to 9, characterized in that it contains a computing device interconnected with a meter for the flow of sour crude oil and a meter for the flow of oil supplied to the common highway.