RU115357U1 - DEVICE CONTROL PROCESS FOR ALLOYING NANOSTRUCTURED HEAT RESISTANT STEELS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for controlling the alloying process in the smelting of nanostructured heat-resistant steels, containing sensors for the parameters of the steelmaking process in an arc steelmaking furnace and a ladle-furnace unit, an electronic computer and actuators in the form of automatic devices for introducing slag, deoxidizers and alloying additives into an arc steelmaking furnace and into a ladle furnace, characterized in that it is equipped with a random access memory and a read-only memory, and as said sensors, melt temperature sensors and a block of sensors for the chemical composition of steel in an arc steel furnace and in a ladle furnace, as well as a time sensor are used , while the random access memory and read-only memory are connected to the electronic computer through the information input ports of the address bus and data, the first information input port being connected to the outputs of the melt temperature sensors, the second information input port - to the first the output of the unit of sensors of chemical composition, and the third port of information input - with the output of the time sensor, while the actuators are connected to the electronic computer through the ports of the output of commands of the address bus and data. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic computer is equipped with a keyboard unit and an indication unit connected to the address and data bus.

Description

The utility model relates in the field of metallurgy to devices for controlling the process of alloying heat-resistant steels, in particular, to controlling the process of alloying to obtain nanostructured heat-resistant steels.

The objective of the technology for producing nanostructured heat-resistant steels for devices in the nuclear industry is to ensure the formation of a fine-crystalline structure with as many strengthening metal nanophases as possible (carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, intermetallic compounds) and a minimum amount of sulfur, phosphorus, and non-metallic inclusions. To solve this problem, it is necessary to provide the required parameters of steel alloying both at the stage of smelting in an arc steel-smelting furnace and at the stage of finding steel in a ladle-furnace assembly, technologically connected with an arc steel-smelting furnace.

A device for controlling the electric control mode of an electric arc furnace, including electrical parameters sensors, a comparison unit, an adaptive automatic mode setting unit, an adaptive gain changing unit, a power amplifier, actuators, an electric mode control program unit. The sensors are connected to the input of the unit by a measuring unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the comparison unit. One input of the adaptive gain changing unit is connected to the output of the comparison unit, the second input is connected to the output of the three-phase rectifier of the adaptive automatic mode setting unit, and the output through the power amplifier is connected to the actuator for moving the electrodes.

(RU 95112317 A1, Н05В 7/148, F27D 19/00, published July 27, 1996)

However, the known electric mode control device cannot ensure compliance with all parameters of the alloying process of multicomponent nanostructured heat-resistant steels for nuclear equipment.

A device is known for determining the amount of the alloying component of an iron-based alloy added in real time to the melt, including temperature sensors, a memory device into which calibration data is entered, and a computer that processes data from the sensors and determines the amount of alloying component to be added to melt using actuators.

(RU 2001119985 A, C223C 33/08, G01N 25/02, published 06/27/2003)

However, using only the readings of temperature sensors and calibration curves of heat release in the melt does not provide accurate and high-quality control of the alloying process of multicomponent nanostructured heat-resistant steels for nuclear equipment.

The objective of the utility model and its technical result is to create a control device for the alloying process of multicomponent nanostructured heat-resistant steels in an arc steelmaking furnace and in a ladle-furnace assembly, which provides control of all the main process parameters, including control of the chemical composition of the melt, and prompt decision-making during the process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the control device for the alloying process of nanostructured heat-resistant steels includes sensors of the parameters of the steelmaking process, an electronic computer and actuators, moreover, the sensors are equipped with temperature sensors 6 of the melt and a sensor unit 7 of the chemical composition of steel in an arc steel furnace and in the ladle furnace, and also optionally with a time sensor 8, random access memory 2 and read-only memory 3, with connected to the electronic computer 1 through the data input ports of the address and data bus 12, the first information input port 9 being connected to the outputs of the temperature sensors 6, the second information input port 10 to the first output of the sensor unit 7 of chemical composition, and the third input port 11 information - with the output of the time sensor 8, while the actuators are connected to the electronic computer 1 through the output ports of the commands 13, 14, 15 of the address and data bus 12.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the electronic computer is additionally equipped with a keyboard unit 4 and an indication unit 5 connected to the address and data bus 12, and as actuators, the device is equipped with automatic input devices for slag 16, input deoxidizing agents 17 and input alloying additives 18 in an arc steelmaking furnace and in a ladle furnace

The operation of the control device according to the utility model can be illustrated by example and Figure 1, where:

1 - electronic computer (computer);

2 - random access memory (RAM);

3 - read-only memory (ROM);

4 - keyboard block;

5 - display unit;

6 - temperature sensors of molten steel in an arc furnace and a ladle furnace;

7 is a block of sensors of the chemical composition of steel in an arc furnace and a ladle furnace;

8 - time sensor;

9, 10, 11 - information input ports;

12 - bus address and data;

13, 14, 15 - ports for outputting commands to actuators;

16 - actuator input components of the slag;

16 - actuator feed deoxidizers;

17 is an actuator for adding additives.

Infrared thermometers with a laser pointer and an operating temperature range of 400-1500 ° C can be used as a temperature sensor for the molten steel in the DSP-2 arc furnace and the AKP ladle furnace. An optical emission spectrometer (analysis for the content of silicon, manganese, phosphorus, chromium, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, vanadium, and others) can be used as sensors for the chemical composition of the molten steel (Fig. 1) in the DSP-2 arc furnace and the ACP ladle furnace. molybdenum and niobium), gas analyzer (analysis for nitrogen and oxygen), carbon and sulfur analyzer, atomic absorption spectrometer (analysis for aluminum and silicon). In the device according to the utility model, all sensors are combined into a block 7 of sensors for the chemical composition of the steel melt. As actuators (slag input, input deoxidizing agents input dopants) standard automatic loading devices of the chipboard-2 furnace and the ladle furnace AKP can be used.

Single-crystal computer 1 is designed to control all elements of the electrical circuit of the device. Using computers, algorithms for chemical analysis, temperature measurement, slag input, deoxidizers and alloying components, slag removal, etc. are implemented, keyboard polling, display control, and maintenance of serial input-output interfaces are performed. In particular, a computer may be an INTEL 80C51 LSI family with a clock frequency of 12-14 MHz.

Permanent memory device 3 - ROM is designed to store in memory data on the required content in the steel of alloying elements, sulfur, phosphorus and harmful impurities, as well as computer commands and is a standard LSI family INTEL 27C512 with a capacity of 64 kbytes.

Random access memory 2 - RAM is designed to store information related to the operating mode of the furnace and ladle furnace (melting modes, slag composition, steel composition, melt temperature in an arc furnace before being released into the automatic gearbox, metal temperature in the automatic gearbox before casting) and operational information associated with the reception of data from temperature sensors 6 and sensors of the chemical composition of the melt block 7. RAM is connected to the system bus 12 of the address and control of the computer and is a standard LSI family INTEL 6264 with a capacity of 8 kbytes.

Three input ports 9, 10, 11 of information connected to the computer by bus 12 and temperature sensors 6, time 8 and the chemical composition of unit 7 are designed to organize an 8-bit input port for inputting logic level signals and are a parallel bit register.

Three information output ports (13, 14, 15), designed to organize an 8-bit port for outputting commands (signals) for actuators, are also connected to the system bus 12 of the computer's address and control and are a parallel bit register.

The keyboard unit 4 is designed to start a computer and manually issue commands, as well as the display unit 5, which is a text liquid crystal indicator, is also connected to the bus 12.

The technological processes associated with alloying in the smelting of heat-resistant chromium steels have been studied in sufficient detail. To ensure the production of nanostructured steel with reinforcing metal nanophases (carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, intermetallides) evenly distributed in the bulk of the ingot, it is necessary to precisely maintain the required ratios between alloying components in nickel, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, honey, chromium alloys of heat-resistant steel. , rare earth metals, boron, and also provide a minimum content of sulfur, phosphorus and other harmful impurities.

When loading the mixture into the DSP-2 steelmaking arc furnace, its own waste and carbon scrap, pure by non-ferrous metal impurities, are used.

During the oxidation period of the furnace operation, the device according to a utility model monitors the temperature in an arc furnace using a temperature sensor 6 connected to port 9, and the content of alloying components and impurities using a time sensor 8, the output of which is connected to the third information input port 11, and sensors the chemical composition of block 7, which is connected to the input port of information 10. All ports through the bus 12 of the address and data are connected to computers and RAM and ROM devices. The information obtained is processed in a computer taking into account information in RAM and ROM and a command is issued to actuators (input devices by the slag input mechanism 16, deoxidizers input 17 and alloy additives 18 enter the arc steelmaking furnace and the ladle furnace) 16-18 for introducing additives (slag, soda, etc.) that reduce the content of oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and carbon. For example, at the end of the oxidation period, the carbon content in the melt should be less than 0.10%, phosphorus content less than 0.006 wt.%, Sulfur less than 0.015 wt.%, Which is controlled by the device according to the utility model. If these conditions are not met, a command is issued through the computer and output port 13, for example, to increase the duration of the oxidation period — to continue the action of the corresponding actuators. In this case, the slag during refining is deoxidized with ground silicocalcium and aluminum powder.

At the end of the oxidation period, under the control of the device, according to the utility model, the oxidative slag is discharged, and the melt using actuators is deoxidized with aluminum, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese. In the recovery period, ferrotitanium, ferrochrome, ferroniobium are also added using executive automatic input devices of deoxidizers 17 and alloying additives 18.

Before the melt is released into the ACP ladle furnace, the metal is completely cleaned of slag, and the temperature in the range of 1600-1620 ° C is controlled by temperature sensors 6.

Similarly, control the parameters of the process of processing the melt in the ladle furnace AKP and enter the required alloying components using actuating automatic devices.

Using the device according to the utility model allows more precise control of the control of the alloying process of multicomponent heat-resistant steels in an arc steelmaking furnace and in a ladle-furnace assembly, which provides the required metal structure in the ingot, which contains a large number of reinforcing metal nanophases.

Claims (2)

1. A control device for the alloying process in the smelting of nanostructured heat-resistant steels, containing sensors for the parameters of the steel smelting process in an arc steelmaking furnace and a ladle-furnace assembly, an electronic computer and actuators in the form of automatic devices for introducing slag, deoxidizers and alloying additives into an arc steelmaking furnace and in a ladle furnace, characterized in that it is equipped with a random access memory and read only memory, and as mentioned sensor They used melt temperature sensors and a block of sensors for the chemical composition of steel in an arc steelmaking furnace and a ladle furnace, as well as a time sensor, and the random-access memory and read-only memory are connected to the electronic computer through the data input ports of the address and data bus moreover, the first information input port is connected to the outputs of the melt temperature sensors, the second information input port is connected to the first output of the chemical composition sensor unit, and the third information input port is the output time of the sensor, wherein the actuators are connected to the electronic computer through the ports command output address and data buses. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic computer is equipped with a keyboard unit and a display unit connected to the address and data bus.