RU108498U1 - CARBURETTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine, comprising an evaporation chamber with an air supply pipe and a fuel-air mixture discharge pipe, a mixing chamber including an air channel with a shutter connected by a pipe with an air pipe to the vaporization chamber and a fuel-air mixture channel connected by a pipe with a pipe for removing the fuel-air mixture from the evaporation chamber and equipped with a throttle valve, a float chamber, a bubbler device made in the form of a chamber with tubes, The holes of which are facing the bottom of the evaporation chamber, located inside the evaporation chamber and connected to the air channel by an air supply pipe, in which a check valve is located at the inlet of the bubbler device, a labyrinth is located above the bubbler device, and a fine-mesh mesh is installed at the outlet of the evaporation chamber, that the gas cavity of the float chamber is in communication with the gas cavity of the evaporation chamber, in addition, a heating element is installed in the evaporation chamber. ! 2. The carburetor according to claim 1, characterized in that the labyrinth of the evaporation chamber is made in the form of inclined plates with the formation of alternating gaps on the opposite sides of the evaporation chamber. ! 3. The carburetor according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing chamber is provided with an additional channel with an adjusting screw for the idle fuel mixture, bypassing the throttle valve.

Description

The utility model relates to the automotive industry, and specifically to carburetors for power systems of internal combustion engines.

Known evaporative carburetor (RF patent No. 2035609, IPC F02M 17/22, publ. 05/20/1995), in which evaporation is carried out through the use of a bubbler device. The carburetor contains an evaporation and mixing chamber interconnected by the air pipe and the fuel mixture pipe, a float chamber, an additional air supply channel with a damper, a throttle valve, a bubbler device including an air guide channel in the form of an annular gap between two cylinders, in communication with the bubbler feed channels air made in the bottom of the cover of the inner cylinder.

In the known carburetor, it is impossible to obtain a homogeneous fuel-air mixture, since the upward air flow in the bubble chamber intensively carries droplets of various diameters into the outlet pipe, which leads to low combustion and, consequently, increased fuel consumption, as well as a high yield of toxic substances. In the well-known carburetor, a bubbler chamber is constantly connected to the air filter through open channels in the lid and a partially covered damper in the exhaust pipe, which leads to vaporization of gasoline in the bubbler chamber when the car is parked, vapor enters the engine compartment and increased fire and explosion hazard, due to reverse exhaust that occurs during early ignition and low engine speeds. In addition, the carburetor does not provide reliable engine operation at low ambient temperatures, since it is impossible to obtain the concentration of combustible steam necessary for ignition at low ambient temperatures due to the supply of additional air through an open hole in the lid of the evaporation chamber and a slightly open air damper.

The closest in technical essence and adopted for the prototype is a carburetor for internal combustion engines (RF patent No. 2221484867, IPC F02M 17/22, publ. 07/10/2002), containing an evaporation chamber with an air supply pipe and a fuel-air mixture discharge pipe a mixing chamber including an air channel with a damper in communication with a pipe for supplying air to the evaporation chamber, a channel of a fuel-air mixture in communication with a pipe for discharging a fuel-air mixture from the evaporation chamber and provided with a throttle valve, oplavkovuyu chamber bubbling device. The bubbler device is located inside the evaporation chamber, has many tubes, the openings of which are directed to the bottom of the evaporation chamber, in communication with the air channel in which there is a check valve in front of the bubbler device. A labyrinth is located in the evaporation chamber above the bubbler device, above which a fine-mesh mesh made of refractory material, for example, brass, is installed at the outlet of the evaporation chamber. The labyrinth of the evaporation chamber is made in the form of inclined plates with the formation of alternating gaps on opposite sides of the evaporation chamber. The mixing chamber is equipped with a channel for the idle fuel mixture, located bypassing the throttle valve and equipped with an adjustment screw.

However, the known device does not provide a high completeness of fuel combustion, since the complete homogenization of the fuel-air mixture is not achieved in the evaporation chamber due to the lack of gas-dynamic connection between the float and evaporation chambers. This increases the fire hazard when using evaporative carburetors, increases the yield of toxic substances, decreases the reliability of the launch and the reliability of operation at low ambient temperatures.

The technical result, which the proposed utility model is aimed at, is to increase the completeness of fuel combustion by completely homogenizing the fuel-air mixture in the carburetor, reducing fuel consumption and the release of toxic substances, as well as ensuring fire safety when using evaporative carburetors, and increasing reliability operation and reliability of starting at low ambient temperatures.

The technical result is achieved in that the carburetor for the internal combustion engine contains an evaporation chamber with an air supply pipe and a fuel-air mixture discharge pipe, a mixing chamber including an air channel with a shutter connected by a pipe with an air pipe to the vaporization chamber and a fuel-air mixture channel communicated by a pipeline with a pipe for removing the fuel-air mixture from the evaporation chamber and equipped with a throttle valve, a float chamber, a bubbler device, made in the form of a chamber with tubes, the openings of which are directed to the bottom of the evaporation chamber, located inside the evaporation chamber and connected to the air channel by an air supply pipe, in which a check valve is located at the inlet of the bubbler device, a labyrinth is located above the bubbler device, and at the outlet of the vaporization chamber a fine-mesh mesh is installed in the chamber, characterized in that the gas cavity of the float chamber is in communication with the gas cavity of the evaporation chamber, in addition, flax heating element for heating the fuel at low ambient temperatures.

The labyrinth of the evaporation chamber is made in the form of inclined plates with the formation of alternating gaps on opposite sides of the evaporation chamber.

The mixing chamber is equipped with an additional channel with an adjusting screw for the idle fuel mixture, located bypassing the throttle.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the carburetor in section.

Here: 1 - evaporation chamber; 2 - pipe for supplying air to the evaporation chamber; 3 - pipe for removing the fuel mixture from the evaporation chamber; 4 - mixing chamber; 5 - air channel of the mixing chamber; 6 - throttle valve of the air channel; 7 - air pipeline; 8 - channel of the fuel mixture of the mixing chamber; 9 - pipeline fuel mixture; 10 - throttle valve in the channel of the fuel mixture; 11 - an additional channel of the fuel mixture; 12 - adjusting screw; 13 - bubbler device; 14 - tube bubbler device; 15 - holes of the tubes of the bubbler device; 16 - check valve; 17 - inclined plate of the labyrinth; 18 - gaps of the labyrinths; 19 - fine mesh; 20 - float chamber; 21 - a float; 22 - lever and needle locking elements; 23 - heating element; 24 - channel connecting the float chamber 20 with the evaporation chamber 1.

A carburetor for an internal combustion engine contains an evaporation chamber 1 and a mixing chamber 4, interconnected by an air pipe 7 and a fuel mixture pipe 9. A vapor chamber 1 with a pipe 2 of an air pipe and a pipe 3 of a fuel pipe. The mixing chamber 4 includes an air channel 5 with a throttle valve 6, connected by a pipe 7 with a pipe 2 for supplying air to the evaporation chamber 1 and a channel 8 of the fuel-air mixture, connected by a pipe of the fuel mixture 9 with a pipe 3 of the fuel-air mixture from the evaporation chamber 1 In channel 8 there is a throttle valve 10. The mixing chamber 4 is equipped with an additional channel 11 for the fuel mixture when idling, located bypassing the throttle valve 10, and having an adjusting screw 12. Bubble the device 13 is located inside the evaporation chamber 1 and is in communication with the pipeline 7 for supplying air to the evaporation chamber 1. The bubbler device 13 of the carburetor is made in the form of a chamber with many tubes 14, openings 15 of which are facing the bottom of the evaporation chamber 1.

In the pipeline 7, a check valve 16 is located in front of the bubbler device 13. A labyrinth is installed in the evaporation chamber 1 above the bubbler device 13, which is made in the form of inclined plates 17 with the formation of gaps 18 alternating from opposite sides of the evaporation chamber 1. At the outlet of the evaporation chamber 1 above the inclined plates 17 of the maze installed fine mesh 19, made, for example, of brass. The evaporation chamber 1 is equipped with a float chamber 20 with a float 21 and a lever and a needle locking element 22. The gas cavity of the float chamber 20 is in communication with the gas cavity of the evaporation chamber 1 by a channel 24, which ensures their gas-dynamic connection. In addition, the evaporation chamber is equipped with a heating element 23 for heating the fuel at low ambient temperatures.

The carburetor works as follows.

Before starting the engine, throttle valve 6, throttle valve 10 and non-return valve 16 are closed. In the evaporation chamber 1 there is a mixture of air with gasoline vapors, the concentration of which depends on the temperature of gasoline in the evaporation chamber 1. The optimal coefficient of excess oxidizer for small and medium engine operating conditions is α = 1.05 ÷ 1.1 (economical mixture). Since the mixture is homogeneous, the same economical mixture can be used at idle (α = 1.05). When starting the engine, the shutter 6 opens and passes additional air through the valve 16, from the air channel 5 through the air pipe 7 to the bubbler device 13, equipped with many tubes 14 of small diameter. Bubbles of air coming out of the openings 15, facing the bottom of the evaporation chamber 1, sparge the fuel, and in the form of vapor-air bubbles in a descending pattern rise upwards through the liquid fuel. Thus, the air is saturated with fuel vapor. Small droplets that can be carried away by the vapor-air mixture flow are cut off by the labyrinth due to the inertial contact with the inclined plates 17. The flow of fuel droplets between the inclined plates of the labyrinth through the gaps 18 at the opposite walls of the evaporation chamber 1 further intensifies the evaporation process. An unevaporated liquid film of fuel flows down the inclined plates 17 of the maze back into the bubble chamber 13.

The gas cavity of the float chambers 20 is in communication with the gas cavity of the evaporation chamber 1 by a channel 24, which ensures their gas-dynamic connection, which ensures complete homogenization of the fuel-air mixture and, therefore, reduces the explosiveness and fire hazard during carburetor operation, and reduces the yield of toxic substances.

When the engine is idling, the idle level (engine speed) is regulated by the adjusting screw 12. In operating modes, the engine speed is regulated by the throttle valve 10.

At maximum load conditions it is necessary to provide a richer mixture, i.e. the coefficient of excess oxidizer α = 0.85 ÷ 0.9, which is achieved by a corresponding change in the position of the throttle valve 6.

In addition, the proposed utility model provides reliable starting and reliable operation of the engine at low ambient temperatures, since it is possible to heat the fuel-air mixture, as well as the ability to completely block the intake of additional (cold) air into the channel 8 by the shutter 6 and set the required concentration of fuel -air mixture.

Thus, the proposed utility model makes it possible to increase the completeness of fuel combustion by obtaining a completely homogeneous fuel-air mixture in the carburetor at all engine operating modes, which will reduce fuel consumption and reduce the yield of toxic substances; in addition, fire and explosion safety are ensured when carburetor operation.

Claims (3)

1. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine, comprising an evaporation chamber with an air supply pipe and a fuel-air mixture discharge pipe, a mixing chamber including an air channel with a shutter connected by a pipe with an air pipe to the vaporization chamber and a fuel-air mixture channel connected by a pipe with a pipe for removing the fuel-air mixture from the evaporation chamber and equipped with a throttle valve, a float chamber, a bubbler device made in the form of a chamber with tubes, The holes of which are facing the bottom of the evaporation chamber, located inside the evaporation chamber and connected to the air channel by an air supply pipe, in which a check valve is located at the inlet of the bubbler device, a labyrinth is located above the bubbler device, and a fine-mesh mesh is installed at the outlet of the evaporation chamber, that the gas cavity of the float chamber is in communication with the gas cavity of the evaporation chamber, in addition, a heating element is installed in the evaporation chamber. 2. The carburetor according to claim 1, characterized in that the labyrinth of the evaporation chamber is made in the form of inclined plates with the formation of alternating gaps on the opposite sides of the evaporation chamber. 3. The carburetor according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing chamber is provided with an additional channel with an adjusting screw for the idle fuel mixture, located bypassing the throttle valve.