RO104627B1 - Method and device for pliable stratification of a fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for feeding out a primary web of mineral wool onto a receiving conveyor. For this purpose, a pendulum conveyor has been used. In order to achieve good quality and the desired capacity the primary web must be thin and output rate high, which causes problems in fixing the primary web into the already fed out web and in looping the edges of the fed out web. According to the invention, these problems have been solved by making the trajectory and rate of motion of the output end (10) of the receiving conveyor (2) to comprise a central portion (B1) with a constant speed, which equals or is close to the output rate of the primary web, and an outmost portion (B2) having a retarding or accelerating speed, respectively. By this means the output end may move close to the receiving conveyor and be rapidly fixed into the bed while the pendulum allows appropriate space in the extreme positions for the edge loop, which also is rapidly fixed into the bed and forms an even edge. The invention relates also to a device for carrying out the process.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and device for the folded layering of an untreated mineral yarn fabric, impregnated with a surface binder, on a receiving conveyor.

When making mineral yarn sheets, it is important to make a product as uniform and homogeneous as possible, which confers a high insulating capacity. Moreover, it should be as elastic as possible, at a low density, requiring the fibers to be extended, especially in the plane of the sheet. Due to its elasticity, the sheet can be compressed for the packing and transport stage.

To achieve this, a thin primary fabric is collected, whose basic weight varies in the range from 110 ... 450 g / mp, preferably from 100 ... 200 g / mp, on a collection conveyor, immediately after defibrillation. The thinner the initial fabric, the better the quality of the finished product. To maintain the capacity at the required level, when producing a thin primary fabric, the speed of the primary fabric as well as that of its conveyor devices must be high. Normally, the speed of the primary fabric is over 100 m / min however, the basic weight of the primary fabric, being only in the field from

100 ... 200 g / sqm, even higher speed is required to maintain the capacity at the required level.

Various methods of folding mineral yarn fabrics are described (in US patent specification No. 2450916, from 1948 and slightly newer specifications of GB patent no. 772628 among others). These were later supplemented with methods of folding the initial fabric of the pendulum conveyors.

When using pendulum conveyors to feed the primary fabric, the speed of the output end should be approximately the same as that of the final fabric to avoid folding or stretching the fabric at the time of output.

So far, the pendulum mechanism has usually contained an operation, at which the extreme positions were highest above the receiving transport, and the lower dead end of the pendulum was closest to the receiving transport. In order to achieve the required capacity, with the thin primary fabrics, the output speed of the pendulum conveyors must increase, however this is not easy with the known devices. In fact, a high-speed pendulum conveyor, which feeds lightweight fabric and has a high pendulum frequency, confers an inaccurate placement of the receiving fabric. A pendulum conveyor, operated in a known manner, by a connecting rod and oscillating along a circular arc, gives a velocity to the output end of the conveyor that is maximum when the pendulum is in the central position and decreases sinusoidally to zero, in extreme position, from which the sinusoidal acceleration reappears. The output end of such a pendulum carrier must, in its lowest position, be arranged about 0.2 times the width of the output, which is normally 2 m, above the fed wire fabric, to allow the primary fabric to be deposited, in - a uniform layer, on the receiving transport, without being stretched. The distance between the pendulum and the receiving conveyor being so long, up to 40 cm, and more, the feed fabric will have uneven edges. The output speed being about 130 m / min, the irregularities of the secondary fabric will be about + / 5%, from the width of the output. This means that the secondary fabric has to be divided a wider width appropriately to achieve a flawless fabric of the desired width, because the unwanted material must be cut. This means a great loss of material.

The output mechanisms with the pendulum, in which the folding process is realized by the continuous feeding of the primary fabric, at constant height, above the support, at a constant height, are also known. An articulation system, for maintaining the output end of the pendulum mechanism, at a constant height, above the receiving transport, is provided, and the movement of go and come is obtained through a rod mechanism, with a chain link. The velocity profile of the oscillation movement presents a period of constant velocity in the middle and a sinusoidal delay and acceleration phase in each of the final positions. The pendulum must be delayed rapidly and accelerated, in the final positions, so that the movement of the pendulum corresponds to the output quantity of the primary fabric per unit time, causing high stresses in mechanical constructions. Consequently, the mechanism is only suitable for output speeds below about 100 m / min.

Another shortcoming of the pendulum mechanisms, having a high pendulum frequency, is the strong air flows, generated by the forward and backward, rapid, movement of the 104627 millisecond mechanism, with a large surface area. Air flows prevent the storage of thin primary fabric on the bed.

Known previously are the mechanisms on the pendulum for feeding thin primary fabrics on a receiving carrier. However, they have all the considerable shortcomings: the edges are uneven, causing large losses of material, the speeds are too low, to meet the need for capacity, the forces of delay and acceleration are strong, causing a strong stress, in constructions: the problem of air flow endangers the storage of primary fabric.

The object of the present invention is to increase the reliability of the mechanism and to obtain, in particular, an exact bore, with equal edges and a fabric with high homogeneity.

The problem of the invention is to obtain a process and a folded layering device, of a fabric, on a receiving conveyor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a previously known actuation system is used, communicating to the conveyor on the pendulum, with an oscillation called the pendulum, a constant speed of movement, in the middle of the pendulum's movement, and decreasing winding, respectively increasing the speed, in the extreme positions of movement of the pendulum. The period, with constant velocity, can be in the range of 30 to 60%, from the entire oscillation of the pendulum. The constant speed of the pendulum in the central area totally or almost totally equals the output speed of the primary fabric. This allows the pendulum to be placed closer to the receiving surface, at about half the distance allowed by the standard jack, thus ensuring considerably better deposition and fixation of the priming fabric on the receiving carrier.

In the area outside the phase, having a constant velocity, the pendulum is actuated, at a speed decreasing sinusoidal, respectively increasing, while following its oscillatory movement. At least, during movement, at a decreasing or increasing speed, in the extreme positions of the pendulum swing, the output end of the pendulum is arranged to rise, in the final phase of the pendulum movement and to descend, in the initial phase. In the delay and acceleration phase, the potential energy is stored or discharged, resulting in better stress forces on the mechanism than those generated when the output end of the pendulum describes a horizontal path over the entire pendulum pendulum.

The movement of the pendulum, consisting of a central part, having a constant speed and two extreme parts, having the speed of acceleration and slowing down, is properly produced, by means of a chain with endless drive, which goes over two wheels with interdependent chain, coplanar, whereby a connecting rod connects the pendulum with a support on the drive chain. The center distance of the chain wheels corresponds to the part of the pendulum movement, having a constant speed and half of the circumference of each wheel corresponds to the movement of the pendulum, having a delay and acceleration speed.

The movement of the pendulum, consisting of a central part, having constant velocity and two extreme parts, having a deceleration and acceleration speed, can also be produced, by means of a so-called Ferguson wheel, to which the rotational motion is transmitted by elliptical wheels.

The output end of the pendulum can be guided to move along the path of different shapes during the movement of the pendulum. The simplest variant is an arched trajectory, through which the pendulum oscillates around the stationary point of support. In such an embodiment, the pendulum operates with high precision, at output speeds of about 200 m / min. This is allowed by the fact that the output end of the pendulum can hit very close to the receiving carrier and closest to it at the midpoint of the total oscillation, whereby the fed primary fabric can be immediately fixed, in the woven fabric, fed from below. and thus remains unaffected by the air flows, caused by the pendulum's movement. In the extreme positions of the pendulum movement, the lower end rises about 0.1 times the output width, ie about 20 cm, with an output width of 200 cm, determining a more accurate position for folding the edges, due to a smaller folding loop. yarn fabrics. Another advantage of this variant is that the pendulum can be relatively short, about 0.7 to 1.0 times the output width, that is about 140 to 200 cm, which results in lower mass moments of inertia and lower stresses. , to the actuator. Disturbing airflow is also reduced by a shorter pendulum.

In this embodiment, the pendulum can be adjusted to strike at its closest point, only up to 10 cm above the receiving transhipment and thus fix almost immediately the food fabric in the central area of the trajectory. This determines a fabric of yarn, having very regular edges. At a constant speed of about 50% of the output width, which is 200 cm, and a pendulum swing of 80% and a pendulum length of about 75% of the output width, ie 150 cm, the pendulum climbs about 12%, ie 24 cm, in extreme positions.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that in which the pendulum and its output end are made horizontally, at a constant height, above the receiving transport, in the central area of the pendulum oscillation and to ascend above it, in the outermost positions.

The lifting movement can be started at any point, after the midpoint of the pendulum's movement, thus allowing for the primary fabric, which is fed out from the output end of the pendulum at a constant speed, sufficient space below the output end which then moves to a speed lower than the output speed of the primary fabric. The lifting motion thus begins at the earliest immediately after the midpoint of the pendulum's motion, the pendulum and its output end then describing a curved, continuous line or finally at such a point before the extreme position of the oscillation that it is sufficient to form. space under the rising pendulum for the accumulation loop to sit under control and form a regular edge during reverse movement.

The path described by the output end may be an arched, linearly rising, circular, progressively arched line or various combinations thereof.

With the help of different guiding devices, the pendulum, its output end is forced to deviate from the movement of the natural pendulum, having a circular exit path. Since there is a deviation from the natural movement of the pendulum, the oscillation point of the pendulum must be vertically displaceable or the radius of oscillation of the output end be variable.

An output trajectory, consisting of a central part mainly horizontal and a desired end part arched, an arm, mounted on supports in the pendulum, may, for example, contain a lower end, which is pivotable, mounted on supports outside of the pendulum, thus forcing the pendulum to describe an effectively horizontal path. During this part of the movement, the oscillation point of the pendulum is lowered / ascended. The oscillating point was so arranged as to reach a stop or such stop in the position where the pendulum must pass in a lifting motion in the outermost area of the oscillation of the pendulum, respectively a downward movement in the same area, during the movement of the pendulum. reverse. The mounting of the arm on supports in the pendulum is arranged in such a way as to allow the pendulum to oscillate in relation to the arm at this stage, for example with the help of fork supports. A spring can be suitably arranged between the top, the pendulum connecting rod and the arm guiding the high position of the pendulum, whereby the acceleration and delay forces are partially balanced in the extreme positions of the pendulum.

The movement of the pendulum can also be guided, for example, by a fixed guide, arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis, along which a wheel, mounted on supports in the pendulum or a sliding body are arranged for release. The trajectory of the output end will then correspond to the shape of the guide. The height of the guide, above the output end, is determined by the optimization of the geometry and mass forces.

The oscillation point of the pendulum can be alternatively stationary, while the output end is radially displaceable, relative to the oscillating point.

Following are two examples of embodiments, in connection with FIG. 1 ... 3, which represents:

FIG. 1, schematic representation of the pendulum movement preferably: the pendulum movement at a constant speed and then at an accelerated and delayed speed, while the output end describes a circular path (case I), respectively the movement of the pendulum at a constant speed and then at a delayed speed. and accelerated, while the output end, during the constant speed, moves at a constant height, above the receiving carrier and during the acceleration and delay phase, respectively, moves along an arched path (case II);

FIG. 2, (example 1) a variant of the pendulum, including the associated actuator and the pendulum, presented in three different positions;

FIG. 3, (example 2) another variant of the pendulum, including the associated actuator and presenting the pendulum in three different positions.

The right side of FIG. 1 shows case I, in which the pendulum, both during the period at constant speed and during the period of accelerated and delayed speed, oscillates around a point P, which is stationary in this case and the output end describes a circular arc. The pendulum is driven by a guide device A, with the help of a chain having a constant speed. A connecting rod is mounted on some supports, on a carrier at the drive chain, at point T and the pendulum mechanism at point A. At the drive chain, points 1 to 12 were marked, points 1 and 7 indicating the central part of the pendulum. , points 4 and 10 the extreme positions of the pendulum and points 12 and 2, respectively 5 and 8, the limits of the area, having a constant speed. When the T-point of the connecting rod is in position 1, the pendulum is suspended from the oscillating point P and the position of the output end is indicated by the number 1 A. From 1 to 2, the connecting rod moves at constant speed and the output end describes a circular arc, because the oscillating point P is stationary. From 2 to 4, the pendulum moves with delay, changes the direction of movement at point 4 and from 4 to 6, with acceleration and from 6 to 7 moves with constant speed, while the output end describes a circular arc of lifting and lowering respectively. Depending on the position of the fixing point SA on the slope, in relation to the actuator P, a more or less geometric asymmetry is realized, ie points 3 and 5, respectively 2 and 6 deviate somehow from each other, which appears from the sketch . The pendulum climbs to the extreme position 4 about 24 cm, which also appears from the figure drawn on a 1:10 scale and forms a controlled loop of the primary fabric, at the turning point. Due to the smaller distance, the output end, the SA receiving conveyor and the synchronization between the output speed and the output end oscillation speed, the primary feed fabric is quickly fixed to the bed, which also results from the sketch. The movement of the pendulum from points 7 to 1 is the inverse image of the movement between points 1 and 7, however not shown.

The left side of FIG. 1 shows case II, in which the output end of the pendulum, during the period of constant speed, moves at a constant height, above the transport receiving SB and during the period of accelerated and delayed movement it moves along a circular path. in the central position of the pendulum, point 7, the oscillation point of the pendulum p 'only descends to the point P during the drive movement to point 8, through which the output end moves along a horizontal line. During the delay phase, from point 9 to 10 and the acceleration phase, from point 10 to 12, the oscillation point P is held stationary and the end end describes a circular arc. As shown in the figure, the receiving carrier S _B is located higher than in case A because the oscillating point of the pendulum is placed higher in the central position in case B.

The pendulum rises in its extreme position about 16 cm, which appears from the figure. The looping is also well controlled in this case, due to the short distance of the primary fabric to the bed, especially on the distances 7 - 8 and 12 - 1 and to the synchronization between the output speed and the oscillation speed of the output end over these distances.

In order to make the output end of the pendulum to move horizontally, during the largest part, in the cases shown, 50% of the oscillation of the pendulum, thus, the oscillation point must move from P 'to P, special measures are required . Two preferred embodiments of such arrangements are shown in FIG. 2 and 3.

Example 1 2 and 3 show the part of the pendulum of a machine for the production of mineral thread fabric and the associated drive mechanism. The receiving conveyor 1 of the primary fabric is coupled with an associated pendulum mechanism 2, and the two opposite conveyors 2 a and 2 b are the movements on conductive rollers 3 a and 3 b, at the output end. The receiving conveyor 4 has a drive mechanism with 5, equipped with two drive wheels 5 a and 5 b and with a connecting rod 6.

Wheel 7 drives the movement of the pendulum in a guide device having the shaft fixed to a conveyor pendulum 7 a. On a guide 9, along which the wheel 7 has been arranged to go and which determines the trajectory of the output end 10.

When a mineral yarn fabric is produced, the primary fabric is fed on the receiving conveyor 1 and proceeds between the conveyors 2 a and 2 b, in the pendulum mechanism and is fed to the output end 10. The pendulum oscillates back and forth, while the fabric the primary is fed between the driving rollers a and 3 b. As the connecting rod 6 moves between the drive wheels 5 a and 5 b, the distance b 1, the wheel 7 gains a constant speed of movement and simultaneously moves over the side plane of guide 9, by which the conductive rollers 3 a and 3 b cover the distance Bl, at a constant height above the receiving conveyor. As the connecting rod travels along the circumference of the drive wheels, equaling the distances b 2, the wheel 7 moves over the bent end upwards of the guide 9 whereby the output end of the pendulum describes a bent, corresponding path, over the distance B 2. The position of guide 9 is determined by the desired kinetic geometry. The oscillating point 22 of the pendulum is movable along the line of movement of the central pendulum and the receiving conveyor 1, of the primary fabric, is mounted on supports, by joints, in order to be able to follow the movement of the input end of the pendulum vertically.

Example 2 Fig. 3 shows another preferred embodiment of the pendulum of the invention. The lower end of an arm 20 is fixed on supports outside the pendulum, on the center line of the oscillation movement and its upper end, is mounted on forks, at the support point 8, of the connecting rod 6, on the pendulum. The support point 8 is disposed to go on a fork 21, at the upper end of the arm. The oscillating point 22 of the pendulum is vertically displaceable along the center line of the movement and the receiving conveyor 1, of the primary fabric, is mounted on hinges to be able to follow the movements of the vertical pendulum, as easily as in the previous case. As the connecting rod moves over the horizontal area between the drive wheels, the pendulum is pulled in an angular position, while the oscillating point moves downward until it reaches a stop 23 at the end of the constant speed period. The stop prevents the oscillating point from being lower and the pendulum is forced to oscillate around the oscillating point P, fixed so far. During this delay part of the movement, the fixing point 8 is moved upwards in the fork 31 and thus does not prevent the pendulum from rising along an arched line. During the subsequent acceleration phase, the pendulum swings down and the output end 10 describes the same arched line, while the fixation point 8 is moved to the base of the fork 21. The same movement is repeated in the opposite direction.

It is advantageous to have a spring between the central axis and the arm 20 to take part in the delay and acceleration forces generated by the oscillation of the pendulum.

The variants of FIG. 2 and 3 each show a movement of the pendulum, composed so that the horizontal output movement coincides considerably with the phase having the constant speed and the movement of descent, respectively lift, coincide with the accelerated or delayed phase. The controlled trajectory of the output end, deviating from the arched trajectory, can of course be adjusted to start any point during the period of constant speed b 1 or the period of delay or acceleration movement b 2.

As shown above, the acceleration and delay forces are lower than in the previously used methods, partly due to the lifting movement on the sides of the output and partly due to a smaller pendulum, having a lower mass.

Claims (13)

1. Process of folded layering, of an untreated fabric, superficially impregnated with mineral yarn binder, on a receiving conveyor, containing a layered layer on the receiving conveyor, by means of a pendulum conveyor, oscillating in a plane, which is perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the receiving conveyor, by which the speed of the receiving conveyor is lower than that of the output speed, of the primary fabric, so that it is stored in folds, which are covered forming a secondary fabric, having the thickness due, characterized in that at the end of the output ( 10), of the transport pendulum (2), a movement speed is received, which is constant during at least 30% of the oscillation period and equal to or close to the velocity of the primary fabric by which the rest of the oscillation period consists of a movement, having acceleration speed and delay respectively, and in that the output end (10), of the pendulum carrier, rises during at least part of the delay period and descends during the considerable part of the corresponding part of the acceleration period of the reverse movement. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum carrier (2) has a constant speed of movement, lasting at least 60% of the pendulum period. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the output end (10) of the pendulum carrier (2) already begins to rise during the phase having constant speed and decreases during the acceleration phase and the corresponding part of the phase. having constant speed during reverse movement. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the output end (10) of the pendulum carrier (2) describes an arched path, preferably a circular arc, during the entire movement of the pendulum. 5. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the output end (10) of the pendulum carrier (2) describes an effective horizontal path until the moment when the lift starts and from the moment it goes down. 6. Process according to claim 5, characterized in that the output end (10) of the pendulum transport (2) describes an effectively horizontal path, during the phase having a constant speed and preferably rises along an arched path, in during the phase having a delay velocity and in that it descends preferably along an arcuate path, during the acceleration phase and passes in a considerable horizontal movement, during the phase of the reverse movement having a constant speed. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pendulum carrier (2) oscillates by means of a known chain drive (5) and a connecting rod (6). 8. Process according to any one of claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the pendulum carrier oscillates through a known gear mechanism, whose rotational output speed varies between maximum and minimum rotation speed, during each revolution. 9. A device for the folded layering of a primary fabric, untreated, impregnated with a thin binder, of mineral yarns, on a receiving conveyor, characterized in that it has a horizontal receiving conveyor (1), for the primary fabric and a pendulum conveyor (2 ) oscillating in the vertical plane from the lower end (10), from which the primary fabric is fed to the receiving carrier below (4) through which the pendulum transport oscillates in a plane that is perperdicular to the direction of movement of the receiving transport (4) and the movement speed of the receiving transport (4) is lower than the output speed of the receiving fabric, so that the primary fabric is deposited in the skins, which are covered, forming a secondary fabric, characterized in that a connecting rod (6) ) is associated with the receiving carrier (2) at one end and the other, at an endless drive chain known by going over lanes horizontally separated and coplanetary (5 a) and (5 b) of substantially the same size by which the distance between the wheels and the diameter of the wheel are so arranged that the movement of the connecting rod at the top together with the drive chain over one of the two horizontal parts corresponds up to at least 30% of the swing of the pendulum, while the movement of the upper part of the connecting rod with the drive chain, along the circumference of the wheels, to the outer parts of the oscillation of the pendulum, corresponds to the remaining part of the oscillation of the pendulum by which the pendulum carrier, during at least 30% of the oscillation of the pendulum, a constant velocity is given and during the remaining part of the oscillation it is given a speed of delay before the extreme position of the oscillation of the pendulum and an acceleration rate after the extreme position mentioned during a part considerably equal to the oscillation of the pendulum and p That means that means are provided which give the output end of the pendulum carrier (2) a lifting movement lasting at least part of the oscillation of the pendulum before the extreme position and a movement of oscillation, during a large part considerably equal after the extreme position. A folded fabric layering device according to claim 9, characterized in that the axis of the pendulum (22), of the pendulum carrier (2), is arranged to be vertically adjustable, to allow the output end (10) to move by - along a horizontal path. 11. A folded layering device of a fabric according to claim 10, characterized in that the lower end of an oscillating arm (20) is fixed on the supports, outside the pendulum, on the central axis of the movement the pendulum and its upper end is mounted on supports. fork or other supports on the pendulum carrier (2) with such freedom of movement that the pendulum carrier can achieve a complete oscillation 5 not related to the arm length (20). 12. A folded layering device of a fabric according to claim 11, characterized in that a stop (23) is arranged to stop the vertical movement of the oscillating axis (22) when the pendulum carrier (1) passes in a free-pendulum motion. . A folded fabric layering device according to claim 9, characterized in that a wheel (7) or similar rolling or sliding member is arranged on the slider carrier (2) such that in contact with a guide device (9) and In the case of pendulum movement, transmit the output end (10), of the pendulum carrier (2) the desired travel path.