PL205095B1 - Plane chain strand comprising a chain lock link - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plane chain strand (50) provided with horizontal and vertical normal chain links (30, 40) which are mounted in an alternating manner and which engage into each other in a nondetachable manner with the limbs and arcs thereof. In the chain strand (50), directly in front and directly behind a chain lock link (10), at least one special chain link (20) is mounted in the same position as said chain locking link (10). The limbs of the lock links have the same outer contour, especially the same width and thickness, as the outer limbs of the two lock parts of the chain lock link (10). The wear and tear of the chain lock link (10) of said inventive plane chain strand (50) can be reduced or eliminated in comparison with conventional plane chains, by means of equal or slightly larger previous and subsequent special chain links (20).

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a chain link, useful, in particular, for mining plow drives, made of chain links that alternate inseparably passing through each other, the link arms of which are connected by chain link arches, equipped with one quick coupler connecting two ends of the plow chain, including two parts connected with each other with a bolt with resistance tear-off and having a division and locking surface on the shoulders.

Known plow chains consist of one-piece ring rounded links each having mutually parallel link arms spaced apart and connected by chain link arcs. In a plow chain link, the vertical link in each case extends with its arc into the oval internal opening between the legs and link arches of the horizontal link, and thus several hundreds of successive links are alternately and inseparably connected to each other. Such a chain is used to move the underground cutting plow in the wall forward and backward. The plow chain is guided in the guide channels by spout chain guides which, for example, are mounted on scraper chain conveyors, which is obvious to those skilled in the art.

In underground mining, adjacent chain links of the coal stream are connected with each other by means of a so-called quick coupler, which quick coupler comprises two parts that are interlocked with a pull-off resistance or are detachably assembled with each other and have dividing or locking surfaces on their arms. Such quick couplings are known, for example, from DE 199 01 232 A1 or DE 27 26 235 C3. The quick coupler known from DE 27 26 235 C3 in fact shows two parts of a W-shaped chain lock connected permanently and tear-proof to a central rounded chain link, so that both ends of the plow chain are connected by U-shaped catch elements which cooperate with each other. with W-shaped lock parts and, like these, have a locking and partition surface. Since the dividing and locking surface of said chain lock parts in the quick coupler link runs through its arm, the chain lock parts within the arms have a greater dimension than the cross-section of the arms and arcs of the vertical and horizontal chain links. As a result, when the plow chain is used in plow grout guides with chain channels, there is a greater wear of the chain locks compared to the wear of conventional horizontal and vertical links.

DE 44 20 203 C2 discloses a quick coupler link with round end portions and flat legs. The link arms are equipped with racks to lock the halves of the chain lock and are wider than the ends. A flat-walled element is mounted between the flat halves of the lock, embedded by means of a leaf spring and a safety pin in the intermediate chamber between the flat link arms. The leaf spring engages the grooves on the inner side of the link arms of the chain lock halves.

DE 19 39 000 A1 discloses a hauling chain with rounded links for a coal stream, in which short sections of the chain, for example consisting of six links, with the same material thickness as the other chain links, have a greater width to allow the chain to twist. in the plane of the link. The use of short lengths of chain is preferred directly in front of the coal stream itself to avoid having to pass through the sprocket. In each case, two widened and directly connected links may rotate axially by 60 °, so that a total of six links can compensate for a torsion of 360 °.

From DE 43 32 379 C1, vertical links of the conveyor chain are known, passing through the bottom surface of the lower and / or upper compartment, more massive in cross-section and wider than the horizontal links, which increases the service life of such a chain compared to a string made of ordinary links.

Practical observations have shown that the greater wear of the chain locks is caused by the larger dimensions of the arms equipped with a dividing surface. Moreover, since in the conditions of underground operation, the streamers guiding the streams do not flow smoothly into each other, but are constantly positioned in relation to each other with different deviations, it is impossible to eliminate excessive load on the chain locks compared to other, horizontal or vertical links in the plow chain. only by optimizing the matching of chain channels

PL 205 095 B1 to the size of these locks. The maintenance frequency of chain locks has so far been greater than that of horizontal or vertical chain links.

The object of the invention is to make a plow chain with horizontal and vertical links and at least one chain lock, in which, thanks to the design measures relating to the chain itself, the excessive loads on the chain lock or the quick coupler link will be minimized or completely eliminated.

This task is accomplished by the invention defined below. According to the invention, it is provided that a chain link is provided in the chain link both upstream and downstream of the chain lock link, the link arms of which have an external width and / or external thickness equal to or slightly greater than the external width or external thickness of the legs of the composite lock link. chainsaw. According to the invention, in each case at least one link preceding the quick coupler and one chain link following it will fit the outer contour of the chain lock link, so that the unavoidably larger dimensions of the chain lock parts in the link of the quick coupler will unfold and do not so adversely affect the speed. wear of the locks, as is the case in plow chains, the links of which adjacent to the quick coupler have a contour dimensionally not adjusted to the lock. In a situation where the special chain links have link arms with larger dimensions, which is in accordance with the invention, the loads on the quick couplers decrease, because the more massive, i.e. thicker and wider link arms of the special chain links, guide the quick couplers installed between them with a small distance from the boundary walls chain guide channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the width and / or thickness of the link arms of the special chain links is approximately 0 to 5%, preferably 0 to 2% greater than the corresponding width or thickness of the quick coupler arm.

According to a preferred embodiment, the special link in each case is in exactly the same position as the chain lock link directly upstream and downstream of the quick coupler. Alternatively, there may be more of these special cells - two to five mounted in the same position directly in front of and behind the quick coupler link.

Moreover, in another embodiment, in one chain link, all the links retaining the same position as the quick coupler may be special links, while the other links are normal chain links. This has the advantage that when it is necessary to replace the link due to wear or breakage, the quick coupler can be installed anywhere in the chain strand without the risk that the new quick coupler will be exposed to increased loads and wear, as is the case with a chain lock. which, at the above-mentioned position, would be mounted first to connect the two ends of the tendon.

In some plow guides or chain drives, it is advantageous if at least the third and sixth chain links upstream and downstream of the quick coupler are special links. It is understood that the link then is not installed in the same position but has a perpendicular position in the chain. Alternatively, every third link upstream and downstream of the quick coupler may be a special link.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the special links are forged elements which are made in one piece.

As an alternative to one-piece special links, special links can be made by attaching or attaching abrasive elements to the link arms, so that also existing chain links can be supplemented to give them an inventive character and, when these parts are worn out, can be replaced with new ones. The abrasive elements may also be permanently connected to the link arms, for example by welding.

In all the mentioned alternative embodiments, it is particularly advantageous if the link arcs of the special chain links have the same cross-section, in particular the same diameter as the cross-section and diameter of the link arches of both parts of the chain lock and preferably the further normal horizontal and vertical links. The quick coupler link and the special chain links then only differ in the dimensions of the link arms or arms from normal links.

Moreover, it is preferred that the link arcs of the special links have the same outer radius of curvature as the radius of curvature of the link arcs of the quick coupler and the radius of curvature of the horizontal and vertical links.

PL 205 095 B1

The quick coupler link and special chain links intended to protect the quick coupler against rapid wear due to increased friction may have arms having comparatively longer thickenings exhibiting a constant maximum width or a constant maximum thickness with a constant cross section.

Especially advantageous are those designs of special chain links in which the link arms only have local thickenings in width and / or thickness. Thanks to them, in the area of link arms there is a jamming of special links with regular links attached to them.

It is particularly advantageous here that the local thickenings from the link arcs constantly increase, taking on the maximum width and / or maximum thickness in the center of the link arms, avoiding the edges of the impacts exposed to the highest friction and thus subject to the greatest wear.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the local thickenings of maximum thickness and / or width extend on the outer sides of the link arms for a greater length than on their inner sides, which improves the rolling of adjacent normal and special links passing one after the other. The length of the zone of maximum, constant thickness at the transition of the outer walls to the transverse walls of the link arms of the special links is preferably about 28% +/- 5% of the pitch of the special chain links.

With suitable special chain links, the local thickening on the transverse walls of the link arms may advantageously have a zone of a constant maximum width and / or a constant maximum thickness, whereby the special chain links will have an adequate material reserve against abrasion. In such an embodiment, the zone of constant thickness may have a geometric shape of a triangle, which further optimizes the rolling of adjacent interconnected links, or this geometric form may form a circle, ellipse or yoke.

Moreover, preferably the inner sides of the link arms of the special chain links can be curved, preferably elliptical, the maximum internal width on the inside from the link arches to the center of the link arms increases, preferably by 11% +/- 5%. In this way, the stiffening obtained thanks to local thickening is the counterbalance of special chain links, thanks to which their flexibility and resistance to peak breaking forces are maintained. The maximum internal width at the center of the link arms may in fact be slightly greater than the maximum thickness of the special chain links in order to avoid loops of the plow chain also when the special links are directly adjacent to each other.

Moreover, preferably, the outer sides of the link arms from the transition of the arches to the local thickenings may be curved, bulged or twisted in an S-shape, which also helps to avoid loops between normal and special chain links. The radius of curvature S, directly at the transition to the fixed zone, of the maximum width may, from the outside, correspond approximately to the section of the chain link arches with a tolerance of +/- 10%. The radius of curvature of the outer walls at the transition from chain link arches to chain link arms in special links should be as large as possible in order to maintain a smooth transition and avoid edge collisions.

The invention is explained in more detail in an embodiment in the drawing, showing:

Fig. 1A shows a side view of the two-piece quick coupler

Fig. 1B is a top view of the quick coupler of Fig. 1A;

Fig. 2A shows a special chain link according to a first embodiment according to the invention;

Fig. 2B shows the special chain link of Fig. 2A in a top view;

Fig. 3 illustrates an embodiment of a chain cable with a quick coupler according to the invention;

Fig. 4 shows an example of an alternative embodiment of a chain cable according to the invention with special chain links;

5A shows a special chain link according to an alternative embodiment in a side view;

Fig. 5B shows the special chain link of Fig. 5A in a top view

Fig. 6 a section along VI-VI in Fig. 5A

Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B show schematically a side view and a top view of a two-part quick coupling 10 with a first closing part 1 and a second closing part 2 which parts are mutually formed.

Identical in mirror image and locked with each other and each of these parts has two arches 3 and one outer arm 4 and one inner arm 5. The outer arms 4 of the quick coupler parts 1, 2 have at least two fixing teeth 7, 8 cooperating with locking tongues 9, 11 located on the inner arms 5 of each of the parts opposite to them of the quick coupler 2, 1, serving to lock both parts of the quick coupler 1, 2 with tear resistance. The dividing or locking surface of the quick coupler 10 is thus provided on its arms formed by the outer and inner arms 4, 5. The closed position of the quick coupler 10 shown in Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B is secured by a locking element 14 (Fig. 3) which fits into a cylindrical groove 13 on the inner legs 5 of the closing parts 1, 2 and locks the closed position. The quick coupler 10 has an outer width bk and a thickness Ck and a circular wire diameter Dk in the area of the link hatches 3 which is smaller than the thickness Ck. Moreover, each arch 3 of the two closing parts 1, 2 in the end zone has an outer radius of curvature Rk extending over the area of the arcs e _k approx. 140 ° with a constant section D _k .

The special chain link 20 shown in Figures 2A and 2B in plan view is a closed, preferably forged, one-piece link having two arms 24 interconnecting by two arcs 23. The arcs 23 have a circular cross section with a diameter Ds and a radius of curvature Rs at the tip or on the outer side of the arcs 23, also extending over the area of the arcs e _k about 140 [deg.]. The outer width of the special chain links 20 on the legs 24 is indicated in Fig. 2A as bs and the thickness of the legs 24 is shown in Fig. 2B as Cs. It can be clearly seen that the legs 24 are more massive or larger than the cross section or the thickness Ds in the area of the arches 23.

According to the invention, as shown for example in Fig. 3, both in front of the quick coupler 10 and after the quick coupler 10 there is at least one special chain link 20 in the chain cable. In the embodiment of the chain cable 50 in Fig. 3, directly in front of and behind the quick coupler 10 the two special cells 20 are mounted in the same mounting position as the quick coupler 10, while the cells 30 that connect the special cells 20 and the special cells with the quick coupler 10 are ordinary round links with a constant cross section DQ. As can be seen further in Fig. 3, standard links 40 made of a rod of constant cross-section can be mounted further away from the quick coupler.

According to the invention, the special links 20 are made in such a way that the outer width bs is the same or greater than the outer width bk of the mounted quick coupler 10 and / or the thickness Cs of the special link 20 on both arms 24 is equal to or greater than the thickness Ck on the outer arm 4 of the two closing parts 1, 2. In the schematically shown embodiment there are bs = bk and Cs = Ck. The outer contour of the outer leg 4 of the two closing parts 1, 2 corresponds here to the outer contour of the link arms 24 of the special links 20.

Chain tendons are particularly advantageous in such designs of special links 20 and quick couplers 10, where bs> bk and / or Cs> Ck, the percentage difference being slight. Both in the quick couplers 10 and in the special links 20, the cross section of the bends 3 and link bends 23 is the same. the diameter corresponds to the diameter of the rod DQ, which is appropriate for normal chain links 30, 40 in chain cable 50 according to Fig. 3.

In the chain strand according to the invention, the relations apply for all links according to which:

Dk = Ds. = DQ ^b s - ^b k

Cs ^- Ck

Rs = Rk es = ek

Figs 4 to 6 show a second alternative embodiment of a chain link 150 with special links changed in relation to the first embodiment, the same elements being marked with numbers increased by 100, and the same size of the links with the help of a reference. The quick coupler 10 for a chain cable 150 of the second embodiment is not shown and may have the form of FIGS. 1A, 1B.

The section of chain cable 150 shown in Fig. 4 shows normal links 130 and special links 120, where two normal links 130 are each mounted between two special links 120. The undrawn quick coupler 10 may each have the same mounting arrangement as two adjacent special links 120 and this way every time

The special link precedes and immediately follows the quick coupler 10, or between the quick coupler 10 and the preceding and following special link 120, there are two normal links 130 in each case.

The special links 120 shown in top and side views in FIGS. 5A and 5B are one-piece, forged elements with two link arches 123 of circular section D's and a curvature radius R's at the tip or outer portion of the arcs 123, and the fore zones extend with an approximately constant cross-section. 150 ° over bends. Both arcs 123 are joined by arms 124 which in the central part M have local protuberances denoted 125. They form elevations opposite transversely 126 of arms 124, the maximum constant thickness of C's in the area of local protuberances 125 being about 25% ± 10% greater than diameter of D's. The maximum width b's, which is again the same as or greater than the maximum width of the quick couplers 10, is approx. 10% 6% greater than the width of the normal links 130. As can be seen in Fig. 5A, the local beads 125 when viewed at the cross members 126 of the arms 124 have the form of a triangle with a straight outer surface, where the zone of this triangle of maximum constant thickness C's (FIG. 5B) in FIG. 5A is indicated by 127. The zone 127 of maximum constant thickness tapers from the outer sides 129 to the inner sides 161 of the legs 124 uniformly on both sides according to with a triangular geometry, free pulling of the chain rod is possible at different normal positions of the links including the arcs 123. On the cross members 126 there is a transition to zone 127 on a short, steep transition zone 128. On the outer sides 129 of link arms 124 a longitudinal transition zone is formed 160 with a sigmoid curve and a turning point, the radius curves between the turning point and the constant maximum width zone b's preferably corresponds to the cross section D's ± 15% of the link arcs 123. The length L of the constant width zone b's is approximately 28% ± 10 of the pitch T of the special chain links 120, i.e. 162 link arcs 123. The radius of curvature R'B in front of the turning point is many times the radius of curvature R'u to avoid an edge collision at the transition. The inner sides 161 of the link arms 124 are elliptically curved between the inner roundings 162 of the link bends 123 such that the inner width B'i on the median plane M of the special chain links 120 is 11 ± 5% greater than the inner width at the ends of the link bends 123 or the inner width. width of normal chain links 130.

No embodiments of the chain link have been drawn, in which each second, and therefore all links occupying the same position as the link containing the quick coupler 10 in the chain link, are special chain links. Moreover, the chain link is not drawn, in which a small number of special chain links in the same position as the quick coupler 10 are mounted directly in front of and immediately behind it.

The invention described above results in a number of modifications which are within the scope of the dependent claims. The representation of the quick coupler in Figs. 1A, 1B and 3 is exemplary only and cannot restrict the scope of protection. In chain locks other than those shown, the contour of the outer limb of the closing parts may have a different geometry, and according to the invention, the contour of the link arms will be adapted or slightly larger. Moreover, it has not been shown that special chain links can be used in which the matching of the outer contour of the link arms in the forged special links does not take place in the forging process, but is created by attaching or welding to normal chain links 30, 40, 130 abrasive elements whose the task is to adjust the cross-section of the link arms or their enlargement or local thickening with respect to the outer arms of the quick coupler 10. These and other modifications fall within the scope of the dependent claims.

Claims (16)

1.Chain tendon with horizontal chain links and vertical chain links, the link arms of which are connected by alternate link arches, inseparably passing through each other, having at least one quick coupler link connecting the two ends of the chain link, made of two parts connected with each other by a system bolt, tear-resistant, with separate division and locking surfaces on the arms, characterized by the fact that in the chain tie, before and after the quick coupler PL 205 095 B1 is fitted with a special chain link (20, 120) whose link arms (24, 120) have an outer width (bs, b's) and / or an outer thickness (Cs, C's) that are equal to or greater than the outer width (bk) or the outer thickness (Ck) of the arms (4, 5) of the compound quick coupler (10). 2. Chain tendon according to claim 3. The chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the width (bs) and / or thickness (Cs) of the link arms (24) of the chain links (20) is about 0-5%, preferably 0-2%, greater than the corresponding width (bk) or thickness (Ck). ) of the quick couplers (10). 3. Chain tendon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each time exactly one special chain link (20) is installed directly in front of and immediately after the quick coupler (10) in the same position as the quick coupler (10), or that more such special chain links (20), two to five in particular, are located immediately upstream and downstream of the quick coupler (10) in the same mounting position as the quick coupler (10). 4. Chain tendon according to claim The chain links according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all the links in the same mounting position as the quick coupler (10) are special chain links (20). Chain tendon according to claim 5 3. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that at least the third or sixth link upstream and downstream of the quick coupler (10) is made as a special link (20) or that each third link upstream and downstream of the quick coupler (10) is a special chain link (20). 6. The chain tendon according to claim 6, Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the special chain links (20) are forged and / or made as one-piece elements. 7. Towing chain according to claim The chain according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the special chain links have (20) applied, welded or otherwise attached abrasive elements. 8. Towing chain according to claim A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the link arms (24) of the special chain links (20) have a greater width (bs) and / or thickness (Cs) than their link arcs (23). 9. Chain hoist according to claim 8. The chain as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the link arches (23) of the special chain links (20) have the same cross-section, in particular the same diameter (Ds), as the cross-section, in particular the diameter (Dk) of the link arches of the lock part (1, 2) and / or links (30, 40). Chain tendon according to claim 10 8 or 9, characterized in that the link arches (23) of the special chain links (20) on the outside have the same radius of curvature (Rs) as the radius of curvature (Rk) of the arc (3) of the quick-release coupler (10) and / or the radius of curvature of the arches normal chain links (30, 40). 11. Chain tendon according to claim 11. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the link arms (124) of the special links (120) have local thickenings (125) in width (b's) and / or thickness (C's). 12. The chain tie according to claim 1, The method of claim 11, characterized in that the local protuberances (125) from the link arches (123) to the maximum width (b's) and / or thickness (C's) in the center (M) of the link arms (124) continuously build up continuously. 13. The chain tendon according to claim 1, The linkage according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the local bead (125) with the maximum width (b's) and / or maximum thickness (C's) on the outer sides (129) of the link arms (124) extends over a longer length (L) than on the inner sides. (161) link arms (124). 14. The chain tendon according to claim 12. A method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the local shoulder (125) on the cross members (126) of the link arms (124) has a zone (127) of constant maximum thickness (C's) and / or width (b's), preferably a zone (127) of constant maximum thickness (C's). maximum thickness (C's) has the geometric form of a triangle, circle, ellipse or yoke. Chain tendon according to claim 15 11. A method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the inner sides (161) of the link arms (124) of the special links (120) are curved, preferably in an elliptical shape, the inner width on these inner sides (161) increasing from the link arches (123) towards the center ( M) link arms (124). 16. The chain tendon according to claim 16 The linkage according to claim 11 or 15, characterized in that the outer sides (129) of the link arms (124) from the transition of the arches (123) to the local protuberances (125) have a curved or convex transition zone (160), especially an S-shaped curved one.