NZ619365B2 - Closure framing system - Google Patents

Abstract

head flashing element 1700 for facilitating the framing of an opening in a building having an outer cladding layer includes an eave formation 1700 with a portion extending laterally outwardly of the outer cladding layer of the building and along an outer surface of the outer cladding layer. An adjustable return 1604 is carried by the extending portion and is disposed to partially overlap the extending portion and in use to adjustably extend from the extending portion to and be positioned against the outer surface of the cladding. The adjustable return may include a flap 1605 that lays against the surface of the outer cladding. ustable return 1604 is carried by the extending portion and is disposed to partially overlap the extending portion and in use to adjustably extend from the extending portion to and be positioned against the outer surface of the cladding. The adjustable return may include a flap 1605 that lays against the surface of the outer cladding.

Description

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION CLOSURE FRAMING SYSTEM The present invention relates to a closure framing system. More particularly but not exclusively it relates to a system for use in framing an opening in a building construction.

New Zealand has had recent problems with poor standards of residential building construction, which have resulted in problems arising from these standards, such as leaky buildings syndrome. Building code requirements have now overcorrected to require several layers and/or fallback mechanisms to prevent ingress of rain water behind the weatherline of a construction, to thereby prevent rotting of the structural framing of the construction.

As an example, and as illustrated in figure 1, initially a plastic lining or building wrap 5010 is attached to the structural timber framing 5050 of the construction. The plastic lining 5010 extends completely over the opening, such as a door opening or window opening, and is then cut diagonally from corner to corner. The triangular sheets are then folded around the timber framing inwardly and stapled down.

A heavy flexible waterproof bitumen based or similar flashing tape 5015 is then used to cover the lower sill corner portions and continuously along the sill, as well as the upper corner portions of the opening.

At this stage, a closure frame 200 (whether it is for a door or a window 1900) is inserted into the opening. The closure frame 200 is aligned correctly by using shims (not shown) between the head, jamb and sill and the closure frame 200. At this stage reveal panels 5017 are connected to the frame by staples (not shown), and the reveal panels (also called "reveals") are fastened to the covered framing members 5050 by fasteners, such as screws or nails. A seal 300 in the form of a self expanding polyurethane foam, or similar sealant, is then used to seal the gap between the reveal and the plastic lining 5010.

An outer cladding layer 5300 is then installed on the outer surface of the building, leaving a cavity 5500 between the plastic sheeting and the inner surface of the cladding. The cavity is open to the atmosphere at the base of the building, so that rain or other casual water that gets past the outer cladding layer 5300 is able to dry out from airflow through the cavity.

Jamb scribers 5600 are typically also attached alongside the frame 200 for aesthetic value, and to prevent casual water moving between the frame 200 and the outer cladding layer 5300. An internal cladding layer 5400 such as drywalling is typically engaged with the reveal However, the large number of layers required to be set down, and the very specific order of installation required in order to meet suitable standards for waterproofing in New Zealand means that installation of closures such as doors and windows can be labour intensive to install, and can become a bottleneck in the development, as this is a procedure that must be carried out before internal fixings can be installed.

In this specification, where reference has been made to external sources of information, including patent specifications and other documents, this is generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the present invention. Unless stated otherwise, reference to such sources of information is not to be construed, in any jurisdiction, as an admission that such sources of information are prior art or form part of general knowledge in the art.

For the purposes of this specification, the term “plastic” shall be construed to mean a general term for a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products, and generally consisting of a hydrocarbon-based polymer.

For the purpose of this specification, where method steps are described in sequence, the sequence does not necessarily mean that the steps are to be chronologically ordered in that sequence, unless there is no other logical manner of interpreting the sequence.

For the purposes of this specification, the term “casual water” shall be construed to include but not be limited to liquid or solid water found in ambient atmospheric conditions and includes, but is not limited to rain, sleet, and snow.

For the purposes of this specification, the term “weatherline" shall be construed to mean the sealed periphery of a building beyond which casual water is not movable when the closures of that building are closed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a closure framing system and components therefore which overcomes or at least partially ameliorates some of the abovementioned disadvantages or which at least provides the public with a useful choice.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a first aspect, the invention may be said to broadly consist in a head frame assembly for use in a frame for closing an opening in a cladding carrying building structure, the head frame assembly comprising · a head frame member; and · a head flashing member configured to shield at least part of the head frame member from casual water; wherein the head frame member and head flashing member are engageable with each other in a sealed manner, and wherein the head flashing includes a lateral extension at either end, each lateral extension being adjacent the outward edge of the flashing and extending beyond the lateral edge of the head frame member, the lateral extension carrying an adjustable return to be disposed partially to overlap the lateral extension and to in use extend from the lateral extension to and be positioned against the outer surface of cladding.

In one embodiment, at least part of the head frame member and the head flashing member are movable relative each other operationally.

In one embodiment, at least part of one of the head frame member and the head flashing member are vertically movable relative to each other operationally.

In one embodiment, the building comprises a sealed outer surface, and the head flashing member is configured to be abutted with the sealed outer surface.

In one embodiment, and the head flashing member comprises a cavity closer formation for preventing the ingress of pests onto the cavity between the head flashing and the outer cladding layer of the building.

In one embodiment, one or more of the head frame member and head flashing member are configured for connection to a connecting arrangement.

In one embodiment, the head frame assembly comprises a connecting arrangement.

In one embodiment, the location of at least part of the head frame member and at least part of the head flashing member are adjustable relative to each other by means of an adjustable fastener.

In one embodiment, the head flashing member comprises an eave formation for shield at least part of the head frame member from casual water.

In one embodiment, the adjustable return includes a connection portion, a flashing portion which overlaps the upper surface of the lateral extension of the head flashing, and a flap portion which is flexible or movable such that the angle between the flap portion and the flashing portion may conform to a corner angle of an end of a scriber located under the lateral extension of the head flashing in use, with the flap portion located between the scriber and a cladding.

In a second aspect, the invention may be said to broadly consist in a head flashing member for facilitating the framing of an opening in a building having an outer cladding layer, the head flashing member comprising an eave formation comprising an extending portion configured to extend laterally outwardly of the outer cladding layer of the building, and along an outer surface of the outer cladding layer the extending portion carrying an adjustable return to be disposed partially to overlap the extending portion and to in use extend from the extending potion to and be positioned against the outer surface of cladding.

In one embodiment, the adjustable return includes a connection portion, a flashing portion which overlaps the upper surface of the extending portion, and a flap portion which is flexible or movable such that the angle between the flap portion and the flashing portion may conform to a corner angle of an end of a scriber located under the extending portion and in use, with the flap portion located between a scriber and a cladding of the outer cladding layer.

In one embodiment, the eave formation is configured for covering a top of a jamb scriber located at or towards a side of the opening.

Also herein described is a closure assembly for closing an opening in a building defining a sealed outer surface, the closure assembly comprising a frame with an inward face and an outward face and a perimetric sealing formation configured for sealing engagement on and with the sealed outer surface of the building around the perimeter of the opening, a sash supported by the frame at a depth in the frame outside the outward face of sealing formation away from the sealed outer surface, such that, when installed in the building in use, the sash is located completely external to the opening of the building.

In one embodiment, the closure assembly includes a reveal connected with the frame and extending from the inward face of the frame, the reveal in use extending into the opening of the building.

In one embodiment, the frame includes a sill with an upper surface facing the sash and a channel in the upper surface, and drains extending from the channel through the frame, the channel being located in the frame at a depth between the sash and the sealing formation.

In one embodiment, the sealing formation comprises a flange extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the opening, to overlap the outer surface of the wall of the building around the outside of the opening.

In one embodiment, the flange is continuous around the perimeter of the frame.

In one embodiment, the frame includes a head member, jamb members and a sill member and each of the head jamb and sill members includes a flange portion that are each part of the continuous flange.

In one embodiment, the frame includes a corner member which connects between a jamb member and a head member, and the corner member includes a flange portion which is part of the continuous flange.

In one embodiment, the flange portion of the corner member and the flange portion of the respective jamb member overlap, with the overlapping portion of the flange portion of the corner member being outside the overlapped portion of the flange portion of the jamb member.

In one embodiment, each drain leads into a conduit, and the conduit leads to an exit adjacent the outward face of the frame.

In one embodiment, the frame includes a corner member which connects between a jamb member and a sill member and the corner member includes the conduit.

In one embodiment, the jamb member comprises guide channels to guide casual water from an upper corner member to a lower corner member.

Also herein described is a a method of fitting a joinery unit to a building comprising the steps of: a) inserting a joinery unit partially into an opening in the wall of the building for a window or door, to a depth defined by a peripheral flange on the joinery unit; b) fixing the joinery unit through the flange onto the framing; and In one embodiment, providing a weather seal to span the abutment of the contiguous surfaces of the flange and framing.

Also herein described is a a closure assembly for closing an opening in a building, the closure assembly comprising a frame configured for being secured to the building, a sash supported in the frame, the frame including a head member and a sill member, a pair of jamb members extending between the head member and the sill member, a depth stop portion which sets a depth of insertion of the closure assembly into the opening of the building by butting against an outside face of the building, and a head flashing portion above the head member, extending from a plane substantially level with the depth stop portion to an edge beyond an outward edge of the head member and sloping downward as it extends outward.

In one embodiment, the closure assembly includes an outwardly extending wall portion above the head flashing portion, the outer edge of the wall portion defining a line of outer extent, the wall portion including a plurality of gaps or openings behind the line of outer extent, to form, alone, or in combination with a cladding in use, a plurality of cavity outlets.

In one embodiment, the wall portion includes a lip that extends upward and inward to partially over hang one or more of the gaps or openings.

In one embodiment, the head flashing portion includes a seal with the head member along its length, and the head flashing portion is supported in a fixed manner at either end relative to the head member, but is able to slide over the head member between its ends to accommodate flexing of the head flashing portion.

In one embodiment, the frame includes support members either end of the head flashing portion, which extend to a location that is a distance above the upper surface of the head flashing portion, such that a straight edge spanning between the support members is spaced above the surface of the head flashing portion.

In one embodiment, the support members are located on a corner member which connects the head member and one of the jamb members.

In one embodiment, the corner member also engages with the head flashing portion and includes an end dam which provides a lip at a lateral end of the head flashing portion.

In one embodiment, a head flashing member includes the head flashing portion and an outwardly extending wall portion above the head flashing portion, the outer edge of the wall portion defining a line of outer extent, with the wall portion including a plurality of gaps or openings behind the line of outer extent, to form, alone, or in combination with a cladding in use, a plurality of cavity outlets, and the corner member includes a cavity closer end dam which provides an upward lip at a lateral end of the outwardly extending wall portion.

In one embodiment, the cavity closer end dam includes a laterally extending, upwardly open trough, the trough including a collection surface which slopes downward in a direction toward the outwardly extending wall portion.

In one embodiment, the sill member includes a frame portion and a lower supporting portion extending downward, fixable to the face of the building below the opening in use.

In one embodiment, the sash is located within the frame at a depth between an outward face of the frame and the lower supporting portion, and the sill includes a brace member extending from the lower supporting portion to the frame portion at a location below or outward of the sash.

In one embodiment, the frame includes flange members spaced outwardly from the supporting portion and spaced inwardly from an outer face of the frame, the flange members extending from the frame generally in a plane parallel to a plane defined by the outer face of the frame.

In one embodiment, the sill member includes a flange member extending downward from the brace member at a location spaced from the supporting portion.

In one embodiment, the frame includes a sealing portion around its perimeter, the sealing portion extending from the frame to overlap the wall of the building around the opening of the building in use, and to be secured against the outer surface of the wall of the building, the sealing portion forming the depth stop portion.

In one embodiment, the frame includes upper corner connectors connecting the head member and each of the jamb members.

In one embodiment, the upper corner member is secured to the head and jamb members by a combination of fasteners and, in at least one location not accessible for inserting a fastener during or after assembly, a clip arrangement which self engages upon assembly of the corner member to one of the jamb or the head member.

In one embodiment, one or more of the head member and jamb members have square cut ends.

Also herein described is a method of manufacturing a joinery unit comprising: a) making a frame, b) assembling a head flashing to be supported by elements of the frame c) (after a)) assembling a sash to the frame, and after a), b) and c) packaging the joinery unit for transport.

In one embodiment, the method comprises: making a frame by connecting a head member to one end of each of a pair of jamb members, using, in each case, a corner member, and connecting a sill member to one end of each of the pair of jamb members using, in each case, a corner member.

In one embodiment, the method comprises square cutting a head member from a length of extruded head member stock.

In one embodiment, the method comprises square cutting a sill member from a length of extruded sill member stock.

In one embodiment, the method comprises square cutting jamb members from lengths of extruded jamb member stock.

In one embodiment, the method comprises assembling the head flashing to one or more of the corner connectors before or the same time as assembling the corner connectors and the head member.

In one embodiment, the method comprises manufacturing a sill member by extruding a sill stock including a supporting brace portion, subsequently cutting a length of the sill stock and removing an end portion of the supporting brace portion at either end of the cut length of sill stock, such that the sill member thus formed may receive a corner member at either end.

In one embodiment, the method comprises connecting a reveal to the frame.

Also herein described is building that includes a building frame defined opening at which there is received a closure frame for providing a closure to said opening said closure frame comprising sill frame and a jam frame connected to each other using the connecting arrangement as herein before described.

In one embodiment, the jam frame and head frame and sill frame are adapted and configured to hold a closure (e.g. window or door or other panel like member).

In one embodiment, the panel like member is planar and in a closure closing condition are parallel the plane of the building opening.

In one embodiment, the boundary between the weatherside of the closure frame and the inside of the closure frame is defined at the plane of the building opening.

Other aspects of the invention may become apparent from the following description, which is given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As used herein the term “and/or” means “and” or “or”, or both.

As used herein “(s)” following a noun means the plural and/or singular forms of the noun.

The term “comprising” as used in this specification and claims means “consisting at least in part of”. When interpreting statements in this specification [and claims] which include that term, the features, prefaced by that term in each statement, all need to be present but other features can also be present. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprised” are to be interpreted in the same manner.

The term “sash” as used in this specification and claims means all types of panels that can fit within a frame of a window of door. The sash for example can be the single or glazed glass panels, or the door itself. I.e. the sash can include any panel that fills the gap in a building hole.

This invention may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or collectively, and any or all combinations of any two or more of said parts, elements or features, and where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which this invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if individually set forth.) To those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, many changes in construction and widely differing embodiments and applications of the invention will suggest themselves without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The disclosures and the descriptions herein are purely illustrative and are not intended to be in any sense limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the drawings in which: Figure 1: shows a cutaway top view of a prior art jamb frame member; Figure 2: shows a schematic perspective view of a lower connecting arrangement; Figure 3: shows a front top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the front; Figure 4: shows a rear top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the rear; Figure 5: shows a top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the side; Figure 6: shows a front view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly; Figure 7: shows a side view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly; Figure 8: shows a top view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly; Figure 9: shows a cutaway side view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the centre of the head frame member; Figure 10: shows a top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the side in operation with an outer cladding layer; Figure 11: shows a cutaway side view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly in operation showing the outer cladding layer; Figure 12: shows a front view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly in operation showing the outer cladding layer; Figure 13: shows a top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the side, with the upper connecting arrangement removed; Figure 14: shows a top perspective view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the side, with the upper connecting arrangement and head flashing member removed; Figure 15: shows a top view of an upper left head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly, with the upper connecting arrangement and head flashing member removed; Figure 16: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member and window installed operationally on a building; Figure 17: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 18: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 19: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 20: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 21: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 22: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member mounted on a sill of a building; Figure 23: shows a cutaway side view of a head frame member and head flashing member installed in operation up against a soffit; Figure 24: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 25: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 26: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a concrete sill; Figure 27: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 28: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 29: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building; Figure 30: shows a cutaway side view of a head frame member installed in operation up against a soffit with a window; Figure 31: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 32: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a concrete sill; Figure 33: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 34: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 35: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 36: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 37: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 38: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 39: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a concrete sill with a window; Figure 40: shows a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 41: shows a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 42: shows a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 43: shows a perspective top rear view of a frame showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 44: shows a perspective lower front view of part of a frame showing the head frame assembly, jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 45: shows a perspective upper rear view of part of a frame showing the head frame assembly, jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 46: shows a perspective top front view of part of a frame for a deviated weatherline showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 47: shows a perspective lower front view of part of a frame for a deviated weatherline showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 48: shows a side cutaway view of a frame showing the head frame assembly, jamb frame member, sill frame member and lower connecting arrangement assembled; Figure 49: shows a close-up cutaway side view of the lower portion of figure 48 Figure 50: shows a perspective top front view of part of a frame showing the head frame assembly, jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 51: shows a perspective rear bottom view of part of a frame showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 52: shows a perspective front top view of part of a frame showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 53: shows a perspective front bottom view of part of a frame showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 54: shows a perspective rear bottom view of part of a frame for a deviated weatherline showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 55: shows a perspective rear bottom view of part of a frame showing the head frame assembly, jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 56: shows another embodiment of a perspective view of an upper right head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the front; Figure 57: shows another embodiment of a perspective view of an upper right head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the side; Figure 58: shows another embodiment of a perspective view of an upper right head frame assembly of a closure frame assembly from the front without a head flashing; Figure 59: shows another embodiment of a top view of an upper right head frame member and jamb member fixed together; Figure 60: shows another embodiment of a shows a perspective top front view of part of a frame showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 61: shows another embodiment of a perspective lower front view of part of a frame with a deviated weatherline showing the jamb frame member, lower connecting arrangement and sill frame member assembled; Figure 62: shows another embodiment of a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 63: shows another embodiment of a cutaway side view of a sill frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 64: shows another embodiment of a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 65: shows a cutaway side view of a mullion block connector installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 66: shows another embodiment of a perspective lower front view of a mullion block connector; Figure 67: shows another embodiment of a cutaway top view of a jamb frame member with a deviated weatherline installed operationally on a building with a window; Figure 68: shows another embodiment of a cutaway side view of a head flashing member and head frame member with a deviated weatherline installed operationally on a building with a window; and Figure 69: shows another embodiment of a cutaway side view of a sill member with a deviated weatherline installed operationally on a building with a window.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to the above drawings, in which similar features are generally indicated by similar numerals, a closure frame assembly according to a first aspect of the invention is generally indicated by the numeral 1000.

In one embodiment now described, there is provided a closure frame assembly 1000. The closure frame assembly 1000 incorporates a frame 1100 utilising a framing system as will be described below.

The closure frame assembly 1000 comprises a frame 1100 that is made up a of a series of elongate closure frame members 1500 as will be described below, preferably coupled by connecting arrangements as will be described in more detail below. Each frame member 1500 is preferably composed of extruded aluminium or other suitable material, although the use of plastic material is envisaged, as well as the use of injection moulding instead of extrusion as a manufacturing process for the forming of the frame members. The connecting arrangements are preferably injection moulded from a plastic material. The connecting arrangements could also be composed of some other mouldable or castable substance, such as aluminium or steel. The use of other moulding processes is also envisaged as a possibility, such as rotational moulding, blow moulding or even casting (if the connecting arrangement is composed of a metallic material) is also envisaged.

Each frame member 1500 is generally coupled with other closure frame members 1500 at coupling zones 1200, where they are preferably held in abutment with each other, and engage with each other at interfaces as will be described in more detail below.

The closure frame assembly 1000 generally also includes a sash, such as one or more of a door (not shown) or window 1900 in order to close an opening 5100 in a building 5000, although other closure means such as panelling are also anticipated. The buildings being referred to in this specification are typically of the types used for residential housing in Australia and New Zealand, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be useful for other construction types.

Such typical residential housing typically comprises a frame structure composed of timber (or other material) building frame members 5050. The timber frame structure is covered with a sealed plastic sheet 5010, also known as building wrap, which is typically waterproof and /or configured to provide a water barrier. It may allow airflow through it, which forms a sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000. An outer cladding layer 5300 is then overlaid over the sealed outer surface 5200. The outer cladding layer 5300 is typically composed of a tough and weatherproof substance, such as weather board, or a cladding that simulates brickwork, or the like. The outer cladding layer may at least partly enclose a cavity 5500 between the sealed outer surface 5200, in order to allow for airflow behind the cladding and to dry out any leakage that may have made its way behind the outer cladding layer 5300.

The spacing of the cavity 5500 from the sealed outer surface 5200 is usually defined by batons 5550 (shown in figure 24) that are fastened to the sealed outer layer. Leakage of water into the cavity 5500 is prevented by the sealed plastic sheet 5010 which prevents rotting the building frame members 5050. Airflow through the cavity then dries the water leakage up.

The closure frame assembly 1000 provides for the framing of the opening 5100 while providing a waterproof sealed weatherline (shown as reference line A in the figures) of the frame against the sealed outer surface 5200 as will be described in more detail. The weatherline A is defined by the sealed periphery of the closure frame assembly 1000. In general, the weatherline A is provided in a single plane coinciding with plane of the sealed outer surface of the building, except for certain deviations from that plane as will be explained below. Preferably the sash or window pane is located within the frame at a depth between an outward face of the frame and plane of the weatherline. The sash is supported by the frame at a depth in the frame between the outward face of the frame and the sealing formation, such that, when installed in the building in use, the sash/door or window is located external to the opening of the building.

It is envisaged that the framing system will replace the requirement for providing multiple layers of waterproofing when constructing a building by providing a frame 1100 utilising a framing system that is designed specifically for the purpose of managing casual water, such as rain, snow or hail, that is incident on the building at expected incident angles or running down a face side of a building, and of an intensity that may be encountered during extreme weather conditions.

It is envisaged that the frame and framing system so provided will also allow for convenient installation onsite as a single delivered frame, without excessive preparation work, as the frame itself is designed to provide for the bringing under control and subsequent management of casual water that is incident on the frame 1100 to guide casual water along predetermined paths to one or more predetermined points of departure from the frame, such as outlets at a lower region outside of the weatherline, as will be described below. Preferably any such outlets will be defined by the frame, and the control and management of casual water may include the use of reservoirs (such as containers or container members) for receiving and guiding flow of casual water.

It envisaged that by designing the frame to be sealed against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000, and to manage incident causal water in this way, significant cost and labour advantages can be obtained, both in installation of the closure frame assembly 1000, and in manufacture of the closure frame assembly 1000.

The frame 1100 generally comprises at least a pair of jamb frame members 1550 for operational installation in a vertical alignment around part of the periphery of the opening 5100, and preferably in alignment with a vertically aligned lip or edge of the periphery 5110.

The frame 1100 further comprises a head frame member 1630 for operational location in a substantially horizontal alignment along the horizontal periphery of the building opening, at or towards an upper side of the opening, and a sill frame member 1560, for operational location in a substantially horizontal alignment along the horizontal periphery 5110 of the building opening 5100, at or towards a lower portion of the opening. The head frame member 1630 and the sill frame member 1560 are coupled with the respective jamb frame members 1550 to preferably completely frame the periphery 5110 of the opening 5100 as an endless formation.

In one embodiment, the extruded jamb frame members may comprise one or more enclosed hollow conduits (not shown) within them. Such hollow conduits could be used to guide casual water from an upper region of the frame to a lower region in a controlled manner as will be described below.

The jamb members may be enclosed and hollow or not hollow as shown in figures 14 and 59 respectively.

The head frame member 1630 includes a collection channel, and the connector includes one or more apertures or notches aligned with an end of the collection channel, level with the base of the collection channel to allow for passage of water from the collection channel to be managed.

The head frame member 1630 will be coupled to the jamb frame member 1550 by an upper connecting arrangement 1300, which will secure the head frame member and the jamb frame member to each other, while preferably holding them in snug engagement with each other at an upper interface 1601.

The upper connecting arrangement 1300 preferably further rigidly couples a head flashing member 1700 to the jamb frame member 1550 and the head frame member 1630.

The upper connecting arrangement 1300 may be secured to the ends of the jamb head frame member and head flashing by fasteners, such as screws. However the head flashing is not accessible to screws where necessary clips 1051 are integrated into the upper connecting arrangement 1300 to clip to one of the members, such as the jamb frame member 1550 as shown in figure 58. Preferably the clips 1051 are push or snap type clips that engage in detents or holes in the member when the parts are assembled.

The head flashing member 1700, and the head frame member, and preferably the upper connecting arrangement 1300 together make up a head frame assembly 1600, as will be described in more detail below.

The jamb frame member 1550 and the sill frame member 1560 are rigidly coupled to each other by a lower connecting arrangement 1400, to hold the sill frame member 1560 and the jamb frame member 1550 in snug engagement and abutting with each other at a lower interface 1570.

Sealing flange The jamb frame members 1550, the sill frame member 1560, the head flashing member 1700, the upper connecting arrangement 1300 and the lower connecting arrangement 1400 each preferably comprise a sealing flange 1554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420 for operational engagement against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building at or towards the periphery of the opening. It is envisaged that such sealing flanges may be securely connected to the building frame members 5050 of the building 5000 over the sealed plastic sheet 5010 by means of fasteners such as screws 1050 (as shown in figure 17) that are fastened through fastening formations in each of the sealing flanges 554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420.

After this, it is envisaged that the sealing flanges 554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420 will be at least partially overlaid with a sealing layer 1010, which is also preferably a self adhesive, such as bitumen based tape, or the like, to thereby seal the outer edges of the sealing flanges 554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420 and the fastening formations from ingress of casual water. In this way, it can be seen that the outer periphery of the closure frame assembly 1000 is sealed against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000, to form a weatherline that is substantially coplanar with the sealed outer surface 5200, with some deviations as will be explained below.

In alternative embodiments there is adhesive or fixed insulating or weather tight/ hermetic sealing strips intermediate the sealing flanges and the building surface. The strips preferably are adhesive strips that adhere to either the sealing flange, the building, or both.

The strips may be composed of closed cell foam or other suitable material.

In alternative embodiments there is no auxiliary sealing mechanism apart from the frame itself, wherein the sealing flange 1564 is fixed hard to the building framing with no additional seals, such as tape or foam strip, and provides a sufficient enough seal in itself to satisfy performance requirements.

It will be appreciated that the term ”sealing flange” as used in this specification is intended to be used loosely to include other suitable formations configured for presenting an adequate surface against which a sealing tape or similar can be applied, and includes, but is not limited to flanges with additional ancillary formations extending from the flange.

The sealing flange 1564 of the sill frame member 1560 may be further adapted to seal against a concrete or cement sill 5800 as shown in figure 26 (for example where the closure fame assembly 1000 includes a door). Such a concrete or cement sill 5800 would not be typically covered by the sealed plastic sheet 5010, and would not facilitate the adhesion of a self adhesive sealing tape where the sill frame member was located against such a sill. In such a case, the sill frame member 1560 will preferably comprise seal locating formations 1566 and a seal formation 1567. The seal locating formations 1566 are configured and adapted for operationally locating the seal formation 1567 against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the sill.

It is envisaged that the seal formation 1567 and seal locating formations 1566 will extend substantially along the entire length of the sill frame member 1560. The seal formation comprises a foot portion 1568 and a sealing portion 1569. The foot portion 1568 engages with and is located by the seal locating formations 1566. The sealing portion extends towards the sealed outer surface 5200, to seal against it. In this way, casual water is prevented from moving upwardly between the sealing flange 1564 and the sealed outer surface 5200, whether by capillary motion or driven by wind or the like.

It is further envisaged that a sealing formations such as a foam patch (not shown) may be provided for sealing the lower corners, or the entire length, of the frame between the seal formation 1567 and the bitumen sealing layer 1010 where it is between the sealing flange of the jamb frame member and the concrete sill 5800. In this way it is envisaged that a leak in the sealed weatherline will be prevented from occurring.

The sealing flange 1564 of the sill frame member 1560 also acts as a supporting flange member for supporting the weight or at least a large part of the weight of the closure frame assembly 1000, and accordingly similar reference numerals are used to describe them.

The supporting flange member 1564 is configured for abutment against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000 at or towards the lower periphery 5110 of the opening 5100. The supporting flange member 1564 comprises fastening formations 1563 for fastening the supporting flange to the sealed outer surface, preferably by fasteners 1565, such as screws.

It will be appreciated that wherever screw type fasteners have been described, appropriate alternative fasteners could also be used.

Support member In order to facilitate the support of the weight or at least a large part of the weight of the closure frame assembly 1000, the sill frame member 1560 comprises a substantially diagonally extending support member 1561 that extends between the supporting flange member 1564 and a frame portion 1562 (shown in figure 19) of the sill frame member 1560.

The frame portion is configured to engage with and preferably guide a closure or sash such as a door or window 1900. Preferably the diagonally extending support member 1561, the supporting flange member 1564 and the frame portion 1562 are all integrally formed, and preferably composed of extruded aluminium. However in an alternative embodiment (not shown), the diagonally extending support member 1561, the supporting flange member 1564 and the frame portion 1562 may be securely connectable to each other via connecting formations (not shown) In this way a sill frame member may be assembled as part of the closure frame assembly off site, without having the handling and logistics problems of having to provide and assemble a separate supporting structure, as is currently provided on site.

Flashing flange Further; the jamb frame members 1550, the upper connecting arrangement 1300 and the lower connecting arrangement 1400 each preferably also comprise a flashing flange 1552, 1340 and 1430. The sill frame member 1560 and the head frame member 1630 may also comprise such a flashing flange in an alternative embodiment (not shown). The flashing flange 1552, 1340 and 1430 provides an engagement surface against which an inner surface 5310 of the outer cladding layer is engageable. The flashing flange 1552, 1562, 1340 and 1430 is preferably located at a distance d (as shown in figure 11) from the sealing flange.

The distance d defines the width of the cavity that is being enclosed by the outer cladding layer and is typically expected to be between 20 mm and 50mm in width, although larger widths are also envisaged.

In another embodiment, it is envisaged that no such flashing flanges may be provided where no cavity is required. This would be the case where, for example, claddings are used that fix directly to the sealed outer surface.

The flashing flanges 1552, 1340 and 1430 preferably extend generally in a common plane around the periphery of the closure frame assembly.

The flashing flange 1430, located on the sill member preferably acts as a drip edge.

The drip edge prevents water from running to the bottom of the diagonally extending support member 1561, as the water forms a drip at the flashing flange 1430 and falls of behind the cladding.

In particular embodiments it is envisaged that the flashing flange 1430 is only a drip edge and does not support the cladding at all.

In further embodiments the flashing flanges 1552 1340 do not support or engage with the cladding, and are more a 'middle line of defence' to prevent water from the wet side of the jamb flashing from entering into the dry side, i.e. the dry cavity.

It will be appreciated that the term ”flashing flange” as used in this specification is intended to be used loosely and may include other suitable formations configured for presenting an abutment surface against which an outer cladding layer can be abutted to define a cavity between the outer cladding layer and the sealed outer surface, and includes, but is not limited to flanges with additional ancillary formations extending from the flange.

The sealing flanges 554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420 also preferably extend in a common plane, and preferably in the same plane as the sealed outer surface 5200. It is envisaged that in a preferred embodiment, the common plane of the flashing flanges 1552, 1562, 1340 and 1430 and the common plane of the sealing flanges 554, 1564, 1705, 1320 and 1420 will lie substantially parallel to each other, and preferably be separated by distance d to define the width of the cavity 5500 between them.

It is envisaged that the jamb frame members 1550, the sill frame member 1560 and optionally the head frame member 1630 will include a cladding receiving channel 1505 into which an edge of the outer cladding layer 5300 is receivable. In this way, the outer lip 1506 of the cladding receiving channel acts to shield the gap between the edge and the frame members to restrict water ingress between them. The head flashing member 1700 could also include a flashing flange in an alternative embodiment (not shown). Such a flashing flange for the head flashing member 1700 may have dual benefits in acting as a flashing flange, and as a cavity closer formation 1720 to prevent ingress of pests (not shown) into the cavity 5500, as will be described in more detail below.

Head frame assembly The head frame assembly 1600 comprises the head frame member 1630 and head flashing member.

In one embodiment, the head frame assembly 1600 is an integral unit (not shown).

In this embodiment the head flashing member, or sealing flange associated with the head flashing member is fixed to the lintel. The head flashing member in this embodiment is able to slide vertically with respect to the lintel. The sliding ability can be provided by fixing the head member to the lintel by vertically slotted fixing holes.

In a preferred embodiment the head frame member 1630 is securely connected to the head flashing member by the upper connecting arrangement 1300. The connection or interengagement of the head frame member 1630 and head flashing member may also or otherwise comprise at least one inwardly turned edge of the head flashing engaging below an outwardly extending edge of the head member.

The head frame member 1630, as well as the other closure frame members 1500 are substantially elongate and preferably function to provide seating for one or more closures such as a door or a window, which in turn may have their own frame (not shown).

The head flashing member 1700 comprises the sealing flange 1705 which is securely fastened to the sealed outer surface by fasteners 1542. It is expected that the building frame members 5050 of the building will sag over time, which sagging will occur more where the building frame members 5050 are least supported (i.e. towards the centre of the head flashing member). The sagging of the building frame members 5050 will transfer force to the head flashing member 170, causing it to sag as well.

If the head flashing member 1700 was rigidly secured along its length to the head frame member, the head flashing member would transfer stress from the sagging fame 5050 to the head frame member 1630, causing it to sag as well and interfering with the operation of the door or window.

For this reason, it is important that the closure frame members 1500 do not sag under the weight of the building over time, as this could prevent or hinder movement of the closure between an open and a closed position.

In order to prevent or significantly reduce sag in centre of the head frame member 1630, the head frame member 1630 is connected at its ends to the head flashing member 1700 by means of fasteners 1603, preferably in the form of screws which are secured in aligning securing formations 1602 in the upper connecting arrangement 1300, the head frame member 1630 and the head flashing member1700; while the centre of the head frame member 1630 is movable relative to the head flashing member 1700.

While the head frame member 1630 is securely fastened to the head flashing member 1700 at its ends, the head fame member 1630 and head flashing member 1700 are configured to engage with each other in a movable manner along the rest of their length. To this end there is provided an engaging arrangement 1660 configured to allow sealed sliding movement of the head flashing member 1700 relative to the head frame member 1630.

While the figures only show the head flashing member that is movably connected to the frame member, it will be appreciated that each of the jamb frame members 1550 and/or the sill frame members 1560 may also be composed of a fixed portion 1810 (shown in figure 17) that is operationally fixed to frame members 5050 of the building 5000, and a movable portion 1800 that is preferably movable relative to the fixed portion in a sliding manner. The movable portion is preferably slidably moveable relative to the fixed portion in at least a direction parallel to the sealed outer surface 5200, and possibly also transversely to the sealed outer surface. Preferably the movable portion also maintains a sealed engagement with the fixed portion as it moves. This may have desirable properties where buildings are subject to frequent ground movement (for example from earthquakes or building settlement), so that the movable portion is not damaged by movement of the fixed portion, and in turn does not damage the window or door that is being framed. This may also provide increased safety in that the door or window has a greater chance of being openable after the frame of a building has been moved by movement of the ground.

It is envisaged that in an alternative embodiment (not shown) the fixed portion and the movable portions could be engageable with each other by means of a sealing engaging arrangement such as that described above for the head flashing member and the head frame member. The sealing engaging arrangement will extend at least partially, and preferably substantially entirely, around the periphery of the movable portion.

It is also envisaged that the movable portion may be engageable with the fixed portion by means of a selection of sets of engaging formations that are engageable with one or more sets of complementary engaging formations, to thereby allow for the movable portion to be adjusted to extend further from the opening. In this way, the flashing flange, which would preferably be associated with the movable portion, could be adjusted to account for outer cladding layers of varying thicknesses.

The head flashing member 1700 is for shielding the top of the head frame member 1630 from casual water operationally, to prevent water from running off the head frame member 1630 and into the cavity 5500. For this reason, the head flashing member 1700 comprises an eave formation 1740. When the head flashing member 1700 is installed operationally, the eave formation 1740 extends over the head frame member 1630 to shield it from rain water or the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the eave formation of the head flashing member 1700 comprises an extending portion 1742. The extending portion 1742 is configured to extend laterally outwardly of the outer cladding layer 5300 of the building, and adjacent and laterally along an outer surface 5320 of the outer cladding layer 5300. The extending portion 1742 is used to cover an ends of the head frame member 1630 and /or the top end of a jamb frame member 1550. The extending portion 1742 also preferably extends over a top end of a jamb scriber 5600, to restrict water incident on the top end, and to present an aesthetically desirable finish to the closure frame assembly 1000.

Where the extending portion 1742 extends outside of the outer cladding layer, the distance from the outer surface 5320 of the outer cladding layer 5300 to an inner edge of the extending portion 1742 may vary depending on how and where the outer cladding layer was cut when fitting it to the building. Having a large gap between the outer surface 5320 of the outer cladding layer 5300 to an inner edge of the extending portion 1742 is aesthetically undesirable.

For this reason an adjustable shielding formation 1604 is provided that covers the gap (shown as reference numeral G in figure 10) between the outer surface 5320 of the outer cladding layer 5300 and the inner edge of the extending portion 1742. The shielding formation is adjustable depending on the size of the gap G to be covered. The shielding formation is preferably engageable with the extending portion 1742 in a sliding fashion, along one or more guiding track arrangements (not shown). Providing such an adjustable shielding formation 1604 is particularly useful where "bevel back" type weatherboard is used as the outer cladding layer, where it does not present an outer (or inner face) that extends at uniform distance from or parallel to the sealed outer surface.

Prior art cladding was horizontally notched (saw cut) to enable the cladding to be let around the head flashing surface that penetrated through or overhang past the cladding.

This notch was then subsequently sealed with a wet sealant.

In a preferred embodiment the cladding face has a substantially right angled cut to create an opening to allow the cladding to sit over the flashing. The adjustable shielding formation 1604 pushes up to the cladding face, rather than trying to go through it. The adjustable shielding formation 1604, being front and face mounted to the cladding improves the current situation where the head flashing lateral extension beyond the window jambs was not notched in itself.

Preferably a flap 1605 is provided that is hingeably attached to the adjustable shielding formation 1604 on both sides of the assembly. The flap 1605 helps form a seal between the cladding and the head flashing. The flap portion is flexible or movable such that the angle between the flap portion and the flashing portion may conform to a corner angle of an end of a scriber / or cladding located under the lateral extension of the head flashing in use, with the flap portion located between the scriber and a cladding. The flap 1605 prevents wind and water from being driven up between the scriber or cladding and the head flashing. The flap 1605 is connected via a slide in hinge arrangement, with the flap comprising a rod at its upper edge which can slide into a complimentary slot on the adjustable shielding formation 1604. The flap 1605 may be rubber or plastics, or thin aluminium.

In one embodiment, where the cladding layer is a thick layer (such as when a brick veneer is used as shown in figures 27 -29 and 58), the cladding layer may not extend behind the extending portion 1742. In such cases, it is envisaged that the extending portion 1742 would be cut to only extend as far to the side as to align with an outer edge of the jamb frame member. The adjustable shielding formation 1604 would in such a case be used to close the entire gap between the extending portion 1604 and the sealing flange and would not necessarily need to be adjustable as shown in figure 58.

Cavity closer formation The head flashing member 1700 further comprises a cavity closer formation 1720 that serves to close the gap between the sealing flange 1705 and an inner surface 5310 of the outer cladding layer, to thereby prevent ingress of pests. It is envisaged that the cavity closer formation preferably comprises a U-shaped formation that extends outwardly from the sealing flange 1705 and then upwardly substantially co-planarly with at least part of the inner surface 5310 of the outer cladding layer 5300. The U-shaped formation acts as a drainage channel 1730 from which casual water that makes its way behind the outer cladding layer can be drained in a controlled fashion. In a preferred embodiment, the cavity closer formation 1720 and sealing flange 1705 together form a U-shape or H-shape. However, it will be appreciated that a wide variety of configurations are possible, including inclined or declined formations, L-shaped, or even just extend as a single transverse flange from the sealing flange.

Preferably the cavity closer formation 1720 comprises a turnback 1724 section that extends back towards the sealing flange 1705 at its highest point as shown in figure 62. The turnback 1724 controls airflow so water draining through the cavity closer is not blown back up through the holes onto the back of the cladding and/or onto the building wrap. The turnback may extend back so far that it overhangs the drainage slots 1722.

The cavity closer formation 1720 further includes drainage slots 1722 or apertures in it for drainage of any water that may accumulate on top of the cavity closer formation 1720. Water draining through the drainage slots would run down over the eave formation 1740. Preferably the drainage slots 1722 have an openable are to allow water to pass through to the eave formation 1740 of 1000mm /m. The drainage slots 1722 can be of any shape, as long as they are big enough to be anti-capillary and small enough to prevent rodents, vermin or larger insects or bugs through.

In alternative embodiments the drainage slots are in the form of gaps (not shown), instead of holes or slots. When combined and adjacent the cladding, the gaps form a hole or slot. The outer edge of the wall portion / cladding defines a line of outer extent that when assembled, makes contact with the cavity closer formation 1720. The wall portion / cladding includes a plurality of gaps or openings behind the line of outer extent, to form, alone, or in combination with a cladding in use, a plurality of cavity outlets / drainage slots.

At the ends of the cavity closer formation 1720 towards the jambs 1550 are overlapping portions 1723 which direct casual water towards the cavity closer. Preferably the overlapping portion 1723 extends as far as possible away from the window frame in a direction parallel with the cladding, and perpendicular to the jambs, so as to catch as much casual water as possible and direct it towards the cavity closer to be managed as shown in figure 56. The overlapping portions 1723 are laterally extending, upwardly open troughs, the troughs including a collection surface which slopes downward in a direction toward the cavity closer formation 1720.

The upper connecting arrangement 1300 connects the head frame member 1630 to the head flashing member 1700 and the jamb frame member 1550 by means of the fasteners 1603 that engageable through aligned securing formations 1602 in the form of holes.

As shown in figure 17 and 20, the engaging arrangement 1660 comprises a sealing member 1670 that is engageable within a sealing seat formation 1672 at a sealing surface 1673. If the sealing seat formation 1672 moves up or down, the sealing member 1670 moves along the sealing surface 1673 on the inside of the sealing seat formation 1672 while retaining a sealed interface between the head flashing member 1700 and the head frame member 1630.

It is envisaged that the sealing member 1670 will comprise a foot portion 1674 and a seal portion 1676. The foot portion 1674 is engageable with seal engaging formations 1677 that run substantially the length of the head frame member 1630, that retain the sealing member 1670 in position. In this way, the head flashing member 1700 is able to sag under the force of the sagging building frame members 5050, without causing the head frame member 1630 to sag.

In the embodiments shown, the head flashing member 1700 includes sealing seat formation 1672, and the head frame member 1630 comprises the sealing member 1670, although this need not necessarily be the case. It will also be appreciated that a wide variety of sealing configurations are possible for allowing sealed relative movement between the head flashing member 1700 and the head frame member 1630.

The head frame assembly 1600 may further comprise an adjustable fastener 1610 in the form of a threaded screw 1620 that engages with complementary thread formations in both the head frame member 1630 and/or head flashing member 1700. The adjustable fastener 1610 is preferably located intermediate the length of the head frame member 1630 and head flashing member 1700. The adjustable fastener 1610 allows for the relative distance between the head flashing member 1700 and the head frame member 1630 at a point intermediate their ends to be adjusted for sag, while retaining the rigidity of the connection between them.

Where the head flashing member has sagged under the weight of a sagging building frame member 5050, it will cause the head frame member 1630 to sag. The force on the head frame member 1630 can be released by adjusting the threaded fastener.

It is envisaged that the frame closure assembly 1000 may in some instances be used with the head frame member located immediately adjacent a soffit panel 5710 (as shown in figures 30 and 23). This method of building is especially used on the South Island of New Zealand. In such an instance, shielding of the top of the head frame member 1630 by an eave formation on a head flashing member is not typically required, as it is unlikely that casual water would be incident on an upper surface of the head frame assembly if it is already shielded by the soffit 5700. However, an instance of using a head flashing member to shield the head frame member in such usage is shown in figure 23.

In such a case, and as shown in figures 23 and 30 it is envisaged that the head frame member may instead be shielded from casual water operationally by locating a finishing bead alongside the head frame member.

In an embodiment where a head flashing member is not provided, for example where the area on the sealed outer surface between the edge of the opening and the soffit panel 5710 is not large enough for the location of a head flashing member, then it is envisaged that a sealing configuration as shown in figure 30 will be used. The head frame assembly 1600 shown in figure 30 comprises a head frame member 1630. The head frame member 1630 comprises an engaging arrangement 1660 configured for engaging with a sealing member 1670 along the length of the head frame member 1630. The engaging arrangement 1660 comprises seal engaging formations 1677 in the form of a sealing seat formation 1672.

The sealing member shown in figure 20 includes a foot portion 1674 and a seal portion 1676.

The foot portion 1674 is receivable into the sealing seat formation 1672 along the length of the head frame member. The seal portion 1676 is similar to that shown in figure 23 although the seal portion 1676 extends out further from the foot portion, to allow the seal portion to be folded back operationally to lie between the head frame member and the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000, to create a sealed or sealing engagement operationally between the two. This sealed engagement defines part of the sealed weatherline.

As mentioned above the upper connecting arrangement 1300 comprises a sealing flange that is configured to align in abutment and coplanarly with the sealing flanges 1554, 1705 of the jamb frame member 1550 and the head flashing member 1700 respectively along the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000.

In order to manage casual water flowing downwardly from the head flashing member 1700 to the upper connecting arrangement, the sealing flange 1705 of the head flashing assembly 1700 and the sealing flange 1320 of the upper connecting arrangement 1300 overlap in order to reduce casual water leakage between them.

Similarly, the sealing flange 1320 of the upper connecting arrangement 1300 and the sealing flange 1554 of the jamb frame member 1550 overlap at an overlapping portion to prevent or at least reduce leakage of casual water between the upper connecting arrangement 1300 and the jamb frame member 1550 towards the sealed outer surface 5200. To this extent an overlapping portion 1321 is provided that extends out of plane of the sealing flanges.

While in the embodiments shown, the head frame member 1630 does not comprise a sealing flange, it is envisaged that the head frame member 1630 could include such a sealing flange, and this sealing flange could be configured to overlap with the sealing flange of the upper connecting arrangement 1300.

In a similar fashion, each lower connecting arrangement 1400 also comprises a sealing flange 1420 that overlap with the sealing flange 1554 of the jamb frame member 1550 in order to at least partially reduce leakage of casual water between the abutting sealing flanges 1420, 1554.

In addition to the overlapping of the respective sealing flanges, the flashing flanges 1340, 1430 and 1552 of the upper connecting arrangement 1300, lower connecting arrangement 1400, and jamb frame member 1550 respectively are preferably also configured to overlap each other in order to manage the flow of casual water along an outer face of the flashing flanges 1340, 1430 and 1552.

It is envisaged that the flashing flange 1340 of the upper connecting arrangement 1300 can comprise a flared portion (not shown) for providing additional protection against water splashing between the outer cladding layer 5300 and the flashing flange 1340. The flared portion will extend coplanarly with the rest of the flashing flange 1340 assist in preventing the ingress of casual water behind the outer cladding layer of the building, for example by splashing or driven by wind.

Upper connecting arrangement The upper connecting arrangement 1300 is preferably composed of a single integrally moulded connector member 1305.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper connecting arrangement 1300 comprises an end stop formation 1360. The end stop formation 1360 is configured for at least partially restricting flow of casual water along the length of the head frame member 1630 and/or the head flashing member 1700 (for example along the cavity closer formation 1720 towards one of its opposed two ends 1710), and into the cavity 5500 behind the outer cladding layer 5300.

In a preferred embodiment, the end stop formation 1360 preferably extends from the sealing flange of the head flashing member to a point outwardly of or aligned with an outer surface 5320 of the outer cladding layer 5300.

The end stop formation 1360 has a dual function in that it also acts as a spacer for spacing the alignment of the outer cladding layer 5300 at a distance from the eave formation 1740 when the outer cladding layer 5300 is being installed. Such spacing may be necessary to prevent the outer cladding layer 5300 from being positioned too closely to the eave formation 1740, so that water running down an inner surface 5310 of the outer cladding layer 5300 is prevented from running down over the eave formation 1740. The preferred distance between the top of the cladding and the eave formation 1740, i.e. the height of the end stop formation 1360 above the formation 1740, is 6mm. However many other distances are possible and within the scope. Preferably this height can be adjusted for different cladding systems, building styles, or personal preferences.

The end stop formation 1360 could also extend to at least partially restrict the flow of casual water along the length and off an end of the head frame member 1630. In a preferred embodiment, this the upper connecting arrangement includes a drainage passage 1370 in the form of an aperture 1372, but which could also be a conduit or recess (not shown) that allows flow of casual water from the top of the head frame member down the jamb frame member, preferably in a controlled fashion.

In the embodiment shown, the drainage passage 1372 aligns with a drainage aperture 1559 in the jamb frame member 1550, although this may not be the case. It is envisaged that in another embodiment (not shown), the upper connecting arrangement 1300 could provide for a similar drainage passage to drain casual water from the top of the cavity closer formation 1720 on the head flashing member 1700.

In a preferred embodiment, it is envisaged that any casual water drained from the top of the head frame member 1630 or the cavity closer formation 1720 will be managed in a controlled fashion to run down the jamb frame member 1550. To this end, the upper connecting arrangement 1300 may be configured to guide the casual water into an enclosed conduit (not shown) in the jamb frame member 1550 for example if the jamb frame member is a hollow extruded body.

Such a configuration may include a conduit (not shown) that guides water to an outlet above such an enclosed conduit in the jamb frame member.

Alternatively or additionally, the upper connecting arrangement 1300 may be configured to guide water downwardly along the jamb member by providing guiding formations such as tapered flanges, in a way that uses surface tension of the casual water to ensure that the water stays in contact with the upper connecting arrangement 1300 and jamb frame member 1550 as it slides downwardly, without dripping off the jamb frame member 1550 or upper connecting arrangement 1300. It will be appreciated that such formations could include a wide variety of configurations, such as tapered or sloping formations 1380 terminating adjacent the surface of the jamb frame member as shown in Figure 57.

In another embodiment, it is envisaged that water could be allowed to drip from the upper connecting arrangement 1300, but only after being guided to specially configured formations that allow it to drip from predetermined positions, so that the dripping water can be managed where it is expected to land.

Lower connecting arrangement The lower connecting arrangement 1400 also facilitates the management of water received down the jamb frame member 1550 (either running down the jamb frame member 1550 or dripping down alongside the jamb frame member) as will be described below. It is also envisaged that in one embodiment (not shown) the lower connecting arrangement can be configured for receiving water running down a hollow cavity (not shown) in a jamb frame member.

In further embodiments, the lower connecting arrangement 1400 also collects condensation formed inside the sash / glass pane that has accumulated in the condensation channel on the inside of the sash / glass pane.

The lower connecting arrangement 1400 is configured to couple the sill frame member 1560 and the jamb frame member 1550 in securely and in snug engagement with each other. The sill frame member 1560 and the jamb frame member 1550 engage in abutment with each other at a lower interface 1570. The sill frame member 1560 is connected at its ends to the jamb frame members 1550 by means of fasteners 1547 which are secured in aligning securing formations 1546 (in the form of holes) in the jamb frame members 1550, the lower connecting arrangement 1400 and the sill frame member 1560.

The lower connecting arrangement 1400 comprises a connector member 1410 that includes engaging formations 1414 for snugly engaging with the jamb frame member and the sill frame member to locate the lower connecting arrangement 1400 against them.

The connector member 1410 defines an inlet formation 1412 configured to present an opening or mouth 1413 operationally for receiving casual water moving down the jamb frame member 1550, either a drips falling down alongside the jamb frame member, running down the outside of jamb frame member as shown in Figure 60 by annotation W, or (in an embodiment not shown) running down an enclosed conduit (not shown) in the jamb frame member. Preferably, the mouth 1413 running about the outside of the jamb member catches any casual water W running down the jamb member or jamb flashing.

The connector member 1410 further defines a conduit portion 1411 and a container or reservoir portion 1416 for guiding and holding water received through the mouth 1413, and a comprises an outlet portion 1418 that includes an outlet formation 1419 that defines an outlet in the form of an aperture 1417 for the casual water to run out of the lower connecting arrangement 1400. In a preferred embodiment, the outlet formation 1419 is configured to engage snugly with a bottom end of the jamb frame member 1550 to provide an aesthetically tidy outlet. It is envisaged that the outlet formation 1419 could engage snugly with the sill frame member 1560 as well as or instead of the jamb frame member 1550.

Preferably the outlet formation 1418 is configured so that operationally, casual water flowing out of the outlet 1417 is deposited at a point preferably outside of the outer cladding layer, a point below the cladding layer and/or to a point on an inner surface of the outer cladding layer, so that it can run down the inner surface without contacting the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building 5000. Casual water collected in the lower connecting arrangement 1400 is thus deposited in a controlled fashion to a point outside of the weatherline and where it cannot create rotting of structural frame members or other issues associated with damp.

It is envisaged that any of the inlet formation 1412, conduit portion 1411, reservoir portion 1416 and outlet portion 1418 of the lower connecting arrangement 1400 may be made up of individual members connected to each other; however an integrally formed moulded connector member 1410 is preferred as this will facilitate better sealing against water leakage.

The container portion 1416 has a further function in that it is configured for receiving casual water moving between the lower interface 1570 between the sill frame member 1560 and the jamb frame member 1550, and guiding the casual water to the outlet 1417.

Preferable, it is envisaged that the generally inner portion of the lower connecting arrangement 1400 that is sealed against the jamb frame member and/or sill frame member preferably provides an unbroken sealed surface to a point as high up under the jamb frame member and/or sill frame member as possible as shown in figure 63 . For this reason, it is envisaged that the jamb frame members and/or sill frame member may be provided with a recess, such as a slot in their lower surface operationally, into which an inner wall of the lower connecting arrangement 1400 can extend. The recess would preferably extend parallel with the sill frame member.

In this way any casual water, that is incident on the top of the sill frame member and which makes its way between sill frame member 1560 and the jamb frame member 1550 via the lower interface 1570, is carefully managed to prevent it from penetrating the weatherline of the closure frame assembly 1000.

The lower connecting arrangement may in some embodiments not provide any connecting function between the sill frame member and the jamb frame member, but merely provide a receptacle or conduit for water.

In a preferred embodiment, it is envisaged that most, if not all interfaces between frame members, will be located outwardly of the plane of the weatherline (coinciding with the plane of the sealing flanges). Further, any interfaces that extend inwardly of the weather line will be sealed by sealing formations (not shown). This configuration is envisaged especially where the frame frames a window 1900, as the width of a window is relatively narrow compared to a door.

In this way water leakage between any interfaces is kept outside of the weatherline, in "wet" regions where casual water is expected, while retaining areas within the weatherline as 'dry' areas, and water is able to be managed outside of the weatherline where the likelihood of contact with or leakage past the sealed outer surface is reduced.

It is envisaged that management of water running down or dripping alongside the jamb frame member may be handled differently for frames that frame a door (not shown), and frames that frame a window closure 1900.

Receptacle Frames for framing doors can be expected to extend further inwardly into the opening than frames for framing windows, due to doors generally being wider than windows, and because doors can also be typically expected to comprise two or even more separate parallel door panels that run in several parallel guiding channels 1561 (as shown in figure 46) that guide movement of the door panels. These guiding channels are typically defined by the sill frame member. As the sill frame member of a frame for a door is also expected to be lower to the floor, it is also more likely to receive casual water incident on it. For this reason, there is also more likely to be leakage of casual water through the lower interface.

If the largest portion of the interface between a jamb frame member and a sill frame member were to extend outside of the plane of the sealing flanges, the door frame could be expected to extend far outwardly of the sealed outer surface, which may not always be desirable, either due to space or aesthetic constraints.

For this reason, it is envisaged that frames for framing doors will include a separate receptacle as shown in figures 2, 46, 47 and 54, that is located inwardly of the plane of the sealing flanges for receiving casual water leaking between the lower interface 1570. The receptacle could be a portion of the lower connecting arrangement, or could be mounted separately and operate independently of the lower connecting arrangement.

The receptacle comprises engaging formations 1462 configured for facilitating the snug engagement of at least part of the receptacle with the jamb frame member and the sill frame member, and optionally the connector member 1410. In the embodiments shown, the engaging formations 1462 comprise a sealing flange 1463 configured for alignment with the sealing flange of the jamb frame member. The receptacle further comprises a conduit portion 1464 for receiving casual water moving between the interface, and guiding the received casual water operationally to deposit said casual water outside of the weatherline from an outlet portion 1466. The outlet portion comprises outlet formations 1467 defining a receptacle outlet 1468. Both the receptacle and lower connecting arrangement 1400 comprise a forward leaning slope at the base of said receptacle and/or lower connecting arrangement 1400, towards the external cladding, to aid water discharge to the outlet.

The receptacle 1460 further can comprise a lip (not shown) for ensuring that water moving out of the receptacle outlet 1468 does not flow over the sealing flange of the sill frame member. It is envisaged that the receptacle 1460 could in an alternative embodiment deposit water into the lower connecting arrangement 1400 to flow out of the outlet 1417, although this is not preferred, as the applicant has found that larger amounts of casual water can be expected to be managed by the lower connecting arrangement 1400 than the amounts of casual water handled by the receptacle 1460, and that these two reservoirs should be kept apart to ensure that overflow of the lower connecting arrangement 1400 does not result in overflow of the receptacle 1460, thereby creating a possibility that the weatherline is breached.

In this regard it will be appreciate that in the embodiments shown in figures 46, 47 and 54, part of the receptacle defines part of the weatherline of the closure frame assembly, while the lower connecting arrangement does not. It is however envisaged that the lower connecting arrangement 1400 and receptacle 1460 may be integrated with each other as a larger lower connecting arrangement as a single piece, and that such a larger lower connecting arrangement 1400 could thus form part of the weatherline.

The receptacle is preferably sealed against either or both of the jamb frame member and the sill frame member, for example by means of a gasket, or other sealing means, such as a polymer sealant or similar (for example silicone).

It is also envisaged that the receptacle 1460 could include securing formations (not shown) by which the receptacle could be secured to either or both of the jamb frame member and the sill frame member. The receptacle 1460 could be used to facilitate the secure connection of the jamb frame member and the sill frame member to each other in the same way the lower connecting arrangement does.

As shown in figure 2, the receptacle 1460 is preferably sealed against the jamb frame member and/or sill frame member where it engages with it, preferably by means of a seal 1450. It is envisaged that the seal may be a wet seal (e.g. deposited from a tube) or a rubber gasket type seal. It is envisaged that a soft rubber or plastic seal 1450 will preferably be integrally formed with the receptacle 1460.

One problem encountered by the use of a single piece receptacle 1460 to define part of the weatherline A of the closure frame assembly is that a pressure differential may exist between the ambient air pressure inside of the outer cladding layer (for example within the cavity 5500 and inside the container portion 1416), and the ambient air pressure outside of the outer cladding layer 5300. This pressure differential may cause casual water trying to exit the cavity to be blown back into or held within the cavity.

For this reason, the cavity 5500 of most buildings is equalised with the air pressure outside of the outer cladding layer 5300 by providing for apertures between the cavity and the atmosphere. In a similar fashion, the receptacle 1460 preferably provide for relatively large equalisation apertures 1440 between the inside of the conduit portion 1464 and either the cavity or the atmosphere to equalise pressure between the conduit portion 1464 , and the outside air pressure at the receptacle outlet 1468. In this way, flow of the casual water out of the receptacle outlet 1468 is not restricted by having an air pressure differential acting against the direction of flow of casual water.

In some embodiments the cavity 5500 may be filled with insulation. This is due to the temperature gradient between inside the building/the cavity and the flashing flange 1552 potentially causing condensation on the aluminium frame on the internal side of the cavity in particular environs. The insulation goes towards preventing the condensation. In other embodiments, an insulating surface (not shown) may be attached to the building side of the sealing flanges to create a temperature gradient between the cavity and the aluminium frame to prevent condensation. Preferably this insulating surface is attached during manufacture.

The insulating surface may also help in aid of creating a pressure tight seal around the window opening between the assembly and the building. Preferably, the insulating surface will be attached wherever there is visible aluminium open to the trim cavity 5500. Previously, filling this cavity with insulation or with an insulating surface was not possible as the cavity 5500 was outside of the weatherline. Incorporating insulation into cavity 550 is enabled by moving the weatherline to the outside of the face of the framing.

In one embodiment, if condensation were to form on the exposed back faces of aluminium frames inside the building cavity (inside the weather line); the receptacle 1460 has high sided ridges at or towards its top surface adjacent the jamb. These ridges can catch and hold any running condensation that has formed on the jamb frame. This holding area is then drained via a small hole in the jamb frame immediately at the top of the receptacle back into the catchment part of the door sill on the indoor area of the door which would then subsequently find its way into the lower connecting arrangement 1400 and drain via the outlet portion 1418.

Another concern about having two frame members that engage together at coupling zones 1200 to form an interface, as provided for in the upper interface 1601 and especially the lower interface 1570, is that capillary action can cause moisture to move along the interface and inwardly of the weatherline A. For this reason, at each such interface, at least one of the frame members comprises a recess formation 1572 (shown in figure 15) along one of the ends that is abutted with the other of the frame members. This recess is configured and dimensioned to be big enough to recess or separate the abutting edges of the frame members operationally to prevent movement of casual water along the interface by capillary action. In order to do so, it is anticipated that the recess formation will only be required to be about 5-10 millimetres inwardly of the abutting edge of the relevant frame member. It will be appreciated that many different alternative configurations of abutting edge may be possible in order to provide such a capillary mismatch; however, the use of a recess formation is regarded as being simple and cost effective. Any casual water moving through the recess formation can be received into the receptacle or the lower connecting arrangement and guided to their outlets.

Mullions A mullion is a vertical element that forms a division between units of a window, door, or screen, or is used decoratively. When dividing adjacent window or sash units, its primary purpose is to provide structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Where mullions are used or a sill is divided into two or more pieces a mullion block 1470 is provided between each sill interface as shown in figures 65 and 66. The mullion block 1470 slots within the sill 1560. The mullion block 1470 provides a reservoir and catchment for any casual water that may get though between the interface between sills.

Deviated Weatherline As mentioned above, the weatherline A is provided in a single plane coinciding with the plane of the sealed outer surface of the building, except optionally for certain deviations as will now be explained. The lower interface 1570 and upper interface 1601 may have casual water leaking between them. This is less likely with the upper interface as the head frame member 1630 is shielded from casual water by the eave formation 1740 of the head flashing member 1700. However the lower interface 1570 is likely to have casual water falling on top of it (for example if the door or window closure is left open and water pools on top of the sill frame member 1560 in channels for guiding the door or window closure.

For this reason, the planar weatherline A defined by the sealing flange extending around coplanarly with the outer sealed surface of the building needs to deviate inwardly to at least the lower interface to ensure that casual water leaking between the lower interface 1570 remains outside the weatherline. An example of such a deviation inwardly is shown in figures 2, 46, 47, 51, 54 and 67 - 69.

To this end, the inner periphery of the receptacle becomes part of the weatherline A by providing a conduit portion 1464 that is sealed to the jamb frame member and/or the sill frame member around its periphery, and which will manage flow of water out of the outlet before it allows water to move inwardly of the weatherline A. In this way, the receptacle defines part of the weather line deviation.

Casual water collected in the receptacle is then deposited in a controlled fashion to a point outside of the weatherline and where it cannot create rotting of structural frame members or other issues associated with damp.

In another embodiment as shown in figure 69, it is envisaged that the generally inner portion of the receptacle that is sealed against the jamb frame member and/or sill frame member preferably provides an unbroken sealed surface to a point as high up under the jamb frame member and/or sill frame member as possible. For this reason, it is envisaged that the jamb frame members and/or sill frame member may be provided with a recess (not shown), such as a slot in their lower surface operationally, into which an inner wall of the receptacle can extend. The recess would preferably extend parallel with the sill frame member.

It is further envisaged that in an alternative embodiment (not shown) the sill frame member may be comprised of two separate portions joined at a coupling zone intermediate of the jamb frame members to create another interface, and that a similar receptacle may be provided for deviating the weatherline inwardly at this interface in a similar fashion.

Reveals It is envisaged that in one embodiment (not shown), the frame members 1500 of the closure frame assembly 1000 can comprise reveal portions 1520 in addition to framing portions 1510 (for framing and engaging with the door or window closure). In a preferred embodiment, the reveal portions 1520 are integrally formed with the frame members 1500, however it is also envisaged that they may be removably connectable to the framing portions 1510, for example by means of a sliding formation (not shown) engageable in a track formation (not shown), or by a snap fit type formation (not shown). However, it is also envisaged that normal timber panel reveal portions 1520 could be used (as shown in figures 17-19), which may be fixed to the frame members by fasteners such as screws (not shown).

Such reveal portions may also be fastened to the building frame members 5050 in a known manner, such as by fastening with fasteners such as nails 1521.

Integrally formed reveal portions are made possible because the horizontal distance between the sealed outer surface 5200 (at the sealed plastic sheet 5010 that is stretched over the building frame members 5050) and an internal cladding layer of a building (for example such as plasterboard cladding or dry walling 5410) will be fixed, since the sealing flanges of the frame members will always be referenced to the sealed outer surface. In the past, this was not possible as prior art window frames are generally referenced to the outer surface of the outer cladding layer, and the reveals were cut to size accordingly.

As the horizontal distance between the sealed outer surface 5200 (at the sealed plastic sheet 5010 that is stretched over the building frame members 5050) and an internal cladding layer 5400 of a building will be predetermined by design and generally of a standard size, therefore frame members 1500 with integrally formed reveal portions 1520 or removably connectable reveal portions can be manufactured to set sizes.

In one embodiment, the reveal portion 1520 is configured to engage with the internal cladding layer 5400 by means of a connecting formation 1530. In one embodiment (not shown) the connecting formation is preferably configured to attach to the internal cladding layer 5400 in a hidden fashion that is not visible from inside the building 5000, preferably by attaching to an outer surface of the internal cladding layer 5400. Such connecting formations 1530 are known and will not be discussed further in this specification.

Assembly and Operation It is envisaged that the closure frame assembly will be fully assembled during manufacture off site by connecting a lower connecting arrangement to each end of sill frame member, and then connecting a jamb frame member to each lower connecting arrangement, and then connecting an upper connecting arrangement to each jamb frame member at each of their opposed free ends. Wherein one or more of the head member and jamb members have square cut ends. A closure such as a sash /door or window is located in between the jamb frame members, preferably into guiding formations in the frame, and the head frame member and optionally head flashing member are connected at each end to the upper connecting arrangements.

Preferably the construction of one or more of the head members, jamb members, sill members and head flashing comprises square cutting from a length of respective stock.

The stock may be an extrusion. The stock may comprise further assembled component extrusions. Preferably the construction of a sill member includes, extruding a sill stock including a supporting brace portion, subsequently cutting a length of the sill stock and removing an end portion of the supporting brace portion at either end of the cut length of sill stock, such that the sill member thus formed may receive a corner member at either end.

In other embodiments, the ends of the members making up the frame assembly may be machined or configured and adapted to exclude the need for separate corner connection components. I.e. the extrusion junctions themselves form the connection component.

In other embodiments the one or more of the head members, jamb members, sill members and head flashing can be assembled from multiple extrusions or parts that are assemble together to make a single member. This can involve, for example assembling a jamb member from interior and exterior component parts and a thermal break component part between them. Furthermore, as a skilled person in the art would know, components may be attached to the members, such as door or window hardware.

Once the frame has been constructed, reveals are connected to the frame.

After this assembly, the closure frame assembly is transported to site, where the sealed plastic sheet has been extended over the building frame members 5050 of a building 5000, and cut diagonally and folded inwardly at the opening 5100.

The sealing flanges are then located against the sealed outer surface 5200 of the building around the periphery 5110 of the opening 5100. The sealing flanges are then fastened/fixed to the building frame members 5050 by fasteners. Sealing tape is then applied to the edges of the sealing flanges to provide a weather seal / seal against the sealed outer surface 5200. After this, the cladding can be installed. Optionally jamb scribers may be inserted alongside jamb frame members. The adjustable shielding formation 1604 is then adjusted to cover the gap between the extending portion of the eave formation and the outer cladding layer, and/or shield the top end of the jamb scribers.

In this way a time consuming and labour intensive installation process is reduced to relatively few steps, meaning that installation time for windows and doors is reduced, allowing for work on the inside of the building to start, and reducing bottlenecks on the building process.

Where in the foregoing description reference has been made to elements or integers having known equivalents, then such equivalents are included as if they were individually set forth.

Although the invention has been described by way of example and with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that modifications and/or improvements may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention.

In addition, where features or aspects of the invention are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognise that the invention is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.

Claims (15)

1. A head frame assembly for use in a frame for closing an opening in a cladding carrying building structure, the head frame assembly comprising · a head frame member; and · a head flashing member configured to shield at least part of the head frame member from casual water; wherein the head frame member and head flashing member are engageable with each other in a sealed manner, and wherein the head flashing member includes a lateral extension at either end, each lateral extension being adjacent the outward edge of the head flashing member and extending beyond the lateral edge of the head frame member, the lateral extension carrying an adjustable return to be disposed partially to overlap the lateral extension and to in use extend from the lateral extension to be adjustably positioned against the outer surface of a cladding.

2. A head frame assembly as claimed in claim 1, at least part of the head frame member and the head flashing member are movable relative each other operationally.

3. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein at least part of one of the head frame member and the head flashing member are vertically movable relative to each other operationally.

4. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the building comprises a sealed outer surface, and the head flashing member is configured to be abutted with the sealed outer surface.

5. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the head flashing member comprises a cavity closer formation for preventing the ingress of pests into the cavity between the head flashing member and the outer cladding layer of the building.

6. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one or more of the head frame member and head flashing member are configured for connection together by a connecting arrangement.

7. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the head frame assembly comprises a connecting arrangement to connect the head frame member to one or more selected from the head flashing member and a jamb member.

8. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the location of at least part of the head frame member and at least part of the head flashing member are adjustable relative to each other by means of an adjustable fastener.

9. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the head flashing member comprises an eave formation for shielding at least part of the head frame member from casual water.

10. A head frame assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the adjustable return includes a flashing portion which overlaps the upper surface of the lateral extension of the head flashing member, and a flap portion which is flexible or movable such that the angle between the flap portion and the flashing portion may conform to a corner angle of an end of a scriber located under the lateral extension of the head flashing member in use, with the flap portion located between the scriber and a cladding.

11. A head flashing member for facilitating the framing of an opening in a building having an outer cladding layer, the head flashing member comprising an eave formation comprising an extending portion configured to extend laterally outwardly of the outer cladding layer of the building and along an outer surface of the outer cladding layer, the extending portion carrying an adjustable return to be disposed partially to overlap the extending portion and to in use extend in an adjustable manner from the extending portion in a direction to become positioned against the outer surface of cladding.

12. A head flashing member as claimed in claim 11, wherein the adjustable return includes a flashing portion which overlaps the upper surface of the extending portion, and a flap portion which is flexible or movable such that the angle between the flap portion and the flashing portion may conform to a corner angle of an end of a scriber located under the extending portion in use, with the flap portion located between a scriber and a cladding of the outer cladding layer.

13. A head flashing member as claimed in any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the eave formation is configured for covering a top of a jamb scriber located at or towards a side of the opening.

14. A head flashing member as substantially described herein with or without reference to the accompanying figures 56, 57, 62 and 68.

15. A head frame assembly as substantially described herein with or without reference to the accompanying figures 56, 57, 62 and 68.