NO842506L - PROCEDURE FOR LOADING MEASUREMENT OF LONG SHAFT ARTICLES AND IMPLEMENTATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR LOADING MEASUREMENT OF LONG SHAFT ARTICLES AND IMPLEMENTATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCEDUREInfo
- Publication number
- NO842506L NO842506L NO842506A NO842506A NO842506L NO 842506 L NO842506 L NO 842506L NO 842506 A NO842506 A NO 842506A NO 842506 A NO842506 A NO 842506A NO 842506 L NO842506 L NO 842506L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- air gap
- layer
- shaped object
- sensors
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
- G01L5/0023—Force sensors associated with a bearing by using magnetic sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/005—Measuring force or stress, in general by electrical means and not provided for in G01L1/06 - G01L1/22
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for måling av belastningen på lange, akselformede gjenstander, især for måling av belastningen på aksler, idet det især angår måling av krefter ved opptredende deformasjoner. Både strekk- og trykkrefter samt de bøyekrefter som virker på en aksel skal måles. Fremgangsmåten skal gjøre det mulig kontinuerlig å måle belastningen på aksler ved slik belastning og å opptegne denne. Videre angår oppfinnelsen en innretning for utøvelse av den foreslåtte fremgangsmåte. The present invention relates to a method for measuring the load on long, axle-shaped objects, in particular for measuring the load on axles, as it particularly relates to the measurement of forces in the event of deformations occurring. Both tensile and compressive forces as well as the bending forces acting on an axle must be measured. The procedure must make it possible to continuously measure the load on axles with such a load and to record this. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the proposed method.
For måling av belastningen på aksler i løpet avFor measuring the load on axles during
selve belastningen kjennes ingen brukbare, enkle fremgangs- . måter som muliggjør å måle og registrere belastningen kontinuerlig. Ifølge oppfinnelsen ble det oppdaget at målingen av deformasjoner på lange, akselformede gjenstander av magnetiserbart materiale kan gjennomføres på enkel r..åte når det i akselformede anordnes et ikke magnetisertbart sjikt og dettes av belastningen betingede forandring registreres av sensorer. Hensiktsmessig anordnes i akselformede gjenstander et aksialt utad ragende ringsjikt, slik at ringsjiktet fremkommer som luftspalt. På enkleste anordnes i akselformede gjenstanders ene ende en ringformet utsparing som strekker seg aksialt utad. the load itself does not seem to have any usable, simple steps. ways that make it possible to measure and record the load continuously. According to the invention, it was discovered that the measurement of deformations on long, shaft-shaped objects of magnetisable material can be carried out in a simple way when a non-magnetisable layer is arranged in shaft-shaped objects and this change due to the load is recorded by sensors. Appropriately, an axially outwardly projecting annular layer is arranged in shaft-shaped objects, so that the annular layer appears as an air gap. At its simplest, a ring-shaped recess that extends axially outwards is arranged at one end of shaft-shaped objects.
Dersom den akselformede gjenstands dimensjoner ikke tillater den enkle fremstilling av en ringformet utsparing, - er det også mulig å anordne en aksialboring i den akselformede gjenstand og å innsette en stav i denne, som bortsett fra en luftspalt, fyller ut boringen. If the dimensions of the shaft-shaped object do not allow the simple manufacture of an annular recess, - it is also possible to arrange an axial bore in the shaft-shaped object and to insert a rod in this, which, apart from an air gap, fills the bore.
For måling av luftspaltens forandring dannes et mag-netisk felt i dennes område, hvis styrke endrer seg avhengig av luftspaltens tykkelse. Endringen av det magnetiske felt overvåkes derved av en sensor. To measure the change in the air gap, a magnetic field is formed in its area, the strength of which changes depending on the thickness of the air gap. The change in the magnetic field is thereby monitored by a sensor.
For utførelse av den forelslåtte fremgangsmåte, be-nyttes en innretning som har en jernring anordnet på enden av den aksel som har en ringformet, aksialt forløpende luftspalt. På jernringens indre omkrets er permanente magneter fordelt, som står i forbindelse med sensorer som viser endringene i det magnetiske felt. Som sensorer egner Hall-effektsensorer seg, som er anordnet i luftspaltens område. Disse står derved via en forsterker i forbindelse med en viseranordning som registrerer og viser endringene i luftspalten i avhengighet av belastningen. For carrying out the proposed method, a device is used which has an iron ring arranged on the end of the shaft which has an annular, axially extending air gap. On the inner circumference of the iron ring, permanent magnets are distributed, which are connected to sensors that show the changes in the magnetic field. Suitable sensors are Hall effect sensors, which are arranged in the area of the air gap. These are thereby connected via an amplifier to a display device which registers and displays the changes in the air gap depending on the load.
Tegningen viser en utførelse av innretningen skjematisk, hvor figur 1 viser et aksialsnitt gjennom en akselformet gjenstand med måleinnretning, figur 2 viser skjematisk et frontriss av innretningen på figur 1 og figur 3 viser en vari-ant av innretningen på figur 1. Ifølge eksemplet skal belastningen av en aksel 11 måles, som ved hjelp av lageret 2 bærer et drivhjul 3, innrettet til å overføre en bestemt effekt. The drawing shows an embodiment of the device schematically, where Figure 1 shows an axial section through a shaft-shaped object with a measuring device, Figure 2 schematically shows a front view of the device in Figure 1 and Figure 3 shows a variant of the device in Figure 1. According to the example, the load of an axle 11 is measured, which by means of the bearing 2 carries a drive wheel 3, arranged to transmit a specific effect.
For å måle akselens belastning, dannes en konsentrisk til akselens akse 4 forløpende ringformet utsparing 5 som strekker seg frem til midtplanet 6 av det drivhjul 3 som dan-ner belastningen. Dersom fremstillingen av den ringformede utsparing gir vanskeligheter, dannes først en boring med den ringformede ut-.parings 5 ytre diameter D, frem til midtplanet 6, hvoretter en mindre boring 7 med gjenger anordnes. Denne strekker seg fra den første borings endevegg videre innover og tjener til opptak av en gjenget stav med en stavformet del 8 og en del 9 med gjenger (figur 3). In order to measure the load on the axle, an annular recess 5 extending concentrically to the axis of the axle 4 is formed which extends to the center plane 6 of the drive wheel 3 which forms the load. If the production of the annular recess causes difficulties, first a bore is formed with the outer diameter D of the annular recess 5, up to the middle plane 6, after which a smaller bore 7 with threads is arranged. This extends from the end wall of the first bore further inward and serves to receive a threaded rod with a rod-shaped part 8 and a part 9 with threads (figure 3).
På denne måte fremkommer igjen en ringformet utsparing 5. In this way, a ring-shaped recess 5 appears again.
For måling av akselens 1 belastning, måles endringen i den luftspalt som oppstår i den ringformede utsparing 5. For dette formål foreligger en måleinnretning med en jernring 10 hvis ytre diameter tilsvarer akselens 1 diameter. I ringens 10 indre er permanentmagneter 11 fordelt ensartet over ringens 10 omkrets. Ifølge den viste utførelse foreligger 4 slike magneter. Foran hver magnet 11 kobles en Hall-effekt-sensor 12 som er anordnet i luftspaltens område, dannet av den ringformede utsparing 5. For measuring the load on the axle 1, the change in the air gap that occurs in the annular recess 5 is measured. For this purpose, there is a measuring device with an iron ring 10 whose outer diameter corresponds to the diameter of the axle 1. In the interior of the ring 10, permanent magnets 11 are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the ring 10. According to the embodiment shown, there are 4 such magnets. In front of each magnet 11, a Hall effect sensor 12 is connected which is arranged in the area of the air gap, formed by the annular recess 5.
Slike Hall-effektsensorer består av små blader avSuch Hall effect sensors consist of small sheets of
en Hall-leder med stor bærerbevegelighet. Når en strøm går gjennom disse blader oppstår i rett vinkel til denne strøm og i rett vinkel til et foreliggende magnetfelt, en magnet-feltavhengig spenning. Ved endringen av luftspalten påvirkes det av magnetene 11 utviklede magnetfelt. Magnetfeltets endring medfører en aktivering av Hall-sensorene, idet endrin-ger i luftsjiktet i størrelsesordenen 1-10 fvn , vil vises av Hall-effektsensorene. Hall-effektsensorene 12 står i for- a Hall conductor with large carrier mobility. When a current passes through these blades, a magnetic-field-dependent voltage occurs at right angles to this current and at right angles to a magnetic field present. When the air gap changes, the magnetic field developed by the magnets 11 is affected. The change in the magnetic field results in an activation of the Hall sensors, as changes in the air layer in the order of 1-10 fvn will be shown by the Hall effect sensors. The Hall effect sensors 12 are responsible for
bindelse med en felles summeforsterker (ikke vist), som på-virker en viserinnretning. Denne viser en kurve som tilsvarer belstningsforløpet. På denne måte kan de strekk- og trykk-krefter, samt bøyekrefter som oppstår måles nøyaktig. connection with a common summing amplifier (not shown), which acts on a pointer device. This shows a curve that corresponds to the loading process. In this way, the tensile and compressive forces, as well as the bending forces that occur, can be accurately measured.
Den beskrevne fremgangsmåte og innretning kan endres på mange måter. Det er vesentlig at det dannes et mellomsjikt av ikke magnetiserbart materiale og at endringen i dette sjikt måles. Ifølge den beskrevne utførelse er mellomsjiktet en luftspalt. Det er også mulig å fremstille mellomsjiktet av plast eller av en væske. Endringen av dette mellomsjikt må alltid medføre endring av det magnetiske felt, idet denne endring deretter registreres av Hall-effektsensorene. The described method and device can be changed in many ways. It is essential that an intermediate layer of non-magnetizable material is formed and that the change in this layer is measured. According to the described embodiment, the intermediate layer is an air gap. It is also possible to make the intermediate layer from plastic or from a liquid. The change of this intermediate layer must always entail a change in the magnetic field, as this change is then registered by the Hall effect sensors.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH615882 | 1982-10-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO842506L true NO842506L (en) | 1984-06-21 |
Family
ID=4305207
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO842506A NO842506L (en) | 1982-10-22 | 1984-06-21 | PROCEDURE FOR LOADING MEASUREMENT OF LONG SHAFT ARTICLES AND IMPLEMENTATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCEDURE |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0122272A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS59501920A (en) |
DK (1) | DK303184A (en) |
FI (1) | FI841975A (en) |
NO (1) | NO842506L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1984001624A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA837892B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3719322C2 (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1996-02-08 | Bosch Robert Gmbh & Co Kg | Bolt-like component for determining tensile or compressive forces |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1469923A (en) * | 1973-04-10 | 1977-04-06 | Massey Ferguson Sa | Draft snesing unit for tractors |
FR2471593A1 (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1981-06-19 | Sacre Louis | Load measuring system for aircraft - includes tubular inductive sensor in each wheel hub and processor providing visual information in cockpit |
DE3110107A1 (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1982-09-23 | Mannesmann Rexroth GmbH, 8770 Lohr | FORCE MEASUREMENT METHOD AND FORCE MEASUREMENT DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FORCE LIFT OF AN ACLAGE TRACTOR |
-
1983
- 1983-10-20 WO PCT/CH1983/000118 patent/WO1984001624A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-10-20 EP EP83903164A patent/EP0122272A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-10-20 JP JP58503246A patent/JPS59501920A/en active Pending
- 1983-10-24 ZA ZA837892A patent/ZA837892B/en unknown
-
1984
- 1984-05-16 FI FI841975A patent/FI841975A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-06-21 DK DK303184A patent/DK303184A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-06-21 NO NO842506A patent/NO842506L/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1984001624A1 (en) | 1984-04-26 |
FI841975A0 (en) | 1984-05-16 |
JPS59501920A (en) | 1984-11-15 |
FI841975A (en) | 1984-05-16 |
DK303184D0 (en) | 1984-06-21 |
ZA837892B (en) | 1984-06-27 |
EP0122272A1 (en) | 1984-10-24 |
DK303184A (en) | 1984-06-21 |
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