NO813235L - Synergistiske blandinger av cellulase-fri xanthangummi og cellulose. - Google Patents
Synergistiske blandinger av cellulase-fri xanthangummi og cellulose.Info
- Publication number
- NO813235L NO813235L NO813235A NO813235A NO813235L NO 813235 L NO813235 L NO 813235L NO 813235 A NO813235 A NO 813235A NO 813235 A NO813235 A NO 813235A NO 813235 L NO813235 L NO 813235L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cellulase
- cellulose
- free
- xanthan gum
- xanthangum
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 7
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003090 carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkali metal hypochlorite Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
- C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/269—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of microbial origin, e.g. xanthan or dextran
- A23L29/27—Xanthan not combined with other microbial gums
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
- A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
- A61K2800/5422—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge nonionic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
- A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
- A61K2800/5424—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge anionic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/59—Mixtures
- A61K2800/594—Mixtures of polymers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
Description
Forskjellige gummiblandinger er vel kjent og vidt anvendt. Det er funnet at de beskrevne blandinger utviser en uvanlig synergisme og ikke er antydet inn er}',, teknikkens stand.. Generelt er cellulosematerialer uforenligemed xanthangummi, på grunn av nærvær i den sistnevnte av forskjellige cellu^ase-enzymer. Selv om cellulosematerialer er vidt anvendt, lider disse i varierende grad innen forskjellige anvendelsesformer av saltuforenlighet, ustabilitet overfor varme, begrenset holdbarhet, ustabilitet overfor pH-f orandringer, og ut.il-talende eller uønskelig smak i visse sammensetninger slik som tannpasta.
Hvis imidlertid cellulosematerialer blandes med mange andre gummier for å forbedre disse karakteristika, påvirkes den sluttelige viskositet vanligvis i ødeleggende retning. Det er nå funnet at cellulosematerialer, innbefattet carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose eller hydroxypropy1-methylcellulose kan blandes med cellulasefri xanthangummi. Ikke bare bibeholdes de ønskelige egenskaper av cellulosematerialene og de uønskede egenskaper til cellulosematerialene nedsettes til et minimum, men de resulterende viskositeter på løsninger fremstilt fra disse blandinger er overraskende og uventet høyere enn hva som kan forutsies fra målinger av én av komponentene alene.
Den synergistiske effekt kan demonstreres i syntetisk kranvann (STW) på 1:1 (vektbasis)-blandinger, hvor man kan opprettholde de gode kvalitetene på cellulosematerialene med en 50%-ig fortynning og de gode kvali.tetene på xanthan-gummien ved 50%-ig fortynning samtidig som man kan opprettholde og til og med øke viskositeten på løsninger av disse 1:1 blandinger. Den synergistiske effekt når det gjelder viskositeten kan demonstreres ved 1%, 0,5%, 0,25% og. 0,1% konsentrasjonsnivåer i syntetisk kranvann (STW), men syn-ergismen er ikke så uttalt i avionisert vann.
De cellulosematerialer som er anvendbare ifølge opp-finnelsen er alle kommersielt tilgjengelige former av cellulosematerialer, innbefattende carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose eller mikrokrystallinsk cellulose. Andre alminnelige kjente eller anvendte cellulosematerialer kan også anvendes.
Den cellula sefri xanthangummi kan være hvilken som helst av et antall tilgjenglige kvaliteter i; En form frem-stilles ved å behandle xanthangummisaft (beer) med alkali-metallhypokloritt, pH 6 til 7, ved konsentrasjonsnivåer på^,| 0,08-0,1 vekt% og ved ca. 30°C i 6-8 timer, efterfulgt av oppvarming til 85-95°C i flere minutter, hvorefter den cellulasefri saft derefter gjenvinnes ved utfelling, og ved tørking og maling av presskaken. Andre metoder innbefatter behandling av xanthangummisaft med kvikksølvforbindelser, behandling av xanthangummisaftpresskaker med propylenoxyd,
og oppvarming av xanthangummisaft som har blitt justert til en høy pH,.til ca. 90°C efterfulgt av avkjøling og nøytralisering.
Dannelse av blandingen
De to gummier tørrblandes, i et vektforhold på 1:1 ved valsing eller annen teknikk. En annen metode innbefatter tilsetning av det ønskede cellulosemateriale til den cellulasefri xanthangummisaft, hvorefter blandingen gjenvinnes under anvendelse av de normale gjenvinningstrinn for xanthangummi.
Anvendelse av blandingen
Disse blandinger kan anvendes i enhver formulering
hvor cellulosematerialer anvendes, slik som tannpastaer eller drikkeblandinger. En formulering for tannpasta under anvendelse av denne blanding er som følger:
Den endelige tannpasta var fullstendig egnet.
Bestemmelse av synergisme
Data ble bestemt for 1%, 0,5%, 0,25% og 0,1% konsentra-sjon av en 1:1 blanding av de angitte gummier. To metoder ble anvendt for å beregne teoretisk forventede verdier, den ene er log-plotmetoden (se US patentskrift 4169818) den andre, summen av halvviskositetene. Verdier ble også be-regnet ved matematisk gjennomsnitt, men disse ble ikke be-traktet som pålitelige og er ikke innbefattet. Dataene er oppført i tabell I, II, III og IV.
i
Andre data ble erholdt ved å oppløse de tørre gummi-pulverblandinger (1:1) i 1 % KCL og viskositeter (1 % totalt faststoff) ble målt under anvendelse av et Brookfield/LVF viskometer, spindel nr. 3 ved 60 omdreininger pr. minutt, og disse dataene er angitt i tabell V. ' T\ i
Claims (6)
1. En 1:1 (vektbasis)-blanding, av cellulasefri xanthangummi og enten carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose eller hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. ,v,, „■ .I
2. Materialet ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert ved at det anvendes carboxymethylcellulose.
3. Materialet ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at det anvendes hydroxyethylcellulose.
4. Materialet ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert ved at det anvendes hydroxypropylmethylcellulose .
5. En 1:3 (vektbasis) blanding av cellulasefri xanthangummi og enten carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose
eller hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
.
6. En 3:1 (vektbasis) blanding av cellulasefri xanthangummi og enten carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose eller hydroxypro <*> pylmethylcellulose.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/190,546 US4313765A (en) | 1980-09-24 | 1980-09-24 | Synergistic blends of cellulase-free xanthan gum and cellulosics |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO813235L true NO813235L (no) | 1982-03-25 |
Family
ID=22701783
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO813235A NO813235L (no) | 1980-09-24 | 1981-09-23 | Synergistiske blandinger av cellulase-fri xanthangummi og cellulose. |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4313765A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0048616B1 (no) |
JP (1) | JPS5785832A (no) |
AT (1) | ATE11787T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU546788B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA1164155A (no) |
DE (1) | DE3168916D1 (no) |
DK (1) | DK421081A (no) |
ES (1) | ES505730A0 (no) |
GR (1) | GR75043B (no) |
HK (1) | HK21988A (no) |
NO (1) | NO813235L (no) |
PT (1) | PT73710B (no) |
SG (1) | SG98287G (no) |
ZA (1) | ZA816598B (no) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3243546A1 (de) * | 1982-11-25 | 1984-05-30 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Antimykotische mittel in gelform zur behandlung von pilzinfektionen der mundhoehle |
SE8500102L (sv) * | 1985-01-10 | 1986-07-11 | Chemical Dynamics Sweden Ab | Forfarande for mikrofloraavlossning |
DE3812682A1 (de) * | 1988-04-16 | 1989-11-02 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von heteropolysacchariden mit verbesserten eigenschaften, insbesondere xanthan |
DE3913402A1 (de) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-10-25 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von mischungen aus xanthan und cellulosederivaten |
FI903476A0 (fi) * | 1989-08-18 | 1990-07-10 | Aqualon Co | Vattenhaltig suspension av hydroxyetylcellulosa. |
US5106646A (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1992-04-21 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Stabilized low calorie syrup with reduced sweetener solids content |
US5080717A (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-01-14 | Aqualon Company | Fluid suspensions of polysaccharide mixtures |
JPH04271564A (ja) | 1991-02-26 | 1992-09-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | 画像記録装置及び画像記録方法 |
RU2009894C1 (ru) * | 1991-11-25 | 1994-03-30 | Акционерное общество закрытого типа "Стромат" | Способ получения композиции для декоративного покрытия |
US6576048B1 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 2003-06-10 | Charles Lee Burdick | Use of high bulk density methylcelluloses in aqueous fluid polymer suspensions |
IL109965A0 (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 1994-10-07 | Oded Broshi | Bubble solution |
US5601803A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1997-02-11 | Masters; James G. | Silica abrasive dentifrice of reduced stringless and improved flavor |
US6056983A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2000-05-02 | Broshi; Oded | Edible pleasant tasting bubble making composition |
US7560490B2 (en) * | 2001-01-23 | 2009-07-14 | Gador S.A. | Composition comprising bisphosphonates for prevention and/or treatment of metabolic diseases of bones, process for preparing such composition and use thereof |
US20030072731A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-04-17 | Cynthia Gulian | Dip coating compositions containing starch or dextrin |
AU4061702A (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-04-03 | Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. | Dip coating compositions containing starch or dextrin |
US20030070584A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-04-17 | Cynthia Gulian | Dip coating compositions containing cellulose ethers |
US8309118B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2012-11-13 | Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. | Film forming compositions containing sucralose |
US7429619B2 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2008-09-30 | Mcneil Consumer Healthcare | Polyacrylic film forming compositions |
US8783185B2 (en) | 2009-06-11 | 2014-07-22 | Raytheon Company | Liquid missile projectile for being launched from a launching device |
US20100314139A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Jacobsen Stephen C | Target-Specific Fire Fighting Device For Launching A Liquid Charge At A Fire |
FR2987268B1 (fr) | 2012-02-28 | 2014-07-11 | Ammtek | Formulations liquides de sulfamides hypoglycemiants |
CN103749710A (zh) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 安徽省徽州印象农业科技有限责任公司 | 一种营养豆浆及其制备工艺 |
CN105131338A (zh) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-09 | 南宁市聚祥塑料制品有限责任公司 | 一种可食性包装材料 |
JP6807257B2 (ja) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-01-06 | 住友理工株式会社 | 防振装置 |
US20250019617A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2025-01-16 | The Sustainable Care Company Limited | Compositions and methods |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3658734A (en) * | 1970-10-20 | 1972-04-25 | Kelco Co | Guar gum-polyacrylamide compositions |
US3765918A (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1973-10-16 | Gen Mills Chem Inc | Blends of xanthomonas and guar gum |
US3953336A (en) * | 1973-09-07 | 1976-04-27 | Amoco Production Company | Drilling fluid |
US4070535A (en) * | 1975-08-22 | 1978-01-24 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Cellulase-free xanthan gum and process for producing same |
US4067389A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-01-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydraulic fracturing technique |
US4163807A (en) * | 1978-03-15 | 1979-08-07 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Citrus fruit juice and drink |
US4169818A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1979-10-02 | Celanese Corporation | Mixture of hydroxypropylcellulose and poly(maleic anhydride/alkyl vinyl ether) as a hydrocolloid gelling agent |
-
1980
- 1980-09-24 US US06/190,546 patent/US4313765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-09-18 AU AU75473/81A patent/AU546788B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-09-21 DE DE8181304326T patent/DE3168916D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-09-21 EP EP81304326A patent/EP0048616B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-21 PT PT73710A patent/PT73710B/pt unknown
- 1981-09-21 AT AT81304326T patent/ATE11787T1/de active
- 1981-09-23 NO NO813235A patent/NO813235L/no unknown
- 1981-09-23 DK DK421081A patent/DK421081A/da unknown
- 1981-09-23 CA CA000386438A patent/CA1164155A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-23 ES ES505730A patent/ES505730A0/es active Granted
- 1981-09-23 ZA ZA816598A patent/ZA816598B/xx unknown
- 1981-09-24 JP JP56149684A patent/JPS5785832A/ja active Granted
- 1981-12-15 GR GR66100A patent/GR75043B/el unknown
-
1987
- 1987-11-04 SG SG982/87A patent/SG98287G/en unknown
-
1988
- 1988-03-24 HK HK219/88A patent/HK21988A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK421081A (da) | 1982-03-25 |
JPH0127095B2 (no) | 1989-05-26 |
US4313765A (en) | 1982-02-02 |
ES8306794A1 (es) | 1983-06-01 |
PT73710A (en) | 1981-10-01 |
ZA816598B (en) | 1982-09-29 |
DE3168916D1 (en) | 1985-03-28 |
AU7547381A (en) | 1982-04-01 |
AU546788B2 (en) | 1985-09-19 |
EP0048616A1 (en) | 1982-03-31 |
EP0048616B1 (en) | 1985-02-13 |
ATE11787T1 (de) | 1985-02-15 |
JPS5785832A (en) | 1982-05-28 |
CA1164155A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
ES505730A0 (es) | 1983-06-01 |
SG98287G (en) | 1988-07-15 |
HK21988A (en) | 1988-03-31 |
PT73710B (en) | 1983-10-19 |
GR75043B (no) | 1984-07-12 |
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