NO752345L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO752345L NO752345L NO752345A NO752345A NO752345L NO 752345 L NO752345 L NO 752345L NO 752345 A NO752345 A NO 752345A NO 752345 A NO752345 A NO 752345A NO 752345 L NO752345 L NO 752345L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity index
- index improver
- sulfur
- composition according
- improver
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;disodium;dinitrate;nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[K+].[O-]N=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/005—Macromolecular compounds, e.g. macromolecular compounds composed of alternatively specified monomers not covered by the same main group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/123—Reaction products obtained by phosphorus or phosphorus-containing compounds, e.g. P x S x with organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M165/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/041—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds involving sulfurisation of macromolecular compounds, e.g. polyolefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår smorende komposisjoner,The present invention relates to lubricating compositions,
og i særdeleshet smorende komposisjoner egnet for smoring av gir, slik som hypoide gir. and in particular lubricating compositions suitable for lubricating gears, such as hypoid gears.
Inntil nylig har giroljer virket tilfredsstillende under anvendelse av konvensjonelle "hoytrykks" (extreme pressure) additiver slik som fosforsulfuriserte terpener. Imidlertid er flere og flere problemer oppstått, i særdeleshet ved anvendelse av "ubehandlede", dvs. ufosfatiserte gir på grunn av okende krav til oljen ved nuværende driftsbetingelser. Eksempelvis medfbrer anvendelse av mindre gir stbrre påkjenninger på komponenter, girene rommes i mindre enheter som således muliggjbr mindre rom for smbremidlet, motorfabrikantene foreskriver mindre hyppige oljeskift, girene roterer med hoyere hastighet, og varmetapet fra girkassen er redusert på grunn av begrenset luftstromning bevirket av utformningen. Alle disse faktorer forer til hbyere driftstemperaturer for girene. Until recently, gear oils have performed satisfactorily using conventional "extreme pressure" additives such as phosphorousulfurized terpenes. However, more and more problems have arisen, in particular when using "untreated", i.e. unphosphatized gears due to increasing demands on the oil under current operating conditions. For example, the use of smaller gears entails greater stress on components, the gears are accommodated in smaller units which thus allow less room for the lubricant, the engine manufacturers prescribe less frequent oil changes, the gears rotate at a higher speed, and the heat loss from the gearbox is reduced due to limited air flow caused by the design . All these factors lead to higher operating temperatures for the gears.
Ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse er der tilveiebragt en smorende komposisjon egnet for smoring av gir, omfattende en smoreolje og en kombinasjon av svovel og en viskositetsindeks-forbédrer (VI). According to the present invention, there is provided a lubricating composition suitable for lubricating gears, comprising a lubricating oil and a combination of sulfur and a viscosity index improver (VI).
Viskositetsindeksforbedreren er fortrinnsvis av den ty-pe som er kjent som en dispergerende viskositetsindeksforbedrer. Disse er ganske hbymolekylære, oljeopplbselige polymerer avledet fra ikke-polare monomerer slik som polymethacryla ter, polyisobutylener, olefincopolymerer, polystyren eller styren copolyme-rer som er blitt copolymeri sert med, eller blitt podet med mindre mengder polare monomerer for å bibringe dispergerbarhet til polymeren. Alternativt kan dispergerbarheten bibringes ved par-tiell hydrolyse eller ved omsetning med kjemikalier forskjellig fra vann eller damp. The viscosity index improver is preferably of the type known as a dispersive viscosity index improver. These are fairly high molecular weight, oil-soluble polymers derived from non-polar monomers such as polymethacrylates, polyisobutylenes, olefin copolymers, polystyrene or styrene copolymers that have been copolymerized with, or grafted with, smaller amounts of polar monomers to impart dispersibility to the polymer. Alternatively, the dispersibility can be imparted by partial hydrolysis or by reaction with chemicals other than water or steam.
Ikke-dispergerende viskositetsindeksforbedrere kan anvendes som er de ikke-polare polymethacrylater som er angitt ovenfor, men i slike tilfeller kan det være onskelig, selvom det ikke er vesentlig, å tilsette en annen type dispergeringsmiddel slik som et succinimid eller lignende. Non-dispersing viscosity index improvers can be used which are the non-polar polymethacrylates indicated above, but in such cases it may be desirable, although not essential, to add another type of dispersing agent such as a succinimide or the like.
Kombinasjonen av svovel og viskositetsindeksforbedrer inneholdt i den smorende komposisjon ifolge oppfinnelsen kan fremstilles separat ved oppvarmning av elementært svovel med vi-skositetsindeksf orbedreren ved en temperatur på minst 60°C, fortrinnsvis fra 70 til 120°C, og helst ved 90°C, idet svovlet anvendes i mindre mengder, f.eks. opp til 20 %, fortrinnsvis 1-10 vekt% basert på viskositetsindeksforbedrerens vekt. Alternativt og fortrinnsvis kan imidlertid smbremiddelkomposisjonen ifolge oppfinnelsen hensiktsmessig fremstilles direkte ved å opplbse viskositetsindeksforbedreren i smbreoljen, tilsette svovel og oppvarme blandingen til en maksimal temperatur på 120°C. The combination of sulfur and viscosity index improver contained in the lubricating composition according to the invention can be prepared separately by heating elemental sulfur with the viscosity index improver at a temperature of at least 60°C, preferably from 70 to 120°C, and preferably at 90°C, the sulfur is used in smaller quantities, e.g. up to 20%, preferably 1-10% by weight based on the weight of the viscosity index improver. Alternatively and preferably, however, the lubricant composition according to the invention can conveniently be prepared directly by dissolving the viscosity index improver in the lubricating oil, adding sulfur and heating the mixture to a maximum temperature of 120°C.
Kombinasjonen av svovel og viskositetsindeksforbedrer er fortrinnsvis tilstede i den smorende.komposisjon i en mengde, uttrykt i form av ren viskositetsindeksforbedrer, på fra 1 til 90 %, fortrinnsvis på fra 2 til 50 %, særlig fra 5 til 20 %, basert på komposisjonens totale vekt. The combination of sulfur and viscosity index improver is preferably present in the lubricating composition in an amount, expressed as pure viscosity index improver, of from 1 to 90%, preferably of from 2 to 50%, especially from 5 to 20%, based on the total of the composition weight.
Den anvendte mengde viskositetsindeksforbedrer vil na-turlig være avhengig av sin molekylvekt eller med andre ord sin viskositet, og vil normalt være slik at den totale blanding vil tilfredsstille SAE 80, 90 eller 140 spesifikasjon, dvs. ha en The amount of viscosity index improver used will naturally depend on its molecular weight or in other words its viscosity, and will normally be such that the total mixture will satisfy SAE 80, 90 or 140 specification, i.e. have a
viskositet ved 98,9°C på 10, 17 eller 30 centistoke.viscosity at 98.9°C of 10, 17 or 30 centistokes.
Selvom man ikke onsker å være begrenset til noen spesi-ell arbeidsmåte, antas der at.kombinasjonen av svovel og visko-sitetsindeksf orbedrer anvendt i de ovenfor anvendte komposisjoner kan fore til dannelse av nye reaksjonsprodukter selvom det vil forståes at dette bare vil kunne skje ved temperaturer som nåes under driftsbetingelser, f.eks. ved girgrenseflåtene. Although one does not wish to be limited to any special working method, it is assumed that the combination of sulfur and viscosity index improver used in the compositions used above can lead to the formation of new reaction products, although it will be understood that this will only be possible by temperatures reached under operating conditions, e.g. at the gear limit rafts.
Der foretrekkes at komposisj onene ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse beregnet for anvendelse i hypoide gir også skal inneholde kjente hbytrykksadditiver , f. eks. f osfor sulf uri ser te og sulfuriserte hydrocarboner, slik som fosforsulfuriserte og sulfuriserte terpener. It is preferred that the compositions according to the present invention intended for use in hypoid gears should also contain known high-pressure additives, e.g. phosphorous sulphurized and sulphurised hydrocarbons, such as phosphorous sulphurised and sulphurised terpenes.
Den sulfuriserte viskositetsindeksforbedrer ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse kan anvendes i forbindelse med fullt for-mulerte additivpakker kjent innen faget. Slike pakker kan inneholde flere anti-slitasjeadditiver, og vanligvis også inneholde korrosjonsinhibitorer innbefattet kobberdeaktivatorer, anti-skumadditiver og andre velkjente additiver. Slike pakker er vanskelige å analysere, og deres nbyaktige sammensetning holdes hemmelig av de fabrikanter som markedsforer disse. The sulfurized viscosity index improver according to the present invention can be used in connection with fully formulated additive packages known in the art. Such packages may contain several anti-wear additives, and usually also contain corrosion inhibitors including copper deactivators, anti-foam additives and other well-known additives. Such packages are difficult to analyse, and their exact composition is kept secret by the manufacturers who market them.
Grunnoljen vil normalt være en mineralolje med en egnet viskositet, men i enkelte tilfeller kan det være onskelig å an-vende syntetiske estersmbremidler og lignende. The base oil will normally be a mineral oil with a suitable viscosity, but in some cases it may be desirable to use synthetic ester lubricants and the like.
Oppfinnelsen illustreres ytterligere ved de efterfblgende eksempler, idet det bemerkes at i de efterfblgende tabel-ler 1 og 2 er nummerangivelser bare gitt eksempler på komposisjoner ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse, idet komposisjoner som ikke er gitt noe nummer, er innbefattet for sammenlignings skyld. The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, while it is noted that in the following tables 1 and 2, numerical indications are only given examples of compositions according to the present invention, since compositions which have not been given a number are included for the sake of comparison.
Tester ble utfort på den velkjente 4-kulemaskin, og resultatene av disse tester er vist i tabell 1. Tests were carried out on the well-known 4-ball machine, and the results of these tests are shown in table 1.
Grunnoljen var en opplosningsmiddelraffinert mineralolje med en viskositet på 2,5° Engler ved 50°C. The base oil was a solvent-refined mineral oil with a viscosity of 2.5° Engels at 50°C.
VI A var en kommersielt tilgjengelig VI forbedrer fra Rohm GmbH betegnet"573a<1>og antatt å være et polyalkylmethacrylat copolymerisert med en mindre mengde N-vinylpyrrolidon for å gi dispergeringsevne, og med en molekylvekt på ca. 150,0GO. VI A was a commercially available VI improver from Rohm GmbH designated "573a<1> and believed to be a polyalkyl methacrylate copolymerized with a minor amount of N-vinyl pyrrolidone to provide dispersibility, and with a molecular weight of about 150.0 GO.
VI B var en kommersielt .ti lgjengelig VI forbedrer, også fra Rohm GmbH betegnet "SV 34". Dette er et ikke-dispergerende polyalkylmethacrylat. VI B was a commercially available VI enhancer, also from Rohm GmbH designated "SV 34". This is a non-dispersing polyalkyl methacrylate.
VI C var også et Rohm GmbH produkt betegnet "4158", og var en dispergerende versjon av "SV 34". VI C was also a Rohm GmbH product designated "4158", and was a dispersing version of "SV 34".
VI D var en kommersielt tilgjengelig VI-forbedrer, kaldt "Indopol H 300" og antatt å være et polyisobutylen med en molekylvekt på 1290. VI D was a commercially available VI improver, called "Indopol H 300" and believed to be a polyisobutylene with a molecular weight of 1290.
VI E var et Exxon produkt betegnet "ECA 6710" beskrevet av fabrikanten som en olefincopolymer og antatt å være en copo-lymer av ethylen og propylen. VI E was an Exxon product designated "ECA 6710" described by the manufacturer as an olefin copolymer and believed to be a copolymer of ethylene and propylene.
VI F var også et Exxon produkt betegnet"ECA 5037" og var en dispergerende versjon av "ECA 6710". VI F was also an Exxon product designated "ECA 5037" and was a dispersant version of "ECA 6710".
VI G var et annet Exxon produkt betegnet "Paratone 108" og var et polyisobutylen. VI G was another Exxon product designated "Paratone 108" and was a polyisobutylene.
VI H var et Lubrizol produkt betegnet "LZ 7401", og var en styren/butadiencopolymer. VI H was a Lubrizol product designated "LZ 7401", and was a styrene/butadiene copolymer.
VI K var også et Lubrizol produkt betegnet "LZ 3702" og var en di spergearende styren VI forbedrer. VI K was also a Lubrizol product designated "LZ 3702" and was a dispersible styrene VI enhancer.
Dispergeringsmiddel X var et Chevron produkt betegnet "Oloa 1200" som var et polyisobutenylsuccinimid av et polyamin, og som hadde en molekylvekt på 1200. Dispersant X was a Chevron product designated "Oloa 1200" which was a polyisobutenyl succinimide of a polyamine, and which had a molecular weight of 1200.
Når det gjelder eksempler 1-4 ble sulfuriseringen av VI-forbedreren utfort ved enkel oppvarmning av det kommersielle produkt med 0,5 % svovel ved ca. 90°C. Når det gjelder eksempler 5-11 ble VI-forbedreren i grunnoljen oppvarmet til 90°C med 0,5 % svovel. De kommersielle VI-forbedrere var alle kon-sentrater i mineraloljen, generelt ved en konsentrasjon på ca. In the case of Examples 1-4, the sulfurization of the VI improver was carried out by simple heating of the commercial product with 0.5% sulfur at approx. 90°C. In the case of Examples 5-11, the VI improver in the base oil was heated to 90°C with 0.5% sulfur. The commercial VI improvers were all concentrates in the mineral oil, generally at a concentration of approx.
40 %, men de vektprosenter som er angitt i tabell 1 angir den virkelige vekt av det kommersielle produkt. Det anvendte svovel i hvert tilfelle var kommersielt tilgjengelig svovelblomme 40%, but the weight percentages indicated in Table 1 indicate the real weight of the commercial product. The sulfur used in each case was commercially available sulfur
Det fremgår av eksemplene at sulf uriseri ng av VI-forbedreren oker sammenbrytningspunktet betydelig fra det som forventes ved anvendelse av svovel eller VI-forbedrer alene. således oker elementært svovel grunnoljens sammenbrytningspunkt med ca. 250 kg, VI-forbedreren gir ca. 10 kg, mens den sulfuriserte VI-forbedrer oker grunnoljens sammenbrytningspunkt med fra 350 til 550 kg, og selvom de absolutte verdier kan være usignifikante, er sammenlig-ningene selvsagt fullt ut gyldige. It appears from the examples that sulphurisation of the VI improver increases the breakdown point significantly from what is expected when sulfur or VI improver alone is used. elemental sulfur thus increases the breakdown point of the base oil by approx. 250 kg, the VI improver gives approx. 10 kg, while the sulphurized VI improver increases the base oil's breakdown point by 350 to 550 kg, and although the absolute values may be insignificant, the comparisons are of course fully valid.
Det fremgår også at oppfinnelsen kan utoves på alle ty-per . kommersielt tilgjengelige VI-forbedrere. Ennvidere har for-andring av type grunnolje fra paraffinisk til nafthenisk eller aromatisk også vist seg å ha liten eller ingen effekt. It also appears that the invention can be implemented in all types. commercially available VI enhancers. Furthermore, changing the type of base oil from paraffinic to naphthenic or aromatic has also been shown to have little or no effect.
I en ytterligere testserie utfort på komposisjoner som også inneholdt en kommersielt tilgjengelig additivpakke, ble sammenbrytningspunktet ikke bket i slik stor grad, men forskjel-len mellom anvendelse av en sulfurisert og en ikke-sulfuri sert VI-forbedrer var tydelig. Resultatene av disse tester er vist i tabell 2. In a further series of tests carried out on compositions which also contained a commercially available additive package, the breakdown point was not bent to such a great extent, but the difference between the use of a sulphurised and a non-sulphurised VI improver was clear. The results of these tests are shown in table 2.
"Deograndel R2098" (Deograndel) "Anglamol 99", "Anglamol 98A" (Lubrizol) og "HITEC E320" (Edwin Cooper & Co. Ltd.) var alle kommersielt tilgjengelige hoytrykkspakker tilvir-ket av de fabrikanter som er angitt i parentes. "Deograndel R2098" (Deograndel) "Anglamol 99", "Anglamol 98A" (Lubrizol) and "HITEC E320" (Edwin Cooper & Co. Ltd.) were all commercially available high pressure packs made by the manufacturers indicated in parentheses.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2891074 | 1974-06-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO752345L true NO752345L (en) | 1975-12-30 |
Family
ID=10283170
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO752345A NO752345L (en) | 1974-06-28 | 1975-06-27 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5124603A (en) |
AU (1) | AU8255175A (en) |
BE (1) | BE830775A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2528865A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK292575A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2276372A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1039531B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7507683A (en) |
NO (1) | NO752345L (en) |
SE (1) | SE7507408L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5124953A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1976-02-28 | Noritsu Kk | SHUNKANYUWAKASHIKI |
GB1560667A (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1980-02-06 | Cooper & Co Ltd Edwin | Sulphurize olefins and their use as lubricant additives |
-
1975
- 1975-06-27 NO NO752345A patent/NO752345L/no unknown
- 1975-06-27 DE DE19752528865 patent/DE2528865A1/en active Pending
- 1975-06-27 FR FR7520288A patent/FR2276372A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-06-27 DK DK292575A patent/DK292575A/en unknown
- 1975-06-27 BE BE157797A patent/BE830775A/en unknown
- 1975-06-27 NL NL7507683A patent/NL7507683A/en unknown
- 1975-06-27 SE SE7507408A patent/SE7507408L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-06-27 JP JP50080472A patent/JPS5124603A/ja active Pending
- 1975-06-27 IT IT24912/75A patent/IT1039531B/en active
- 1975-06-27 AU AU82551/75A patent/AU8255175A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2528865A1 (en) | 1976-01-15 |
IT1039531B (en) | 1979-12-10 |
FR2276372A1 (en) | 1976-01-23 |
DK292575A (en) | 1975-12-29 |
AU8255175A (en) | 1977-01-06 |
BE830775A (en) | 1975-10-16 |
NL7507683A (en) | 1975-12-30 |
SE7507408L (en) | 1975-12-29 |
JPS5124603A (en) | 1976-02-28 |
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