NO310731B1 - Method and apparatus for feeding an electrolysis cell - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for feeding an electrolysis cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO310731B1 NO310731B1 NO19984224A NO984224A NO310731B1 NO 310731 B1 NO310731 B1 NO 310731B1 NO 19984224 A NO19984224 A NO 19984224A NO 984224 A NO984224 A NO 984224A NO 310731 B1 NO310731 B1 NO 310731B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- accordance
- anodes
- feeding
- electrolysis cell
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009626 Hall-Héroult process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 241000287509 Piciformes Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/14—Devices for feeding or crust breaking
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte og en anordning for punktmating av en elektrolysecelle, fortrinnsvis en elektrolysecelle for fremstilling av aluminium etter Hall-Héroult prosessen. The present invention relates to a method and a device for spot feeding an electrolysis cell, preferably an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum according to the Hall-Héroult process.
Punktmatere for dosering av aluminiumoksid eller alumina, fluorid og andre materialer som skal tilføres en elektrolysecelle for fremstilling av aluminium er i dag veletablert teknologi. I kombina-sjon med en skorpebrekker eller et spett kan en punktmater med rimelig god presisjon tilføre ønsket mengde av tilsatsmateriale til et på forhånd definert punkt i cellen. En celle kan ha flere punktmatere, som for eksempel 2 - 6 matere. Hensynet til anskaffelses- og vedlikeholdskostna-der gjør at matingen utføres i et begrenset antall punkter. Over tid vil mating av materialer til cellen via noen få enkeltpunkter kunne medføre oppbygning av slam (overskuddsmateriale) under og i nærheten av matepunktene. I elektrolyseceller med forbakte (prebaked) anoder i to rekker, er det vanlig å mate langs en senterlinje som befinner seg mellom anoderekkene. Over tid vil det kunne legge seg opp en rygg av slam på cellens bunn, orientert i cellens lengderetning. En slik mer eller mindre sammenhengende forhøyning av forholdsvis store mengder slam vil kunne påvirke cellens driftsbetingelser og gi ustabil drift. Point feeders for dosing aluminum oxide or alumina, fluoride and other materials to be fed into an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum are today well-established technology. In combination with a crust breaker or a skewer, a point feeder can add the desired amount of additive material to a pre-defined point in the cell with reasonably good precision. A cell can have several point feeders, such as 2 - 6 feeders. Consideration of acquisition and maintenance costs means that feeding is carried out at a limited number of points. Over time, feeding materials to the cell via a few individual points could lead to a build-up of sludge (excess material) under and near the feed points. In electrolysis cells with prebaked anodes in two rows, it is common to feed along a center line located between the anode rows. Over time, a ridge of sludge can build up on the bottom of the cell, oriented in the cell's longitudinal direction. Such a more or less continuous elevation of relatively large amounts of sludge could affect the cell's operating conditions and result in unstable operation.
DE 3047533 omhandler en bjelke for montering over en elektrolysecelle, hvor bjelken kan under-støtte en mobil punktmaterenhet. En ulempe med denne løsningen er at den omfatter en rekke bevegelige deler utover selve punktmaterenheten, noe som kan medføre omfattende vedlikehold og driftsforstyrrelser grunnet høye temperaturer samt støvete og korrosivt miljø. DE 3047533 relates to a beam for mounting above an electrolysis cell, where the beam can support a mobile point feeder unit. A disadvantage of this solution is that it includes a number of moving parts beyond the point feeder unit itself, which can lead to extensive maintenance and operational disruptions due to high temperatures and a dusty and corrosive environment.
NO 128226 viser et doseringsanlegg for fremføring av aluminiumsoksyd til en elektrolyttisk celle, hvor et reservoar og et doseringsapparat er anordnet ved siden av cellen. Videre omfatter anleg-get en tilførselsledning som er innvendig utstyrt med fluidiseringsorganer slik at aluminiumsoksyd kan strømme som fluidium langs tilførselsledningen. I tilførselsledningens sidevegger er det anordnet åpninger med regulerbare, perforerte plater innrettet for innføring i cellen av aluminiumsoksyd i tilnærmet like porsjoner. I henhold til figur 1, finner matingen sted i et sentralt område mellom to langsgående rekker av anoder. NO 128226 shows a dosing system for supplying aluminum oxide to an electrolytic cell, where a reservoir and a dosing device are arranged next to the cell. Furthermore, the plant comprises a supply line which is internally equipped with fluidizing means so that aluminum oxide can flow as a fluid along the supply line. In the side walls of the supply line, there are openings with adjustable, perforated plates arranged for the introduction of aluminum oxide into the cell in approximately equal portions. According to Figure 1, the feeding takes place in a central area between two longitudinal rows of anodes.
NO 154525 viser en løsning for mating av aluminiumsoksyd fra et forråd til en elektrolysecelle. Forrådet er ved begge langsider forsynt med en doseringsinnretning som tillater å tilføre aluminiumsoksyd porsjonsvis gjennom fallrøret ned i badet. NO 154525 shows a solution for feeding aluminum oxide from a store to an electrolysis cell. The supply is provided on both long sides with a dosing device that allows aluminum oxide to be added in portions through the downpipe into the bath.
De ovennevnte løsnininger angir intet i retning av å mate i punkter beliggende slik det er beskrevet i foreliggende løsning. The above-mentioned solutions indicate nothing in the direction of feeding in points located as described in the present solution.
Med foreliggende oppfinnelse tas det utgangspunkt i at matingen skal skje i områder slik at driften av cellen forbedres, samtidig som investerings- og vedlikeholdskostnadene ikke blir prohibitivt høye. Med foreliggende oppfinnelse kan det mates mindre doser i flere punkter. På denne måten blir oksiden i all hovedsak løst direkte i kryolittsmelten og det bygger seg ikke opp slam på katoden. Driften av cellen blir mer stabil, noe som gir mindre arbeid for cellepasserne og metall-tapperne. En annen fordel er at matehullene kan holdes åpne uten at spettene opereres hver gang oksidmating foretas dels grunnet mindre dosering i hvert hull, dels grunnet at det mates i områder hvor utstrømming av anodegass er fremtredende hvilket medfører besparelser vedrø-rende slitasje og redusert energibehov (trykkluft) for å operere spettene. Videre vil det kunne erholdes forbedringer vedrørende cellens strømutbytte, grunnet mer stabil og optimal drift. With the present invention, the starting point is that the feeding should take place in areas so that the operation of the cell is improved, while at the same time the investment and maintenance costs do not become prohibitively high. With the present invention, smaller doses can be fed at several points. In this way, the oxide is mainly dissolved directly in the cryolite melt and sludge does not build up on the cathode. The operation of the cell becomes more stable, which means less work for the cell attendants and metal tappers. Another advantage is that the feed holes can be kept open without the spigots being operated each time oxide feeding is carried out, partly due to less dosage in each hole, partly because it is fed in areas where the outflow of anode gas is prominent, which results in savings regarding wear and reduced energy requirements (compressed air ) to operate the woodpeckers. Furthermore, it will be possible to obtain improvements regarding the cell's current yield, due to more stable and optimal operation.
Disse og andre fordeler kan oppnås med oppfinnelsen slik den er definert i krav 1 og 2. These and other advantages can be achieved with the invention as defined in claims 1 and 2.
Oppfinnelsen skal i det etterfølgende beskrives nærmere ved hjelp av eksempel og figurer hvor: Fig. 1 viser, sett fra siden, en punktmater i samsvar med foreliggende In what follows, the invention will be described in more detail with the help of examples and figures where: Fig. 1 shows, seen from the side, a point feeder in accordance with the present
oppfinnelse, invention,
Fig. 2 viser, sett forfra, en punktmater i samsvar med foreliggende Fig. 2 shows, seen from the front, a point feeder in accordance with the present one
oppfinnelse, invention,
Fig. 3 viser, sett forfra, en skorpebryter for benyttelse i forbindelse med en Fig. 3 shows, seen from the front, a crust breaker for use in connection with a
punktmater i samsvar med foreliggende oppfinnelse, point feeder in accordance with the present invention,
Fig. 4 viser, sett ovenfra, en første skjematisk angivelse av fordeling av Fig. 4 shows, seen from above, a first schematic representation of the distribution of
matepunkter i en elektrolysecelle, feed points in an electrolysis cell,
Fig. 5 viser, sett ovenfra, en andre skjematisk angivelse av fordeling av matepunkter i en elektrolysecelle. Fig. 5 shows, seen from above, a second schematic representation of the distribution of feed points in an electrolysis cell.
I figur 1 er det fra siden vist en punktmater 1 i samsvar med oppfinnelsen. Materen omfatter en oksidsilo 2 og en fluoridsilo 3 innfestet i cellens øvre rammestruktur 4, 5. De viste siloer er trakt-formete og smalner av ned mot et utløp 6, 7. Ved utløpet er det i denne utførelsen anordnet doseringsanordninger som utgjøres av skuffematere 8,9, men også andre typer matere kan benyt-tes så som fluidiserte matere eller skruematere. Oksidmateren 8 er i dette eksempelet utstyrt med to utløp 10, 11, som mater oksid direkte i badet mellom anoder 12, 13. Anodene er beliggende delvis nede i badskorpen (ikke vist) og et dobbeltspett 14 innrettet for vertikal bevegelse kan skyves gjennom skorpen for å opprettholde hull for mating (matehull) i skorpen. Fluoridsiloen 3 som vist i figuren er utstyrt med én utløpsåpning 18, hvor fluorid kan mates gjennom et av de nevnte matehull. Figur 2 viser, sett forfra, en punktmater i samsvar med oppfinnelsen, hvor en oksidsilo 20 med et traktformet nedre parti 21 er utstyrt med en utløpsstuss 22. Utløpstussen 22 er tilordnet et horisontalt beliggende fordelerrør 23 som er tilordnet utløpssrør 24, 25 med tilhørende utløpsåp-ninger 26, 27. Det skal forstås at fordelerrøret 23 kan utstyres med flere enn to utløpsrør for fordeling av materiale til flere punkter (ikke vist). I utførelsen som vist i figur 2 er det videre vist en motordreven skruemater med motor 28 som driver mateskruens ende 30 via transmisjonselement 29. Skruematere er velkjent for fagmannen, slik at dette beskrives ikke nærmere her. Figur 3 viser en spettanordning 40 som utgjøres av et multippelspett bestående i denne utførelsen av to spett 41, 42 (dobbeltspett) tilordnet et åk 43 som er forbundet med en aktuator 44 eller sylin-der via en stang 45. Det skal forstås at ytterligere spett kan tilordnes åket for opprettholdelse av flere matehull i badskorpen. Stangen 45 kan være kapslet inn av et hus 46 for beskyttelse mot korrosjon og støv, samt sidekrefter i stempelstangen 45. Aktuatoren kan være luftdrevet, men også andre typer aktuatorer kan være aktuelle i en slik anvendelse, f. eks. hydrauliske, mekaniske eller elektriske. Aktuatorens øvre ende kan være festet til en silo 47. I figur 1 er en tilsvarende spettanordning vist fra siden med aktuator 15, stang 16, og hus 17. Figure 1 shows a point feeder 1 in accordance with the invention from the side. The feeder comprises an oxide silo 2 and a fluoride silo 3 attached to the cell's upper frame structure 4, 5. The silos shown are funnel-shaped and taper down towards an outlet 6, 7. At the outlet, in this design, dosing devices are arranged which are made up of tray feeders 8 ,9, but also other types of feeders can be used such as fluidized feeders or screw feeders. In this example, the oxide feeder 8 is equipped with two outlets 10, 11, which feed oxide directly into the bath between anodes 12, 13. The anodes are located partially down in the bath crust (not shown) and a double spit 14 arranged for vertical movement can be pushed through the crust for to maintain holes for feeding (feeding holes) in the crust. The fluoride silo 3 as shown in the figure is equipped with one outlet opening 18, where fluoride can be fed through one of the aforementioned feed holes. Figure 2 shows, seen from the front, a point feeder in accordance with the invention, where an oxide silo 20 with a funnel-shaped lower part 21 is equipped with an outlet nozzle 22. The outlet nozzle 22 is assigned to a horizontally located distribution pipe 23 which is assigned to outlet pipes 24, 25 with associated outlet opening -nings 26, 27. It should be understood that the distributor pipe 23 can be equipped with more than two outlet pipes for distributing material to several points (not shown). In the embodiment as shown in Figure 2, a motor-driven screw feeder with motor 28 is also shown which drives the end of the feed screw 30 via transmission element 29. Screw feeders are well known to those skilled in the art, so this is not described in more detail here. Figure 3 shows a woodpecker device 40 which consists of a multiple woodpecker consisting in this embodiment of two woodpecker 41, 42 (double woodpecker) assigned to a yoke 43 which is connected to an actuator 44 or cylinder via a rod 45. It should be understood that additional woodpecker can be assigned to the yoke for maintaining several feeding holes in the bath crust. The rod 45 can be encapsulated by a housing 46 for protection against corrosion and dust, as well as lateral forces in the piston rod 45. The actuator can be air-driven, but other types of actuators can also be relevant in such an application, e.g. hydraulic, mechanical or electrical. The upper end of the actuator can be attached to a silo 47. In Figure 1, a corresponding spit device is shown from the side with actuator 15, rod 16, and housing 17.
I figur 4 er det vist en skjematisk fordeling av matepunkter i en elektrolysecelle 60, sett ovenfra. I denne utførelsen er tyve anoder 63 anordnet i to rekker 61, 62. Videre er anodene innenfor hver rekke ordnet i tre grupper hvor det er tilordnet en spalte mellom hver gruppe, i alt to spalter. I spaltene er det i samsvar med oppfinnelsen anordnet matehull 64, 65, 66, 67. Matingen skjer parvist av to sentralt plasserte matere eller grupper av matere 68, 69 for eksempelvis oksid, fluorid eller soda, og fordeles ut til hullene 64, 65 og 66, 67 respektivt. Figure 4 shows a schematic distribution of feed points in an electrolysis cell 60, seen from above. In this embodiment, twenty anodes 63 are arranged in two rows 61, 62. Furthermore, the anodes within each row are arranged in three groups where a slot is allocated between each group, two slots in total. In accordance with the invention, feeding holes 64, 65, 66, 67 are arranged in the slots. The feeding takes place in pairs by two centrally placed feeders or groups of feeders 68, 69 for, for example, oxide, fluoride or soda, and is distributed to the holes 64, 65 and 66, 67 respectively.
Figur 5 viser skjematisk en fordeling av matepunkter i en elektrolysecelle 80, sett ovenfra. I denne utførelsen er cellen utstyrt med trettito anoder 83 fordelt på to rekker 81, 82. I hver rekke er anodene inndelt i fire grupper slik at det er tildannet en spalte mellom hver gruppe, ialt tre spalter. I disse spaltene er det anbrakt matehull 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, for tilførsel av materialer for drift av cellen, så som oksid, fluorid, soda etc. På samme måte som i foregående eksempel kan matehullene (84, 85), (86, 87), samt (88, 89) parvist betjenes av tre matere eller tre grupper av matere (ikke vist). Figure 5 schematically shows a distribution of feed points in an electrolysis cell 80, seen from above. In this embodiment, the cell is equipped with thirty-two anodes 83 distributed over two rows 81, 82. In each row, the anodes are divided into four groups so that a slot is formed between each group, three slots in total. In these slots, feed holes 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 are placed, for the supply of materials for operating the cell, such as oxide, fluoride, soda etc. In the same way as in the previous example, the feed holes (84, 85 ), (86, 87), as well as (88, 89) are served in pairs by three feeders or three groups of feeders (not shown).
Det skal forstås at den beskrevne teknologi også kan ha andre anvendelser hvor det er av betyd-ning å erholde en god spredning av det doserte materialet. Således kan oppfinnelsen ha sin anvendelse innenfor andre elektrolyseprosesser, som for eksempel fremstilling av aluminium ved Søderberg-prosessen. It should be understood that the described technology can also have other applications where it is important to obtain a good dispersion of the dosed material. Thus, the invention can be used within other electrolysis processes, such as the production of aluminum by the Søderberg process.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO19984224A NO310731B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1998-09-14 | Method and apparatus for feeding an electrolysis cell |
AU58853/99A AU5885399A (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-10 | A method and a device for feeding an electrolysis cell |
PCT/NO1999/000279 WO2000018987A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-10 | A method and a device for feeding an electrolysis cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO19984224A NO310731B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1998-09-14 | Method and apparatus for feeding an electrolysis cell |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO984224D0 NO984224D0 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
NO984224L NO984224L (en) | 2000-03-15 |
NO310731B1 true NO310731B1 (en) | 2001-08-20 |
Family
ID=19902404
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO19984224A NO310731B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1998-09-14 | Method and apparatus for feeding an electrolysis cell |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU5885399A (en) |
NO (1) | NO310731B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000018987A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106395525A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-15 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Discharge pipe assembly of overhead crane and overhead crane provided with discharge pipe assembly |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL79897C (en) * | 1959-04-24 | |||
US3681229A (en) * | 1970-07-17 | 1972-08-01 | Aluminum Co Of America | Alumina feeder |
US4299683A (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1981-11-10 | Aluminum Company Of America | Apparatus and method for efficient transfer of powdered ore |
US4938848A (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1990-07-03 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method and apparatus for conveying split streams of alumina powder to an electrolysis cell |
-
1998
- 1998-09-14 NO NO19984224A patent/NO310731B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-09-10 WO PCT/NO1999/000279 patent/WO2000018987A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-09-10 AU AU58853/99A patent/AU5885399A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5885399A (en) | 2000-04-17 |
NO984224L (en) | 2000-03-15 |
WO2000018987A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
NO984224D0 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
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