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NO159909B - POLYCARBONATE ART PLASTIC PLATE AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC PLATE. - Google Patents

POLYCARBONATE ART PLASTIC PLATE AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC PLATE. Download PDF

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Publication number
NO159909B
NO159909B NO833920A NO833920A NO159909B NO 159909 B NO159909 B NO 159909B NO 833920 A NO833920 A NO 833920A NO 833920 A NO833920 A NO 833920A NO 159909 B NO159909 B NO 159909B
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Norway
Prior art keywords
plastic
layer
polycarbonate
core layer
cover layer
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NO833920A
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Norwegian (no)
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NO833920L (en
NO159909C (en
Inventor
Heinz Vetter
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Roehm Gmbh
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Publication of NO833920L publication Critical patent/NO833920L/en
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Publication of NO159909C publication Critical patent/NO159909C/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E04C2/543—Hollow multi-walled panels with integrated webs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6608—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together without separate spacing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
    • B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
    • B32B2309/105—Thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

1. Plastics board, consisting of a core layer of polycarbonate plastics containing not more than 0.5% by weight of a UV absorber, and consisting, on at least one side of the core layer, of a covering layer of plastics, coextruded with the core layer, containing at least 3% by weight of a UV absorber, characterised in that the covering layer consists of polycarbonate plastics.

Description

Oppfinnelsen vedrører en kunststoffplate, bestående av et kjernesjikt av polykarbonatkunststoff og, i det minste på den ene siden av kjernesjiktet, et koekstrudert dekksjikt av kunststoff, hvilket dekksjikt inneholder i det minste 3 vekt-% av en ultrafiolett-absorbator. Oppfinnelsen vedrører også en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av kunststoffplater. The invention relates to a plastic plate, consisting of a core layer of polycarbonate plastic and, at least on one side of the core layer, a coextruded cover layer of plastic, which cover layer contains at least 3% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber. The invention also relates to a method for the production of plastic sheets.

Polykarbonatkunststoffer har bare en begrenset værbestandig-het. Fremfor alt beskadiges de av ultrafiolett-bestråling. Ultrafiolett-absorbatorer som legges inn i kunststoffet kan beskytte det indre av en kunststoffplate av polykarbonat, men har ingen virkning på overflaten. For å beskytte overflaten foreslås det ifølge DE-OS 1 694 273 å påføre et lakk-sjikt som kan bestå av tre deler av en ultrafiolett-absorbator og fem deler polymetylmetakrylat eller polykarbonat Polycarbonate plastics only have a limited weather resistance. Above all, they are damaged by ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet absorbers inserted into the plastic can protect the interior of a polycarbonate plastic sheet, but have no effect on the surface. In order to protect the surface, it is proposed according to DE-OS 1 694 273 to apply a varnish layer which can consist of three parts of an ultraviolet absorber and five parts of polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate

Ifølge DE-OS 28 32 676 foreslås det ved fremstilling av en polykarbonat-kunststoffplate å påføre et polymetylmetakrylatsjikt med et innhold av en ultrafiolett-absorbator under ut-nyttelse av koekstrudering. According to DE-OS 28 32 676, when producing a polycarbonate plastic sheet, it is proposed to apply a polymethyl methacrylate layer with a content of an ultraviolet absorber using co-extrusion.

I begge tilfeller anvendes det fortrinnsvis polymetakrylat-kunststoffer for dekksjiktet, fordi slike stoffer har høy vær-bestandighet og deres overflate er mindre utsatt for skader ved ultrafiolett-bestråling. En ulempe ved et dekksjikt av polymetakrylat er den lavere seighet, sammenlignet med poly-karbonater. Legges polykarbonat-kunststoffplater under spenning, eksempelvis i en bøyet tilstand, så vil det i den konvekse overflate oppstå strekkspenninger som kan føre til rissdannelse i dekksjiktet. Med øyet kan man fastslå den tiltagende rissdannelse som en matting av den til og begynne med glansfylte overflate. Dessuten vil rissene ha en tendens til å gå In both cases, polymethacrylate plastics are preferably used for the cover layer, because such substances have high weather resistance and their surface is less susceptible to damage from ultraviolet radiation. A disadvantage of a cover layer of polymethacrylate is the lower toughness, compared to polycarbonates. If polycarbonate plastic sheets are placed under tension, for example in a bent state, tensile stresses will occur in the convex surface which can lead to cracking in the cover layer. With the eye, one can determine the increasing crack formation as a matting of the initially glossy surface. Also, the scratches will tend to go

videre inn i polykarbonat-kjernesjiktet, slik at den besjiktede plate ikke bibeholder polykarbonat-kunststoffets høye bruddfasthet. Fremfor alt tiltar bruddømfindtligheten mot haglvær. Disse ulemper gjør seg enda kraftigere bemerkbare når det dreier seg om hulprofilplater, fordi man der ved en bøyet legging får særlig stor strekking på den konvekse side. further into the polycarbonate core layer, so that the coated plate does not retain the polycarbonate plastic's high breaking strength. Above all, the susceptibility to hailstorms increases. These disadvantages are even more noticeable when it comes to hollow profile boards, because there is a particularly large stretch on the convex side when laid in a bent manner.

Hensikten med oppfinnelsen er å unngå den redusering av bruddfasthet som et polymetylmetakrylatsjikt forårsaker, The purpose of the invention is to avoid the reduction in fracture toughness that a polymethyl methacrylate layer causes,

uten å gi avkall på den beskyttelse som den i sjiktet inne-holdte ultrafiolett-absorbator gir. without renouncing the protection provided by the ultraviolet absorber contained in the layer.

Man har overraskende funnet at de nevnte ulemper kan unngås, med bibehold av dekksjiktets beskyttelsesvirkning, dersom It has surprisingly been found that the aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided, while maintaining the protective effect of the tire layer, if

dekksjiktet består av koekstrudert polykarbonatkunststoff. the cover layer consists of co-extruded polycarbonate plastic.

Ved å anvende samme materialet for kjernesjiktet og dekksjiktet vil begge sjikt ha samme strekkbarhet, slik at man heller ikke under spenning får noen øket rissdannelse i dekksjiktet. By using the same material for the core layer and the cover layer, both layers will have the same stretchability, so that there is no increased cracking in the cover layer under stress either.

Det er overraskende at det på overflaten av dekksjiktet ikke skjer en rask værnedbryting når dekksjiktet inneholder minst It is surprising that rapid weathering does not occur on the surface of the tire layer when the tire layer contains the least

3, fortrinnsvis minst 5 vekt-% av den ultrafiolett-absorbator, til tross for at polykarbonatet i dekksjiktets overflate fullt ut vil være utsatt for ultrafiolett-bestråling. Absorberingen av ultrafiolett-strålene vil først finne sted inne i dekksjiktet. De observerte fordeler forekommer bare ved et dekksjikt som er koekstrudert med kjernesjiktet. 3, preferably at least 5% by weight of the ultraviolet absorber, despite the fact that the polycarbonate in the cover layer's surface will be fully exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The absorption of the ultraviolet rays will first take place inside the cover layer. The observed benefits only occur with a cover layer that is co-extruded with the core layer.

Oppfinnelsen kan som nevnt også realiseres med en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en kunststoffplate, ved koekstrudering av et kjernesjikt av polykarbonatkunststoff og et dekksjikt av kunststoff som inneholder minst 3 vekt-% av en ultrafiolett-absorbator, på minst en side av kjernesjiktet, ved hjelp av en kunststoff-spaltdyse hvori plastifiserte masser for dannelse av kjerne- og dekksjiktene innpresses ved hjelp av to ekstrudere, kjennetegnet ved at det som kunststoff for dannelsen av dekksjiktet benyttes et polykarbonatkunststoff. As mentioned, the invention can also be realized with a method for producing a plastic sheet, by co-extruding a core layer of polycarbonate plastic and a cover layer of plastic containing at least 3% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber, on at least one side of the core layer, by means of a plastic slit nozzle in which plasticized masses for the formation of the core and cover layers are pressed in by means of two extruders, characterized by the fact that a polycarbonate plastic is used as the plastic for the formation of the cover layer.

Den enkleste utførelsesform er vist i: The simplest embodiment is shown in:

Figur 1 som viser et snitt gjennom en ensidig besjiktet massivplate, Figure 1 showing a section through a one-sided coated solid board,

figur 2 viser et snitt gjennom en foretrukken utførelsesform hvor platen er en ekstrudert hulkammerplate med sjikt på begge sider. figure 2 shows a section through a preferred embodiment where the plate is an extruded hollow chamber plate with a layer on both sides.

Kjernesiktet 1 i en massivplate kan ha en tykkelse fra eksempelvis 2-10 mm, fortrinnsvis 3-8 mm. Som regel er kjerne-sj iktets yttersider innbyrdes parallelle og plane, men de kan også være bølget eller - først og fremst i montert eller innebygget tilstand - enaksig bøyet. Kjernesjiktet kan også være kuppelformet velvet eller være tredimensjonalt deformert på annen måte. The core screen 1 in a massive plate can have a thickness of, for example, 2-10 mm, preferably 3-8 mm. As a rule, the outer sides of the core layer are mutually parallel and flat, but they can also be wavy or - primarily in the assembled or built-in state - uniaxially bent. The core layer can also be dome-shaped vault or be three-dimensionally deformed in another way.

Kjernesjiktet 1 kan også inneholde ett eller flere hulkammere 2. Disse hulkammere strekker seg fortrinnsvis innbyrdes parallelt og går i rette linjer gjennom kjernesjiktet. Fortrinnsvis dreier det seg om stegdobbel- eller tredobbelplater, hvor kjernesjiktet 1 består av to plane, parallelle vegger 3,4 som er enhetlig forbundne med hverandre ved hjelp av steg 5.Hulkammerne 2 kan eventuelt være oppdelt ved hjelp av én eller flere ytterligere mellomvegger. Veggene 3,4 og stegene 5 har vanligvis veggtykkelser på mellom 0,3-2mm. Kjernesjiktet har, medregnet hulkammerne, en tykkelse på eksempelvis 5-50, fortrinnsvis 6-10mm. The core layer 1 may also contain one or more hollow chambers 2. These hollow chambers preferably extend parallel to each other and run in straight lines through the core layer. Preferably, these are stepped double or triple plates, where the core layer 1 consists of two flat, parallel walls 3,4 which are uniformly connected to each other by means of steps 5. The hollow chambers 2 can optionally be divided by means of one or more further intermediate walls. The walls 3,4 and the steps 5 usually have wall thicknesses of between 0.3-2mm. The core layer, including the hollow chambers, has a thickness of, for example, 5-50, preferably 6-10mm.

Flateutstrekningen og flateformen til kjernesjiktet retter seg etter de krav som stilles til den påtenkte anvendelse og kan i sterk grad velges etter behov innenfor rammen av de tekniske fremstillingsbetingelser. Flattliggende plater har hensikts-messig en rettvinklet flate og kantlengder på 0,5-6m. Lengre massivplater eller -baner kan rulles. The surface area and the surface shape of the core layer follow the requirements of the intended application and can be chosen to a large extent as needed within the framework of the technical manufacturing conditions. Flat-lying boards ideally have a right-angled surface and edge lengths of 0.5-6m. Longer solid sheets or webs can be rolled.

Kjernesjiktet 1 har minst én og fortrinnsvis på begge sider The core layer 1 has at least one and preferably on both sides

et dekksjikt 6 som adskiller seg fra kjernesjiktet ved at det har et høyere innhold av ultrafiolett-absorbator. Tykkelsen skal være tilstrekkelig til å kunne absorbere mer enn 90%, fortrinnsvis mer enn 99% av en loddrett innfallen ultrafiolett-bestråling på 280-380 nm. Prosentandelen er beregnet på den ikke reflekterte andel. For å oppnå dette vil en tykkelse på 5-50umvære tilstrekkelig, men s j ikttykkelser opptil lOOymkan påføres. a cover layer 6 which differs from the core layer in that it has a higher content of ultraviolet absorber. The thickness must be sufficient to absorb more than 90%, preferably more than 99%, of a vertically incident ultraviolet radiation of 280-380 nm. The percentage is calculated on the non-reflected share. To achieve this, a thickness of 5-50 µm will be sufficient, but thicknesses of up to 100 µm can be applied.

Dekksjiktet inneholder minst 3 vekt-% og fortrinnsvis 5-15 vekt-% av en vanlig ultrafiolett-absorbator for kunststoffer. Det foretrukne innhold av ultrafiolett-absorbatorer ligger mellom 0,4 og 2,5g/m 2 men kan eventuelt økes til 5g pr-, kvadratmeter. Konsentrasjonen velges jo høyere jo tynnere dekksjiktet er, slik at den nødvendige absorpsjon vil kunne finne sted innenfor dekksjiktet. Under 0,4g/m er man ikke lenger sikret en beskyttelse av dekksjiktets overflate mot værnedbryting. Beskyttelsen er virksommere jo høyere den totalt pr. kvadratmeter anvendte absorbatormengde ligger. Egnede ultrafiolett-absorbatorer er 2-hydroksy-4-n-oktoksy-benzofenon, 2-hydroksy-4-metoksybenzonfenon, 2-(2'-hydroksy-5<1->metylfenyl)-benztriasol og andre avhandlinger av 2-hydroksy-benzofenoner eller benzotriasol, videre 2,4-di-hydroksybenzoylfuran, salicylsyrefenylester, racorsindisal-icylat, resorcimono- og di-benzoat, bensylbenzoat, stilben, g-metylumbelliferon og dets benzoat. Tallrike ytterliqere ultrafiolett-absorbatorer er kjent og fås i handelen. Særlig foretrukket er ultrafiolett-absorbatorer som har liten flyk-tighet ved bearbeidelsestemperaturen, det vil si særlig absorbatorer som har en høyest mulig molekylærvekt. Absorbatoren skal i den valgte konsentrasjon være mest mulig homogent blandbar med kunststoffmaterialet. Kjernesjiktet kan være helt fritt for absorbatorer eller kan inneholde disse i en betydelig lavere konsentrasjon enn i dekksjiktet. En konsentrasjon på 0,5 vekt-% overskrides ikke. The cover layer contains at least 3% by weight and preferably 5-15% by weight of a common ultraviolet absorber for plastics. The preferred content of ultraviolet absorbers is between 0.4 and 2.5g/m 2 but can possibly be increased to 5g per square metre. The higher the concentration, the thinner the cover layer is, so that the necessary absorption can take place within the cover layer. Below 0.4g/m, protection of the cover layer's surface against weather degradation is no longer guaranteed. The protection is more effective the higher the total per The amount of absorber used per square meter is Suitable ultraviolet absorbers are 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzonphenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5<1->methylphenyl)-benztriazole and other compositions of 2-hydroxy- benzophenones or benzotriazole, further 2,4-di-hydroxybenzoylfuran, salicylic acid phenyl ester, racorsindisal icylate, resorcimono- and di-benzoate, benzyl benzoate, stilbene, g-methylumbelliferone and its benzoate. Numerous additional ultraviolet absorbers are known and commercially available. Particular preference is given to ultraviolet absorbers which have low volatility at the processing temperature, that is to say particularly absorbers which have the highest possible molecular weight. In the chosen concentration, the absorber must be as homogeneously mixable as possible with the plastic material. The core layer can be completely free of absorbers or can contain these in a significantly lower concentration than in the cover layer. A concentration of 0.5% by weight is not exceeded.

Polykarbonatkunststoffet avleder seg som regel fra en aroma-tisk bisfenol eller en blanding av slike bisfenoler, særlig bisfenol A. Alle polykarbonatkunststoffer som lar seg bear-beide til plater med høy seighet og lysgjennomslippelighet, egner seg som materiale både for kjernesjiktet og for dekksjiktet . The polycarbonate plastic is usually derived from an aromatic bisphenol or a mixture of such bisphenols, particularly bisphenol A. All polycarbonate plastics that can be processed into sheets with high toughness and light transmission are suitable as material for both the core layer and the cover layer.

Sjiktene består fortrinnsvis, men ikke nødvendigvis, av det samme ekstruderbare kunststoffmateriale, når man ser bort fra konsentrasjonen av ultrafiolett-absorbatoren. Sjiktene kan være glassklare eller fargeløse eller på vanlig måte være farget, uklart eller pigmentert, men oppfinnelsen har sin største betydning for meget lysgjennomslippelige masser. The layers preferably, but not necessarily, consist of the same extrudable plastic material, disregarding the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber. The layers can be glass-clear or colorless or in the usual way be coloured, cloudy or pigmented, but the invention has its greatest significance for highly light-permeable masses.

Dekksjiktet tilveiebringes samtidig med kjernesiktet under anvendelse av koekstrudering. The cover layer is provided at the same time as the core screen using coextrusion.

For koekstruderingen anvendes i og for seg kjente flerstoff-spaltdyser hvori de plastifiserte masser inntrykkes ved hjelp av to ekstrudere. Ekstruderingen skjer ved temperaturer mellom 240 og 300°C. For the co-extrusion, well-known multi-material slit nozzles are used in which the plasticized masses are impressed by means of two extruders. The extrusion takes place at temperatures between 240 and 300°C.

De nye plater egner seg som glass- og byggeelementer, fremfor alt i det fri, hvor den siden som er utsatt for sollyset er forsynt med dekksjiktet. Fordelaktig anvendes platene der hvor strekk-krefter kan virke på platene, eksempelvis ved en bøyet legging av massivplater eller stegdobbeltplater. En slik leggingsart anvendes ofte i drivhus og har tidligere ført til kraftige skader som følge av haglvær. Med oppfinnelsen unngår man slike skader. The new sheets are suitable as glass and building elements, above all in the open, where the side exposed to sunlight is provided with the covering layer. The boards are advantageously used where tensile forces can act on the boards, for example in the case of a bent laying of massive boards or stepped double boards. This type of laying is often used in greenhouses and has previously led to heavy damage as a result of hail. With the invention, such damage is avoided.

Eksempel Example

Ved koekstrudering ved hjelp av en flerstoff-spaltdyse som mates med to ekstrudere, tilveiebringes en tosjikt-polykarbo-natplate. I den ene ekstruder bearbeides en ekstruderbar termoplastisk polykarbonat-formmasse uten ultrafiolett-absorbator. I den andre ekstruderen går en blanding av 90 vekt-% av samme polykarbonat-formmasse og 10 vekt-% 2-hydroksy-4-n-oktoksybenzofenon som ultrafiolett-absorbator til flerstoff-dysen. Strømmen av denne blandingen danner et dekksjikt med en tykkelse på 30 ym på en overflate av kjernesjiktet. Kjerne-<1>sjiktet dannes av den rene polykarbonat formmasse og har en tykkelse på 3mm. Kunststoffsmeiten blir etter dysen glattet i et glatteverk med tre valser. By co-extrusion using a multi-material slit nozzle fed by two extruders, a two-layer polycarbonate sheet is provided. In one extruder, an extrudable thermoplastic polycarbonate molding compound without an ultraviolet absorber is processed. In the second extruder, a mixture of 90% by weight of the same polycarbonate molding compound and 10% by weight of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone as ultraviolet absorber goes to the multi-material nozzle. The flow of this mixture forms a cover layer with a thickness of 30 µm on one surface of the core layer. The core-<1> layer is formed from the pure polycarbonate molding compound and has a thickness of 3mm. After the nozzle, the plastic forging is smoothed in a smoothing plant with three rollers.

Ved gjennomfallende sollys vil denne platen kaste en jevn skygge som ikke viser overflateforstyrrelser. Et lignende bilde vil det fra platens overflate mot en hvis skjerm reflekterte sollys gi. In the case of penetrating sunlight, this plate will cast an even shadow that does not show surface disturbances. A similar image will appear from the plate's surface against one whose screen reflected sunlight.

Den på denne måte fremstilte plate bøyes elastisk med en krum-ningsradius på 0,5mm og utsettes for værpåvirkning i friluft. Etter 2 års værpåvirkning er platen rissfri. Til sammenligning ble en ekstrudert, i et glatteverk glattet plate lakkert på The plate produced in this way is bent elastically with a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm and is exposed to the weather in the open air. After 2 years of exposure to the weather, the board is scratch-free. For comparison, an extruded plate smoothed in a smoothing machine was painted on

sin overflate etter ekstruder ingen. Lakken ble jevnt påført ved hjelp av lakkpåføringsvalser som arbeidet motsatt ekstruder-ingsretningen. Lakkløsningen besto av 18% polykarbonat med en molekylærvekt på ca. 20000, 2% av den ovenfor nevnte ultrafiolett-absorbator og 80% dikloretan. Løsningsmiddelet ble deretter drevet ut i en tørkeovn med en gradvis økende tempe-ratur opptil 100°C. Den endelige lakksjikttykkelse var 30 ym . its surface after extruding none. The varnish was uniformly applied by means of varnish application rollers which worked opposite to the direction of extrusion. The lacquer solution consisted of 18% polycarbonate with a molecular weight of approx. 20000, 2% of the above-mentioned ultraviolet absorber and 80% dichloroethane. The solvent was then expelled into a drying oven with a gradually increasing temperature up to 100°C. The final varnish layer thickness was 30 ym.

Skyggebildet av denne platen viste delvist punkter, appelsin-skall lignende overflåtestruktur og optiske forstyrrelser som følge av et ufullstendig forløp og inklusjoner av støv-partikler . The shadow image of this disc showed partial dots, orange-peel-like surface texture and optical disturbances resulting from an incomplete course and inclusions of dust particles.

Ved en slik plate som bøyes elastisk og utsettes for værpåvirkning vil man allerede etter et år kunne fastslå noen riss. Etter 2 år kan man fastslå at platen har fått tallrike riss. Rissdannelsen anses å skyldes løsningsmiddelrester i polykarbonatet og den lave molekylærvekt. Den lavere molekylærvekt er nødvendig for å få en høy lakk-konsentrasjon, fordi man derved kan unngå ekstra overflateforstyrreiser som skyldes huddannelser ved avdampingen av løsningsmiddelet og forstyrrelser i lakk-forløpet. In the case of such a board which is flexed elastically and exposed to the effects of the weather, it will already be possible to determine some cracks after a year. After 2 years, it can be determined that the plate has received numerous cracks. Crack formation is considered to be due to solvent residues in the polycarbonate and the low molecular weight. The lower molecular weight is necessary to obtain a high lacquer concentration, because it is thereby possible to avoid additional surface disturbances caused by skin formations when the solvent evaporates and disturbances in the lacquer process.

Claims (5)

1. Kunststoffplate, bestående av et kjernesjikt av poly-karbonatkunststof f som ikke inneholder mer enn 0,5 vekt-% av en ultrafiolett-absorbator, og som på minst en side av kjernesjiktet har et med kjernesjiktet koekstrudert dekksjikt av kunststoff, hvilket dekksjikt inneholder minst 3 vekt-% av en ultrafiolett-absorbator,karakterisert vedat dekksjiktet består av polykarbonatkunst-stof f.1. Plastic sheet, consisting of a core layer of polycarbonate plastic f which does not contain more than 0.5% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber, and which on at least one side of the core layer has a cover layer of plastic co-extruded with the core layer, which cover layer contains at least 3% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber, characterized in that the cover layer consists of polycarbonate plastic e.g. 2. Kunststoffplate ifølge krav 1,karakterisert veden tykkelse av dekksjiktet på 5 til 50umi.2. Plastic sheet according to claim 1, characterized by the thickness of the cover layer of 5 to 50 um. 3. Kunststoffplate ifølge krav 1 eller 2,karakterisert vedat kjernesjiktet har en tykkelse på 0,3 til 20 mm.3. Plastic sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the core layer has a thickness of 0.3 to 20 mm. 4. Kunststoffplate ifølge krav 3,karakterisertved at kjernesjiktet har i lengderetningen gjennomgående hulrom.4. Plastic sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that the core layer has longitudinally continuous cavities. 5. Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en kunststoffplate ifølge kravene 1-4, ved koekstrudering av et kjernesjikt av polykarbonatkunststoff og et dekksjikt av kunststoff som inneholder minst 3 vekt-% av en ultrafiolett-absorbator, på minst en side av kjernesjiktet, ved hjelp av en kunststoff-spaltdyse hvori plastifiser te masser for dannelse av kjerne- og dekksjiktene innpresses ved hjelp av to ekstrudere,karakterisert vedat det som kunststoff for dannelsen av dekksjiktet benyttes et polykarbonatkunststoff.5. Method for producing a plastic sheet according to claims 1-4, by coextrusion of a core layer of polycarbonate plastic and a cover layer of plastic containing at least 3% by weight of an ultraviolet absorber, on at least one side of the core layer, by means of a plastic slit nozzle in which plasticized masses for forming the core and cover layers are pressed in by means of two extruders, characterized in that a polycarbonate plastic is used as plastic for the formation of the cover layer.
NO833920A 1982-11-25 1983-10-27 POLYCARBONATE ART PLASTIC PLATE AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTIC PLATE. NO159909C (en)

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ATE26420T1 (en) 1987-04-15
NO833920L (en) 1984-05-28
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ES8500585A1 (en) 1984-11-16
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JPS59101360A (en) 1984-06-11
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