NO148948B - DEVICE FOR RETURN AND RETURN OF A SPRAY SPRAY Nozzle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for oscillating back and forth on a suspended spray hose to

tet spray nozzle, in particular for spraying concrete, and which can oscillate about a oscillating axis continuously in the same plane as the longitudinal axis of the spray nozzle, and with a drive mechanism for oscillating the spray nozzle back and forth over a oscillating sector between a first and a second turning position in relation to the oscillating axis, in that the drive mechanism comprises a hydraulic oscillating motor with two working lines, and in that for changing the direction of flow in the motor's working lines, a setting valve is arranged with a control which causes an automatic oscillating of the spray nozzle.

This is, for example, previously known in the case of commuting spreaders

allowing a spray nozzle to perform an oscillating movement in a specific area and which is induced by a hydraulic oscillating motor. Furthermore, it has already been proposed to place a spray device's spray nozzle for spraying concrete or the like, on the free end of a flexible, stored holding arm,

so that the mouthpiece when changing, acc. horizontal oscillation with the help of an operator can be moved along the sprayed surface.

Finally, a device for applying a spray substance to a surface is already known, e.g. shotcrete on one. tunnel wall, to carry out the control of the spraying movements automatically, e.g. using a program.

When manually adjusting the spray nozzle, the quantity is

of the substance sprayed on in different places depends entirely on the operator, so even application is not guaranteed.

Nor is it, with a device where the control of the spray nozzle's movements takes place automatically, e.g. with the help of a program, an even application is guaranteed, in particular when curved surfaces are to be sprayed. thus, when spraying against tunnel roofs, the spray hose connected to the spray nozzle affects the pending movements differently during the different phases of the movement. When the spray nozzle is tipped from an upward position, the spray hose opposes the tipping movement, while on the other hand it facilitates the tipping movement when the spray nozzle is on its way back to its vertically upward position. This means that the speed of the oscillating movement can vary, depending on the nozzle's working position. -In order to achieve an even concrete coating, it is essential that the speed of the commuting movement does not vary too much, which places great demands on the operator. It is therefore thirteenth for a long time to carry out a smooth, desired commute.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known devices and to provide a device which makes it possible to easily and effectively produce the desired oscillation of the spray nozzle, so that an even coating is achieved. The invention is based on a device of the type described in the introduction and mainly consists in that in each working line of the oscillating motor, an overpressure equalization valve known per se is arranged to prevent an acceleration of the oscillating movement under the weight of the spray hose when the spray nozzle reaches from a more horizontal position is on its way back to a more vertical position, whereby the oscillating speed of the spray nozzle in both directions is kept essentially constant, that the oscillating control unit for resetting the position of the oscillating sector in relation to the oscillating axis is overridable or reversible, and that the automatic oscillating control unit for ' the manual and automatic commutation are interchangeable and provided with an operating device for the manual commutation.

The device according to the invention prevents acceleration of the oscillating movement from occurring under the weight of the spray hose, so that in every location and at every position of the spray nozzle a uniform oscillating movement is guaranteed. At the same time, however, it is also possible to control the oscillating movement by hand, so that additional spraying can be carried out in certain places, if this should be necessary.

According to the invention, the automatic commutation control unit can be electrically operated and equipped with two magnetic coils which can be alternately activated and by means of which the setting valve of the drive mechanism can be operated, and in that a time relay can be engaged for the automatic commutation, through which both magnetic coils are alternately activated. However, it is also possible to operate the automatic oscillating control unit pneumatically and supply it with a double-acting cylinder which operates the setting valve of the working mechanism, which cylinder is operated via a two-way control valve which is adjustable by means of two pneumatic s.tyre devices. In this case, it is advantageous that, according to a further characteristic of the invention, a valve is arranged in each of the pneumatic control devices, by means of which a control line to the control valve can be opened or closed, and which can be kept closed against the force of a reset ensures by means of the pressure in a pressure reservoir when the pressure therein exceeds a certain pressure level, that the pressure reservoir is connected to one of the lines to the double-acting cylinder, that a non-return valve is connected to the pressure vessel and that opens in the filling direction of the pressure vessel, and that a throttling device is connected in parallel with this check valve. The throttle device can suitably be adjustable for setting the pressure ma-qasin's emptying time and thus also for setting the time required for the movement of the piston in the cylinder in each direction.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, where: Fig. 1 shows a side view of equipment for spraying concrete, equipped with a device according to the invention, Fig. 2 schematically shows the spray nozzle in different positions, seen in the direction of the arrow II on fig. 1, Fig. 3 schematically shows a drive device included in the device according to the invention, Fig. 4 shows an electric oscillating machine for the drive device in fig. 3, and Figs. 5 and 6 show a pneumatic oscillating machine for the drive device in fig. 3 in two different working positions-.

In a spray equipment 1 according to the invention, a control housing 2 is included, which is carried by a stand 3. The control housing 2 is conveniently rotatable in a conventional manner around a vertical axis in relation to the stand 3, which in turn can be raised and lowered, as well as transportable in the horizontal plane. An arm 4 attached to the maneuvering housing 2 is movable in the plane of the illustration and has a conventionally variable length. At the free end of the arm 4, a holder 5 is mounted, which carries a spray nozzle 6, which in turn is connected to a spray hose 7. Between the arm 4 and the spray hose 7, a relief device 8 is mounted whose task is to relieve the holder 5.

With the help of a motor 9, the holder 5 is rotatable around a pendulum axis 10, as can be seen from the double arrow 11. With the help of a maneuvering device 12, the nozzle piece 6 can be swung in the direction of the double arrow 13 in relation to the axis 14, which is in substantially perpendicular to the oscillating axis 10. The longitudinal axis 15 of the spray nozzle lies in the same plane as the oscillating axis 10, and can thus by means of the maneuvering device 12 be brought to assume different positions in relation to the oscillating axis 10. A possible such position is denoted by 15<1> , where the spray nozzle 6 is thus directed obliquely forward and upwards in relation to the maneuvering housing 2 .

In fig. 2 corresponds to the illustration plane in fig. 1 of a vertical plane 16. During an arbitrary oscillating movement around the oscillating axis 10, the spray nozzle 6 can e.g. is brought to perform a oscillating movement between a first turning position 17 and a second turning position 18. From a central position 19 between these two turning positions 17 and 18, the spray nozzle 6 is thus turned an angle <0>4- in each direction. The angle that is crossed out during the oscillating movement thus has a size of 2 o<, . This oscillating movement can be adjusted in different ways as needed, as will be seen from the following.

A drive device 20 of hydraulic type included in the device according to the invention is schematically shown in fig. 3. A motor 9, which is suitably of an oscillating type, is connected via lines 21 and 22 to a four-way valve 23 with three positions. The four-way valve 23 is again connected via lines 24 and 25 to an oil container 26. In the line 24 which

forms the supply line, a motor-driven pump is connected

27.. Between the motor 9 and the four-way_valve 23 is connected a

double over-centre valve 28 of a known type. Underneath, an over-center valve 29 is connected to the line 21, and an over-center valve 30 is connected to the line 22. The over-center valves have the task of preventing the weight of the slanae from accelerating the pendulum movement when the spray nozzle is returning from a relatively horizontal position to a more vertical position. This achieves an automatic regulation of the commuting speed. Between the lines 24 and 25 there is, in a known manner, an overflow valve 31.

The four-way valve 23 is, by means of oppositely acting forces A and B, adjustable in different positions for changing the working direction of the engine 9. The forces A and B can be produced in many different ways, depending on needs and desired goals.

Fig. 4 shows a oscillating automaton 32 of electric type for generating the forces A and B. One side of a transformer 33 connected to an alternating voltage source is connected to a rectifier 34. A wire 35 connected to the positive pole of the rectifier 34 is connected to two by means of of a setting device 36 synchronously maneuverable switches 37 and 38. The switch 37, which is of the two-position type, is connected via a first wire 39 to a switch 40, and is connected via a second wire 41 to a switch 42. A relay 43 with two coils 44 and 45 is via wires 46 and 47 connected to switches 40 and 42. The switch 42 is operated by a time relay unit 48 connected to the switch 38, which, like the relay 43, is connected to a wire 49 connected to the negative pole of the rectifier 34.

In the position shown, the commuting machine 32 is set

for manual commuting by setting the setting machine 36 to the position for manual commuting. The current path above the switch 38 is thereby open, while the switch 37 connects the wires 35 and 39 to each other. In the position shown, no current flows through the manually operated switch 40,

but by changing the position of the switch current can be brought to

go through one of the lines 46 or 47. Thereby either the coil 44 or 45 will be activated, with the result that a maneuvering force A or B for changing the four-way valve 23 in fig. 3 is achieved. as long as current flows through e.g. line 46, the motor 9 thereby drives the spray nozzle 6 in one direction. Only when the switch 40 is brought to change its position so that current instead goes through the line 47, does the motor 9 and thereby also the spray nozzle 6 change direction of movement. By manipulating the switch 40, the desired oscillating movement for the nozzle 6 can thus be achieved.

If, instead, the setting device 36 is set to the position for automatic commutation, then current via the switch 38 will go through the time relay unit 48, and the circuit over the wire 39 is broken via the switch 37, while the circuit over the wire 41 is closed instead. The time relay unit 48 is designed in such a way that it resets the switch 42 at fixed or adjustable time intervals, so that the wires 46 and 47 alternately become current-carrying. Thereby, in the same way as with the manual maneuvering just described, maneuvering forces A and B are obtained for adjusting the setting valve 23 designed as a four-way valve in fig. 3. In one of fig. 5 shown pneumatic commutator 50 includes a double-acting cylinder 51, which affects a maneuvering device 52 for generating switching forces A and B on the setting valve 23 in fig. 3. The maneuvering member 52 is provided with a handle 53 for manual maneuvering. A two-position control valve 54 is connected to the cylinder 51 via lines 55 and 56. A line 57 is connected to the input of the control valve 54 which is connected via a shut-off valve 58 to a compressed air container 59.

The control valve 54 can be adjusted pneumatically and is therefore connected to two control lines 60 and 61. The control line 60 is connected to the line 57 after the shut-off valve 58, while the control line 61 is connected to the line 57 before the shut-off valve 58. In the line 60, a valve included in a setting device 62 is connected 63, while a valve 65 included in a setting device 64 is connected to the line 61. The setting devices 62 and 64 are connected to the lines via lines 66 and 67, acc. 55 and 56.

In each of the setting devices 62 and 64, which

are made the same, the respective valve assumes one of the pressure in a container 68, 69 connected to the relevant valve dependent position. In each one of those to the container 68, resp. 69 connected wires 66, resp. 67, a throat device 70 is included, resp. 71, which are appropriately variable. In parallel with the throttle devices 70 and 71, non-return valves 72 are connected, acc. 73, which closes in the outflow direction from the container 68, acc. 69.

In the one in fig. 5 position, the valve 58 is closed, whereby the oscillating automaton 50 is set for manual oscillating via the maneuvering device 52. The cylinder 51 is vented partly via the line 5'5 and the control valve 54, and partly via the line 56, the control valve 54, the line 57 and the valve 58. This means that the handle 53 can be moved back and forth as desired without encountering any resistance from the cylinder 51.

. Fig. 6 shows the same commuting machine 50 as in fig. 5, but now in a different work position. The commuting machine is here converted to automatic commuting by the shut-off valve 58 being opened. When the control valve 54 is in the position shown, the line 55 is put under pressure, with the result that the piston in the cylinder 51 moves to the right in the figure, i.e. produces a maneuvering force A. The container 68 has just been filled via the line 66 and the non-return valve 72 , whereby the valve 63 is kept in the closed position. At the same time, air leaks via the throat device 71, the lines 67 and 56, as well as the control valve 54, into the atmosphere. This means that the maneuvering member 52 continues to move to the right, until the container 69 is emptied and thereby allows the adjustment of the valve 65 to the one in fig. 5 shown position. Underneath, air comes via the line 61 to change the control valve 54 to the one in fig. 5 shown position, so that a venting of the container 68 is started, and the container 69 is filled again. The adjustment of the control valve 54 now results in the line 56 being put under pressure, whereby the piston in the cylinder 51 instead comes to

move to the left, so that the maneuvering member 52 exerts a switching force B. By regulating the throat devices 70 and 71, the emptying times for the containers 68 and 69 can thus be regulated, which results in the movement pattern of the cylinder 51 being influenced in the desired way. By making the emptying times for the containers 68 and 69 the same length, a movement of the one in fig. 2 shown type, where commuting takes place between two turning positions 17 and 18, which do not change position.

By instead making the emptying time for one container longer than for the other container, a oscillating movement is achieved where the turning position is gradually shifted. In one direction, e.g. the movement takes place from the turning position 17 to the turning position 18, while, on the other hand, the oscillating movement in the opposite direction can be smaller, whereby the turning takes place before the turning position 17 is reached. This in turn results in the next turn

only occurs after the turning position 18 has been passed, etc. In this way, it is thus possible to gradually make the turning positions move in a specific direction.

The cylinder 51 is appropriately sized so that it can be overpowered manually using the handle 53. This makes it possible to shorten or lengthen it in a certain direction during ongoing movement as desired. The result is that center position 19 can be moved. When the handle 53 is released again, a oscillating movement is achieved which is similar to the previous one, but now around a center position that has moved relative to the previous center position 19. This naturally applies on the condition that the setting of the throat devices 70 and 71 does not change. The automatic commutation can be interrupted by changing the shut-off valve 58 to the one in fig. 5 shown position. You can then, if desired, carry out manual commuting using the handle 53.

Of course, commuting machines other than those shown here can also be used to produce an automatic adjustment of the setting valve 23.

Claims (5)

1. Device for oscillating back and forth of a spray nozzle (6) connected to a hanging spray hose (7), particularly for spraying concrete, and which can oscillate around a oscillating axis (10) which runs in the same plane as the longitudinal axis ( 15) to the spray nozzle, and with a drive mechanism (20) for reciprocating operation of the spray nozzle over a oscillating sector between a first and a second turning position (17,18) in relation to the oscillating axis (10), the drive mechanism comprising a hydraulic oscillating motor ( 9) with two working lines (21,22), in that for changing the direction of flow in the motor's working lines, a setting valve (23) can be operated by an automatic oscillating control unit (32,-50) for automatic oscillating of the spray nozzle, characterized in that in each working line (21,22) to the oscillating motor (9) an overpressure compensation valve (29, respectively 30) known per se is arranged, to prevent an acceleration of the oscillating movement under the weight of the spray hose (7) now r the spray nozzle (6) from a more horizontal position is on its way back to a more vertical position, whereby the oscillating speed of the spray nozzle (6) in both directions is kept essentially constant, that the oscillating control unit for resetting the position of the oscillating sector in relation to the oscillating axis (10) can be overridden or changed, and in that the automatic commuting control unit (32,-50) for the manual and automatic commuting is interchangeable and is provided with an operating device (40;53) for the manual commuting. 2. Device as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the automatic commutation control unit (32) is electrically operable and is equipped with two magnetic coils: (44,45), which can be alternately activated and with the help of which the setting valve (23) of the drive mechanism (20) is operable, and in that a time relay (48) can be engaged for the automatic oscillation, during which the two magnetic coils are alternately activated. 3. Device as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the automatic commutation control unit (50) is pneumatically operable and is provided with a double-acting cylinder (51) which operates the setting valve (23) to the drive mechanism (20), which cylinder (51) is driven via a two-position control valve (54) which can be adjusted using two pneumatic control devices (62,64). 4. Device as stated in claim 3, characterized in that a valve (63,65) is arranged in each of the pneumatic control devices (62,64) by means of which a control line (60,61) to the control valve (54) can be opened or closed and which can be kept closed against the force of a reset spring by means of the pressure in a pressure reservoir (68, 69) when the pressure therein exceeds a predetermined pressure level, that the pressure reservoir (68, 69) is connected to one of the lines (55, respectively 56) to the double-acting cylinder (51), in that a non-return valve (72,73) is connected to the pressure vessel and which opens in the filling direction of the pressure vessel, and in that a throttle device (70,71) is connected in parallel with this non-return valve (72 ,73). 5. Device as stated in claim 4, characterized in that the throttle device (70,71) is adjustable for setting the emptying time of the pressure magazine (68,69) and thereby also for setting the time period that is included for the movement of the piston in the cylinder (51) in each direction.