NO140004B - SEALING STRIP FOR INSULATING MULTIPLAYER WINDOWS - Google Patents
SEALING STRIP FOR INSULATING MULTIPLAYER WINDOWS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO140004B NO140004B NO754185A NO754185A NO140004B NO 140004 B NO140004 B NO 140004B NO 754185 A NO754185 A NO 754185A NO 754185 A NO754185 A NO 754185A NO 140004 B NO140004 B NO 140004B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sealing strip
- strip
- windows
- pores
- multiplayer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001441571 Hiodontidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/673—Assembling the units
- E06B3/67326—Assembling spacer elements with the panes
- E06B3/6733—Assembling spacer elements with the panes by applying, e.g. extruding, a ribbon of hardenable material on or between the panes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
- E06B3/66328—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of rubber, plastics or similar materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/673—Assembling the units
- E06B3/67365—Transporting or handling panes, spacer frames or units during assembly
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en tetningslist som tjener som avstandsstykke, anordnet langs kanten av en plate ved fremstilling av flerlagsvinduer som omfatter minst to gjennomsiktige eller gjennomskinnelige plater som ved periferien er skilt fra hverandre ved hjelp av nevnte list. The present invention relates to a sealing strip which serves as a spacer, arranged along the edge of a plate in the production of multi-layer windows comprising at least two transparent or translucent plates which are separated from each other at the periphery by means of said strip.
I den fblgende beskrivelse henviser man til vinduer med glassruter, men dette innebærer selvsagt ingen begrens-ning i oppfinnelsen. In the following description, reference is made to windows with glass panes, but this of course implies no limitation in the invention.
Man vet at tetningslistene utgjor en fuge som har en dobbelt rolle; på den ene siden sikrer den at luftrommet mellom platene blir tett, og hindrer at der trenger damp og stbv fra atmosfæren inn i dette luftmellomrommet, og på den annen side holder den fast på plass de nevnte glassruter i forhold til hverandre i en gitt avstand. It is known that the sealing strips form a joint which has a dual role; on the one hand, it ensures that the air space between the plates becomes tight, and prevents steam and stbv from penetrating into this air gap, and on the other hand, it holds the aforementioned glass panes firmly in place in relation to each other at a given distance.
Disse fuger som utgjores av tetningslistene, består, når de er utfort av plastmateriale, av en indre list av et fc<5>rste plastmateriale av typen polyisobutylen og av en ytre tettemasse av et annet plastmateriale av typen silikon- eller polysulfid-elastomer. Denne tettemassen sproytes inn mellom listen og kanten av glassplatene og på grunn av massens utmerk-ede klebende egenskaper,holder den rutene i korrekt stilling samtidig som den bidrar til å sikre tettheten. Den indre listen tjener bl.a. som det mellomlegg som skiller rutene og som opprettholder mellom dem det onskede rom. For til slutt å sb'rge for at fuktighet som er innesperret i luftrommet mellom glassrutene blir absorbert, innforer man i den indre listen et tbrkemiddel såsom silikagel, kolloidalt silisium eller en substans av typen molekylfilter. These joints, which are formed by the sealing strips, consist, when they are made of plastic material, of an inner strip of a first plastic material of the polyisobutylene type and of an outer sealing compound of another plastic material of the silicone or polysulphide elastomer type. This sealing compound is sprayed between the strip and the edge of the glass panes and due to the compound's excellent adhesive properties, it holds the panes in the correct position while helping to ensure tightness. The inner list serves, among other things, as the spacer that separates the panes and that maintains the desired space between them. Finally, to ensure that moisture trapped in the air space between the panes of glass is absorbed, a wetting agent such as silica gel, colloidal silicon or a substance of the molecular filter type is introduced into the inner strip.
Tetningslistene i isolerende flerlagsvinduer kan utfores med utgangspunkt i staver av termogelatinerende og selv-klebende materiale av typen "hot melt", og med slike tetnings-lister er det mulig å få et relativt stort mellomrom mellom rutene. Til gjengjeld kan ikke fabrikasjonsprosessen gjores fullstendig automatisk. The sealing strips in insulating multi-layer windows can be made from sticks of thermogelatinizing and self-adhesive material of the "hot melt" type, and with such sealing strips it is possible to have a relatively large space between the panes. However, the manufacturing process cannot be fully automated.
På den annen side, vil lister som er fremstilt ved ekstrudering være særlig velegnet til automatisert fremstilling. Automatiske maskiner for å fremstille den indre listen og det ytre belegg av tettemassen er bl.a. beskrevet i franske patent-er nr. 74 34156, 74 34334, 74 34640, 72 28403, 72 45076, On the other hand, moldings produced by extrusion will be particularly suitable for automated production. Automatic machines for producing the inner strip and the outer coating of the sealant are, among other things, described in French Patents No. 74 34156, 74 34334, 74 34640, 72 28403, 72 45076,
72 42468 i patentsøkerens navn. 72 42468 in the name of the patent applicant.
Når man skal foreta en automatisk belegging av tet-ningslister med stor tykkelse, f.eks. med slike maskiner som er beskrevet i det ovennevnte patent nr. 72 42468, er det nbd-vendig at plastmaterialet har visse karakteristiske egenskaper, særlig med hensyn til viskositet, for å gjore ekstrudering mulig og for å sikre en god tilknytning til glasset. When automatic coating of sealing strips with a large thickness is to be carried out, e.g. with such machines as described in the above-mentioned patent no. 72 42468, it is nbd necessary that the plastic material has certain characteristic properties, particularly with regard to viscosity, to make extrusion possible and to ensure a good connection to the glass.
Plastlistene har således gitt gode resultater for luftmellomrom med en bredde på 5 - 6 mm, men over disse tykkelser vil lister av kjent type ha en tendens til å deformeres, slik at man ikke får en onsket avstand og tetthet på en til-fredsstillende måte. På en tilsvarende måte som med bredden på luftmellomrommet mellom rutene nevner man tykkelsen på tetningslisten, avstanden målt loddrett på overflaten av glassrutene . The plastic strips have thus given good results for air gaps with a width of 5 - 6 mm, but above these thicknesses, strips of a known type will tend to deform, so that the desired distance and density are not achieved in a satisfactory manner. In a similar way to the width of the air gap between the panes, the thickness of the sealing strip is mentioned, the distance measured vertically on the surface of the glass panes.
Hvis videre listen kleber dårlig til glasset, ville en automatisk plasering være umulig, fordi den ville gli mot glassoverflaten mens glassruten passerte under injeksjonsdysen. På samme måte vil listen, hvis den ikke hadde den nbdvendige viskositet, bli deformert i stedet for å få den riktige tykkelse, slik at det ville være umulig ved hjelp av påfbrt trykk å plasere den andre ruten slik at systemet blir rett. Furthermore, if the strip adheres poorly to the glass, an automatic placement would be impossible, because it would slide against the glass surface while the pane of glass passed under the injection nozzle. In the same way, if the strip did not have the necessary viscosity, it would be deformed instead of getting the right thickness, so that it would be impossible with the help of applied pressure to place the second square so that the system would be straight.
Sbkeren har klarlagt at det er mulig å unngå disse ulemper og særlig å fremstille flerlagsvinduer med en tetningslist med stor tykkelse under anvendelse av et materiale som gir en viskositet målt ved Mooney konsistometer på 115° etter en prbvetid på 8 minutter ved 40°C. Sbkeren has made it clear that it is possible to avoid these disadvantages and in particular to produce multi-layer windows with a sealing strip of great thickness using a material which gives a viscosity measured by a Mooney consistometer of 115° after a test time of 8 minutes at 40°C.
Sokeren har nu slått fast at det er mulig automatisk å plasere en list- med en tykkelse på mere enn 4 mm og helt opp til 19 mm og mere, ved hjelp av preparater som etter 8 minutter og ved 40°C har viskositet uttrykt i Mooney grader på mer enn 115° etter en prove ifolge fransk standard NFT 43005 ved hjelp av et Mooney konsistometer. Slike preparater kan f.eks. frem-stilles ved en danning av polyisobutylen og butylgummi, hvor vektforholdet mellom polyisobutylen og butylgummi ligger mellom 4 og 8. Soker has now established that it is possible to automatically place a strip with a thickness of more than 4 mm and all the way up to 19 mm and more, using preparations which after 8 minutes and at 40°C have a viscosity expressed in Mooney degrees of more than 115° after a test according to French standard NFT 43005 using a Mooney consistometer. Such preparations can e.g. is produced by a formation of polyisobutylene and butyl rubber, where the weight ratio between polyisobutylene and butyl rubber is between 4 and 8.
Tetningslisten ifolge oppfinnelsen karakteriseres således ved at den er fremstilt av et materiale som på vektbasis omfatter: The sealing strip according to the invention is thus characterized in that it is made of a material which, on a weight basis, includes:
En foretrukket list har fblgende sammensetning: A preferred list has the following composition:
som underkastes prover ifolge fransk standard NFT 43005, som er nevnt tidligere, ved hjelp av et Mooney konsistometer for å etablere viskositetskurver som en funksjon av temperaturen og tiden vist i fig. 1 og 2. which are subjected to tests according to French standard NFT 43005, mentioned earlier, by means of a Mooney consistometer to establish viscosity curves as a function of temperature and time shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Man konstaterer at ved 40°C og etter 8 minutter, er viskositeten for dette preparatet alltid over 115° Mooney. It is noted that at 40°C and after 8 minutes, the viscosity of this preparation is always above 115° Mooney.
Molekylfiltrene som anvendes som torkemiddel består fortrinnsvis av en blanding av molekylfiltre, hvor dimensjon-ene på adsorbsjonsporene henholdsvis er i- stbrrelsesorden 4 Å og 10 Å og hvor vektandelene er folgende: The molecular filters used as desiccant preferably consist of a mixture of molecular filters, where the dimensions of the adsorption pores are respectively 4 Å and 10 Å and where the weight proportions are as follows:
Filter på 4 Å: 0-4 vektprosent av listen, Filter of 4 Å: 0-4 weight percent of the list,
Filter på 10 Å: 0 - 1 vektprosent av hele listen. Filter of 10 Å: 0 - 1 weight percent of the entire list.
Andre fordeler og karakteristiske trekk ved oppfinnelsen fremgår av den etterfølgende beskrivelse under hen- Other advantages and characteristic features of the invention appear from the following description under
visning til de ledsagende tegninger. view to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 er en kurve som viser variasjonen ved 40°C av Mooney viskositeten som en funksjon av tiden av et materiale som inngår i tetningslisten. Fig. 2 er en kurve som viser variasjonen av Mooney viskositeten som funksjon av temperaturen etter 8 minutter av det plastmateriale som inngår i tetningslisten. Fig. 1 is a curve showing the variation at 40°C of the Mooney viscosity as a function of time of a material included in the sealing strip. Fig. 2 is a curve showing the variation of the Mooney viscosity as a function of temperature after 8 minutes of the plastic material included in the sealing strip.
En list ifolge oppfinnelsen kan plaseres automatisk-på en glassplate med en hastighet på minst 30 cm/sek., på grunn av en tilstrekkelig klebende evne i forhold til glasset, og siden man ikke får noen deformasjon for ved tykkelser som tilsvarer eller er storre enn 19 mm. A strip according to the invention can be placed automatically on a glass plate with a speed of at least 30 cm/sec., due to a sufficient adhesive ability in relation to the glass, and since no deformation is obtained for thicknesses equal to or greater than 19 mm.
Plaseringen av denne listen utfores etter en frem-gangsmåte som består i å plasere listen på en av glassplatene på en slik måte at listens akse danner en vinkel med påforsels-retningen a som ligger mellom 15 og 45° og fortrinnsvis mellom 25 og 35°. The placement of this strip is carried out according to a procedure which consists in placing the strip on one of the glass plates in such a way that the strip's axis forms an angle with the application direction a which lies between 15 and 45° and preferably between 25 and 35°.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7440824A FR2294313A1 (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1974-12-11 | MULTIPLE GLAZING INSULATION WITH LARGE THICKNESS INTERCAL AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PLACEMENT OF THIS INTERIOR |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO754185L NO754185L (en) | 1976-06-14 |
| NO140004B true NO140004B (en) | 1979-03-12 |
| NO140004C NO140004C (en) | 1979-06-20 |
Family
ID=9146029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO754185A NO140004C (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1975-12-10 | SEALING STRIP FOR INSULATING MULTIPLAYER WINDOWS |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS5442367B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT368112B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU497966B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE836506A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7508176A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1068097A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH609657A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2555383C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK151222C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES443306A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI58384C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2294313A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1524849A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE43649B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1051472B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU73984A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL178804C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO140004C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ179493A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE415379B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA757740B (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE402145B (en) * | 1977-07-25 | 1978-06-19 | Becker Leslaw | PROCEDURE AND CORNER PIECE TO REPLACE A HERMETICALLY TIGHT JOINT TO AN INSULAR GLASS ROUTE UNIT |
| DE3217516C2 (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1985-04-25 | Teroson Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg | Butyl rubber and / or polyisobutylene sealants |
| FR2570366B1 (en) * | 1984-09-17 | 1991-10-04 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR EXTRUDING A PLASTIC MATERIAL OF THE BUTYL RUBBER TYPE AND APPLICATION TO THE MANUFACTURE OF MULTIPLE WINDOWS |
| DK166578B1 (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1993-06-14 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | PLANT FOR EXTRUSION AND APPLICATION OF A STRING OF PLASTIC MATERIAL ON A GLASS PLATE |
| DE3729036A1 (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-09 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | INSULATED GLASS PANEL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
| DE3809301A1 (en) * | 1988-03-19 | 1989-09-28 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | INSULATED GLASS PANEL |
| DE4104108A1 (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1992-08-13 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | Appts. for applying sealing strand material to insulating glass pane - has robot arm with jet to apply distance sealing strip and adjacent ball feed for distortion-free laying |
| DE4312956C2 (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1996-04-25 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Device for gas exchange in multi-pane insulating glass units and method for their use |
| DE4335671A1 (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-05-04 | Lenhardt Maschinenbau | Method and device for assembling insulating glass panes with frame-shaped spacers from a plastic mass |
| DE4433749C2 (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 2002-11-21 | Lenhardt Maschinenbau | Method and device for applying a plastic spacer to a glass sheet |
| FR2726316B1 (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-12-13 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | MULTIPLE GLAZING WITH JOINT IN PLASTICS |
| DE4447049A1 (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-11 | Flachglas Ag | Glass insulating unit, e.g. for buildings or cars |
| EP0811656B1 (en) † | 1995-12-26 | 2004-04-28 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Double-glazed unit comprising resin composition |
| DE19624236A1 (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 1998-01-08 | Henkel Teroson Gmbh | Reactive hot melt adhesive composition for insulating glass |
| GB9724077D0 (en) * | 1997-11-15 | 1998-01-14 | Dow Corning Sa | Insulating glass units |
| DE19922507C2 (en) * | 1999-05-15 | 2003-01-30 | Vetrotech Saint Gobain Int Ag | Fire-resistant glazing |
| DE10015290A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-11 | Henkel Teroson Gmbh | Reactive Melt Granules for Isoliergals |
| PT1432570E (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2008-01-11 | Vetrotech Saint Gobain Int Ag | Method and device for filling a cavity between two sheets of fire-resisting composite glass |
| GB0610634D0 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2006-07-05 | Dow Corning | Insulating glass unit |
| DE102007051610A1 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Lenhardt Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for injecting a strand of a pasty mass into the space between two glass plates of an insulating glass pane |
| US20090320921A1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-12-31 | Grommesh Robert C | Photovoltaic Glazing Assembly and Method |
| US8101039B2 (en) | 2008-04-10 | 2012-01-24 | Cardinal Ig Company | Manufacturing of photovoltaic subassemblies |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS473169U (en) * | 1971-02-02 | 1972-09-02 | ||
| US3791910A (en) * | 1972-03-07 | 1974-02-12 | Ppg Industries Inc | Multiple glazed unit |
| JPS5723658B2 (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1982-05-19 |
-
1974
- 1974-12-11 FR FR7440824A patent/FR2294313A1/en active Granted
-
1975
- 1975-12-08 SE SE7513799A patent/SE415379B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-09 DE DE2555383A patent/DE2555383C3/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-09 IE IE2678/75A patent/IE43649B1/en unknown
- 1975-12-09 ES ES443306A patent/ES443306A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-10 NL NLAANVRAGE7514379,A patent/NL178804C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-10 BE BE162636A patent/BE836506A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-10 GB GB9923/78A patent/GB1524849A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-10 LU LU73984A patent/LU73984A1/xx unknown
- 1975-12-10 DK DK560875A patent/DK151222C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-10 ZA ZA757740A patent/ZA757740B/en unknown
- 1975-12-10 NO NO754185A patent/NO140004C/en unknown
- 1975-12-10 BR BR7508176*A patent/BR7508176A/en unknown
- 1975-12-10 NZ NZ179493A patent/NZ179493A/en unknown
- 1975-12-10 IT IT70035/75A patent/IT1051472B/en active
- 1975-12-10 AU AU87416/75A patent/AU497966B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-10 CH CH1605975A patent/CH609657A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-10 FI FI753483A patent/FI58384C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-10 GB GB50620/75A patent/GB1524848A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-11 AT AT0943275A patent/AT368112B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-11 CA CA241,527A patent/CA1068097A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-11 JP JP14695275A patent/JPS5442367B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-06-15 JP JP7271678A patent/JPS5415924A/en active Granted
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