NO134876B - - Google Patents
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- NO134876B NO134876B NO3140/73A NO314073A NO134876B NO 134876 B NO134876 B NO 134876B NO 3140/73 A NO3140/73 A NO 3140/73A NO 314073 A NO314073 A NO 314073A NO 134876 B NO134876 B NO 134876B
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- leaching
- gold
- aqua regia
- platinum
- Prior art date
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUXNAKZDHHEHPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Br(=O)=O XUXNAKZDHHEHPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/22—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition
- C22B3/24—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G5/00—Compounds of silver
- C01G5/003—Preparation involving a liquid-liquid extraction, an adsorption or an ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
- C01G55/001—Preparation involving a liquid-liquid extraction, an adsorption or an ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G7/00—Compounds of gold
- C01G7/003—Preparation involving a liquid-liquid extraction, an adsorption or an ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/32—Carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende -oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte The present invention relates to a method
til separering og anrikning av metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull, hvor metallene tilhørende platinagruppen eller en gruppe av disse som omfatter ruthenium og/eller iridium, smeltes med en blyforbindelse, om nødvendig et reduksjonsmiddel samt et flussmiddel til dannelse av en legering av metallene tilhørende platinagruppen, gull og bly, slagg som derved dannes fjernes, legeringen utlutes med salpeter- for the separation and enrichment of metals belonging to the platinum group and gold, where the metals belonging to the platinum group or a group of these comprising ruthenium and/or iridium are melted with a lead compound, if necessary a reducing agent and a flux to form an alloy of the metals belonging to the platinum group, gold and lead, the slag that is formed thereby is removed, the alloy is leached with nitrate
syre for stort sett å fjerne blyet og utlutes deretter med kongevann for fjerning av platina, palladium, gull og delvis rhodium fra ruthenium og/eller iridium. acid to largely remove the lead and then leached with aqua regia to remove the platinum, palladium, gold and some rhodium from the ruthenium and/or iridium.
Vanligvis forekommer de fem metaller tilhørende platinagruppen, nemlig platina,, palladium, iridium, ruthenium og rhodium, sammen med gull i naturen, og disse grunnstoffer må separeres fra hverandre og renses for å være anvendbare i handel eller industri. Vanligvis gjennomføres en begynnende separering av disse grunnstoffer i to grupper ved å behandle grunnblandingen, som vanligvis er en matteutlutingsrest eller slam, med kongevann, idet i dette tilfelle platina, palladium og gull oppløses, mens iridium, ruthenium og rhodium stort sett blir tilbake i resten fra denne behandling. De to grupper av metaller som derved oppnås underkastes deretter vanligvis lange og kompliserte separeringsprosesser for å separere og anrike de enkelte metaller. Usually the five metals belonging to the platinum group, namely platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium and rhodium, occur together with gold in nature, and these elements must be separated from each other and purified to be usable in commerce or industry. Usually, an initial separation of these elements into two groups is carried out by treating the basic mixture, which is usually a matte leach residue or sludge, with aqua regia, in which case platinum, palladium and gold dissolve, while iridium, ruthenium and rhodium mostly remain in the residue from this treatment. The two groups of metals thus obtained are then usually subjected to long and complicated separation processes in order to separate and enrich the individual metals.
De to grupper som således oppnås er ofte ikke separert The two groups thus obtained are often not separated
så godt som ønskelig. Særlig forekommer det ofte betydelige mengder platina, palladium og gull sammen med rhodium, iridium og ruthenium. Videre er uønsket store mengder silisiumdioksyd og uedle metaller vanligvis nærværende i gruppen som består av rhodium, iridium og ruthenium. as good as desired. In particular, there are often significant quantities of platinum, palladium and gold together with rhodium, iridium and ruthenium. Furthermore, undesirably large amounts of silicon dioxide and base metals are usually present in the group consisting of rhodium, iridium and ruthenium.
Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å frembringe en fremgangsmåte for separering og anrikning av metallene til-hørende platinagruppen og gull hvorved det frembringes forbed-ret separering av de to hovedgrupper og hvorved fjerningen av silisiumdioksyd og uedle metaller fra den sekundære gruppe om-fattende rhodium, ruthenium og iridium bedres. The purpose of the present invention is to produce a method for separating and enriching the metals belonging to the platinum group and gold whereby improved separation of the two main groups is produced and whereby the removal of silicon dioxide and base metals from the secondary group including rhodium, ruthenium and iridium are improved.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kjennetegnes ved at oppløsningen fra kongevannutlutingen inndampes til tørr tilstand og at resten som derved dannes, oppvarmes til mellom 575 og 600°C, hvoretter det.foretas en ytterligere utluting med kongevann av den resulterende rest for å løse opp platina, palladium og gull, mens rhodium forblir uoppløst. The method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the solution from the aqua regia leaching is evaporated to a dry state and that the resulting residue is heated to between 575 and 600°C, after which a further leaching with aqua regia of the resulting residue is carried out to dissolve platinum, palladium and gold, while rhodium remains undissolved.
Det er funnet at dannelsen av en slik legering resulterer i at silisiumdioksyd og uedle metaller fjernes i større grad enn i den konvensjonelle prosess og også i en bedre oppdeling mellom de to metallgrupper som oppnås. Dette skyldes delvis at legeringsdannelsen gjør ruthenium og iridium mindre oppløselig enn de normalt er. It has been found that the formation of such an alloy results in silicon dioxide and base metals being removed to a greater extent than in the conventional process and also in a better division between the two metal groups that is obtained. This is partly because the alloying makes ruthenium and iridium less soluble than they normally are.
Legeringsdannelsen gjennomføres fortrinnsvis ved en temperatur på mellom 1100° og 12 0 0°C. Blyforbindelsen er fortrinnsvis blyoksyd, men ville også kunne være for eksempel blykarbonat, blysulfid, blysulfat eller blyacetat. Flussmidlet bør være et basisk flussmiddel, såsom natriumkarbdnat, fortrinnsvis blandet med et smeltepunktnedsettende middel, såsom boraks eller fluss-spat. Reduksjonsmidlet som er nødvendig i mange tilfeller er fortrinnsvis trekull. Når det anvendes blyacetat eller bly-formiat som blyforbindelse, er det ikke nødvendig med et reduksjonsmiddel. The alloy formation is preferably carried out at a temperature of between 1100° and 1200°C. The lead compound is preferably lead oxide, but could also be, for example, lead carbonate, lead sulphide, lead sulphate or lead acetate. The flux should be a basic flux, such as sodium carbonate, preferably mixed with a melting point depressant, such as borax or fluorspar. The reducing agent required in many cases is preferably charcoal. When lead acetate or lead formate is used as lead compound, a reducing agent is not necessary.
For at oppfinnelsen kan forstås lettere, vil det i det etterfølgende bli beskrevet et eksempel på denne anvendt på In order that the invention can be understood more easily, an example of this applied to will be described below
en separasjonsprosess under henvisning til den medfølgende tegning som viser et flytdiagram som angir hovedseparerings-trinnene ifølge oppfinnelsen. a separation process with reference to the accompanying drawing showing a flow diagram indicating the main separation steps according to the invention.
Generelt frembringes konsentrater av metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull i form av matteutlutingsrester eller sligger, og de bearbeides fra dette trinn for å separere og anrike dem. In general, concentrates of platinum group metals and gold are produced in the form of matte leach residues or slags and are processed from this stage to separate and enrich them.
Ifølge eksemplet behandles en matteutlutingssligg som inneholder metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull ifølge den etterfølgende generelle fremganasmåte som også angir re-sultatene for et spesifikt eksempel hvor mengdene av forskjel- According to the example, a matte leaching slag containing metals belonging to the platinum group and gold is treated according to the following general procedure which also indicates the results for a specific example where the amounts of differ-
lige reagenser er angitt i parentes. equal reagents are indicated in parentheses.
Sliggen som ble anvendt som råstoff ifølge denne utfør-elsesform inneholdt følgende: The slag that was used as raw material according to this embodiment contained the following:
Først ble 2,5 kg sligg røstet i en luftstrøm ved 600°C First, 2.5 kg of slag was roasted in an air stream at 600°C
i to timer for å omdanne eventuelle sulfider og fritt svovel til oksyder på et trinn 1. for two hours to convert any sulphides and free sulfur into oxides in a step 1.
Det røstete materiale ble kokt på et trinn 2 i to timer med 20 prosentig ^SO^(3 1) med tilbakeløp under omrøring, avkjølt til 55°C og filtrert for å løse hovedmengden av de tilstedeværende metaller. The roasted material was boiled on a stage 2 for two hours with 20 percent ^SO^(3 L) under reflux with stirring, cooled to 55°C and filtered to resolve the bulk of the metals present.
Kalsiumoksyd (CaO) ble tilsatt til filtratet på et trinn Calcium oxide (CaO) was added to the filtrate in one step
3 for å utfelle alt nikkel, kobber, metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull i filtratet. Denne utfelling ble beholdt og inneholdt 30 mg platina, 100 mg palladium, 10 mg gull, 50 mg rhodium og 40 mg iridium. I praksis ville denne utfelling bli sirkulert til en mattesmelter. 3 to precipitate all nickel, copper, metals belonging to the platinum group and gold in the filtrate. This precipitate was retained and contained 30 mg of platinum, 100 mg of palladium, 10 mg of gold, 50 mg of rhodium and 40 mg of iridium. In practice, this precipitate would be circulated to a matte melter.
Resten som ble oppnådd etter svovelsyrebehandlingen ble deretter utlutet på et trinn 4 med kongevann ( lk 1) i tre timer. Denne utluting med kongevann og alle etterfølgende ut-lutinger med kongevann ble gjennomført på følgende måte: Materialet ble kokt sammen med den nødvendige mengde saltsyre (HC1) med tilbakeløp i tretti minutter. Den nød-vendige mengde salpetersyre (HNO^) ble deretter langsomt tilsatt over en periode på seksti minutter. Blandingen fikk deretter koke resten av tiden, dvs. i en og en halv time. The residue obtained after the sulfuric acid treatment was then leached on a step 4 with aqua regia (lk 1) for three hours. This leaching with aqua regia and all subsequent leachings with aqua regia were carried out in the following manner: The material was boiled together with the required amount of hydrochloric acid (HC1) under reflux for thirty minutes. The required amount of nitric acid (HNO3) was then slowly added over a period of sixty minutes. The mixture was then allowed to boil for the remainder of the time, i.e. for one and a half hours.
Natriumbromat (NaBr03) (30 g) ble deretter tilsatt til løsningen som fikk koke i ytterligere tretti minutter etter tynning av løsningen med vann (1,5 - 3) for å oksydere metallene tilhørende platinagruppen og gullet til deres høyeste, stabile oksydasjonstrinn. pH ble deretter regulert til 6,5 Sodium bromate (NaBr03) (30 g) was then added to the solution which was allowed to boil for a further thirty minutes after diluting the solution with water (1.5 - 3) to oxidize the platinum group metals and the gold to their highest, stable oxidation states. The pH was then adjusted to 6.5
med natriumkarbonat ved 60°C (1 kg) for å felle ut alle metallene unntatt platina som deres oksydhydrater. Løsningen fikk stå i tretti minutter og ble deretter filtrert under vakuum. Platina ble fjernet på denne måte for å minske med omtrent 50% hovedmengden av metallene tilhørende platinagruppen og gull som skulle underkastes blylegeringsdannelse. with sodium carbonate at 60°C (1 kg) to precipitate all the metals except platinum as their oxide hydrates. The solution was allowed to stand for thirty minutes and then filtered under vacuum. Platinum was removed in this way to reduce by approximately 50% the main amount of metals belonging to the platinum group and gold to be subjected to lead alloy formation.
Til filtratet (90% platina (Pt) i tilførselen) ble det tilsatt maursyre (0,2 1) på et trinn 5, og oppløsningen ble kokt med tilbakeløp under omrøring i fem timer. Natriumkarbonat (Na2C03) (0,3 kg) ble tilsatt på et trinn 6 trinnvis i løpet av en time inntil en pH på 5 var oppnådd. Løsningen To the filtrate (90% platinum (Pt) in the feed) was added formic acid (0.2 L) in a step 5, and the solution was refluxed with stirring for five hours. Sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) (0.3 kg) was added on a step 6 stepwise basis over an hour until a pH of 5 was achieved. The solution
. ble deretter kokt i ytterligere seksti minutter, avkjølt til 60°C og filtrert under vakuum. Trinnene 5 og 6 ble gjennomført . was then boiled for a further sixty minutes, cooled to 60°C and filtered under vacuum. Steps 5 and 6 were completed
for å felle ut platina i oppløsningen. to precipitate platinum in the solution.
Filtratet ble ført over en anionbytterkolonne på et trinn 7 og den utstrømmende væske fjernet. Denne væske inneholdt 100 mg Pt, 10 mg Pd, 10 mg Au,. 1 mg Rh og 25 mg Ir. The filtrate was passed over an anion exchange column on a step 7 and the flowing liquid removed. This liquid contained 100 mg Pt, 10 mg Pd, 10 mg Au,. 1 mg Rh and 25 mg Ir.
Utfellingen ble løst på et trinn 8 i kongevann (11), The precipitate was dissolved in a step 8 in aqua regia (11),
avkjølt og filtrert. Den oppnådde rest var sølvklorid (AgCl). cooled and filtered. The residue obtained was silver chloride (AgCl).
Dette kongevannfiltrat inneholdt hovedmengden av platina. This aqua regia filtrate contained the main amount of platinum.
Dette platina ble sammenført med hovedmengden av palladium og gull som beskrevet i det etterfølgende, og separering av disse metaller tilhørende platinagruppen ble gjennomført separat. Den fremgangsmåte som ble benyttet vil ikke bli beskrevet her idet den er uvedkommende for de grunnleggende separeringstrinn ifølge oppfinnelsen. This platinum was combined with the main amount of palladium and gold as described below, and separation of these metals belonging to the platinum group was carried out separately. The method that was used will not be described here as it is irrelevant to the basic separation steps according to the invention.
Den oppnådde rest/utfelling fra den første utluting med kongevann og utfellinger med natriumkarbonat på trinn 4 (14 0 0 g) ble blandet med et flussmiddel A og et flussmiddel B som er angitt nedenfor, og smeltet på et trinn 9 i syttifem minutter ved 1140°C. Resultatet av dette var at rhodium for det meste ble omdannet fra en rest som var oppløselig i kongevann til ' en form som var oppløselig i kongevann. Dessuten ble oppløse-ligheten for iridium og ruthenium i kongevann minsket ytterligere. 2,5 kg av flussmiddel A pr. kg rest og 335 g av flussmiddel B pr. 100 g platinametaller tilhørende platinagruppen + Au som skulle oppsamles ble anvendt. Disse flussmidler hadde følgende sammensetninger: The residue/precipitate obtained from the first aqua regia and sodium carbonate precipitates of step 4 (1400 g) was mixed with a flux A and a flux B indicated below and melted on a step 9 for seventy-five minutes at 1140 °C. The result of this was that rhodium was mostly converted from a residue which was soluble in aqua regia to a form which was soluble in aqua regia. Furthermore, the solubility of iridium and ruthenium in aqua regia was further reduced. 2.5 kg of flux A per kg residue and 335 g of flux B per 100 g of platinum metals belonging to the platinum group + Au to be collected were used. These fluxes had the following compositions:
Det smeltete materiale ble helt i jernformer hvor det fikk kjølne. Blykulene som derved ble oppnådd ble separert fra slaggen, og slaggen ble formalt og beholdt, men ville i praksis blitt ført tilbake til mattesmelteren. Slaggen inneholdt 520 mg Pt, 230 mg Pd, 45 mg Au, 24 mg Rh, 45 mg Ru (ruthenium) og 5 mg Ir. The molten material was poured into iron molds where it was allowed to cool. The lead balls thus obtained were separated from the slag, and the slag was ground and retained, but in practice would have been returned to the mat smelter. The slag contained 520 mg Pt, 230 mg Pd, 45 mg Au, 24 mg Rh, 45 mg Ru (ruthenium) and 5 mg Ir.
Blykulene ble formalt og deretter kokt på et trinn lo i fem timer med tilbakeløp med 20 prosentig HNO^(5,5 1) for å fjerne bly. Løsningen ble avkjølt til 55°C og filtrert under vakuum. Resten ble tilført til et etterfølgende utlutingstrinn med kongevann som er antydet som et trinn 11. The lead balls were ground and then boiled at a stage of boiling for five hours at reflux with 20 percent HNO^(5.5 L) to remove lead. The solution was cooled to 55°C and filtered under vacuum. The residue was added to a subsequent leaching step with aqua regia which is indicated as a step 11.
Maursyre (0,05 1) ble tilsatt på et trinn 12 til filtratet fra salpetersyreutlutiiigen på trinn 10, og pH ble regulert til 2,0 med natriumkarbonat Na2C03, (0,3 kg) for å felle ut ethvert metall tilhørende platinagruppen og gull som ble oppløst av salpetersyren. Oppløsningen ble deretter omrørt i fem timer ved romtemperatur og filtrert under vakuum. Formic acid (0.05 L) was added in a step 12 to the filtrate from the nitric acid leachate in step 10, and the pH was adjusted to 2.0 with sodium carbonate Na 2 CO 3 , (0.3 kg) to precipitate any platinum group metal and gold that was dissolved by the nitric acid. The solution was then stirred for five hours at room temperature and filtered under vacuum.
Den oppnådde utfelling ble kombinert med resten fra salpetersyreutlutingen på trinn 10 og tilført-til kongevannutlutingen på trinn 11. NH^OH ble tilsatt på et trinn 13 til. fil tratet, for å felle ut blyet og ethvert metall tilhørende platinagruppen + Au som var til stede, og denne utfelling ble tørket og glødet, og ville i praksis blitt ført tilbake til blysmelt-ingstrinnet 9. The precipitate obtained was combined with the residue from the nitric acid leaching of step 10 and added to the aqua regia leaching of step 11. NH 2 OH was added in a further step 13. filed, to precipitate the lead and any metal of the platinum group + Au that was present, and this precipitate was dried and annealed, and in practice would have been returned to the lead smelting stage 9.
Den kombinerte rest/utfelling ble kokt på trinn 11 med kongevann (0,75 1) i tre timer med tilbakeløp. Oppløsningen ble avkjølt til 55°C og filtrert under vakuum. Resten utgjorde en del av tilførselen til prosessen for separering av rhodium, iridium og ruthenium fra hverandre. Denne rest inneholdt 850 mg Pt, 700 mg Pd, 100 mg Au, 5000 mg Rh, 14720 mg Ru og 1420 mg Ir. De edle metaller utgjør vanligvis omtrent 50% av dette metallkonsentrat, idet resten er blyklorid (PbCl,,) . The combined residue/precipitate was boiled at step 11 with aqua regia (0.75 L) for three hours at reflux. The solution was cooled to 55°C and filtered under vacuum. The rest formed part of the feed to the process for separating rhodium, iridium and ruthenium from each other. This residue contained 850 mg Pt, 700 mg Pd, 100 mg Au, 5000 mg Rh, 14720 mg Ru and 1420 mg Ir. The noble metals usually make up about 50% of this metal concentrate, the rest being lead chloride (PbCl,,).
Til filtratet fra kongevannutlutingen på trinn 11 ble det på et trinn 14 tilsatt den støkiometriske mengde H^SO^pluss et overskudd på 10% (100 ml 50 prosentigI^SO^) for å felle ut bly som var til stede i oppløsningen. Oppløsningen ble kokt i tretti minutter, avkjølt til 55°C og filtrert. To the filtrate from the aqua regia leach of step 11, at a step 14 was added the stoichiometric amount of H^SO^ plus an excess of 10% (100 ml of 50 percent I^SO^) to precipitate lead present in the solution. The solution was boiled for thirty minutes, cooled to 55°C and filtered.
Det utfelte blysulfat ble glødet på et trinn 15 til sølv-erglød (PbO) og var ferdig til å bli resirkulert til blysmelt-ingstrinnet. The precipitated lead sulfate was annealed in a stage 15 to silver annealing (PbO) and was ready to be recycled to the lead smelting stage.
Filtratet fra blyutfellingstrinnet ble inndampet til tørr tilstand på et trinn 16, og saltene som derved ble oppnådd ble glødet ved 600°C i to timer. Denne temperatur ble The filtrate from the lead precipitation step was evaporated to dryness on a stage 16, and the salts thus obtained were annealed at 600°C for two hours. This temperature was
. funnet å være viktig for å holde rhodium i resten uoppløselig . found to be important in keeping the rhodium in the residue insoluble
i kongevann. in aqua regia.
Det glødete produkt ble deretter kokt på et trinn 17 med kongevann (0,75 1) med tilbakeløp i tre timer. Oppløsningen ble avkjølt og filtrert under vakuum. The annealed product was then refluxed on stage 17 with aqua regia (0.75 L) for three hours. The solution was cooled and filtered under vacuum.
Resten ble kombinert med resten fra kongevannutlutingen på trinn 11 som ble gjennomført etter legeringsdannelse for å' danne en kombinert tilførsel for separeringen av de sekundære metaller tilhørende platinagruppen, nemlig rhodium, ruthenium og iridium og hadde et innhold av metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull på 1130 mg Pt, 850 mgPd, 120 mg Au, 7480 mg Rh, 14920 mg.Ru og 1720 mg Ir. The residue was combined with the residue from the regia leaching of step 11 which was carried out after alloying to form a combined feed for the separation of the secondary platinum group metals, namely rhodium, ruthenium and iridium and had a platinum group metal and gold content of 1130 mg Pt, 850 mgPd, 120 mg Au, 7480 mg Rh, 14920 mg.Ru and 1720 mg Ir.
Filtratet som ble oppnådd etter den siste kongevannutlutingen på trinn 17 ble kombinert med det som ble oppnådd ved kongevannutlutingen på trinn 8 som ble utført på metallene som ble løst på det første utlutingstrinn 4 for å frembringe en tilførsel til separeringsprosessen for platina, palladium og gull. Denne tilførsel hadde et innhold av platinametaller og gull på 171.210 mg Pt, 74.790 mg Pd, 14.560 mg Au, 200 mg Rh, 25 mg Ru og 210 mg Ir. The filtrate obtained after the final aqua regia leaching of step 17 was combined with that obtained from the aqua regia leaching of step 8 carried out on the metals dissolved in the first leaching step 4 to produce a feed to the platinum, palladium and gold separation process. This supply had a content of platinum metals and gold of 171,210 mg Pt, 74,790 mg Pd, 14,560 mg Au, 200 mg Rh, 25 mg Ru and 210 mg Ir.
Det vil derfor forstås at anvendelse av den foreliggende oppfinnelse gjør det mulig å separere de to grupper metaller tilhørende platinagruppen og gull effektivt fra hverandre og fra uedle metaller og gråberg i det opprinnelige materiale. It will therefore be understood that application of the present invention makes it possible to separate the two groups of metals belonging to the platinum group and gold effectively from each other and from base metals and gray rock in the original material.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO750275A NO750275L (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1975-01-30 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA725489A ZA725489B (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1972-08-10 | Improvements in or relating to the separation and purification of platinum group metals and gold |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO134876B true NO134876B (en) | 1976-09-20 |
NO134876C NO134876C (en) | 1976-12-29 |
Family
ID=25565245
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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NO733140A NO134876C (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1973-08-07 |
Country Status (10)
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JP (2) | JPS547255B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU459139B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE803389A (en) |
CA (1) | CA990510A (en) |
FI (1) | FI61322C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2195691B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1418060A (en) |
IT (1) | IT993693B (en) |
NO (1) | NO134876C (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA725489B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5821809Y2 (en) * | 1979-11-29 | 1983-05-09 | 株式会社椿本チエイン | Transportation truck storage box |
JPS57127053U (en) * | 1981-02-03 | 1982-08-07 | ||
JPS6048829A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1985-03-16 | Shin Meiwa Ind Co Ltd | Container conveying and discharge apparatus |
ZA866852B (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1988-05-25 | Fine Metals Export Pty Ltd | Refining process |
JPS63262328A (en) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-28 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Automatic loader in conveyor system |
CA2054522C (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 2000-08-08 | C. Neil Smith | Ore feed heating |
JP3741117B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2006-02-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Mutual separation of platinum group elements |
CA2731859A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Metquest Research India Pvt. Ltd. | Removal of metals from complex ores |
-
1972
- 1972-08-10 ZA ZA725489A patent/ZA725489B/en unknown
-
1973
- 1973-07-27 GB GB3594573A patent/GB1418060A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-27 FI FI2368/73A patent/FI61322C/en active
- 1973-07-30 CA CA177,556A patent/CA990510A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-02 AU AU58810/73A patent/AU459139B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-07 IT IT27620/73A patent/IT993693B/en active
- 1973-08-07 NO NO733140A patent/NO134876C/no unknown
- 1973-08-09 BE BE134381A patent/BE803389A/en unknown
- 1973-08-10 JP JP7389374A patent/JPS547255B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-08-10 FR FR7329342A patent/FR2195691B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-06-20 JP JP7199777A patent/JPS547255A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IT993693B (en) | 1975-09-30 |
FR2195691B1 (en) | 1978-01-27 |
FI61322C (en) | 1982-07-12 |
FR2195691A1 (en) | 1974-03-08 |
FI61322B (en) | 1982-03-31 |
GB1418060A (en) | 1975-12-17 |
JPS547255B2 (en) | 1979-04-05 |
AU5881073A (en) | 1975-02-13 |
JPS4945820A (en) | 1974-05-01 |
AU459139B2 (en) | 1975-03-20 |
DE2340183B2 (en) | 1975-07-03 |
CA990510A (en) | 1976-06-08 |
NO134876C (en) | 1976-12-29 |
BE803389A (en) | 1973-12-03 |
ZA725489B (en) | 1973-09-26 |
DE2340183A1 (en) | 1974-02-28 |
JPS547255A (en) | 1979-01-19 |
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