NO132029B - - Google Patents
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- NO132029B NO132029B NO2316/69A NO231669A NO132029B NO 132029 B NO132029 B NO 132029B NO 2316/69 A NO2316/69 A NO 2316/69A NO 231669 A NO231669 A NO 231669A NO 132029 B NO132029 B NO 132029B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cheese
- box
- ripening
- raw
- shrink
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011617 hard cheese Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- 240000002129 Malva sylvestris Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000006770 Malva sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014059 processed cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F31/00—Inking arrangements or devices
- B41F31/02—Ducts, containers, supply or metering devices
- B41F31/10—Applications of feed or duct rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/008—Mechanical features of drives, e.g. gears, clutches
- B41F13/012—Taking-up backlash
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/20—Supports for bearings or supports for forme, offset, or impression cylinders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/24—Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments
- B41F13/34—Cylinder lifting or adjusting devices
- B41F13/36—Cams, eccentrics, wedges, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F21/00—Devices for conveying sheets through printing apparatus or machines
- B41F21/08—Combinations of endless conveyors and grippers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F7/00—Rotary lithographic machines
- B41F7/02—Rotary lithographic machines for offset printing
- B41F7/12—Rotary lithographic machines for offset printing using two cylinders one of which serves two functions, e.g. as a transfer and impression cylinder in perfecting machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
- B41P2213/00—Arrangements for actuating or driving printing presses; Auxiliary devices or processes
- B41P2213/70—Driving devices associated with particular installations or situations
- B41P2213/73—Driving devices for multicolour presses
- B41P2213/734—Driving devices for multicolour presses each printing unit being driven by its own electric motor, i.e. electric shaft
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
- Rotary Presses (AREA)
- Supply, Installation And Extraction Of Printed Sheets Or Plates (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
- Control Of Presses (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av skorpefri skjære- eller hårdost. Process for the production of rind-free cutting or hard cheese.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av skorpefri skjære-eller hårdost i lufttett pakning. The invention relates to a method for producing rind-free sliced or hard cheese in airtight packaging.
Vanligvis blir ved ostefremstillingen Usually during cheese production
den stivnede masse som er fremkommet the solidified mass that has emerged
efter tykkgj øringen, befridd for fuktighet after thickening, freed from moisture
ved presning og formet, hvorpå det gjen-nomføres en ytterligere avvanning av overflaten ved hjelp av en tilsluttende salt-behandling eller den stivnede masse saltes by pressing and shaped, after which a further dewatering of the surface is carried out by means of a subsequent salt treatment or the hardened mass is salted
og i tilknytning formes og presses. I begge and in connection is shaped and pressed. In both
tilfelle fåes en umoden råost som derefter case, an unripe raw cheese is obtained which then
på hyller underkastes en modningsprosess on shelves is subjected to a maturation process
for det meste ved temperaturer på 10— mostly at temperatures of 10—
18° C. 18° C.
I løpet av modningsprosessen taper During the ripening process loses
osten ved fordampning en ytterligere del the cheese by evaporation a further part
(5—15 pst.) av den væske som ikke er bun-det ved hjelp av eggehvite. Denne fordampning finner fortrinnsvis sted fra (5-15 per cent) of the liquid which is not bound by egg white. This evaporation preferably takes place from
ostens øvre eller ytre kanter og fører sammen med uttørkningen til en herdning av the upper or outer edges of the cheese and leads, together with drying, to a hardening of
overflaten (skorpedannelse). Da det ved the surface (crusting). When it knows
hjelp av fordampningen på den ene side help of the evaporation on one side
og temperaturen og luftfuktigheten på and the temperature and humidity on
den annen side skaffes ideelle vekstforhold on the other hand, ideal growing conditions are obtained
for mugg, er det nødvendig med en stadig for mold, a constant is needed
pleie under modningstiden, dvs. alt efter care during the ripening period, i.e. as needed
ostens type fra 1—12 måneder for å fjerne the type of cheese from 1-12 months to remove
denne muggvekst og å hindre nyinfeksjon. this mold growth and to prevent new infection.
Hertil benyttes mest saltvannsoppløs-ninger, hvormed man vasker av ostene, For this, mostly salt water solutions are used, with which you wash off the cheeses,
hvilket igjen fører til en ennu mere ytter-liggående herdning av skorpen. Ved salgs-tidspunktet beskyttes ostene entenvedpara-finefing eller ved staniolfolier, for på salgs-veien ikke igjen å bli infisert med mugg. which in turn leads to an even more extensive hardening of the crust. At the time of sale, the cheeses are protected either by parafining or by tinfoil foil, so that they do not become infected with mold again on the way to sale.
Hos ostforbrukéren resp. ved ostsmelte- At the cheese consumer or by melting cheese
verket må den dannede skorpe fjernes sammen med parafinen, da disse er fullstendig uegnet til å spises. Skorpeavfallet beløper seg gjennomsnittlig til 6—8 pst., hvilket igjen med hensyn til den samlede nuværende osteproduksjon i Tyskland årlig utgjør en mengde på ca. 5.000 tonn ost. the work, the formed crust must be removed together with the paraffin, as these are completely unsuitable for eating. The rind waste amounts to an average of 6-8 per cent, which again with regard to the overall current cheese production in Germany annually amounts to a quantity of approx. 5,000 tonnes of cheese.
De mange kjente fremgangsmåter til ostfremstilling beskjeftiger seg alle med det problem enten å unngå en skorpedannelse på osten eller å bevirke den klebefri modning uten muggdannelse. Tysk patent nr. 1.014.420 beskriver eksempelvis en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av lagringsdyk-tig ost under klebefri modning i lufttett innpakning ifølge hvilken råosten behandles inntil 10 dager ved modningstempera-turer på 15—22° C, og osten som er modnet på denne måte, pasteuriseres i til-slutning på en omstendelig måte ved temperaturer inntil 85° C, tørkes, parafineres og overtrekkes derefter dessuten med cellofan. Ifølge denne fremgangsmåten foregår en eftermodning i lufttett innpakning først efter en 10-dagers modning, idet de kjente ulemper som uønsket luktdannelse, flere gangers bearbeidelse av osten, og dertil dessuten innføring av fremmedstoffer (parafin, farvet parafin) ikke unngåes. Utover dette er en innpakning av to for-skjellige materialer (cellofan, parafin) meget anvendt. The many known methods for cheese production all deal with the problem of either avoiding the formation of a crust on the cheese or causing it to ripen without sticking without mold formation. German patent no. 1,014,420 describes, for example, a method for the production of storable cheese during non-stick ripening in airtight packaging according to which the raw cheese is treated for up to 10 days at ripening temperatures of 15-22° C, and the cheese that has ripened in this way , is finally pasteurized in an elaborate manner at temperatures up to 85° C, dried, paraffined and then also covered with cellophane. According to this method, post-ripening takes place in airtight packaging only after a 10-day ripening, as the well-known disadvantages such as unwanted odor formation, multiple processing of the cheese, and in addition the introduction of foreign substances (paraffin, colored paraffin) are not avoided. In addition to this, wrapping of two different materials (cellophane, paraffin) is widely used.
Ifølge en annen kjent fremgangsmåte ifølge det tyske patent nr. 1.024.328 an-bringes det riktignok istedenfor den ovennevnte formodning med en gang et para-finovertrekk på råosten, imidlertid må også her råosten underkastes en behand-ling som består i at osten behandles i al-kaliske oppløsninger med tilsetninger av svovelsur kalk, gips eller lesket kalk og derefter behandles med farvet parafin. Innbringelsen av fremmedstoffer og spesielt av farvestoffer unngåes ikke og er ytterst ufordelaktig. ; According to another known method according to the German patent no. 1,024,328, it is true that instead of the above-mentioned presumption, a paraffin coating is immediately applied to the raw cheese, however here too the raw cheese must be subjected to a treatment which consists in the cheese being treated in alkaline solutions with additions of sulfuric acid lime, gypsum or slaked lime and then treated with colored paraffin. The introduction of foreign substances and especially of dyes cannot be avoided and is extremely disadvantageous. ;
Det er videre kjent å fremstille en naturost med spisbar skorpe. Herved frembringes et smelteostovertrekk på hele osten. Ved denne fremgangsmåte påbrin-ges smeltesalter — eksempelvis fosfater — ved hjelp av neddypning eller gnidning, hvorav det frembringes en spiselig skorpe ved hjelp av en tilsluttende dampbehand-ling. Osten pakkes derefter i folier. Også denne fremgangsmåte er omstendelig. Eksempelvis må det glatte ostestykke inn-trykkes fra smeltebadet ved hjelp av kom-pliserte innfyllingsinnretninger i en eske som møysommelig må evakueres. Even-tuelle luftblærer må fjernes ved hjelp av massering, og dessuten er det likeledes nødvendig med en pasteurisering på 10— 15 min. ved 80—85° C. Bortsett fra at det her likeledes må anvendes fremmedstoffer, nemlig fosfater, har det vist seg at det ved sammensmeltningen av overflatene dessuten ikke oppnås noen beskyttelse mot muggdannelse. It is also known to produce a natural cheese with an edible rind. This creates a melted cheese coating on the entire cheese. In this method, molten salts - for example phosphates - are applied by means of immersion or rubbing, from which an edible crust is produced by means of a subsequent steam treatment. The cheese is then wrapped in foil. This procedure is also cumbersome. For example, the smooth piece of cheese has to be pushed in from the melting bath with the help of complicated filling devices into a box which has to be laboriously evacuated. Any air bubbles must be removed by means of massaging, and a pasteurization of 10-15 minutes is also necessary. at 80-85° C. Apart from the fact that foreign substances must also be used here, namely phosphates, it has been shown that no protection against mold formation is also achieved by the fusion of the surfaces.
Overfor disse modningsprosesser i luft-tette pakninger av parafin eller overfor smelteostovertrekket på naturost er det dessuten blitt kjent innpakningsfrem-gangsmåter under anvendelse av folier, men ved hvilke det alltid fordres at den modnende eller eftermodnende ost kan avgi kulldioksyd og vanndamp som utvikler seg gjennom foliene. Ifølge den hittil rådende oppfatning måtte altså enten et såkalt pustende folie (supronylfolie) anvendes, eller ostens innpakning måtte foregå således at vanndamp og kulldioksyd kunne unnvike fra innpakningsmaterialet. Det er også blitt foreslått å pakke således innpakket ost sammen med gass eller væsker, idet disse tilsetninger helt eller delvis skulle forhindre veksten av mikroorganismer på ostens overflate. Også ved disse nevnte fremgangsmåter tilføres enten fremmedstoffer eller det må tas med en ytterligere muggdannelse på kjøpet hvis man ikke vil pasteurisere ennu en gang eller vil over-trekke med en lufttett pakning. In addition to these ripening processes in air-tight packages of paraffin or the processed cheese coating on natural cheese, packaging methods have also become known using foils, but in which it is always required that the ripening or post-ripening cheese can emit carbon dioxide and water vapor that develop through the foils . According to the prevailing opinion, either a so-called breathable foil (supronyl foil) had to be used, or the cheese had to be wrapped in such a way that water vapor and carbon dioxide could escape from the wrapping material. It has also been proposed to pack cheese wrapped in this way together with gas or liquids, as these additions should fully or partially prevent the growth of microorganisms on the surface of the cheese. Also with these methods mentioned, either foreign substances are added or additional mold formation must be added to the purchase if one does not want to pasteurize once more or if one wants to cover with an airtight seal.
Ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen bortfaller de hittil kjente ulemper som skorpedannelse, senere muggdannelse, pasteurisering om igjen og spesielt anvendelse av kjemiske eller andre tilsetninger. With the method according to the invention, the hitherto known disadvantages such as crust formation, later mold formation, pasteurization again and especially the use of chemical or other additives are eliminated.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører altså en frem- The invention therefore relates to a
gangsmåte til fremstilling av skorpefri skjære- eller hårdost i lufttett pakning, hvor den på kjent måte fremstilte formpressede umodne råost umiddelbart etter formpresningen eller i saltbehandlingen pakkes i en eske av kunststoffolie, evakueres, forsegles og modnes i denne eske, og fremgangsmåten er karakterisert ved at det anvendes en eske som består av en gass- og vann-ugjennomtrengelig skrumpfolie som etter nedpakning av osten med eller uten ekstra evakuering dyppes ned i nesten kokende vann i kort tid for skrumpning av folien. procedure for the production of rind-free sliced or hard cheese in an airtight package, where the molded unripened raw cheese produced in a known manner immediately after the molding or during the salt treatment is packed in a box made of plastic foil, evacuated, sealed and matured in this box, and the method is characterized by a box is used which consists of a gas- and water-impermeable shrink film which, after wrapping the cheese with or without additional evacuation, is dipped into almost boiling water for a short time to shrink the film.
Hensiktsmessig kan esken lages av en flatfolie som sammenlegges rundt råosten til en eske. Appropriately, the box can be made from a flat foil that is folded around the raw cheese to form a box.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen foregår deretter modningen ved temperaturer på høyst 18° C. According to the invention, the ripening then takes place at temperatures of no more than 18°C.
Nedpakningen av næringsmidler i es-ker av skrumpfolier er i og for seg kjent og anvendes eksempelvis i stor grad til innpakning av fugl. Ved neddypning av esken med innhold i varmt vann, fjernes den overskytende luft ved hjelp av det hy-drostatiske trykk, hvorpå den da lufttett lukkede eske trekker seg sammen for å danne en glatt hud som legger seg mot innholdet. Er det varme vanns hydrostat-iske trykk ikke tilstrekkelig til å fjerne luften, eller skal det innpakkes under vakuum, så evakueres det dessuten ekstra før sammenlukningen. The packaging of foodstuffs in shrink-wrap boxes is known in and of itself and is used, for example, to a large extent for packaging poultry. When immersing the box with its contents in hot water, the excess air is removed by means of the hydrostatic pressure, whereupon the then airtight closed box contracts to form a smooth skin which lies against the contents. If the hot water's hydrostatic pressure is not sufficient to remove the air, or if it is to be packed under vacuum, it is additionally evacuated before closing.
Følgelig nedpakkes det ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen intet ferdig pro-dukt, som eksempelvis utmodnet ost, men det bringes råost til modning i den tett Consequently, with the method according to the invention, no finished product, such as unripened cheese, is unpacked, but raw cheese is brought to ripen in it tightly
rundtliggende eske av luftugjennomtrenge-lige folier og særlig skrumpfolier. surrounding box of air-impermeable films and especially shrink films.
Det er vesentlig at modningen går ut fra en råost, hvis pH-verdi er innstillet således at det under modningen ikke opptrer It is essential that the ripening starts from a raw cheese, whose pH value is set so that during ripening it does not occur
noen vesentlige avvikelser. En forskyv-ning av pH-verdien mot det surere om-råde motvirkes følgelig ved nedsettelse av myseinnholdet. Ved egnede lagertempera-turer kan nu eggehvitenedbygningen og some significant deviations. A shift in the pH value towards the more acidic range is consequently counteracted by reducing the whey content. At suitable storage temperatures, the egg white degradation and
den dermed forekommende C02 utvikling kontrolleres således at de dannede gasser (C02) ikke fører til oppblåsning av innpakningen eller en oppblåsning av osten, men bare til den for ostene typiske hull-dannelse. Modningen under vakuum for-bundet med den hudlignende påligging av the resulting C02 development is controlled so that the gases formed (C02) do not lead to inflation of the packaging or an inflation of the cheese, but only to the typical hole formation for cheeses. The ripening under vacuum connected with the skin-like application of
esken bevirker at ostens fuktighet forblir jevnt fordelt i hele osten, således at også kantsonen, betinget ved vakuumets sug, oppviser det samme fuktighetsinnhold som kjernen, og det kommer således ikke til the box causes the cheese's moisture to remain evenly distributed throughout the cheese, so that the edge zone, conditioned by the suction of the vacuum, has the same moisture content as the core, and thus there is no
uttørkning av kanten og dermed forbunden herdning (osteskorpe). drying out of the edge and thus associated hardening (cheese rind).
Den tette påligning av esken på den ene side og det tilstedeværende vakuum på den annen side sammen med spor av COg-gasser som kommer til overflaten hindrer utviklingen av muggkulturer på overflaten. The tight fit of the box on one side and the vacuum present on the other side together with traces of COg gases reaching the surface prevent the development of mold cultures on the surface.
På modningens avslutning kan osten lagres ut ved normale temperaturer. At the end of maturation, the cheese can be stored at normal temperatures.
Man får altså ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen en fullstendig skorpefri ost av jevn beskaffenhet av den samlede ostedeig og uten noen muggdannelse. Det arbeides altså uten materialtap og uten omkostninger for pleie av osten. Tørke-stativer og kontrollinnretninger for luftfuktigheten er ikke nødvendig. The method according to the invention thus gives a completely rind-free cheese of uniform quality from the combined cheese dough and without any mold formation. Work is thus carried out without loss of material and without costs for caring for the cheese. Drying racks and humidity control devices are not necessary.
Ost som ifølge oppfinnelsen er modnet i skrumpfolier er smaksmessig av meget god kvalitet og delvis sågar bedre enn nor-malt modnede oster som er behandlet med fremmedstoffer. Cheese which, according to the invention, has been matured in shrink wrap is of very good quality in terms of taste and in some cases even better than normally matured cheeses which have been treated with foreign substances.
Videre ble det ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnådd et visst glatt, fett utseende, særlig ved edamerost, hvilket tilfredsstillet avtagerne meget. Overfor de oster som hittil er overtrukket med pustende kunststoffolier viste ostene frem-stillet ifølge oppfinnelsen heller ikke den kvalme smak. Heller ikke slike ostesorters forholdsvis høye vanninnhold efter modningen er tilstede da det ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen gåes ut fra rå ost som ved mindre skjæring og lengere omrøring av den stivnede masse såvel som ved hjelp av sterkere pressing på forhånd er blitt mer avvannet. Furthermore, with the method according to the invention, a certain smooth, greasy appearance was achieved, especially with edam cheese, which satisfied the customers very much. Compared to the cheeses that have been coated with breathable plastic foils, the cheeses produced according to the invention also did not show the nauseating taste. The relatively high water content of such types of cheese after ripening is not present either, as the method according to the invention is based on raw cheese which has been more dewatered in advance by less cutting and longer stirring of the solidified mass as well as by means of stronger pressing.
Foliene eller eskene kan være farvet eller ha et overflatefarvestrøk. Dette ut-føres tilsvarende det vanlige i handelen for å karakterisere edamerost med rød og gaudaost med gul innpakning. Overfor de farvede smelteostinnpakninger eller farvet parafin har de farvede folier den fordel at de sunnhetsskadelige farver ikke kommer i berøring med osten selv. The foils or boxes can be colored or have a surface color coat. This is carried out similarly to what is usual in the trade to characterize Edam cheese with red and Gouda cheese with yellow packaging. Compared to the colored processed cheese wrappers or colored paraffin, the colored foils have the advantage that the unhealthy colors do not come into contact with the cheese itself.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen lar seg anvende for alle skjære- eller hårdostsorter som edamer, gauda, tilsiter, cheddar og smøreoster. The method according to the invention can be used for all sliced or hard cheese varieties such as edam, gouda, tilsiter, cheddar and spread cheese.
Det ble videre fastslått at det heller ikke inntrådte noen forandring av osten ved utlagring efter avslutning av modningen, altså efter ca. 6—8 uker, selv ved for-høyede temperaturer til 24° C, og som strakte seg over uker. Osten kan innpakkes i store porsjoner, men den kan også med en gang modnes i ca. 250 grams forbruker-porsjoner. Herved oppnåes en maksimal hygienisk arbeidsmåte, og osten utsettes i tidsrommet mellom begynnelsen av modningen og fordelingen til sluttforbrukerne ikke mere for noen videre innvirkning. It was further established that there was also no change in the cheese during storage after the end of maturation, i.e. after approx. 6-8 weeks, even at elevated temperatures to 24° C, and which extended over weeks. The cheese can be wrapped in large portions, but it can also be ripened at once for approx. 250 gram consumer portions. In this way, a maximum hygienic working method is achieved, and the cheese is no longer exposed to any further impact in the period between the beginning of ripening and distribution to the end consumers.
Som skrumpfolie har særlig de såkalte cryovacfolier vist seg egnet. Det kan imidlertid også anvendes andre skrumpfolier av uvulkanisert eller ikke helt vulkanisert kunstkautsjuk. The so-called cryovac foils in particular have proven suitable as shrink wrap. However, other shrink films of unvulcanized or not fully vulcanized synthetic rubber can also be used.
I det følgende skal fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen beskrives ved hjelp av noen eksempler. In the following, the method according to the invention will be described with the help of some examples.
Eksempel 1: Example 1:
Modning av edamerost. Ripening of Edam cheese.
En 2,0 kg tung edamer råost, som kom fra saltbad ble efter avtørkning av overflaten ved hjelp av fordampning overtrukket med en vanndamp- og gassugjennom-trengelig kunststoffeske. Det ble anvendt en eske av et polyvinylidenklorid som hadde en veggtykkelse på 0.30—0.40 (.i (type cryo-vac). Overtrekningen foregikk ved ganske enkelt å legge esken som hadde større om-krets over osten. Esken ble evakuert ved hjelp av vakuumpumpe og derefter lukket lufttett ved hjelp av metallklemmer. Til umiddelbart fast anlegg av folien på ost-overflaten ble pakningen efter lukningen for en tid på to sekunder neddyppet i vann på 96° C. Esken trakk seg herved sammen og la seg tett til overflaten. Det kunne ikke finnes noen utvikling av bakterier eller bedervelsesfrembringere på osteoverflaten eller i foliene. Osten, som var innpakket således ble da med en gang pakket ned i transportkartonger eller kasser og modnet ved en temperatur på 12—16° C i 4—6 uker, idet det ikke var nødvendig å anvende særlige kjellerrom som var kontrollert med hensyn til luftfuktighet. A 2.0 kg heavy edam raw cheese, which came from a salt bath, was coated with a water vapor and gas impermeable plastic bag after drying the surface by means of evaporation. A box made of polyvinylidene chloride was used, which had a wall thickness of 0.30-0.40 µm (cryo-vac type). The coating took place by simply placing the box, which had a larger circumference, over the cheese. The box was evacuated using a vacuum pump and then closed airtight by means of metal clamps. To immediately fix the foil on the surface of the cheese, the package after closing was immersed for a period of two seconds in water at 96° C. The box thereby contracted and lay tightly to the surface. no development of bacteria or spoilage agents could be found on the cheese surface or in the foils. The cheese, which had been wrapped in this way, was then immediately packed into transport cartons or boxes and matured at a temperature of 12-16° C for 4-6 weeks, it was not necessary to use special basement rooms that were controlled with regard to humidity.
Eksempel 2: Example 2:
Modning av cheddarost. Aging of cheddar cheese.
En cheddar råost på 1 kg vekt, og som var saltet i den stivnede masse, ble umiddelbart efterat osten kom ut fra pressfor-men uten ekstra avtørkning overtrukket med en eske av ovennevnte material og efter evakuering forseglet ved hjelp av sveiseelektroder. Derefter ble den, som beskrevet i eksempel 1, bragt til skrumpning. A raw cheddar cheese of 1 kg weight, and which had been salted in the solidified mass, was immediately after the cheese came out of the press mold, but without additional drying, covered with a box of the above-mentioned material and, after evacuation, sealed with the help of welding electrodes. Then, as described in example 1, it was brought to shrink.
Efter innpakningen ble cheddaren lag-ret ved temperaturer på ca. 8° C, alt efter ønsket sluttkvalitet i 2—12 måneder. Lag-ringen fant sted på reoler uten kontroll av luftfuktigheten og i normale kjellerrom After wrapping, the cheddar was stored at temperatures of approx. 8° C, depending on the desired final quality for 2-12 months. The storage took place on racks without humidity control and in normal basement rooms
uten spesielle innretninger. En snuing av without special devices. A reversal of
cheddaren var ikke nødvendig. the cheddar was not necessary.
En vesentlig forskjell overfor den hittil A significant difference compared to the previous one
brukte fremgangsmåte er her at den stivnede ostemasse ikke fylles i en form som The method used here is that the hardened curd is not filled in a form that
er kledd med et linklede, hvilket ellers ble is dressed with a linen cloth, which was otherwise
benyttet for å gi en bedre parafinpåbrin-gelse. used to provide a better paraffin application.
Eksempel 3: Example 3:
Modning av minsteporsjoner. Maturation of minimum portions.
Minsteporsjoner med en vekt på ca. 250 Minimum portions with a weight of approx. 250
g ble avdelt fra en større blokk råost en g was separated from a larger block of raw cheese
gang før saltingen og en gang efter saltingen. De små råoststykker ble lagt på en once before salting and once after salting. The small raw cheese pieces were put on one
flatfolie (veggtykkelse 19 yi), hvilken ble flat foil (wall thickness 19 yi), which became
sammenbrettet til en eske og ble forarbei-det ved hjelp av opphetede metallfolier eller varmt vann til en tett skrumpeske. Derefter ble dé nedpakkede stykker forpakket folded into a box and processed with the help of heated metal foils or hot water into a tightly shriveled box. The unpacked pieces were then repackaged
for transport og modnet som beskrevet for transport and matured as described
ovenfor. above.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US73752168A | 1968-06-17 | 1968-06-17 |
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FR (1) | FR2011056A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1273991A (en) |
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1968
- 1968-06-17 US US737521A patent/US3664261A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1969
- 1969-05-29 GB GB27192/69A patent/GB1273991A/en not_active Expired
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- 1969-06-12 JP JP44046439A patent/JPS4836326B1/ja active Pending
- 1969-06-13 FR FR6919808A patent/FR2011056A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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- 1969-06-14 DE DE19691966679 patent/DE1966679A1/en active Pending
- 1969-06-14 DE DE1930317A patent/DE1930317C3/en not_active Expired
- 1969-06-14 DE DE19691966677 patent/DE1966677A1/en active Pending
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BE734582A (en) | 1969-12-15 |
US3664261A (en) | 1972-05-23 |
JPS4836326B1 (en) | 1973-11-02 |
DE1930317C3 (en) | 1979-08-30 |
GB1273991A (en) | 1972-05-10 |
FR2011056A1 (en) | 1970-02-27 |
DE1930317B2 (en) | 1978-12-21 |
DE1966679A1 (en) | 1973-11-22 |
NO132029C (en) | 1975-09-10 |
DE1930317A1 (en) | 1970-01-22 |
DE1966677A1 (en) | 1973-11-22 |
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