NO123967B - - Google Patents
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- NO123967B NO123967B NO165035A NO16503566A NO123967B NO 123967 B NO123967 B NO 123967B NO 165035 A NO165035 A NO 165035A NO 16503566 A NO16503566 A NO 16503566A NO 123967 B NO123967 B NO 123967B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- phenyl
- pyrazolidone
- concentrate
- developer
- solution
- Prior art date
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- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014666 liquid concentrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 borate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBYRMPXUBGMOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one Chemical compound OC=1C=CNN=1 XBYRMPXUBGMOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKMDCEXRIPLNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-pyrazol-5-one Chemical compound N1=C(O)C=CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 MKMDCEXRIPLNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004285 Potassium sulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012470 diluted sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019828 potassium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JVUYWILPYBCNNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [K+].[O-]B=O JVUYWILPYBCNNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003385 ring cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Inorganic materials [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphite Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/264—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof
- G03C5/266—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof of solutions or concentrates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Fotografisk tokomponent-fremkaller. Photographic two-component developer.
Nærværende oppfinnelse vedror er fotografiske fremkallerpakker. Det.er kjent at fotografiske fremkalleropplosninger som inneholder det fremkallende middel 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i vandige opplosninger ved en pH på 9,5 eller hoyere (d.v.s. ved en pH-verdi ved hvilken de brukes) ved temperaturer over 20°C hurtig svekkes, som også vandige konsentrater av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon som er bestemt for innarbeidelse i slike fremkalleropplosninger. Denne svekking, særlig av vandige l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige konsentrater resulterer i vesentlige lagringsproblemer under handelsbetingelser, ved hvilke det ofte er onskelig å være i stand til å lagre materiale for-tidsperioder opp til flere år ved temperaturer som kan være så hoye som 50 til 55°C. Dette The present invention relates to photographic developer packages. It is known that photographic developing solutions containing the developing agent 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in aqueous solutions at a pH of 9.5 or higher (i.e. at a pH value at which they are used) at temperatures above 20°C rapidly weakens, as also aqueous concentrates of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone which are intended for incorporation into such developer solutions. This deterioration, particularly of aqueous l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing concentrates results in significant storage problems under commercial conditions, in which it is often desirable to be able to store material for periods of up to several years at temperatures which can be as high as 50 to 55°C. This
problem er særlig akutt i tropiske land.problem is particularly acute in tropical countries.
En fremgangsmåte for å eliminere dette problem er blitt angittA method to eliminate this problem has been indicated
i britisk patent nr. 948.294, hvor det anfores at l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon kan lagres i opplost form i vilkårlig tid og ved temperaturer opp til 95°C i opplosning i utvalgte ikke-vandige eller i det vesentlige ikke-vandige organiske opplosningsmidler,. og opplosningen er fritt blandbar med vann ved 20-30°C, og opploseligheten for 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet i det organiske opplosningsmiddel er en mengde som i det minste svarer til 5 g l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon pr. 100 ml opplosningsmiddel. Slike opplosninger kan brukes som lagringsstabile konsentrater som kan tilsettes et vandig bad som inneholder de ovrige komponenter som normalt er tilstede i en 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige fotografisk fremkallerblanding, hvis nddvendig med ytterligere fortynning med vann for å gi en fremkalleropplosning ferdig for bruk. De forannevnte ovrige komponenter er vanligvis et flerverdig fenol som sekundær.fremkaller, et alkalimetallhydroksyd eller karbonat, et uorganisk sulfitt eller metabisulfitt, et klaringsmiddel og eventuelt et sekvesterende middel for å fore-bygge utfelling av metallioner i arbeidsopplosningen og et puffermiddel. Eventuelt kan en eller flere av disse ovrige komponenter oppldses i det 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige konsentrat . in British patent no. 948,294, where it is stated that l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone can be stored in dissolved form for any length of time and at temperatures up to 95°C in solution in selected non-aqueous or substantially non-aqueous organic solvents ,. and the solution is freely miscible with water at 20-30°C, and the solubility of the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in the organic solvent is an amount which at least corresponds to 5 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone per 100 ml solvent. Such solutions can be used as storage-stable concentrates which can be added to an aqueous bath containing the other components normally present in a 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing photographic developer mixture, if necessary with further dilution with water to give a ready-to-use developer solution. The aforementioned other components are usually a polyhydric phenol as a secondary developer, an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, an inorganic sulphite or metabisulphite, a clarifying agent and possibly a sequestering agent to prevent precipitation of metal ions in the working solution and a buffering agent. Optionally, one or more of these other components can be dissolved in the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing concentrate.
I praksis er visse ulemper forbundet med bruken av fotografiske fremkallerblandinger i form av to separate opplosninger av foran beskrevne type, d.v.s. en er et konsentrat av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i et ikke-vandig eller i det vesentlige ikke-vandig organisk opplosningsmiddel, og det annet er en vandig opplosning som inneholder de ovrige komponenter som normalt er tilstede i en 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdig fremkaileropplosning. In practice, certain disadvantages are associated with the use of photographic developer mixtures in the form of two separate solutions of the type described above, i.e. one is a concentrate of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in a non-aqueous or substantially non-aqueous organic solvent, and the other is an aqueous solution containing the other components normally present in a 1-phenyl-3 - pyrazolidone-containing developer solution.
Når anvendt som et konsentrat er det onskelig å holde volumet av den annen, vandige opplosning på et minimum, hvilken opplosning også normalt har en pH-verdi på 9,5 eller over. Tilsetningen av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdig opplosning til det annet vandige, sterkt alkaliske konsentrat resulterer i utfelling av fint fordelt fast 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon som det er vanskelig å gjenopplosé, og, hvis det får forbli i fast form i opplosningen, forhindrer tilfredsstillende fremkalling av fotografiske emulsjoner. For å fjerne dette problem er det nodvendig enten å fortynne det annet konsentrat med ytterligere mengder vann for det forste l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige konsentrat tilsettes eller tilsette ytterligere vann til de to opplosninger umiddelbart etter at de er blandet. De ytterligere mengder vann som tilsettes velges hensiktsmessig for å gi arbeidsstyrke for fremkallervæsken som under normale betingelser har en begrenset effektiv levetid og kan vise vesentlig svekking etter perioder så korte som tre dager. When used as a concentrate, it is desirable to keep the volume of the second aqueous solution to a minimum, which solution also normally has a pH value of 9.5 or above. The addition of the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing solution to the second aqueous, strongly alkaline concentrate results in the precipitation of finely divided solid 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone which is difficult to redissolve and, if allowed to remain in solid form in the solution , prevents satisfactory development of photographic emulsions. To remove this problem, it is necessary either to dilute the second concentrate with additional amounts of water before the first l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing concentrate is added or to add additional water to the two solutions immediately after they are mixed. The additional amounts of water added are appropriately chosen to provide working strength for the developer fluid which under normal conditions has a limited effective life and can show significant deterioration after periods as short as three days.
I praksis tilfores de to opplosninger i form av to pakker, og hyppig er mengden av fremkallervæske av arbeidsstyrke som er nodvendig mindre enn den som oppnås ved fortynning til arbeidsstyrke av det totale innhold av pakkene. Brukeren er således stilt overfor alternativene (a) å fortynne det totale innhold av pakkene enten umiddelbart for eller etter at de to konsentrater blandes og således fremstille en mengde utover hans. umiddelbare krav av fremkallervæske av arbeidsstyrke som hurtig vil svekkes, eller (b) ta en alikvot del av opplosning fra de to pakker, et arbeide som hyppig krever meget noyaktig avmå-ling av små volumer av opplosning. In practice, two solutions are supplied in the form of two packets, and often the amount of working strength developer liquid required is less than that obtained by diluting the total contents of the packets to working strength. The user is thus faced with the alternatives (a) to dilute the total contents of the packages either immediately before or after the two concentrates are mixed and thus produce a quantity beyond his. immediate requirements of developer fluid by workforce which will rapidly weaken, or (b) take an aliquot of solution from the two packets, a task which frequently requires very accurate measurement of small volumes of solution.
Som et resultat av forsknings- og utviklingsarbeide er midler blitt funnet, og det er dette som danner det vesentlige trekk ved nærværende oppfinnelse, ved hvilke vanskelighetene som er forbundet med l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige fotografiske fremkallerpakker, som består av et forste konsentrat bestående av en opplosning av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i et ikke-vandig eller i det vesentlige ikke-vandig organiske opplosningsmiddel og et annet konsentrat bestående av en vandig opplosning av de ovrige^komponenter som normalt er tilstede i en 1-fenyl-3-pyrazoli-donholdig fremkallerpakke som foran beskrevet, kan fjernes. As a result of research and development work, means have been found, and it is this which forms the essential feature of the present invention, whereby the difficulties associated with l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing photographic developer packages, which consist of a first concentrate consisting of of a solution of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in a non-aqueous or substantially non-aqueous organic solvent and another concentrate consisting of an aqueous solution of the other components normally present in a 1-phenyl-3 -pyrazolidone-containing developer package as described above, can be removed.
Ifolge nærværende oppfinnelse er der fremskaffet en fotografisk fremkaller i form av tp separate, flytende konsentrater, hvor det forste konsentrat består av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon og det annet konsentrat inneholder en opplosning av et flerverdig fenol som annen fremkaller, et alkalimetallhydroksyd eller karbonat, et uorganisk sulfitt eller metabisulfitt, et klaringsmiddel og vann og fortrinnsvis et sekvesterende middel, særlig N-hydroksyetyl-etylendiamin-N;N',N'-trieddiksyretrinatriumsalt eller etylendiamintetraeddiksyretetranatriumsalt, og fortrinnsvis også en puffer, særlig borax, et alkalimetallkarbonat eller bikarbonat, borsyre eller et alkalimetallmetaborat, eller et alkalimetallfosfat eller -polyfosfat, og fremkalleren karakte-riseres ved at det forste konsentrat består av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon opplost i en blanding av butyrolakton eller etyllaktat med maursyre eller melkesyre i et volumforhold mellom 1:1 og 4:1, hvilken blanding inneholder mindre enn 50 g vann pr. liter. Sammensetningen av de to konsentrater er slik at ved blanding av den annen opplosning med tilstrekkelig av den forste opplosning for å gi en egnet mengde av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon (f. eks. mellom 0,1 og 2,0 g pr. liter 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i frem-kalleropplosningen av arbeidsstyrke), har fremkalleropplosnin-gen av arbeidsstyrke som oppnås ved fortynning av blanding med ytterligere mengder vann en pH på 9,5 eller mer. According to the present invention, a photographic developer has been provided in the form of tp separate, liquid concentrates, where the first concentrate consists of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone and the second concentrate contains a solution of a polyvalent phenol as another developer, an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate , an inorganic sulfite or metabisulfite, a clarifying agent and water and preferably a sequestering agent, especially N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediamine-N;N',N'-triacetic acid trisodium salt or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt, and preferably also a buffer, especially borax, an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate, boric acid or an alkali metal metaborate, or an alkali metal phosphate or polyphosphate, and the developer is characterized in that the first concentrate consists of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone dissolved in a mixture of butyrolactone or ethyl lactate with formic acid or lactic acid in a volume ratio between 1:1 and 4:1, which mixture contains less than 50 g of water per litres. The composition of the two concentrates is such that by mixing the second solution with enough of the first solution to give a suitable amount of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone (e.g. between 0.1 and 2.0 g per liter of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in the working strength developer solution), the working strength developer solution obtained by diluting the mixture with additional amounts of water has a pH of 9.5 or more.
Det blandede opplosningsmiddel for det forste konsentrat må være lett og fullstendig blandbart med vann ved den temperatur ved hvilken to konsentrater blandes, som vanligvis vil være mellom 20 og 30°C. De to komponenter i opplosningsmidlet for det forste konsentrat må være i det vesentlige ikke-giftig, The mixed solvent for the first concentrate must be easily and completely miscible with water at the temperature at which two concentrates are mixed, which will usually be between 20 and 30°C. The two components of the solvent for the first concentrate must be substantially non-toxic,
fri for andre skadelige bestanddeler og egnet for bruk i fremkallerblandinger, d.v.s. de må ikke påvirke oppforelsen av eller forårsake utfelling av de andre.komponenter eller være skadelige for det fotografiske materiale som skal fremkalles. Det er funnet at disse betingelser kan oppnås hvis det ikke-sure organiske opplosningsmiddel er etyllaktat eller butyrolakton og den organiske syrek<p>mponent er maursyre eller melkesyre. free from other harmful constituents and suitable for use in developer mixtures, i.e. they must not affect the performance of or cause precipitation of the other components or be harmful to the photographic material to be developed. It has been found that these conditions can be achieved if the non-acidic organic solvent is ethyl lactate or butyrolactone and the organic acid component is formic or lactic acid.
Disse konsentrater er stabile ved langvarig lagring og uthol-der f.eks. 6 måneder ved 40°C uten vesentlig tap av aktivitet. De har den ytterligere fordel at krystallisasjon normalt ikke - opptrer ved avkjoling til 0°C. These concentrates are stable during long-term storage and withstand e.g. 6 months at 40°C without significant loss of activity. They have the further advantage that crystallization does not normally occur when cooled to 0°C.
Med de fotografiske fremkallerpakker etter nærværende oppfinnelse er det ikke nodvendig å fortynne fremkallerkonsentratet som oppnås ved å blande de to konsentrater ved tidspunktet når de to opplosninger blandes. Intet fint fordelt fast l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon felles ut når de to konsentrerte opplosninger blandes, og fremkallerkonsentratet som oppnås ved bruk av de to opplosninger etter nærværende oppfinnelse er så stabilt.som et tilsvarende 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdig fremkallerkonsentrat friskt fremstilt fra sine individuelle komponenter. Det er således mulig å blande konsentratene for å gi et standard fremkallerkonsentrat som har tilfredsstillende stabilitet over den tidsperiode som normalt er påkrevet, d.v.s. opp til to måneder ved opp til 30°C's temperaturer, og som kan fortynnes i porsjoner med vann for å gi fremkallervæsker av arbeidsstyrke som påkrevet, og derved fjerne vanskelighetene som er forbundet med de tidligere beskrevne fotografiske fremkallerpakker i form av to konsentrater. With the photographic developer packs of the present invention, it is not necessary to dilute the developer concentrate obtained by mixing the two concentrates at the time when the two solutions are mixed. No finely divided solid 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone precipitates when the two concentrated solutions are mixed, and the developer concentrate obtained using the two solutions according to the present invention is as stable as a corresponding 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing developer concentrate freshly prepared from its individual components. It is thus possible to mix the concentrates to give a standard developer concentrate which has satisfactory stability over the period of time normally required, i.e. up to two months at temperatures up to 30°C, and which can be diluted in portions with water to provide developer fluids of working strength as required, thereby removing the difficulties associated with the previously described photographic developer packages in the form of two concentrates.
En ytterligere fordel ved de fotografiske fremkallerpakker etter nærværende oppfinnelse er at nærværet i det forste 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdige konsentrat av en organisk syre utover en stabiliserende virkning på 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet med hensyn til hydrolyse som skyldes nærværet av vann, og derved muliggjor at det forste konsentrat ikke er fullstendig fritt for vann og kan inneholde opp til 50 g/liter vann uten alvorlig svekking iakttas ved lagring for tidsperioder på minst 6 måneder ved 4o°C og ved temperaturer opp til 50-55°C A further advantage of the photographic developer packages according to the present invention is that the presence in the first 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing concentrate of an organic acid, in addition to a stabilizing effect on the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone with regard to hydrolysis due to the presence of water, and thereby enables the first concentrate to not be completely free of water and can contain up to 50 g/litre of water without serious deterioration observed when stored for periods of time of at least 6 months at 4o°C and at temperatures up to 50-55°C
Konsentratene som anvendes etter nærværende oppfinnelse vil vanligvis ha så lite volum som er praktisk under hensyntagen til at komponentene, særlig l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet, ikke skal krystallisere ut ved forlenget henstand ved 0°C. Da det forste konsentrat, en opplosning av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i en 2:1 volum blanding av butyrolakton og melkesyre som inneholder 10 g 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon pr. 100 ml opplosning er særlig The concentrates used according to the present invention will usually have as little volume as is practical, taking into account that the components, in particular the l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone, should not crystallize out upon prolonged standing at 0°C. Then the first concentrate, a solution of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in a 2:1 volume mixture of butyrolactone and lactic acid containing 10 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone per 100 ml solution is special
egnet.suitable.
Opplosningen som anvendes i den annen konsentratpakke er en vanlig 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonholdig fremkaller, fra hvilken 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet er blitt utelatt. Slike fremkallere inneholder (foruten 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon) et flerverdig fenol som sekundær fremkaller, et alkalimetallhydroksyd eller karbonat, et uorganisk sulfitt eller metabisulfitt, et klaringsmiddel, vann og eventuelt et sekvesterende middel for å fore- . bygge utfelling av metallioner i arbeidsoppldsningene og et puffermiddel. Det flerverdige fenol er vanligvis hydroquinon, alkalimetallhydroksyd eller karbonat, f.eks. natrium- eller kaliumhydroksyd eller -karbonat, det uorganiske sulfitt eller metabisulfitt et alkalimetall, f.eks. natrium- eller kalium-sulfitt eller -metabisulfitt, og klaringsmidlet er et organisk klaringsmiddel, f.eks. benzotriazol, eller en kilde for bromid-ioner, f.eks. natrium- eller kaliumbromid. Det sekvesterende middel som kan være tilstede er et. sekvesterende middel for-jordalkali-, særlig kalsium-, ioner, f.eks. trinatriumsaltet av N-hydroksyetyletylendiamin-N,N',N<1->trieddiksyre eller tetra-natriumsaltet av etylendiamintetraeddiksyre. Pufferen som kan være tilstede er vanligvis en kilde for karbonationer, f.eks. natrium- eller kaliumkarbonat eller -bikarbonat, en kilde for borationer, f.eks. borax, et alkalimetall-, f.eks. natrium eller kaliummetaborat, eller borsyre, eller en kilde for fosfat-ioner, f.eks. et alkalimetall-, f.eks. natrium- eller kalium-fosfat eller -polyfosfat. En typisk sammensetning gis i eksem-pelet nedenfor. Det annet konsentrat skal inneholde tilstoekkeLig alkali for å sikre at pH for blandingen av de to konsentrater, etter fortynning til arbeidsstyrke med ytterligere mengder vann, er 9,5 eller over. Dette er viktig da virkningen av fremkalleren er utilfredsstillende under dette. The solution used in the second concentrate pack is an ordinary 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone-containing developer, from which the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone has been omitted. Such developers contain (in addition to 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone) a polyhydric phenol as secondary developer, an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, an inorganic sulphite or metabisulphite, a clarifying agent, water and possibly a sequestering agent to prevent build precipitation of metal ions in the working solutions and a buffering agent. The polyhydric phenol is usually hydroquinone, alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide or carbonate, the inorganic sulphite or metabisulphite an alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium sulphite or metabisulphite, and the clarifying agent is an organic clarifying agent, e.g. benzotriazole, or a source of bromide ions, e.g. sodium or potassium bromide. The sequestering agent that may be present is a sequestering agent for alkaline earth, especially calcium, ions, e.g. the trisodium salt of N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine-N,N',N<1->triacetic acid or the tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The buffer that may be present is usually a source of carbonate ions, e.g. sodium or potassium carbonate or bicarbonate, a source of borate ions, e.g. borax, an alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium metaborate, or boric acid, or a source of phosphate ions, e.g. an alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium phosphate or polyphosphate. A typical composition is given in the example below. The second concentrate must contain sufficient alkali to ensure that the pH of the mixture of the two concentrates, after dilution to working strength with further amounts of water, is 9.5 or above. This is important as the effect of the developer is unsatisfactory below this.
De folgende eksempler illustrerer oppfinnelsen:The following examples illustrate the invention:
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
En to-komponents fremkallerpakke ifolge nærværende oppfinnelse fremstilles som folger: A two-component developer package according to the present invention is produced as follows:
Forste konsentratFirst concentrate
5 gl-fenyl-3-pyrazolidpn tilsettes til 15 ml melkesyre og butyrolakton tilsettes "til et totalt volum på 50 ml.. 5 gl-phenyl-3-pyrazolidpn is added to 15 ml of lactic acid and butyrolactone is added "to a total volume of 50 ml..
Annet kons entratOther cons entry
En opplosning fremstilles fra:A solution is prepared from:
De to konsentrater kan blandessammen bg gi et fotografisk fremkallerkonsentrat, av hvilket alt eller deler kan fortynnes med vann i forholdet 1 volumdel fremkaller-konsentrat til 4 volumdeler vann for å gi en fremkallervæske av arbeidsstyrke med en pH-verdi på 10,6. The two concentrates can be mixed together to give a photographic developer concentrate, all or part of which can be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 volume developer concentrate to 4 volumes water to give a working strength developer liquid with a pH value of 10.6.
Eksempel 2.Example 2.
En to-komponent-fremkaller i overensstemmelse med nærværende oppfinnelse fremstilles som folger: A two-component developer in accordance with the present invention is produced as follows:
Forste konsentratFirst concentrate
5 g l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon tilsettes til 22,5 ml melkesyre og butyrolakton tilsettes til et totalt volum på 50 ml. 5 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone is added to 22.5 ml of lactic acid and butyrolactone is added to a total volume of 50 ml.
Annet konsentratOther concentrate
Det annet konsentrat beskrevet i eksempel 1 anvendes.The second concentrate described in example 1 is used.
De to komponenter kan blandes sammen og gi et fotografisk fremkallerkonsentrat, av hvilket deler eller det hele kan fortynnes med vann i forholdet 1 volumdel fremkallerkonsentrat til 4 volumdeler vann og gir en fremkalleropplosning av arbeidsstyrke med en pH verdi på IO,6. The two components can be mixed together to give a photographic developer concentrate, part or all of which can be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 volume developer concentrate to 4 volumes water and gives a working strength developer solution with a pH value of 10.6.
Eksempel 3.Example 3.
En tokomponent-frerrikaller ifolge nærværende oppfinnelse fremstilles som folger: A two-component ferricaller according to the present invention is produced as follows:
Forste konsentratFirst concentrate
5 g 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon. tilsettes til 9 ml melkesyre og butyrolakton . tilsettes-til et totalt volum -på- 50 ml; 5 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone. is added to 9 ml of lactic acid and butyrolactone. added-to a total volume -of- 50 ml;
Annet konsentratOther concentrate
Det annet konsentrat som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 anvendes.The second concentrate described in example 1 is used.
De to konsentrater kan blandes sammen og gir et fotografisk fremkallerkonsentrat av hvilket deler eller alt kan fortynnes med vann i forholdet 1 volumdel fremkallerkonsentrat til 4 volumdeler vann og gir en fremkalleropplosning av arbeidsstyrke med en pH verdi på 10,6. The two concentrates can be mixed together and give a photographic developer concentrate, parts or all of which can be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 volume developer concentrate to 4 volumes water and gives a working strength developer solution with a pH value of 10.6.
Eksempel 4Example 4
En.tokomponent-fremkaller ifolge nærværende oppfinnelse fremstilles som folger: A two-component developer according to the present invention is produced as follows:
Forste konsentratFirst concentrate
5 g 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon tilsettes til 22,5 ml maursyre og etyllaktat tilsettes til et totalt volum på 50 ml. 5 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone is added to 22.5 ml of formic acid and ethyl lactate is added to a total volume of 50 ml.
Annet konsentratOther concentrate
En opplosning fremstilles fra: A solution is prepared from:
De to konsentrater kan blandes sammen og gir et fotografisk fremkallerkonsentrat, av hvilket deler eller alt kan fortynnes med vann i et forhold på 1 volumdel fremkallerkonsentrat til 4 volumdeler vann og gir en fremkalleropplosning av arbeidsstyrke med en pH verdi på 10,6. The two concentrates can be mixed together and give a photographic developer concentrate, parts or all of which can be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 volume developer concentrate to 4 volumes water and gives a working strength developer solution with a pH value of 10.6.
Eksempel 5.Example 5.
En tokomponent-fremkaller i overensstemmelse med nærværende oppfinnelse fremstilles som folger: A two-component developer in accordance with the present invention is produced as follows:
Forste kon sentratFirst concentrate
5 g l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon tilsettes til 9 ml maursyre og etyllaktat tilsettes til et totalt volum på 50 ml. 5 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone is added to 9 ml of formic acid and ethyl lactate is added to a total volume of 50 ml.
Annet konsentratOther concentrate
Det annet konsentrat som beskrevet i eksempel 4 anvendes.The second concentrate as described in example 4 is used.
De to komponenter kan blandes sammen og gir et fotografisk fremkallerkonsentrat, av hvilket deler eller alt kan fortynnes med vann i et forhold på 1 del fremkallerkonsentrat til 4 volumdeler vann og gir en frenka11eropplosning av arbeidsstyrke med en pH verdi på 10,6. The two components can be mixed together and give a photographic developer concentrate, part or all of which can be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 part developer concentrate to 4 parts water by volume and gives a working strength solution with a pH value of 10.6.
De fblgende sammenlignende prover viser ulempen som folger med bruken av blandingene som er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 948.294, som er behandlet foran. The following comparative samples show the disadvantage associated with the use of the compositions described in British Patent No. 948,294, discussed above.
Eksempel 6.Example 6.
100 g/ltr opplosninger av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet i vannfri eddiksyre er blitt fremstilt som inneholder 100 g l-fenyl-3-' pyrazolidon pr. liter. (Tilsetningen av forbindelsen hadde ingen virkning på det hbye frysepunkt for opplosningsmidlet (16-17°C). Prover av disse opplosninger ble lagret i fullstendig forseglede glassbeholdere i 12 uker ved 40°C (d.v.s. forsterkede lagringsbetingelser) og beskyttet for lyspåvirkning. For forseglingen ble oppløsningene i beholderne spylt med oksygenfritt nitrogen. Aliquoter av provene ble tilsatt til fortynnet fremkallerkonsentrat og oppløsningene analysert kjemisk. Kalibrering av den analytiske metode som anvendes (Bonjour, G., Sciences Inds. Phtogr. 33, 199, 1962) for be-stemmelsene viste at noyaktighetsgrensene er 3%. Tapene av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon uttrykt som prosentandel av den opprin-nelige konsentrasjon ble funnet å være: Prove (a) 171 g/ltr; prove (b) 176 g/ltr; 100 g/l solutions of the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in anhydrous acetic acid have been prepared which contain 100 g of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone per litres. (The addition of the compound had no effect on the high freezing point of the solvent (16-17°C). Samples of these solutions were stored in fully sealed glass containers for 12 weeks at 40°C (i.e. enhanced storage conditions) and protected from light. For the sealing the solutions in the containers were flushed with oxygen-free nitrogen. Aliquots of the sample were added to diluted developer concentrate and the solutions analyzed chemically. Calibration of the analytical method used (Bonjour, G., Sciences Inds. Phtogr. 33, 199, 1962) for the determinations showed that the precision limits are 3% The losses of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone expressed as a percentage of the original concentration were found to be: Sample (a) 171 g/ltr; sample (b) 176 g/ltr;
prove (c) 175 g/ltr.sample (c) 175 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap 174 g/ltr.Average loss 174 g/ltr.
Det gjennomsnittlige tap etter tilsetning til fremkallersystemet var 182 g/ltr. I.R. spektroskopiske studier viste at avbyggingen ikke skyltes oksydasjon, men ringåpning av det sykliske hydroksyd ved sur hydrolyse. Mekanismen for ringspaltningsreaksjonen i en vannfri svak syre er ikke fult ut forstått. The average loss after addition to the developer system was 182 g/ltr. I.R. spectroscopic studies showed that the decomposition was not due to oxidation, but to ring opening of the cyclic hydroxide by acid hydrolysis. The mechanism of the ring cleavage reaction in an anhydrous weak acid is not fully understood.
Eksempel 7.Example 7.
Opplosninger av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon ble fremstilt i vann-fritt dimetylformamid (vanninnhold 0,6 g/ltr ved en konsentrasjon på 100 g/ltr) som beskrevet i eksempel 5 i det britiske patent nr. 948.294. Som beskrevet foran ble provene analysert kjemisk etter lagring under betingelsene som beskrevet foran og aliqubter av provene ble tilsatt til fortynnet fremkaller-konsentrat og oppløsningene analysert. Tapene av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon uttrykt som foran var: Prove (a) 405 g/ltr; prove (b) 398 g/ltr; Solutions of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone were prepared in anhydrous dimethylformamide (water content 0.6 g/ltr at a concentration of 100 g/ltr) as described in Example 5 of British Patent No. 948,294. As described above, the sample was analyzed chemically after storage under the conditions described above and aliquots of the sample were added to diluted developer concentrate and the solutions analyzed. The losses of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone expressed as above were: Sample (a) 405 g/ltr; sample (b) 398 g/ltr;
prove (c) 403 g/ltr.sample (c) 403 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap 402 g/ltr.Average loss 402 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap etter tilsetning til fremkallersystemet 400 g/ltr. I.R. spektroskopiske studier av avbyggingsproduktene i dette tilfellet identifiserte det tapte materiale som l-fenyl-3-hydroksypyrazol, den oksyderte form av 3-pyrazolidon. De alvorlige tap er utvilsomt forbundet med den kjente reaktive natur for dimetylformamid. Average loss after addition to the developer system 400 g/ltr. I.R. spectroscopic studies of the degradation products in this case identified the lost material as l-phenyl-3-hydroxypyrazole, the oxidized form of 3-pyrazolidone. The serious losses are undoubtedly connected with the known reactive nature of dimethylformamide.
Eksempel 8.Example 8.
Blandinger av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidinon ble fremstilt i tbrrede prover av 2-klor-l-etanol (< 0,3 g/liter) ved 100 g/ltr som beskrevet i eksempel 6 i britisk patent nr. 948.294. Som beskrevet foran ble provene analysert kjemisk etter lagring under betingelser som er beskrevet foran, og aliquoter av provene ble tilsatt til fortynnede fremkallerkonsentrater og oppløsningene analysert. Tapene av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidinon, uttrykt som foran, var: Prove (a) 343 g/ltr; prove (b) 341 g/ltr; Mixtures of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone were prepared in diluted samples of 2-chloro-1-ethanol (< 0.3 g/litre) at 100 g/litre as described in Example 6 of British Patent No. 948,294. As described above, the sample was chemically analyzed after storage under conditions described above, and aliquots of the sample were added to diluted developer concentrates and the solutions analyzed. The losses of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone, expressed as above, were: Sample (a) 343 g/ltr; sample (b) 341 g/ltr;
prove (c) 342 g/ltr.sample (c) 342 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap 341 g/ltr.Average loss 341 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap etter tilsetning til fremkallersystemet var 342,5 g/ltr. The average loss after addition to the developer system was 342.5 g/ltr.
Det siste tali viser at degenereringsproduktene som fremkommer ved lagring i opplosningsmiddelsystemet er ikke-regenererbare i et alkalisk hydroquinon-medium. I.R. spektroskopiske studier på avbyggingsproduktene som fremkommer ved lagring identifiserte størsteparten av materialtapet som 1-fenyl-3-hydroksypyrazol, med små tegn på ringåpning av det cykliske hydrazin på grunn av hydrolyse. The latter tali shows that the degeneration products which appear on storage in the solvent system are non-regenerable in an alkaline hydroquinone medium. I.R. spectroscopic studies of the degradation products arising on storage identified the majority of the material loss as 1-phenyl-3-hydroxypyrazole, with little evidence of ring opening of the cyclic hydrazine due to hydrolysis.
På grunn av de betraktelig tap som ble funnet ble opplosningsmidlet som ble brukt ytterligere undersøkt, men det ble funnet å gi et skarpt kokepunkt 127 til 128,8°C/760 mm) og en enkelt skarp topp på gasskromatografi. Oksydasjonen av 3-pyrazolidon viser derfor at opplosningsmidlet er et reaktivt system. Because of the considerable losses found, the solvent used was further investigated but was found to give a sharp boiling point (127 to 128.8°C/760 mm) and a single sharp peak on gas chromatography. The oxidation of 3-pyrazolidone therefore shows that the solvent is a reactive system.
Det kan tilføyes at etylenklorhydrin er ytterst giftig og absorberes lett av huden bg virker som en kraftig metabolisk gift med en spesielt alvorlig virkning på sentralnervesystemet. It can be added that ethylene chlorohydrin is extremely toxic and is easily absorbed by the skin bg acts as a powerful metabolic poison with a particularly serious effect on the central nervous system.
Eksempel 9.Example 9.
Opplosninger av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidinon ble fremstilt i torre-de prover av etylenglykolmonoetyleter (vanninnhold 3,5 g/ltr) som i eksempel 1 i britisk patent nr. 948.294 ved 50 g/ltr i dette tilfelle på grunn av den lave opploselighet av 3-pyra-zolidonet i dette opplbsningsmiddel. Ved å folge samme lagringsbetingelser og analytiske behandlinger vair tapene av l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon uttrykt som tidligere: Prove (a) 125 g/ltr; prove (b) 127 g/ltr; Solutions of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone were prepared in dried samples of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (water content 3.5 g/ltr) as in example 1 in British patent no. 948,294 at 50 g/ltr in this case due to the low solubility of the 3-pyrazolidone in this solvent. By following the same storage conditions and analytical treatments, the losses of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone were expressed as before: Sample (a) 125 g/ltr; sample (b) 127 g/ltr;
prove (c) 126 g/ltr.sample (c) 126 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap 126 g/ltr.Average loss 126 g/ltr.
Gjennomsnittlig tap etter tilsetning til fremkallersystemet var 129 g/ltr. The average loss after addition to the developer system was 129 g/ltr.
I.R. spektroskopiske studier viste at avbyggingsproduktene var hovedsakelig 3-hydroksypyrazol. Undersøkelse av opplosningsmidlet ga et skarpt kokepunkt (134,5 til 135,1/760 mm) og I.R. spectroscopic studies showed that the degradation products were mainly 3-hydroxypyrazole. Examination of the solvent gave a sharp boiling point (134.5 to 135.1/760 mm) and
gasskromatografi viste ingen tegn på forurensninger.gas chromatography showed no evidence of contaminants.
Eksempel 10.Example 10.
Når en 10% opplosning av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i melkesyre og butyrolakton har et vanninnhold på 43 g/ltr, fremstilt som beskrevet i eksemplet ved nærværende oppfinnelse ble lagret under betingelsene beskrevet foran, ble et tap på 7,1% l-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon oppnådd. Når i det vesentlige vannfrie opplosningsmidler anvendes, er tapene av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon ved lagring så lave at de faller innenfor noyaktighetsgrensene for den analytiske metode som brukes. When a 10% solution of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in lactic acid and butyrolactone having a water content of 43 g/ltr, prepared as described in the example of the present invention was stored under the conditions described above, a loss of 7.1% l -phenyl-3-pyrazolidone obtained. When substantially anhydrous solvents are used, the losses of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone on storage are so low that they fall within the accuracy limits of the analytical method used.
For utstrakt lagring under moderate temperaturbetingelser eller ved korttidig lagring ved tropiske temperaturer, må stabilite-ten for 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidonet i opplosningsmiddelsystemet som anvendes være slik at den ikke omfatter tap storre enn 8 vekts% når den undersokes under de forsterkede lagringsbetingelser som er beskrevet-foran... Konsentratene ifolge oppfinnelsen som inneholder opp til 50 g/ltr. vann og viser et 7,1 % tap av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon tilfredsstiller dette krav, men konsentratene ifolge britisk patent nr. 948.294 og oppløsnin-gen av 1-fenyl-3-pyrazolidon i vanntri eddiksyre, selv når opp-losningsmidlene er analytisk rene, er ikke tilstrekkelig stabile til å komme i betraktning for kommersiell anvendelse uten alvorlige begrensninger i levetiden for fremkallersystemet eller ved alvorlig avbygging ved fotografisk virkning. Hvis opplosningsmidler av handelskvalitet som inneholder 4 % anvendes er tapene ennå mer markert, f.eks. et gjennomsnittlig tap av 52 % med 2-kloro-l-etanol og et gjennomsnittlig tap av 35 % med etylenglykolmonoetyleter. Fra disse forsok er det klart at det ikke er bruken av syre alene som resulterer i forbedrin-gen og i realiteten viser forsokene basert på eksemplene 1 og 6 i britisk patent nr. 948.294 at helt utilfredsstillende re-sultater oppnås ved å folge fremgangsmåten som der angis selv om blandingene er relativt sure. For extended storage under moderate temperature conditions or for short-term storage at tropical temperatures, the stability of the 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in the solvent system used must be such that it does not include losses greater than 8% by weight when examined under the enhanced storage conditions which is described-above... The concentrates according to the invention which contain up to 50 g/ltr. water and shows a 7.1% loss of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone satisfies this requirement, but the concentrates according to British patent no. 948,294 and the solution of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in water triacetic acid, even when the solvents are analytically pure, are not sufficiently stable to be considered for commercial use without severe limitations in the lifetime of the developer system or in severe degradation by photographic action. If solvents of commercial quality containing 4% are used, the losses are even more marked, e.g. an average loss of 52% with 2-chloro-1-ethanol and an average loss of 35% with ethylene glycol monoethyl ether. From these experiments it is clear that it is not the use of acid alone that results in the improvement and in reality the experiments based on examples 1 and 6 in British patent no. 948,294 show that completely unsatisfactory results are obtained by following the method as there is indicated even if the mixtures are relatively acidic.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB42653/65A GB1154365A (en) | 1965-10-07 | 1965-10-07 | Photographic Silver Halide Developer Packs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO123967B true NO123967B (en) | 1972-02-07 |
Family
ID=10425380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO165035A NO123967B (en) | 1965-10-07 | 1966-10-06 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3532498A (en) |
CH (1) | CH471408A (en) |
DK (1) | DK118751B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1495910A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1154365A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6614069A (en) |
NO (1) | NO123967B (en) |
SE (1) | SE333867B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1229224B (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1991-07-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | CONCENTRATED COMPOSITION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT AND METHOD TO PREPARE IT. |
US6020113A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 2000-02-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for producing photographic suspended processing agent composition |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3038801A (en) * | 1960-02-18 | 1962-06-12 | Philip A Hunt Company | Photographic pyrazolidone developers in non-aqueous organic solvents |
BE602625A (en) * | 1960-04-14 | |||
US3369898A (en) * | 1963-09-05 | 1968-02-20 | Morton Int Inc | Stabilized 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone photographic developer system |
-
1965
- 1965-10-07 GB GB42653/65A patent/GB1154365A/en not_active Expired
-
1966
- 1966-09-29 US US583099A patent/US3532498A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-09-30 SE SE13183/66A patent/SE333867B/xx unknown
- 1966-10-05 FR FR78885A patent/FR1495910A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-10-06 NL NL6614069A patent/NL6614069A/xx unknown
- 1966-10-06 DK DK519666AA patent/DK118751B/en unknown
- 1966-10-06 CH CH1445666A patent/CH471408A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-10-06 NO NO165035A patent/NO123967B/no unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US3532498A (en) | 1970-10-06 |
CH471408A (en) | 1969-04-15 |
GB1154365A (en) | 1969-06-04 |
SE333867B (en) | 1971-03-29 |
DK118751B (en) | 1970-09-28 |
FR1495910A (en) | 1967-09-22 |
NL6614069A (en) | 1967-04-10 |
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