NO117963B - - Google Patents
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- NO117963B NO117963B NO168252A NO16825267A NO117963B NO 117963 B NO117963 B NO 117963B NO 168252 A NO168252 A NO 168252A NO 16825267 A NO16825267 A NO 16825267A NO 117963 B NO117963 B NO 117963B
- Authority
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- weight
- calcium
- magnesium
- product
- Prior art date
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrochloric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960004903 invert sugar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citric acid monohydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HDRTWMBOUSPQON-ODZAUARKSA-L calcium;(z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O HDRTWMBOUSPQON-ODZAUARKSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002303 citric acid monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Description
Rekonstituert tobakkprodukt. Reconstituted tobacco product.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et rekonstituert tobakkprodukt. Nærmere bestemt vedrører oppfinnelsen et fore-trukket rekonstituert tobakkprodukt under anvendelse av materialer som tidligere hadde liten handelsmessig verdi. The present invention relates to a reconstituted tobacco product. More specifically, the invention relates to a preferred reconstituted tobacco product using materials that previously had little commercial value.
Det har lenge vært kjent at lyse tobakkblader, selv uten tilsetting av noen smakstilsetning gir en god røk når de benyttes i tobakkprodukter. De har en naturlig søtlig smak som er ønskelig i røketobakk. De er blitt vanlig akseptert som en god tobakks-type og derfor er de etterspurt både til bruk alene og i tobakks-blandinger. It has long been known that light tobacco leaves, even without the addition of any flavoring, give a good smoke when used in tobacco products. They have a naturally sweet taste which is desirable in smoking tobacco. They have become commonly accepted as a good type of tobacco and are therefore in demand both for use alone and in tobacco mixtures.
Mer lys tobakk enn noen annen fremstilles av tobakksdyr-kere i USA og mange andre deler av verden. Lyse tobakkstengler og andre deler av lys tobakk, så som avfall og støv av lys tobakk har derfor dannet en hoveddel av de tobakkprodukter som ikke har kunnet bli fullstendig utnyttet av tobakktilvirkere. Selv om det kjennes fremgangsmåter for fremstilling av rekonstituert tobakk av slike lyse tobakkstengler, har ingen slik fremgangsmåte vist seg fullstendig tilfredsstillende, og det er ikke kjent noen måte å omdanne lyse tobakkstengler, tobakkavfall og liknende til et produkt som har de samme fordelaktige egenskaper som lyse tobakkblader. More light tobacco than any other is produced by tobacco growers in the United States and many other parts of the world. Light tobacco stalks and other parts of light tobacco, such as waste and dust from light tobacco have therefore formed a major part of the tobacco products that have not been able to be fully utilized by tobacco manufacturers. Although methods are known for the production of reconstituted tobacco from such light tobacco stalks, no such method has been found to be completely satisfactory, and no way is known to convert light tobacco stalks, tobacco waste and the like into a product having the same beneficial properties as light tobacco leaves.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse frembringer et tobakkprodukt som kan ha stort sett de samme fordelaktige røkeegenskaper som lyse tobakkblader. Den foreliggende oppfinnelse tillater også fremstillingen av et tobakkprodukt på en slik måte at mange av de mindre ønskelige elementer som vanligvis avgis i tobakkrøk,ned-settes eller fjernes. Oppfinnelsen omfatter således et "skredder-sydd" røkeprodukt som inneholder stort sett bare de bestanddeler som resulterer i gode brenneegenskaper, og som frembringer den tilfredsstillelse som ventes ved røking av de beste tobakksorter-inger. The present invention provides a tobacco product which can have substantially the same beneficial smoking properties as light tobacco leaves. The present invention also allows the production of a tobacco product in such a way that many of the less desirable elements which are usually given off in tobacco smoke are reduced or removed. The invention thus comprises a "tailor-made" smoking product which contains mostly only those components which result in good burning properties, and which produces the satisfaction expected when smoking the best tobacco varieties.
Oppfinnelsen tillater fremstilling av et tobakkprodukt av lyse tobakkstengler ved å behandle tobakkstenglene for å fjerne kalsiumtverrleddene og magnesium-"tverrleddene fra det pektinholdige materiale som finnes i dem uten å påvirke cellulosens og hemi-cellulosens fibrete natur i tobakken som behandles, i skade-lig henseende. The invention permits the manufacture of a tobacco product from light tobacco stalks by treating the tobacco stalks to remove the calcium cross-links and magnesium cross-links from the pectin-containing material contained therein without adversely affecting the fibrous nature of the cellulose and hemi-cellulose in the tobacco being treated. .
Oppfinnelsen tillater tilvirkning av et produkt av lyse tobakkstengler eller andre tobakkskilder som er stort sett fritt for magnesiumtverrledd og kalsiumtverrledd. Dette tverrledd-fri produkt blir fortrinnsvis presset eller malt på et tidspunkt da de"0.nneholder stort sett hele den cellulose, hemi-cellulose og det pektinholdige materiale som opprinnelig var tilstede i steng-lene eller de andre tobakkdelene som ble behandlet. Som det vil bli beskrevet fullstendigere i det følgende, benyttes det resulterende produkt eller stengelpulp deretter ved å danne en oppslemming av denne med vann og å tilføre oppslemmingen organiske eller anorganiske bestanddeler for å gi oppslemmingen de ønskete tobakk-kjennetegn. Den resulterende oppslemming ble deretter formet ved hjelp av en vanlig støpeteknikk eller på annen måte til et rekonstituert tobakkprodukt som kan innarbeides som den eneste tobakkbestanddel eller som en del av tobakkbestanddelen i et røkeprodukt, for eksempel en sigarett, en sigar eller en pipe- The invention allows the manufacture of a product from light tobacco stalks or other tobacco sources that is substantially free of magnesium cross-links and calcium cross-links. This cross-link-free product is preferably pressed or ground at a time when it contains substantially all of the cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin-containing material originally present in the stalks or other tobacco parts being processed. will be described more fully hereinafter, the resulting product or stalk pulp is then used by forming a slurry thereof with water and adding organic or inorganic ingredients to the slurry to impart the desired tobacco characteristics to the slurry. The resulting slurry was then shaped by by a conventional molding technique or otherwise into a reconstituted tobacco product which can be incorporated as the sole tobacco ingredient or as part of the tobacco ingredient in a smoking product, for example a cigarette, a cigar or a pipe
tobakk. tobacco.
Eti fremgangsmåte for å fjerne kalsium- og magnesiumtverr-leddene fra de pektinholdige materialer som finnes i tobakk er å vaske tobakkdelene, som kan være hele stengler, opprevete eller opphakkete stengler, tobakkpartikler og tobakkavfall eller liknende, med en vandig behandlingsoppløsning med en pH-verdi fra 0,5 til 3,0 og fortrinnsvis fra 1,0 til 2,5. The method for removing the calcium and magnesium cross-links from the pectin-containing materials found in tobacco is to wash the tobacco parts, which may be whole stems, torn or chopped stems, tobacco particles and tobacco waste or the like, with an aqueous treatment solution with a pH value from 0.5 to 3.0 and preferably from 1.0 to 2.5.
Det foretrekkes å vaske tobakkdelene først med vann. It is preferable to wash the tobacco parts first with water.
Por å etterlikne et lyst tobakkprodukt bør tobakkdelene fortrinnsvis være lyse tobakkdeler. Andre tobakksorter, så som burley-tobakk, kan imidlertid behandles tilsvarende og benyttes tilsvarende . In order to imitate a light tobacco product, the tobacco parts should preferably be light tobacco parts. However, other types of tobacco, such as burley tobacco, can be processed and used accordingly.
Den vandige behandlingsoppløsning kan gjøres passende sur ved å tilsette en anorganisk syre, så som saltsyre, til vannet for å bringe pH-verdien på det foretrukne nivå. Vannet føres imidlertid fortrinnsvis gjennom en joneutveksler-harpiks av sur type, så som en sulfatharpiks i sur form. Dersom en sulfatharpiks i sur form benyttes for dette formål, kan det være nødvendig å tilføre små mengder av et klorid, nitrat eller liknende jon for å gi vannet en begynnelses-surhet som kan opprettholdes av harpik-sen. Andre forholdsregler for å bringe pH-verdien på det ønskelige nivå omfatter anvendelsen av enhver organisk eller anorganisk syre hvormed en pH-verdi på 3 eller lavere kan oppnås. Disse syrene inkluderer svovelsyre, salpetersyre, ortofosforsyre, pyro-fosforsyre og liknende. Syrebehandlingen fortsettes inntil fjer-ningen av den ønskelige mengde kalsium og/eller magnesium er blitt gjennomført. Dette kan ta fra 10 minutter til 50 timer, avhengig av oppløsningens surhetsgrad, temperaturen og den mekaniske kapa-sitet til det anvendte utstyr. Det sure vann i joneutvekslings-kolonnen bør vanligvis være i kontakt med tobakkdelene i et tids-rom på fra 1 time til 8 timer og fortrinnsvis fra 3 til 4 timer ved en temperatur på fra 25°C til 50°C, og fortrinnsvis fra 25°C til 35°C. Vannet som er benyttet til å behandle tobakken kan deretter føres tilbake i kontakt med ny tobakk. The aqueous treatment solution can be suitably acidified by adding an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, to the water to bring the pH to the preferred level. However, the water is preferably passed through an ion exchanger resin of an acidic type, such as a sulfate resin in acidic form. If a sulphate resin in acidic form is used for this purpose, it may be necessary to add small amounts of a chloride, nitrate or similar ion to give the water an initial acidity which can be maintained by the resin. Other precautions to bring the pH to the desired level include the use of any organic or inorganic acid with which a pH of 3 or lower can be achieved. These acids include sulfuric acid, nitric acid, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid and the like. The acid treatment is continued until the removal of the desired amount of calcium and/or magnesium has been carried out. This can take from 10 minutes to 50 hours, depending on the acidity of the solution, the temperature and the mechanical capacity of the equipment used. The acidic water in the ion exchange column should generally be in contact with the tobacco parts for a period of from 1 hour to 8 hours and preferably from 3 to 4 hours at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C, and preferably from 25 °C to 35°C. The water used to treat the tobacco can then be brought back into contact with new tobacco.
De behandlete stengler kan deretter presses eller behandles på annen måte for å fjerne behandlingsoppløsningen, lufttør-kes eller tørkes i en ovn eller liknende og males opp i stort sett jevn størrelse, vanligvis fra -50 til -200 mesh størrelse og fortrinnsvis fra -80 til -120 mesh størrelse for å danne en pulp. The treated stems may then be pressed or otherwise treated to remove the treatment solution, air-dried or dried in an oven or the like, and ground to a substantially uniform size, usually from -50 to -200 mesh size and preferably from -80 to -120 mesh size to form a pulp.
Den resulterende pulp ble deretter blandet sammen med fra 10 til 25 deler vann pr. del pulp, ved en temperatur på fra 0°C til 60°C, fortrinnsvis fra 20°C til 40°C og den resulterende blanding ble brakt til en pH-verdi på fra 5 til 10, fortrinnsvis fra 7,5 til 8,6 ved tilsetting av vandig kaliumhydroksyd eller liknende. De følgende bestanddeler, som er avgjørende for et godt produkt, tilsettes i følgende mengder: 1) kalsium, tilsatt som et kalsiumsalt eller som kalsiumhydroksyd eller liknende, for eksempel Ca(0H)2, CaCl2eller CaHPO^for å gi følgende prosentdel kalsium (elementær) i sluttproduktet: 2.0-37°2) kalium, tilsatt som et kaliumsalt eller som kaliumhydroksyd eller liknende, for eksempel KOH,<K>2<S0>4,K2HP04eller KC1 for å gi følgende prosentdel kalium (elementær) i sluttpro- The resulting pulp was then mixed with from 10 to 25 parts of water per part pulp, at a temperature of from 0°C to 60°C, preferably from 20°C to 40°C and the resulting mixture was brought to a pH value of from 5 to 10, preferably from 7.5 to 8, 6 by adding aqueous potassium hydroxide or similar. The following ingredients, which are essential for a good product, are added in the following quantities: 1) calcium, added as a calcium salt or as calcium hydroxide or the like, for example Ca(OH)2, CaCl2 or CaHPO^ to give the following percentage of calcium (elemental ) in the final product: 2.0-37°2) potassium, added as a potassium salt or as potassium hydroxide or the like, for example KOH,<K>2<S0>4,K2HP04 or KC1 to give the following percentage of potassium (elemental) in the final product
duktet 0.19-5.0$ ducted 0.19-5.0$
3) maleinsyre eller et salt av denne, for eksempel kalsiummaleat 5.0-20.0$ 4) sitronsyre eller et salt av denne, for eksempel kalsiumcitrat *s 0.75-10.0$ 5) en fuktighetsbevarer, for eksempel glycerol, trietylenglykol, butylenglykol eller 3) maleic acid or a salt thereof, for example calcium maleate 5.0-20.0$ 4) citric acid or a salt thereof, for example calcium citrate *s 0.75-10.0$ 5) a humectant, for example glycerol, triethylene glycol, butylene glycol or
propylenglykol 1.6-6.0% propylene glycol 1.6-6.0%
fy damn
6) et sukker, for eksempel invertsukker, 6) a sugar, for example invert sugar,
dekstrose, fruktose eller sukrose 5.0-20.0$ dextrose, fructose or sucrose 5.0-20.0$
Deretter kan følgende bestanddeler tilsettes dersom det er ønskelig, 7) magnesium, tilsatt som et magnesiumsalt eller som magnesiumhydroksyd eller liknende, Then the following components can be added if desired, 7) magnesium, added as a magnesium salt or as magnesium hydroxide or similar,
for eksempel Mg(0H)2, MgSO^, eller MgCl2for å gi følgende prosentdel elementært for example, Mg(OH)2, MgSO^, or MgCl2 to give the following percentage elementally
magnesium 0.3-1.4$ magnesium 0.3-1.4$
8) nikotin, for eksempel ren nikotin eller som et salt så som maleat, sitrat eller hydroklorid 1.0-3.0$ 8) nicotine, for example pure nicotine or as a salt such as maleate, citrate or hydrochloride 1.0-3.0$
9)' et fosfat (P205) for eksempel CaHPO^9)' a phosphate (P2O5), for example CaHPO^
eller K2HP040.8-1.0$ or K2HP040.8-1.0$
Andre bestanddeler kan tilsettes for å tilpasse smaken eller røkeegenskapene til produktet. Other ingredients can be added to adjust the taste or smoking properties of the product.
Valget av de organiske og anorganiske bestanddeler som skal tilsettes oppslemmingen omfatter i hovedsaken tilsetting av de ønskelige bestanddeler (eller deres ekvivalenter) som finnes i de naturlig forekommende tobakkblader til oppslemmingen. The selection of the organic and inorganic components to be added to the slurry mainly comprises the addition of the desirable components (or their equivalents) found in the naturally occurring tobacco leaves to the slurry.
Følgende eksempler er illustrerende for oppfinnelsen: The following examples are illustrative of the invention:
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
De bestanddeler som ved kjemisk analyse ble funnet å være tilstede i fyllmassen til en helt lys sigarett uten tilsetninger, ble tilsatt grunnmaterialet. Dette grunnmateriale var 1,78 kg malte fibre som var blitt frembrakt av lyse tobakkstengler som var blitt dekalsifisert ved å føre svakt surt vann tilbake over de vaskete lyse tobakkstengler og gjennom en kolonne med "Dowex" sulfatharpiks i sur form. De malte fibre ble dispergert i 34,2 kg destillert vann, og blandingen ble brakt til en pH-verdi på 8,2 ved tilsetting av 0,62 kg 17$ vandig kaliumhydroksyd. Denne blandingen kan kalles basisblandingen i bestanddelgruppe 1. The components which, by chemical analysis, were found to be present in the filling mass of a completely light cigarette without additives, were added to the base material. This base material was 1.78 kg of ground fibers produced from light tobacco stalks which had been decalcified by passing slightly acidic water back over the washed light tobacco stalks and through a column of "Dowex" sulphate resin in acidic form. The ground fibers were dispersed in 34.2 kg of distilled water and the mixture was brought to a pH value of 8.2 by the addition of 0.62 kg of 17% aqueous potassium hydroxide. This mixture can be called the base mixture in component group 1.
Maleinsyre (0,23 kg), kalsiumhydroksyd (0,06 kg) og nikotin (0,34 kg 20$ vandig oppløsning) ble tilsatt til 2,15 kg destillert vann. Denne blandingen som vil bli henvist til som bestanddelgruppe II, ble deretter slått opp i basisblandingen Maleic acid (0.23 kg), calcium hydroxide (0.06 kg) and nicotine (0.34 kg 20% aqueous solution) were added to 2.15 kg of distilled water. This mixture, which will be referred to as component group II, was then added to the base mixture
(gruppe 1) (group 1)
Følgende grupper materialer ble også blandet sammen at-skilt og tilsatt basisblandingen i den nedenfor angitte rekkeføl-ge: The following groups of materials were also mixed together separately and added to the base mixture in the sequence indicated below:
Denne tilvirkningen som dannet 45,3 kg oppslemming med et faststoffinnhold på 7$ og en pH-verdi på 5,2, ble ført igjennom en homogenisator og deretter støpt ut på et endeløst stålstøpe-bånd. Den støpte plate ble delvis tørket med elektriske varmean-ordninger, fjernet fra båndet når det hadde et fuktighetsinnhold på ca. 20$ og tørket ytterligere til ca. 15$ fuktighet. Den resulterende plate veide ca. 95 g/m . Det ble revet opp uten van-skeligheter til en fyllmasse for sigaretter, og sigaretter ble fremstilt av denne på vanlig måte. Platen og den opprevne fyllmasse lot seg meget lett behandle i de forskjellige fremstillings-trinn. This production, which formed 45.3 kg of slurry with a solids content of 7% and a pH value of 5.2, was passed through a homogenizer and then cast onto an endless steel casting belt. The cast plate was partially dried with electric heating devices, removed from the belt when it had a moisture content of approx. 20$ and further dried to approx. 15$ humidity. The resulting plate weighed approx. 95 g/m . It was torn up without difficulty into a filler for cigarettes, and cigarettes were made from this in the usual way. The plate and the torn-up filling material were very easy to process in the various production steps.
Motstanden mot inhalering til den resulterende sigarett ble bestemt. Motstand mot inhalering er definert som trykkfallet over en sigarett, uttrykt i mm vannsøyle når luft strømmer gjennom sigaretten med en hastighet på 1050 ml/min. Por å bestemme denne trykkforskjell ble sigarettens ene ende satt inn i et spesielt utformet rør hvorigjennom det ble suget luft. Trykkforskjellen mellom den åpne og den lukkete ende av sigaretten ble målt. Motstanden mot inhalering var 51 - 61 mm vannsøyle. The inhalation resistance of the resulting cigarette was determined. Resistance to inhalation is defined as the pressure drop across a cigarette, expressed in mm of water column, when air flows through the cigarette at a rate of 1050 ml/min. To determine this pressure difference, one end of the cigarette was inserted into a specially designed tube through which air was sucked. The pressure difference between the open and the closed end of the cigarette was measured. Resistance to inhalation was 51 - 61 mm water column.
Sigarettene veide 1,14 gram hver. Niognitti sigaretter ble fremstilt av 120 gram fyllmasse. The cigarettes weighed 1.14 grams each. Niognitti cigarettes were made from 120 grams of filler.
Sigarettene ble røkt i en konstantvolum røkemaskin som tok en 35 ml inhalering av 2 sekunders varighet en gang for hvert 60. sekund. Røken ble oppfanget i en "Cambridge" filterinnsats som holdt tilbake partikler som var større enn 0,3 mikron. Pil-teroppstillingen ble veid før og etter røkingen av- fire sigaretter for å bestemme den oppsamlete mengde av 'totalt partikkelformet stoff. Denne var 10,2 mg/sigarett. The cigarettes were smoked in a constant volume smoking machine which took a 35 ml inhalation of 2 second duration once every 60 seconds. The smoke was captured in a "Cambridge" filter insert that retained particles larger than 0.3 microns. The pill array was weighed before and after the smoking of four cigarettes to determine the accumulated amount of total particulate matter. This was 10.2 mg/cigarette.
Antall inhaleringer ble bestemt ved å røke fire sigaretter, telle antall inhaleringer som trengtes for å bringe forbren- ningslinjen frem til JO mm-merket på sigarettene, og deretter finne gjennomsnittet av antall inhaleringer som antallet for de enkelte sigaretter. Antallet inhaleringer var 5,5- The number of inhalations was determined by smoking four cigarettes, counting the number of inhalations needed to bring the burn line up to the JO mm mark on the cigarettes, and then averaging the number of inhalations as the number for the individual cigarettes. The number of inhalations was 5.5-
Dampdestillering av fyllmassen i sigaretten fjernet de tilstedeværende dampflyktige alkaloider. Sammenlikning av det ultrafiolette absorpsjonsspektrum til destillatet med egnete stand-darder dannet basis for et kvantitativt anslag av det totale alka-loidinnhold. Nikotininnholdet uttrykt som samlet alkaloid var 0,84 mg/sigarett. Steam distillation of the filler in the cigarette removed the volatile alkaloids present. Comparison of the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the distillate with suitable standards formed the basis for a quantitative estimate of the total alkaloid content. The nicotine content expressed as total alkaloid was 0.84 mg/cigarette.
Den statiske brennhastighet, som ble målt ved å bestemme den tid som trengtes for å brenne 40 mm tobakkstang statisk var 6,6 minutter. The static burn rate, which was measured by determining the time required to statically burn a 40 mm stick of tobacco, was 6.6 minutes.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Bestanddelene lik de som ble anvendt i eksempel 1, ble satt sammen slik som i eksempel 1, med unntak av at 0,064 kg sitronsyre-monohydrat (dobbelt så mye som i den i eksempel 1 foreskrevne mengde) ble benyttet. Den endelige op^slemming ble avpasset til en pH-verdi på 5,2 ved å tilsette 17$ vandig kaliumhydroksyd etter behov.En plate lot seg støpe,tørke og rive opp meget bra. Sigaretter fremstilt av denne fyllmasse hadde mye de samme fysikalske egenskaper og brenn-egenskaper som materialet foreskrevet i eksempel 1 som vist i den følgende tabell. The ingredients similar to those used in example 1 were put together as in example 1, with the exception that 0.064 kg of citric acid monohydrate (twice as much as in the amount prescribed in example 1) was used. The final slurry was adjusted to a pH value of 5.2 by adding 17% aqueous potassium hydroxide as needed. A plate was cast, dried and torn up very well. Cigarettes made from this filler had much the same physical and burning properties as the material prescribed in Example 1 as shown in the following table.
En bedømmelsesgruppe på fem eksperter sammenliknet disse sigarettene med de som ble tilvirket i eksempel 1. De fant at prøvesigaretten hadde mindre skarp smak enn sigaretten i eksempel 1, at den hadde mer fyldig aroma og at den var å foretrekke fremfor sigarettene i eksempel 1 av fire gruppen (en hadde ingen preferanse). A judging panel of five experts compared these cigarettes to those produced in Example 1. They found that the sample cigarette had a less sharp taste than the cigarette in Example 1, that it had a fuller aroma, and that it was preferable to the cigarettes in Example 1 out of four group (one had no preference).
Eksempel 3- Example 3-
Malte tobakkfibre (1,78 kg) fra lyse tobakkstengler ble vasket med vann som ble ført tilbake gjennom en kolonne med "Dowex" sulfatharpiks i sur form og ble dispergert i 3^,30 kg destillert vann. Blandingen ble brakt til en pH-verdi på 8,2 ved å tilsette 0,064 kg konsentrert vandig ammoniumhydroksyd, 0,34 kg 20$ vandig nikotin og 0,09 kg kalsiumhydroksyd oppslemmet i 0,453 kg destillert vann. Ground tobacco fibers (1.78 kg) from light tobacco stalks were washed with water passed back through a column of "Dowex" sulfate resin in acid form and dispersed in 3^.30 kg of distilled water. The mixture was brought to a pH of 8.2 by adding 0.064 kg of concentrated aqueous ammonium hydroxide, 0.34 kg of 20% aqueous nicotine and 0.09 kg of calcium hydroxide slurried in 0.453 kg of distilled water.
Følgende grupper bestanddeler ble tilsatt den resulterende blanding i den angitte rekkefølge: The following groups of ingredients were added to the resulting mixture in the order indicated:
Den resulterende oppslemming veide 4-5,3 kg og hadde en pH-verdi på 6,0. Den ble tilvirket til plater :jg r--i vet opp som tidligere. Platene hadde et høyt kalsiuminnhold og et meget lavt kaliuminnhold. Sigarettene sluttet å brenne under statiske foHiold, og det u-s forandret visse røkeegenskaper som vist i de følgende ta-beller (flere haleringer, høyere totalutbytte). The resulting slurry weighed 4-5.3 kg and had a pH of 6.0. It was made into plates :jg r--i vet opp as before. The plates had a high calcium content and a very low potassium content. The cigarettes stopped burning under static foHiold, and it u-s changed certain smoking characteristics as shown in the following tables (more tail rings, higher total yield).
Eksempel 4. Example 4.
Bestanddeler og fremgangsmåte for å sette dem sammen var den samme som i eksempel 1, med unntak av at det ikke ble tilsatt invertsukker. Det ble støpt en plate som ble tørket og revet opp som tidligere. Lavt sukkerinnhold betydde høyt askeinnhold i platen, og forandringen i platen frembrakte en lett,hurtigbrennende sigarett som følgelig hadde lavt haleringsantall og lite utbytte både av nikotin og partikkelformet stoff. Ingredients and method of putting them together were the same as in example 1, with the exception that no invert sugar was added. A plate was cast which was dried and torn up as before. A low sugar content meant a high ash content in the plate, and the change in the plate produced a light, fast-burning cigarette which consequently had a low number of tails and a low yield of both nicotine and particulate matter.
Resultatene av de forskjellige vurderinger fra eksemplene 1-5 er fremstilt i tabellen I og II. The results of the different assessments from examples 1-5 are presented in tables I and II.
Som ellers i fremstillingen er alle prosenttall regnet etter vekt. As elsewhere in the presentation, all percentages are calculated by weight.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US557922A US3385303A (en) | 1966-06-16 | 1966-06-16 | Reconstituted tobacco product |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO117963B true NO117963B (en) | 1969-10-13 |
Family
ID=24227413
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO168252A NO117963B (en) | 1966-06-16 | 1967-05-23 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3385303A (en) |
CH (1) | CH485428A (en) |
ES (1) | ES341490A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI46586C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1162274A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6708412A (en) |
NO (1) | NO117963B (en) |
SE (1) | SE325503B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK155908B (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1989-06-05 | Philip Morris Prod | METHOD OF TREATING TOBACCO TO REDUCE THE GAS PHASE COMPONENTS DURING THE COMBUSTION |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4005718A (en) * | 1970-07-11 | 1977-02-01 | Carreras Rothmans Limited | Smoking materials |
US3951155A (en) * | 1970-07-11 | 1976-04-20 | Carreras Rothmans Limited | Smoking materials |
BE788198A (en) * | 1971-09-08 | 1973-02-28 | Ici Ltd | IMPROVED SMOKING MIX |
NL7301732A (en) * | 1972-02-10 | 1973-08-14 | ||
EP0162671B1 (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1991-08-21 | Philip Morris Products Inc. | Cohesive tobacco composition |
US5249588A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1993-10-05 | British-American Tobacco Company Limited | Smoking articles |
US5152304A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1992-10-06 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Wrapper for a smoking article |
US5327917A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1994-07-12 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for providing a reconstituted tobacco material |
US5339838A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-08-23 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for providing a reconstituted tobacco material |
US5325877A (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1994-07-05 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco reconstitution process |
US5533530A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-07-09 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco reconstitution process |
CN2719043Y (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-08-24 | 韩力 | Atomized electronic cigarette |
US7726320B2 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2010-06-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-containing smoking article |
US8757147B2 (en) | 2010-05-15 | 2014-06-24 | Minusa Holdings Llc | Personal vaporizing inhaler with internal light source |
US11344683B2 (en) | 2010-05-15 | 2022-05-31 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Vaporizer related systems, methods, and apparatus |
US9078473B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2015-07-14 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking articles and use thereof for yielding inhalation materials |
US9839238B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-12-12 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Control body for an electronic smoking article |
CN104489915A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Burley tobacco leaf fragment treating agent and using method |
US10034494B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2018-07-31 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Reservoir for aerosol delivery devices |
CA3041096A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Nicotine and binder containing sheet |
CN110035669B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2022-02-18 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Sheet material containing nicotine and cellulose |
CN110325057B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2022-09-23 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Method for making nicotine-containing sheet |
MX2019007466A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-09-09 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Nicotine containing sheet. |
US11957156B2 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-04-16 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Method for the preparation of a sheet including a homogenized material containing alkaloids and aerosol forming article comprising a component prepared from it |
GB201810729D0 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-08-15 | Nerudia Ltd | A method for manufacturing reconstituted plant material |
WO2020089095A1 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-07 | Nerudia Limited | Smoking substitute consumable |
CN111329096B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-02-11 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for improving moisture retention performance of tobacco stems |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3034932A (en) * | 1957-08-22 | 1962-05-15 | Air Prod & Chem | Tobacco composition |
US3012915A (en) * | 1957-11-21 | 1961-12-12 | Minerals & Chem Philipp Corp | Tobacco composition including comminuted solid material affixed thereto |
US3121433A (en) * | 1961-08-08 | 1964-02-18 | American Mach & Foundry | Manufacture of smoking products |
-
1966
- 1966-06-16 US US557922A patent/US3385303A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1967
- 1967-05-23 NO NO168252A patent/NO117963B/no unknown
- 1967-06-05 GB GB25896/67A patent/GB1162274A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-06-07 ES ES341490A patent/ES341490A1/en not_active Expired
- 1967-06-15 CH CH847067A patent/CH485428A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-06-15 FI FI671691A patent/FI46586C/en active
- 1967-06-16 NL NL6708412A patent/NL6708412A/xx unknown
- 1967-06-16 SE SE08558/67A patent/SE325503B/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK155908B (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1989-06-05 | Philip Morris Prod | METHOD OF TREATING TOBACCO TO REDUCE THE GAS PHASE COMPONENTS DURING THE COMBUSTION |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI46586C (en) | 1973-05-08 |
US3385303A (en) | 1968-05-28 |
GB1162274A (en) | 1969-08-20 |
NL6708412A (en) | 1967-12-18 |
CH485428A (en) | 1970-02-15 |
SE325503B (en) | 1970-06-29 |
FI46586B (en) | 1973-01-31 |
ES341490A1 (en) | 1968-07-01 |
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