NO117748B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO117748B NO117748B NO16058365A NO16058365A NO117748B NO 117748 B NO117748 B NO 117748B NO 16058365 A NO16058365 A NO 16058365A NO 16058365 A NO16058365 A NO 16058365A NO 117748 B NO117748 B NO 117748B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- tetracycline
- calcium chloride
- value
- solution
- complexes
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMEVHPAGJVLHIG-FMZCEJRJSA-N chembl454950 Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H]([NH+](C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O XMEVHPAGJVLHIG-FMZCEJRJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004989 tetracycline hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NWXMGUDVXFXRIG-WESIUVDSSA-N (4s,4as,5as,6s,12ar)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H](N(C)C)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@]4(O)C(=O)C3=C(O)C2=C1O NWXMGUDVXFXRIG-WESIUVDSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/12—Impregnating, moulding insulation, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/16—Insulating conductors or cables by passing through or dipping in a liquid bath; by spraying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/30—Drying; Impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
- H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av krystallinske komplekser av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid. Process for the preparation of crystalline complexes of tetracycline and calcium chloride.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører The present invention relates to
fremstillingen av terapeutisk anvendelige komplekser av tetracyklin og nærmere be-tegnet krystallinske komplekser av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid. the production of therapeutically usable complexes of tetracycline and, more specifically, crystalline complexes of tetracycline and calcium chloride.
Tetracyklin er et relativt nytt anti-biotikum med et bredt spektrum, og det er beskrevet i Journ. Amer. Chem. Soc, 75, 4621—4623 (1953) og i Antibiotics Annual, side 46—107 (1953—1954). Tetracycline is a relatively new antibiotic with a broad spectrum, and it is described in Journ. Amer. Chem. Soc, 75, 4621-4623 (1953) and in Antibiotics Annual, pages 46-107 (1953-1954).
I mange tilfelle foretrekkes ved inntagelse av medikamenter den orale inntagelse både av legen og pasienten. Tabletter og kapsler anvendes ofte til dette formål, men det foretrekkes ofte at inntagelsen av medisinen kan skje i form av en vandig suspensjon eller oppløsning, som er holdbar med hensyn til den biologiske virkning. Man har hittil ikke hatt slike i lengre tid holdbare, vandige suspensjoner av tetracyklin til rådighet, og typiske eksempler på slike suspensjoner, inneholdende f. eks. 250 mg tetracyklinhydrat eller tetracyklinhydroklorid pr. 5 ml, har vist seg bare å bibeholde den antibakterielle aktivitet i en måned eller mindre ved oppbevaring ved 56° C. Produkter av dette slag er derfor bare tilgjengelige i form av tørre blandinger, som krever oppblanding med vann før anvendelsen, og som etter oppblandingen bare er begrenset holdbare. En slik oppblanding med vann likesom den begren-sede holdbarhet er naturligvis en uønsket egenskap, og den medfører forøkede mu-ligheter for feiltagelser, f. eks. ved fortyn-ningen, og for forurensning. De samme ulemper gjør seg gjeldende ved anvendelsen av tørre blandinger til tilberedning av parenterale produkter. In many cases, oral intake is preferred by both the doctor and the patient when taking drugs. Tablets and capsules are often used for this purpose, but it is often preferred that the medicine can be taken in the form of an aqueous suspension or solution, which is durable with regard to the biological effect. Until now, such long-lasting, aqueous suspensions of tetracycline have not been available, and typical examples of such suspensions, containing e.g. 250 mg tetracycline hydrate or tetracycline hydrochloride per 5 ml, has only been shown to retain its antibacterial activity for a month or less when stored at 56° C. Products of this type are therefore only available in the form of dry mixtures, which require reconstitution with water before use, and which after reconstitution only have a limited shelf life. Such mixing with water, as well as the limited shelf life, is of course an undesirable property, and it leads to increased possibilities for mistakes, e.g. during the dilution, and for contamination. The same disadvantages apply to the use of dry mixtures for the preparation of parenteral products.
Det er hensikten med den foreliggende oppfinnelse å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av preparater som inneholder en form av tetracyklin, som er holdbar i lang tid i form av vandige suspensjoner beregnet til oral eller parenteral inntagelse. It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a method for the production of preparations containing a form of tetracycline, which is stable for a long time in the form of aqueous suspensions intended for oral or parenteral ingestion.
Den foreliggende fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av krystallinske komplekser av The present method for the preparation of crystalline complexes of
tetracyklin og kalciumklorid er karakterist-isk ved at der til tetracyklin i oppløsning ved pH-verdier under 2,5 settes kalciumklorid, hvoretter oppløsningens pH-verdi tetracycline and calcium chloride is characteristic in that calcium chloride is added to tetracycline in solution at pH values below 2.5, after which the solution's pH value
innstilles på en verdi mellom 3,0 og 6,0 og fortrinsvis mellom 3,0 og 4,0, hvorved der utfelles komplekser av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid. is set to a value between 3.0 and 6.0 and preferably between 3.0 and 4.0, whereby complexes of tetracycline and calcium chloride are precipitated.
J Hensikten ifølge oppfinnelsen er blitt nådd, idet der ifølge oppfinnelsen er til-veiebragt krystallinske komplekser av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid og ytterligere et krystallinsk kompleks inneholdende 4 molekyler tetracyklin pr. molekyl kalciumklorid. J The purpose according to the invention has been achieved, since according to the invention crystalline complexes of tetracycline and calcium chloride and a further crystalline complex containing 4 molecules of tetracycline per calcium chloride molecule.
Oppfinnelsen er i det følgende forklart i forbindelse med et eksempel. The invention is explained in the following in connection with an example.
Eksempel. Example.
100 g krystallinsk tetracyklinhydrat oppløstes i 2 1 vann, og pH-verdien inn-stiltes på 1,4 ved tilsetning av konsentrert saltsyre. Til oppløsningen ble der satt 100 g of crystalline tetracycline hydrate was dissolved in 2 1 of water, and the pH value was adjusted to 1.4 by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid. For the resolution there was set
111 g kalciumklorid, og der omrørtes inntil oppløsning hadde funnet sted. Der ble langsomt tilsatt konsentrert ammoniumhydroksyd til pH-verdien 3,2 ble nådd, og den klare oppløsning ble deretter rørt om inntil krystalldannelse var inntrått, hvil-ket varte 15 minutter. pH-verdien ble deretter regulert til 3,5 ved tilsetning av konsentrert ammoniumhydroksyd, oppløsnin-gen ble rørt om i 4 timer, og bunnfallet av krystallinsk kompleks av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid (63,5 g) isolertes ved filtre-ring. 111 g of calcium chloride, and stirred until dissolution had taken place. Concentrated ammonium hydroxide was added slowly until the pH value 3.2 was reached, and the clear solution was then stirred until crystal formation had set in, which lasted 15 minutes. The pH was then adjusted to 3.5 by the addition of concentrated ammonium hydroxide, the solution was stirred for 4 hours, and the precipitate of crystalline complex of tetracycline and calcium chloride (63.5 g) was isolated by filtration.
Ved analyse ble funnet et vanninnhold på 15,1 pst., og de øvrige analyseresultater omregnet på vannfri basis var følgende: C 55,3 % H 5,29 % Cl 4,43 % Aske (sulfataske) 7,26 % Ca (beregnet av askeinnhold) .. 2,14 % On analysis, a water content of 15.1 per cent was found, and the other analysis results converted on an anhydrous basis were as follows: C 55.3% H 5.29% Cl 4.43% Ash (sulphate ash) 7.26% Ca (calculated of ash content) .. 2.14%
Effekt målt ved ultrafiolett absorpsjon 803 mikrogram pr. mg. Effect measured by ultraviolet absorption 803 micrograms per mg.
Beregnet for 4 mol tetracyklin -f- 1 mol CaCl2: C 56,0 % H .............................. 5,09 % Cl 3,76 % Ca 2,12 % Calculated for 4 mol tetracycline -f- 1 mol CaCl2: C 56.0% H .............................. 5, 09% Cl 3.76% Ca 2.12%
Anvendt som en vandig suspensjon med en konsentrasjon svarende til 250 mg tetracyklinhydroklorid pr. 5 ml bevarte dette kompleks av tetracyklin og kalciumklorid den fulle biologiske effekt i over 4 måneder ved oppbevaring ved 56° C og forårsaket gode konsentrasjoner av tetracyklin i blodet ved oral eller parenteral (intramuskulær) inntagelse. Used as an aqueous suspension with a concentration corresponding to 250 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride per 5 ml, this complex of tetracycline and calcium chloride retained its full biological effect for over 4 months when stored at 56° C and caused good concentrations of tetracycline in the blood by oral or parenteral (intramuscular) ingestion.
Produktene fremstilles således ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse ved en fremgangsmåte, hvorved der fremstilles et krystallinsk tetracyklin-kalciumklorid-kompleks, idet tetracyklin i oppløsning ved pH-verdier under 2,5 omsettes med kalciumklorid, hvorved der fremkommer en opp-løsning, hvoretter pH-verdien innstilles på verdier i området 3,0—6,0 ved tilsetning av base, og hvoretter endelig det utfelte krystallinske tetracyklin-kalciumklorid-kompleks isoleres. Ifølge en særlig utforming av fremgangsmåten fremstilles produktene etter oppfinnelsen ved en fremgangsmåte som består i at en vandig oppløsning av tetracyklin, som ved tilsetning av sterk syre er innstilt på en pH-verdi under 2,5, omsettes med ca. 1 mol kalciumklorid for hver 4 mol tetracyklin, hvorved der fremkommer en oppløsning. pH-verdien regu-leres deretter ved tilsetning av ammoniumhydroksyd til området 3,0—4,0, hvoretter det utfelte krystallinske tetracyklin-kalciumklorid-kompleks, som inneholder 4 molekyler tetracyklin for hvert molekyl kalciumklorid, isoleres. The products are thus produced according to the present invention by a method whereby a crystalline tetracycline-calcium chloride complex is produced, whereby tetracycline in solution at pH values below 2.5 is reacted with calcium chloride, whereby a solution is produced, after which the pH value is set to values in the range 3.0-6.0 by addition of base, after which finally the precipitated crystalline tetracycline-calcium chloride complex is isolated. According to a particular design of the method, the products according to the invention are produced by a method which consists in that an aqueous solution of tetracycline, which is adjusted to a pH value below 2.5 by the addition of a strong acid, is reacted with approx. 1 mol of calcium chloride for every 4 mol of tetracycline, whereby a solution is produced. The pH value is then regulated by adding ammonium hydroxide to the range 3.0-4.0, after which the precipitated crystalline tetracycline-calcium chloride complex, which contains 4 molecules of tetracycline for each molecule of calcium chloride, is isolated.
I stedet for det foretrukne oppløsnings-middel, vann, kan der anvendes med vann blandbare lavere alifatiske alkoholer og ketoner eller vandige oppløsninger herav. Utgangsmaterialet kan være vannfritt eller vannholdig basisk tetracyklin, som deretter innstilles på en sterkt sur pH-verdi, f. eks. ved tilsetning av saltsyre, svovelsyre og lignende, eller det kan være tetracyklinhydroklorid, tetracyklinsulfat eller lignende syreaddisjonssalter. Innstillingen på den alifatiske pH-verdi kan skje ved tilsetning av en hvilken som helst base. Det foretrekkes å anvende ammoniumhydroksyd, men også natriumhydroksyd og lignende kan anvendes. pH-verdien blir ved innstillingen hevet til ca. 3,4—4,0 og fortrinsvis til ca. 3,5. Hvis pH-verdien heves til over 6,0, f. eks. til 7,1, fremkommer der kun det amorfe kalciumsalt og ikke tetracyklin-kalciumklorid-kompleks som ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse. Instead of the preferred solvent, water, water-miscible lower aliphatic alcohols and ketones or aqueous solutions thereof can be used. The starting material can be anhydrous or aqueous basic tetracycline, which is then adjusted to a strongly acidic pH value, e.g. by adding hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like, or it can be tetracycline hydrochloride, tetracycline sulphate or similar acid addition salts. The aliphatic pH value can be adjusted by adding any base. It is preferred to use ammonium hydroxide, but sodium hydroxide and the like can also be used. The pH value is raised to approx. 3.4-4.0 and preferably to approx. 3.5. If the pH value is raised above 6.0, e.g. to 7.1, only the amorphous calcium salt appears there and not the tetracycline-calcium chloride complex as according to the present invention.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEB79463A DE1276152B (en) | 1964-11-24 | 1964-11-24 | Process for the production of impregnated, mica-containing insulation for electrical conductors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO117748B true NO117748B (en) | 1969-09-22 |
Family
ID=6980310
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO16058365A NO117748B (en) | 1964-11-24 | 1965-11-22 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH428879A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1454747A (en) |
NO (1) | NO117748B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH669540A5 (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1989-03-31 | Ganz Villamossagi Muevek |
-
1965
- 1965-11-22 NO NO16058365A patent/NO117748B/no unknown
- 1965-11-22 CH CH1606665A patent/CH428879A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1965-11-22 FR FR39249A patent/FR1454747A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1454747A (en) | 1966-10-07 |
CH428879A (en) | 1967-01-31 |
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