NL7907340A - Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een optisch-glas- -voorvormling, respectievelijk glasvezel met en grote sterkte. - Google Patents
Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een optisch-glas- -voorvormling, respectievelijk glasvezel met en grote sterkte. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL7907340A NL7907340A NL7907340A NL7907340A NL7907340A NL 7907340 A NL7907340 A NL 7907340A NL 7907340 A NL7907340 A NL 7907340A NL 7907340 A NL7907340 A NL 7907340A NL 7907340 A NL7907340 A NL 7907340A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass
- preform
- fiber
- substrate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009994 optical bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
- C03C13/046—Multicomponent glass compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/02—Pure silica glass, e.g. pure fused quartz
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant
- C03B2201/10—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant doped with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/31—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with germanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
- C03B2203/24—Single mode [SM or monomode]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/949,349 US4199337A (en) | 1978-10-06 | 1978-10-06 | Method of fabricating high strength optical preforms |
| US94934978 | 1978-10-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL7907340A true NL7907340A (nl) | 1980-04-09 |
Family
ID=25488958
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7907340A NL7907340A (nl) | 1978-10-06 | 1979-10-03 | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een optisch-glas- -voorvormling, respectievelijk glasvezel met en grote sterkte. |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4199337A (es) |
| JP (1) | JPS5838370B2 (es) |
| AR (1) | AR228568A1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU531842B2 (es) |
| BE (1) | BE879246A (es) |
| BR (1) | BR7906440A (es) |
| CH (1) | CH649755A5 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES484775A0 (es) |
| FR (1) | FR2438017A1 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB2032911B (es) |
| IT (1) | IT1193326B (es) |
| MX (1) | MX151976A (es) |
| NL (1) | NL7907340A (es) |
| SE (1) | SE438310B (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA795364B (es) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0028155A1 (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-05-06 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Single mode optical fibre and method of making it |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0042003B1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1985-03-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for forming a fusible spacer for plasma display panel |
| US4351658A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-09-28 | Corning Glass Works | Manufacture of optical fibers |
| FR2624621B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-10 | 1992-07-31 | Comp Generale Electricite | Procede de fabrication d'une fibre optique ayant une bonne resistance a la fatigue |
| FR2650584B1 (fr) * | 1989-08-02 | 1993-12-17 | Cie Generale D Electricite | Procede de fabrication d'une fibre optique a gaine dopee |
| AU640996B2 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1993-09-09 | Societe Anonyme Dite Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale D'electricite | A method of fabricating preforms for making optical fibers by drawing |
| KR0162604B1 (ko) * | 1994-10-07 | 1999-04-15 | 김광호 | 광 섬유 모재 제조 방법 |
| DE741187T1 (de) * | 1995-05-05 | 1997-04-30 | Hoffmann La Roche | Rekombinante Obesitäts-(OB)-Proteine |
| US6587624B2 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2003-07-01 | Corning Incorporated | Polarization retaining fiber |
| US6360565B1 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 2002-03-26 | Corning Incorporated | Method of making polarization retaining fiber |
| US6498110B2 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-12-24 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Ruthenium silicide wet etch |
| US20030024276A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2003-02-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of manufacture of an optical waveguide article including a fluorine-containing zone |
| US6780783B2 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-08-24 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method of wet etching low dielectric constant materials |
| US20050135759A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-23 | Xingwu Wang | Optical fiber assembly |
| US20120215211A1 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Coherent, Inc. | Delivery fiber for surgical laser treatment and method for making same |
| US20120211145A1 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Coherent, Inc. | Delivery fiber for surgical laser treatment and method for making same |
| US8806893B2 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2014-08-19 | Hoya Corporation | Manufacturing method of a glass blank for magnetic disk and manufacturing method of a glass substrate for magnetic disk |
| NL2015161B1 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-02-01 | Draka Comteq Bv | A method for preparing a primary preform by etching and collapsing a deposited tube. |
| JP6826910B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-22 | 2021-02-10 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 多孔質体合成用多重管バーナー及び多孔質体合成装置 |
| EP3764134B1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2024-02-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical fiber |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3864111A (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1975-02-04 | James C Kemp | Reducing Stress Birefringence in Fused Silica Optical Elements |
| GB1496788A (en) * | 1974-09-05 | 1978-01-05 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical fibre manufacture |
| US3982917A (en) * | 1975-02-04 | 1976-09-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of increasing the strength of silicate glass laser rods |
| US3975175A (en) * | 1975-06-26 | 1976-08-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for increasing the strength of sealing glass |
| GB1550820A (en) * | 1975-07-04 | 1979-08-22 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical fibre manufacture |
| US4116653A (en) * | 1975-07-04 | 1978-09-26 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Optical fiber manufacture |
| US3982916A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1976-09-28 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Method for forming optical fiber preform |
| US4102664A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-07-25 | Corning Glass Works | Method for making glass articles with defect-free surfaces |
-
1978
- 1978-10-06 US US05/949,349 patent/US4199337A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-09-26 AR AR278213A patent/AR228568A1/es active
- 1979-09-27 CH CH8702/79A patent/CH649755A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-02 AU AU51351/79A patent/AU531842B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-10-03 FR FR7924597A patent/FR2438017A1/fr active Granted
- 1979-10-03 NL NL7907340A patent/NL7907340A/nl unknown
- 1979-10-04 SE SE7908214A patent/SE438310B/sv unknown
- 1979-10-04 GB GB7934514A patent/GB2032911B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-05 JP JP54128794A patent/JPS5838370B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1979-10-05 MX MX179544A patent/MX151976A/es unknown
- 1979-10-05 BR BR7906440A patent/BR7906440A/pt unknown
- 1979-10-05 IT IT26284/79A patent/IT1193326B/it active
- 1979-10-05 ES ES484775A patent/ES484775A0/es active Granted
- 1979-10-08 BE BE2/58120A patent/BE879246A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-08 ZA ZA00795364A patent/ZA795364B/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0028155A1 (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-05-06 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Single mode optical fibre and method of making it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX151976A (es) | 1985-05-23 |
| FR2438017A1 (fr) | 1980-04-30 |
| CH649755A5 (de) | 1985-06-14 |
| IT7926284A0 (it) | 1979-10-05 |
| BR7906440A (pt) | 1980-07-15 |
| ZA795364B (en) | 1980-09-24 |
| ES8100495A1 (es) | 1980-11-01 |
| AR228568A1 (es) | 1983-03-30 |
| IT1193326B (it) | 1988-06-15 |
| JPS5838370B2 (ja) | 1983-08-23 |
| FR2438017B1 (es) | 1982-06-25 |
| ES484775A0 (es) | 1980-11-01 |
| BE879246A (fr) | 1980-04-08 |
| SE7908214L (sv) | 1980-04-07 |
| GB2032911B (en) | 1982-11-03 |
| US4199337A (en) | 1980-04-22 |
| AU531842B2 (en) | 1983-09-08 |
| SE438310B (sv) | 1985-04-15 |
| JPS5590436A (en) | 1980-07-09 |
| GB2032911A (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| AU5135179A (en) | 1980-04-17 |
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