NL2030522B1

NL2030522B1 - Hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device

Info

Publication number: NL2030522B1
Application number: NL2030522A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Liu Hongting; Liu Lei
Original assignee: Linyi Hedong Dongfang Shengshi Energy Res Institute
Priority date: 2022-01-13
Filing date: 2022-01-13
Publication date: 2023-07-25

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a hydroelectric power generation device which belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric power. The device includes a water wheel. The 5 water wheel is connected with a gearbox; the gearbox is connected with a driving wheel; the driving wheel is connected with a driven wheel; the driven wheel is connected with a pressurization device; the pressurization device is connected with a oil discharge buffer tank and an oil storage tank; respectively; the oil discharge buffer tank is connected with a hydraulic generator; the pressurization device includes a transmission 10 main body provided with several hydraulic cylinders; a crankshaft is arranged in the transmission main body; the crankshaft passes through the transmission main body and is ﬁxedly connected with the driven wheel; the crankshaft is provided with a connection rod; the connection rod is hinged with piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders; each hydraulic cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet; an oil feed guide pipe 15 for communication is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil storage tank; an oil discharge guide pipe for communication is arranged between the oil outlet and the oil discharge buffer tank; and the oil feed guide pipe and the oil discharge guide pipe are both provided with check valves.

Description

HYDRAULIC AND HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION DEVICE

TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation, specifically to a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device.

BACKGROUND ART

[02] In hydroelectric power, water with potential energy at a higher location in, for example, rivers and lakes 1s made to flow to a lower location, and the potential energy in the water is converted into kinetic energy of a hydroturbine; the hydroturbine is then used as prime power to push a generator to generate electric energy. In a sense, hydroelectric power generation is a process in which the potential energy of water is converted into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. Based on the natural condition, i.e, the height of water, scientists effectively use fluid engineering, mechanical physics, etc., and carefully match them to achieve the largest power generation volume, so that people can use cheap and pollution-free electricity. Therefore, existing hydroelectric generating sets have high requirements for selection of installation positions.

[03] China has rich water resources, and rivers and lakes are widely distributed.

However, most of areas where rivers flow in China have gently topography. The flow velocity of rivers in their natural state cannot promote the operation of the hydroelectric generating sets. For the development and utilization of the water resources, it is often necessary to build dams to store water. Artificial participation increases the potential energy of the flowing water to promote the generating set to generate power. However, the cost is huge in this process. The natural environment will be destroyed. It is impossible to carry out massive constructions. This measure cannot be popularized, and the water resources are not fully utilized.

SUMMARY

[04] For the problems in the existing art, a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device provided by the present disclosure can be applied to natural rivers, ditches, drainage openings of sewage treatment plants, and other areas with low water flow velocity. Meanwhile, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are used to simultaneously supply oil and pressure, which realizes low-speed, high-pressure, and high-flow oil supplying of hydraulic pumps. The device has the characteristics of low initial power, high conversion efficiency, and large application range. Hydropower resources can be fully used, and natural resources are well protected.

[05] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present disclosure is as follows.

[06] A hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device includes a water wheel.

The water wheel is connected with a gearbox; the gearbox is connected with a driving wheel; the driving wheel is connected with a driven wheel; the driven wheel is connected with a pressurization device; the pressurization device is connected with a oil discharge buffer tank and an oil storage tank, respectively; the oil discharge buffer tank is connected with a hydraulic generator,

[07] the pressurization device includes a transmission main body; a crankshaft is arranged in the transmission main body; one end of the crankshaft passes through the transmission main body and is fixedly connected with the driven wheel; the crankshaft is at least provided with a fixedly mounted connection rod; the connection rod is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder;

[08] the hydraulic cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet; an oil feed guide pipe for communication is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil storage tank; an oil discharge guide pipe for communication is arranged between the oil outlet and the oil discharge buffer tank; and the oil feed guide pipe and the oil discharge guide pipe are both provided with check valves.

[09] Preferably, the oil inlet includes an upper oil inlet and a lower oil inlet; the oil outlet includes an upper oil outlet and a lower oil outlet; the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet are located at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder; the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet are located at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder; and four check valves are provided.

[10] Preferably, an outer sleeve is arranged on an outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder; the outer sleeve is fixedly mounted on the transmission main body; the outer sleeve is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, a main oil inlet, and a main oil outlet; the main oil inlet communicates with the oil inlet through the check valve; the main oil outlet communicates with the oil outlet through the check valve; the water inlet is connected with a water storage tank; and the water outlet is connected with a recycling tank.

[11] Preferably, the end of the transmission main body connected with the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a slideway; and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves in the slideway, so as to improve the stability of operation of the hydraulic cylinder.

[12] Preferably, an end of the transmission main body close to the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a lubrication hole; one end of the lubrication hole communicates with the slideway, the other end of the lubrication hole is connected with an oil pump; the oil pump is connected with a lubrication oil tank; the recycling tank is arranged below the slideway; the recycling tank communicates with the lubrication oil tank; and a filter net is arranged between the recycling tank and the lubrication oil tank.

[13] Preferably, the oil discharge buffer tank 6 is composed of a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner shell (not shown); a space between the rigid outer shell and the flexible inner shell is filled with buffer gas; an oil discharge guide pipe buffers hydraulic oil through the oil discharge buffer tank 6 and then conveys the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic generator 8; and the oil discharge buffer tank is used for balancing the pressure caused by the oil discharge volume and preventing loss of the hydraulic generator due to an extremely high oil pressure.

[14] The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects.

[15] 1. In the present disclosure, acceleration is realized through the gearbox, a deceleration 1s then realized through the driven wheel and the driving wheel. This can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the working efficiency of the hydraulic generator is affected by low flow of hydraulic oil due to low water flow and low rotation speed of the water wheel. Meanwhile, the rotation speed of the gearbox can be adjusted according to the flow velocity of the water flow so that the generator achieves the best working state.

[16] 2. In the present disclosure, two sets of oil inlets and oil outlets which are independent of each other are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder so that oil will be fed and discharged twice in one stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, and the working efficiency of the hydraulic cylinder is improved.

[17] 3. In the present disclosure, by means of arranging a plurality of hydraulic cylinders on the transmission main body, the hydraulic cylinder has the characteristics of low speed, high pressure, and high flow in the power generation process, and the working efficiency of the generator can be effectively improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[18] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device of the present disclosure;

[19] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressurization device of a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device of the present disclosure;

[20] FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a pressurization device of a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device of the present disclosure; and

[21] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic cylinder of a hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device of the present disclosure.

[22] In the drawings: 1: water wheel; 2: gearbox; 3: driving wheel; 4: driven wheel; 5: pressurization device; 6: oil discharge buffer tank; 7: oil storage tank; 8: hydraulic generator; 9: transmission main body; 10: hydraulic cylinder; 11: crankshaft; 12: connection rod; 13: upper oil outlet; 14: upper oil inlet; 15: lower oil outlet; 16: lower oil inlet; 17: oil feed guide pipe; 18: oil discharge guide pipe; 19: check valve; 20: outer sleeve; 21: water inlet; 22: water outlet; 23: main oil inlet; 24: main oil outlet; 25: slideway.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[23] In order to facilitate understandings of those skilled in the art, the present disclosure 1s further described below in combination with the accompanying drawings. 5 |24] A hydraulic and hydroelectric power generation device as shown in FIG. 1 includes a water wheel 1. The water wheel 1 is connected with a gearbox 2; the gearbox 2 is connected with a driving wheel 3; the driving wheel 3 is connected with a driven wheel 4; the driven wheel 4 1s connected with a pressurization device 5; the pressurization device 5 is connected with a oil discharge buffer tank 6 and an oil storage tank 7, respectively; the oil storage tank 7 is fixedly mounted on the pressurization device 5, which is favorable for increasing the space utilization rate; the oil discharge buffer tank 6 is connected with a hydraulic generator 8;

[25] the pressurization device includes a transmission main body 9; a crankshaft 11 is arranged in the transmission main body 9; one end of the crankshaft 11 passes through the transmission main body 9 and is fixedly connected with the driven wheel 4; the crankshaft 11 is at least provided with a fixedly mounted connection rod 12; the connection rod 12 is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder 10;

[26] the hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet; an oil feed guide pipe 17 for communication is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil storage tank 7; an oil discharge guide pipe 18 for communication is arranged between the oil outlet and the oil discharge buffer tank 6; and the oil feed guide pipe 17 and the oil discharge guide pipe 18 are both provided with check valves 19.

[27] As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, an outer sleeve 20 is arranged on an outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder 10; the outer sleeve 20 is fixedly mounted on the transmission main body 9; the outer sleeve 20 is provided with a water inlet 21, a water outlet 22, a main oil inlet 23, and a main oil outlet 24; the main oil inlet 23 communicates with the oil inlet through the check valve 19; the main oil outlet 24 communicates with the oil outlet through the check valve 19; the water inlet 21 is connected with a water storage tank; and the water outlet 22 is connected with a recycling tank. The outer sleeve 20 is matched with the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 to realize cooling of the hydraulic cylinder 10. The end of the transmission main body 9 connected with the hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with a slideway 25. A piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10 moves in the slideway 25, so as to improve the stability of operation of the hydraulic cylinder 10. An end of the transmission main body 9 close to the hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with a lubrication hole; one end of the lubrication hole communicates with the slideway 25; the other end of the lubrication hole is connected with an oil pump; the oil pump is connected with a lubrication oil tank; the recycling tank 1s arranged below the slideway 25; the recycling tank communicates with the lubrication oil tank; and a filter net is arranged between the recycling tank and the lubrication oil tank. The slideway 25 is lubricated to relieve the friction between the slideway 25 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10.

[28] As shown in FIG. 4, the oil inlet includes an upper oil inlet 14 and a lower oil inlet 16; the oil outlet includes an upper oil outlet 13 and a lower oil outlet 15; the upper oil inlet 14 and the upper oil outlet 13 are located at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder 10; the lower oil inlet 16 and the lower oil outlet 15 are located at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder 10; and four check valves 19 are provided. Two sets of oil inlets and oil outlets which are independent of each other are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder 10 so that oil will be fed and discharged twice in one stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 10, and the working efficiency of the hydraulic cylinder 10 1s improved.

[29] During working, the water wheel 1 is mounted at a water flowing place such as a natural river, a ditch, and a drainage port of a sewage treatment plant. Water flow provides power to the rotation of the water wheel 1, and the water wheel 1 drives the gearbox 2 to work to increase the rotation speed of an output shaft. The rotation speed of the crankshaft 11 is decreased by means of the driven wheel 4 and the driving wheel 3, and the crankshaft and connection rod structure drives the hydraulic cylinder 10 to move. The hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with the two sets of oil inlets and oil outlets which are independent of each other and are respectively located at two ends of a piston of the hydraulic cylinder 10, so that the hydraulic cylinder 10 can continuously pressurize the hydraulic oil twice within one stroke. The use of the oil discharge bufter tank 6 plays a role of balancing the hydraulic oil so that the hydraulic oil can steadily enter the hydraulic generator 8.

[30] The oil discharge buffer tank 6 is composed of a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner shell (not shown); a space between the rigid outer shell and the flexible inner shell is filled with buffer gas; an oil discharge guide pipe buffers hydraulic oil through the oil discharge buffer tank 6 and then conveys the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic generator 8; and the oil discharge buffer tank is used for balancing the pressure caused by the oil discharge volume and preventing loss of the hydraulic generator due to an extremely high oil pressure.

[31] In a force transfer process of the present disclosure, the input power is equal to the output power according to the law of conservation of energy. A power calculation formula:

[32] Pw=F*)

[33] Pw represents power, F represents the size of stress, and V represents a linear speed.

[34] It is known by the formula: in an acceleration process of the gearbox 2, the rotation speed of the output shaft of the gearbox 2 increases, and the stress decreases.

Deceleration is realized by means of the driven wheel 4 and the driving wheel 3.

Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the driven wheel 4 and the driving wheel 3, it is known by the formula: the rotation speed of the crankshaft 11 decreases, and the stress increases. Since the crankshaft 11 drives, by means of the connection rod 12, the hydraulic cylinder 10 to move, the hydraulic cylinder 10 has the characteristics of low speed and high stress.

[35] Acalculation formula for the pressure intensity in the hydraulic cylinder:

[36] P=F'S

[37] P represents the pressure intensity, F represents the size of pressure, and S represents a stressed area.

[38] It is known by formula: When the stressed area is constant, the pressure intensity is in direction proportion to the size of pressure. The hydraulic cylinder 10 has the characteristics of low speed and high stress. Therefore, the hydraulic oil has the characteristics of low speed and high pressure. Moreover, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 10 are connected to the hydraulic generator 8, which can effectively increase the overall flow of the hydraulic generator 8 and improve the power generation efficiency of the hydraulic generator 8.

[39] The above content is merely an example and description of the structure of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art make various changes or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or depart from the scope defined by the claims, and the changes or additions shall all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

Conclusions

CLAIMS 1. Apparatus for generating hydraulic and hydroelectric power, comprising a water wheel, the water wheel being connected to a gear box; wherein the gearbox is connected to a drive wheel; wherein the drive wheel is connected to a driven wheel; wherein the driven wheel is connected to a pressure control device; wherein the pressure control device is respectively connected to an oil discharge buffer tank and an oil storage tank; wherein the oil discharge buffer tank is connected to a hydraulic generator; wherein the pressure control device comprises a transmission main body; wherein a crank shaft is arranged in the transmission main body; wherein one end of the crankshaft passes through the transmission main body and is fixedly connected to the driven wheel; wherein the crankshaft is provided with at least one permanently mounted connecting rod; wherein the connecting rod is pivotally connected to a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder having an oil inlet and an oil outlet; wherein the oil supply conduit for connection is arranged between the oil inlet and the oil storage tank; wherein an oil discharge guide pipe is arranged for connection between the oil outlet and the oil discharge buffer tank; and wherein the oil supply guide pipe and the oil discharge guide pipe are both provided with check valves.

The hydraulic and hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oil inlet includes an upper oil inlet and a lower oil inlet; wherein the oil outlet comprises an upper oil outlet and a lower oil outlet; wherein the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet are located at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder; wherein the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet are located at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder; and wherein four check valves are provided.

The hydraulic and hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an outer sleeve is arranged on an outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder; the outer sleeve being fixedly mounted on the transmission

main body; the outer sleeve having a water inlet, a water outlet, a main oil inlet and a main oil outlet; wherein the main oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet through the check valve; wherein the main oil outlet is connected to the oil outlet through the check valve; the water inlet is connected to a water storage tank; and wherein the water outlet is connected to a recycling tank.

The hydraulic and hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the end of the transmission main body connected to the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a chute; and wherein a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves in the chute.