MXPA99008227A - Absorbent item - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an absorbent item comprising a liquid-permeable layer (18) which faces the body when the item is in use, a liquid-impermeable layer (20) which faces away from the body when the item is in use, and an absorbent element positioned between said liquid-permeable layer (18) and said liquid-impermeable layer (20). This absorbent element contains an absorbent material (32) which remains free-flowing even after contact with a liquid. The invention also relates to an absorbent item which has a liquid-impermeable layer which faces away from the body when the item is in use and an absorbent element which is surrounded by a liquid-permeable layer, said absorbent element containing a material which remains free-flowing and absorbent even after contact with a liquid. The absorbent element is joined to the liquid-impermeable layer in a central area of said layer.

Description

ABSORBENT ARTICLE Description The present invention relates to an absorbent article.

Absorbent articles for single use have been known for many years. They find application, for example, as feminine compresses, linings for panties, diapers for children or incontinence garments. These single-use absorbent articles have in common the understanding of a cap permeable to liquids that in its use is directed towards the body of the user, a layer that for the situation c use is directed in the opposite direction to the body of user and that is liquid impervious, and which further comprises an intermediate layer between the aforementioned liquid storage pairs. The intermediate liquid storage layer can be made, for example, by fibrous cellulosic materials.

It has been observed as a drawback of the single-use absorbent articles of known type, that the purely cellulosic material layers as a function of liquid storage material are limited in their reception capacity. Likewise, the capacity of liquid retention after receipt of a liquid intake is not very high in case of cellulosic material. Finally, the deformed cellulosic materials maintain the shape they have adopted, which is often not very pleasant for the user of the absorbent article. When reference is made to this description to the user, both male and female users will be understood.

In addition, single-use absorbent articles containing superabsorbent material layers as storage layers are known. The superabsorbent materials are able to absorb a multiple of their sec weight of a given liquid and to maintain their determined shape even under the action of a certain pressure. Super-absorbent materials are known, for example, from EP-A-0339461.

One difficulty in the use of superabsorbent material in the liquid storage layer for absorbent articles is that the superabsorbent materials, upon receiving the action of the liquid, experience an increase in volume, that is, they "swell". This leads to the fact that the absorbent article is deformed and the user comfort is decreased. Also, the individual component parts of the superabsorbent material tend to stick to the case of receiving the action of a liquid, which leads to a strong reduction of the theoretically possible possibility of absorption of liquids (the so-called "blocking by gel formation"). "Blocking by gel formation" is the cause of a limited distribution of liquids that have entered the absorbent article. In the case of a large liquid inlet, this can have as a consequence that the liquid n can be admitted completely in the absorbent article although theoretically sufficient storage capacity is available, for which reason the user of the article receives a sensation of humidity and, therefore, lack of hygiene of the skin and, in addition, there is a danger of soiling the user's clothes. Finally, the absorbent article by the effect of "blocking by gel action" can be permanently deformed, so that the comfort of using the article decreases even more.

It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to provide absorbent articles that do not have the drawbacks of currently known articles. This objective is achieved in the present invention by means of the absorbent article disclosed in the independent claims 1 and 2. Further advantageous provisions, details and aspects of the present invention result from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

The present invention relates, according to a first aspect thereof, to an absorbent article, which has a liquid-permeable layer directed towards the body part of the wearer and a liquid-impermeable layer directed into a housing with respect to the body part. to the user body. Between these two layers is an absorbent body, which absorbs the liquid that accesses the absorbent article through the liquid permeable layer. The absorbent body of the absorbent article object of the invention is characterized in that it contains an absorbent material that continues to have the capacity to irrigate the liquids even after receiving a liquid. By means of this new constitution, on the one hand, an optimum adaptation of the absorbent article to the individual shape of the user's body is achieved, which considerably increases the comfort of use. Furthermore, it is also achieved, by the technical solution of the present invention, that the functionality of the article can be maintained even in the situation of deformation thereof.

A specific provision of the absorbent article according to the present invention according to the first aspect d thereof, allows to achieve an embodiment in which the upper layer permeable to fluids presents a fold or grooves in the longitudinal direction. These folds are arranged in such a way that the liquid-permeable layer partially envelops the absorbent body even on the face which, when using the garment, is directed away or away from the body of the wearer. This is achieved, on the one hand, because the absorbent body is not completely covered in its entirety by the "lower face" by the cap arranged below it, if not only in a narrow central zone. On the other hand, in the liquid-permeable layer two folds are made which contact with the housing in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article also partly by the lower part or face. By this arrangement it will be achieved that the absorbent body weighs of the incorporation between the back layer d liquid impervious coating, and the upper layer d liquid permeable coating remains flexible and sucessfully adapts to the anatomical characteristics of the user.

When the liquid-permeable liquid-permeable layers are joined in the edge areas to each other in such a way that a completely closed inner space is produced, then the absorbent body can be made of a loose material, with displacement capability. with respect to itself, which remains even after the inflow of liquid with irrigation capacity, so that the material can move freely in the entire internal space.

According to another additional aspect, the invention relates to an absorbent article having a liquid impervious layer which in the use of the article is remote from the user's body and an absorbent body surrounded by a liquid-permeable envelope which contains a Absorbent material that after receiving a liquid inlet remains with irrigation capacity, so that the absorbent body is joined to the layer of liquid impervious material in a central part thereof. In this case, it is not necessary for the absorbent body and the liquid-permeable material layer to be directly in contact When there are one or more other layers arranged on the liquid-impervious cap, the absorbent body is fixed on the upper face of the liquid. the top layer.

Another aspect of the invention relates to an absorbent article whose absorbent body is made of an absorbent material, which consists of polymethylene (PMH). This absorbent article may have a layer which, in the use of the article, is directed towards the user's body, which is permeable to liquids, as well as a cap impervious to liquids, which in the use of the prend is far from the user's body. , so that the absorbent body is disposed between the liquid permeable cap and the liquid impervious layer. However, alternative arrangements can also be envisaged, which, with respect to the aspect described above, do not have a liquid-permeable upper cover layer and instead incorporate only the PMH material in a liquid-permeable envelope.

This new concept departs from the constructions known for the fact that a. part, preferably the main part of the absorbent component, comprises a granular material, possibly constituted by small spheres. The absorbent material is constituted in such a way that it remains during its use with an ability to irrigate with liquids even after receiving a liquid inlet. Preferably, the absorbent material remains irrigable until an inlet of liquid amounts to at least 10 ml / g of the material. In this way, an optimal adaptation to the shape of the user's body is possible, while making possible the different movements and types of load of the same. That is to say, the absorbent body "flows" and can be slightly deformed by the lateral load or by a lateral pressure of the thigh or pressure produced by this effect, so that the absorbent material will be deposited in the areas that are not very requested or will be compressed in them. By removing the load or pressure, the compressed particles can recover the starting position and will be available again for the reception of liquids. On the other hand, by means of this movement, some particles can be positioned again and, therefore, a certain capacity of absorption as well as storage capacity which had not been used until that moment can be used. Whenever we speak of this description of "absorbent body", a "storage body" will also be understood.

By means of the absorbent body acting simultaneously as a storage layer and containing the absorbent material, even after receiving a permanent liquid inlet with irrigation capacity, the following advantageous characteristics of the absorbent material according to the invention are achieved.

Rapid replenishment of liquids (good penetration in the material with irrigation capacity and good wetting of the material), Good liquid retention (the liquid was enclosed even after being subjected to a certain charge), Good absorption capacity (absorbed practically without volume increase), Suppression of material agglomerations in the fluid inlets, Optimal adaptation to the individual characteristics of the body, Great softness of the article, together with a high comfort for the user, Very satisfactory liquid transport and good liquid distribution, Absence of caking or "accumulation", such as occurs in absorbent bodies based on cellulosic matter.

Particularly, in an absorbent article according to the invention, in accordance with the second aspect indicated above, an optimal coupling to the anatomical characteristics is achieved in the adaptation of the article, since the absorbent body with envelope is practically "free", that is to say , n is separated from the body of the user by a layer of liquid permeable material surrounding the entire article. The liquids that are released by the body can be received directly at the place of departure, being conducted to other parts or stored.

The connection between the liquid impermeable backsheet and the absorbent body surrounded by a layer of permanent material to the liquids, can take place by any method known in this art. It has been shown favorable in the machine manufacture of the article object of the invention, for example a union achieved by an adhesive product. However, the back layer and the casing can be connected to each other, for example, by stitching, so that, of course, the liquid-tight back cap must not be damaged in such a way that the liquid can go through it.

Furthermore, it has been favorably shown that the absorbent article according to the invention has a layer of soft material on the layer of the liquid impervious material disposed on the far side with respect to the user body acting as a secondary storage element. This added layer increases additionally the comfort of absorbent article for the user. Furthermore, this additional layer can not store liquid that has not been received by the main absorbent body, so naturally the total storage capacity of the additional layer is very small in comparison with the absorbent body itself. Suitable materials for said additional layer are the so-called conforms (blends of polypropylene and cellulosic fibers) materials formed by pneumatic means (mixtures of synthetic fiber-cellulosic fibers) and non-woven materials, for example, extruded non-woven materials or carded weaved materials. .

According to another additional aspect of the present invention, the material with absorptive capacity, which remains capable of irrigation, even after receiving the action of a liquid, can be incorporated in a matrix of fibrous material. In this case, the material can be mixed homogeneously in the fiber matrix, so that the components of the material, which also remains co-irrigated after a liquid intake, are regularly distributed over the structure of the material. fiber and are incorporated in it. As an alternative to this, the absorbent body can also have a constitution and form of layers, so that the material with absorption capacity, which remains with ability to irrigate inclus after receiving a liquid intakeThe sandwich shape is incorporated between two or more layers of the fiber material. Finally, additional material with absorption capacity can be incorporated into the sandwich structure described in the fiber layer, which also remains afterwards. a liquid inlet, with irrigation capacity. The materials especially suitable as fibrous materials for the indicated applications are the cellulosic materials which comprise a mixture of cellulosic material and polypropylene, ie a material called "coformido". By means of the fiber material an even better distribution of the liquid in the absorbent article according to the invention will be achieved, since the fibers have a certain absorption capacity and can transport the liquid in a directional manner. The ratio of absorbent material, which remains with the capacity of liquid irrigation even after an entry of the same, the fiber material is preferably from 1 - 25% by weight to 99 - 75% by weight and, in particular, from 10 - 15% by weight up to 90-85% by weight. According to another additional aspect of the invention, the absorbent body can comprise, in addition to the absorbent material, which has the characteristic of continuing its capacity to irrigate with liquid even after receiving an inlet of liquid, at least one treatment substance retained by adsorption. For this purpose, substances that protect the skin of the user of the absorbent article object of the invention are appropriate in the first line. Suitable substances are, for example, extracts of Aloe Vera, marigold flowers (Calendula) and / or chamomile (Matricaria).

It is especially advantageous if the treatment substances are included in the form of microcapsules. These microcapsules can be mixed with the absorbent material, that is to say, the material which has the characteristic of retaining its irrigability even after it has received a liquid inlet. The envelope of the microcapsules must be constituted in such a way that, if the absorbent article according to the invention is used, they rupture, they burst and the substance or substances are released. Such breakage can take place, for example, by heat, friction pressure. The microencapsulation of substances is known, for example, in the graphic industries, for a long time.

A particularly suitable material that can be used in the absorbent body or in the liquid storage body of the absorbent article object of the invention is polymethyleneurea (PMH) with a determined particle structure. The PMH remains capable of irrigation even after an entry of a liquid such as urine or menstrual blood flow. The manufacture of polymethyleneurea has been known for a long time and can be achieved, for example, by acid catalyzed gelation of a urea-formaldehyde solution or of a urea-formaldehyde concentrate diluted with ag as described, for example, in the work of Renne Makromolekulare Chemie 149, 1 (1971). Furthermore, it is described, for example, in DE-AS-1907914 the production of fine particulate aminourea materials based on urea-formaldehyde condensates by acid-catalyzed polycondensation in an aqueous medium.

By appropriate conduction of the subsequent process and / or granulation, the desired dimensions and particles spectrum can be achieved. The shape of the particles can also be controlled in such a way that particles of spherical shape are particularly suitable according to the invention. The dimensions of preferred particles that can be used in the absorbent articles according to the present invention have dimensions of 2 mm, especially less than 0. mm. These are ranges of preferred dimensions from 100 to 2000 μm (0.1 to mm), especially from 200 to 800 μm (0.2 to 0.8 mm).

In the use of pH polymers with liquid irrigation capacity in the absorbent article, according to the present invention, it is important that during the use of the article substances harmful to health can not be generated. In what is referred to herein as polycondensation with acid, formaldehyde and urea catalyst in the aqueous medium to obtain polymethyleneurea, byproducts comprising ether groups can be generated. In the event that a commercial material containing PMH is checked for formaldehyde content, these side products containing ether groups can be fractionated and can lead to a positive reaction in a test with respect to formaldehyde. The development of the reaction can be indicated formally, as indicated below (according to ob Saechtling, Kunststoff-Taschenbuch, 26. edition, Cari Hanse Verlag, München, Wien (1995)).

Urea formaldehyde Dimethylolurea NH - CH2 - OH NH2 NH, NK - CH, - NH NH,! I 1"C = 0 C = 0 C = 0" - C = O C = O C = 0 t 2H20 I I I NH2 NH2 HO - CH2 - • NH NH2 NH - CH2 - ÑH Precondensate (precondensing) CH, - CH2 - Acid = 0 = 0 - N CH, Lp, N - CH, - N - CH, I C = 0 - CH, CH, N Cp, rtuu, N i = 0 C! N CH, CH, N CH, - N - "2 = or C = 0 Uun, - CH, K - Pol me ilénurea As can be seen from the scheme of formulas above, in the transformation of urea and formaldehyde in dependence on The stoichiometric ratio of the reagents produces monomethylolurea (urea ratio, formaldehyde 1: 1) or dimethylolurea (urea ratio, formaldehyde 1: 2). For intermediate proportions between the values 1: 1 and 1: 2, both products are partially formed. of reaction (monomethylolurea, dimethylolurea) The reaction products, under the chosen reaction conditions (basic medium, temperature between 50 and 100 ° C) with water separation, produce a precondensate, the precondensate will be cross-linked subsequently by catalysis with acids in polymethyleneurea.

In the process that has been described, in addition to the pure polymethyleneurea, a small part of polymethyleneurea is also generated, which has ether groups, as shown in the following group of formulas: < - ether group F »For use in the absorbent articles according to the invention, it is advantageous to use materials that have the least possible number of ether bridges, ideally, none.

Therefore, it is especially favorable, according to the present invention, to use a pilidimetilenure material free of ether groups as an absorbent and storage material that remains liquid-irrigating in the absorbent article. A process of previously known synthesis, in which urea and formaldehyde are transformed in an addition reaction in a precondensate and in which, generally, by polycondensation with acid catalyst produces the polymethyleneurea material, the process according to the invention is carried out in a that after the polycondensation phase of the material being separated, it is washed with an acid, preferably in a pH range comprised between 1 and 2. Only continuation of the washing step with additional acid, a treatment with an agent can take place called "formaldehyde uptake". In this way, a polydimethyleneurea free from ether groups or free from a formaldehyde group can be obtained.

The polydimethylenurea in the form of particles can be manufactured, for example, by the following process a solution in 30% formalin, urea, as well as, in desired cases, additives (for example, protective colloids) or precondensation in a container closed, with agitation. The temperature in the stirring vessel is maintained between 70 and 90 ° C and the pH value between 8 and 9. The manufacture of the precondensate is finished after a time between 30 and 90 minutes. The precondensate is then treated with acid, for example, with hydrochloric acid, citric acid or sulfamic acid, in a catalytic treatment. The PH value of the acid used is preferably between 1 and 2. The precipitated polymethyleneurea product can, however, still contain ether group. For elimination of said ether groups, the polymethyleneurea was again treated with an acid, for example one of the aforementioned acids, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, sulfamic acid with a pH comprised between 1 and 2. The precipitate of PMH is then washed with a neutral liquid and then with one of the so-called formaldehyde scavengers such as, for example, sodium sulfite triethanolamine or a copolymer of Urea-Formaldehyde. then a washing and drying of the material obtained is carried out again, for example, at a temperature of 100-110 ° C. Subsequently, another subsequent treatment may be carried out, such as, for example, a certain granulation. The granulation can be promoted by the use of natural substances such as, for example, cellulose, starch or its derivatives.

The granulated PMH material obtained from this mod is free of ether groups and, therefore, is extremely suitable for use in absorbent articles, since it is a material especially pur that does not contain or generate harmful substances or irritating substances. for the skin .

In addition to the PMH material, other materials can also be included in the absorbent body of the absorbent article. The composition of material can be chosen such that the functions indicated can be performed by one material or can be distributed in several different materials. These materials can be superabsorbents, superabsorbent materials in the form of particles, superabsorbent fibers, zeolites, fibers of cellulosic materials, fibers of cellulose wool or synthetic fibers of different lengths, polystyrene, etc.

With respect to the properties of the polymethyleneurea particles should be observed, moreover, that these particles have a structure similar to zeolite, and therefore also act in a similar way as a zeolite. Zeolites are commonly used in hygienic articles with odor scavengers. When PMH material is used as a liquid absorber or as a storage for liquids, the use of zeolites for the odor capture can be dispensed with, which means another additional advantage of the absorbent article object of the invention. The PMH also has advantages in terms of the amounts of absorbent material to be used. In comparison, for example, with the absorption power of cellulosic fibers, PMH s is more than twice as effective as cellulosic fibers. Also the costs for an absorbent body containing PMH are significantly lower than the corresponding costs for an absorbent body. based on cellulosic fibers. In comparison with the polyacrylates that are usable with superabsorbents, the costs for the PMH are of the same order of magnitude as for a cellulosic material.

Below are the results of the measurement of the adsorption investigations carried out on polyethyleneurea materials (Lot designation P 124), polyethyleneurea / polyacrylate mixture material (designation d Lot P 124 + AK) and polyacrylate (designation of Lot AK) . The characteristics indicated in Table 1 were determined by means of a tensiometer K121 from Krüss.

Table 1 In the second column of Table 1 the corresponding wetting angle d of the material object of the investigation has been indicated. In the third column of Table 1 the rate of rise of the material is indicated, the rise or rise height having been calculated in the form of an increase in the weight of the material As can be seen in Table 1, fourth column, it can also be seen that 100% of P124 has a maximum water absorption capacity of 16.1 g / g of material. A mixture of 97% of P124 and 3% of AK increases the maximum water absorption capacity by 20.3 g / g and when 3% of P124 is additionally replaced by AK decreases the value again by 15.5 g / g. All the values indicated show that the corresponding materials are suitable for use in absorbent bodies for the manufacture of absorbent articles The maximum water absorption capacity of the corresponding materials has been determined under conditions in which an increase was not possible of volume for the materials, that is, its swelling was prevented. This clarifies the extraordinarily small water absorption capacity of 1.6 g / g of the polyacrylate material.

The polymethyleneurea material P124 retains irrigation capacity up to a water reception of 10.5 g / g. Only when a value of 10.5 g / g is exceeded does the material begin to agglomerate slightly until a value of 12.8 g / g is reached. For water inlets that exceed 12.8 g / g, a structure of the disaggregated material is presented, which at 18.8 g / g has a pasty and fluid consistency. On the contrary, it was possible to determine the capacity of irrigation in pure polyacrylate material (AK) since this material, given the lower water content, gels and agglomerates in a sticky way or adheres to the walls of the body. container.

We observed effects of light swelling of the material and appearance of blocking effects by gelling in mixtures of PMH / polyacrylate with 95: 5 ratios. The greater the part of polyacrylate in the mixture, the stronger the effect of swelling and blocking by gelation. For pure polymethylurea P124 it was observed, even for strong water absorption, that there was no swelling, ie no increase in volume. Finally, loads produced by pressure materials of PMH and polyacrylate with the maximum water load were subjected. While it was not possible to produce water outlet of the PMH subjected to pressure, the polyacrylate subjected to a strong pressure resulted in the separation of water.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a better ability to avoid the production of unpleasant odors in the use of the absorbent articles. In accordance with the invention, they can be provided or incorporated into absorbent material, which has the characteristic of ur. capacity of residual irrigation after a liquid entry, bactericides, fungicides and / or viricides joined by adsorption or otherwise immobilized. If cor is used Absorbent material, for example, PMH, this presents the aforementioned structure of zeolitic type, ie the material has, in addition to its external surface, a gra internal surface that can rise between 10 and 700 m2 / g. For this it is important that the bactericidal, viricidal fungicides remain immobilized on the absorbent material since the release of the substances of the absorbent article can lead to irritations of the user's skin With respect to the unpleasant odors in the use of the absorbent articles., they are responsible, first of all, the transformation product with microorganisms, that is, the production of odors can be reduced effectively or it can be prevented when the growth and / or multiplication of microorganisms is reduced or they can be exterminated. With the especially indicated substance, a damping and a reduction of the growth of the microorganisms is possible so that in addition to the good characteristics of preventing the generation of odors that the PMH material presents, the formation of odors can be prevented in an additional way by the use additional of the bactericidal, fungicidal and viricidal substances that have been indicated, which provides for the user of an absorbent article, according to the invention, a greater security against unwanted side effects.

Mention may be made, as bactericidal substances, for example, chlorinated levulinic acid and alkyldimethyl-benzylammonium halide.

In addition to the absorbent body, which has components capable of irrigation even after a liquid intake, the absorbent body can also present other zones or components. In this case, the part of absorbent body containing the material with irrigation capacity is preferably formed in the form of at least one part or core area, whose length 1 is less than the length L of the absorbent article and whose width b is less than the width B of said absorbent article.

The absorbent body can be bonded to the layer disposed below it over the entire matching surface, for example, by means of an adherent product. However, it may also be sufficient to join only one part of the absorbent body with the layer that remains below. In this case, several different embodiments are possible, for example, fastening by strips, in which the absorbent body is fixed by strips of material adherent to the layer below. It should be generally emphasized that the surface or part of the surface on which the absorbent body is attached to the layer below is smaller than the surface or part of the surface 1 x b. The length is the union of the absorbent body / layer below it is in this case, less than or equal to the length 1 and the width ß d the absorbent body / layer below it is smaller than the width b.

The absorbent body may comprise a chamber or may be divided into several partial chambers which are completely separated from one another or which can communicate with each other, so that, in this case, in the action of loading pressure on the chamber, the particles are can also divert to an adjacent camera.

In case the absorbent material, and / or the core material of said absorbent material is divided into several chambers, the existing separation walls may run longitudinally and / or in the transverse direction c with respect to the absorbent article. By means of a longitudinal or transverse wall, for example, a division into d sub-chambers takes place. Two longitudinal walls would provide a disposition in the form of three chambers and in case it also had a transverse wall, the absorbent body the core element would be divided into six chambers.

In this case, a camera can be filled to 100% with an absorbent material. However, it has also been shown to be satisfactory that not all the material in the chamber containing the material remaining in the irrigation capacity remains even after a liquid inlet. Thus, for example, the filling of a chamber with absorbent material can be carried out up to 50-100%, preferably 6 90% and especially 80%. If the absorbent body is constituted in several chambers, corresponding pre-filled filling quantities are valid for the individual cams. When less than 60% of a chamber has been filled, it is additionally advantageous for the calls to be arranged within the individual chambers " Irrigation barriers ", which prevent the entire absorbent material from accumulating in a corner of the chamber. It is also possible, as mentioned above, for the separation walls of individual chambers to have small openings, so that a limited exchange of material between the individual chambers can also take place, ie the individual chambers can communicate with each other An incomplete filling of a chamber contains a swelling material such as, for example, superabsorbent.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in case there are several chambers that constitute the absorbent body, these can be filled with different materials.

Thus, for example, in a constitution of an absorbent bodyWith three chambers, in which the separating walls can be arranged longitudinally or transversely with respect to the absorbent article, the central chamber can be filled with PMH or with a mixture of PMH / superabsorbent, while the chambers arranged laterally (in the case of longitudinal separators) or the chambers arranged at the front and at the rear (in the case of transversal walls) can be filled with superabsorbents.

When mixtures are used, for example, of superabsorbent PMH, it should be taken into account that these mixtures do not separate, since this could lead to the fact that the full absorption or storage potential of the material could not be used, that is to say, that the so-called "inactive or dead matter" could be generated.

The present invention thus achieves an absorbent article that is optimally adapted to the body contour. The articles are characterized, furthermore, because upon receipt of an influx of liquid into the appropriate absorbent materials there is no volume increase, that is, they do not "swell." Finally, the articles according to the present invention can absorb liquids optimally even after have been deformed.

The absorbent articles according to the invention are also optimally adapted to the body environment of the user. The articles can be brought close to the body (anatomical notch to the body), which has the advantage that a liquid outlet of the body can be immediately absorbed, so that there is no sensation of wetness on the skin on the part of the body. of the user. The feeling of drying on the user's skin is also achieved when the absorbent material is arranged centrally in the desired manner in the absorbent article according to the invention. Finally, the disposition of the absorbent article according to the invention also allows In case of a feminine compress, its ends may be extremely thin, which allows a discreet use of the corresponding article.

In addition to the indicated element designated as an absorbent body and simultaneously acting as a liquid storage layer (ie, primary storage), the absorbent article according to the invention may also have an additional storage layer (indicated as a secondary storage). This additional storage layer is constituted, preferably laminar, between the housing and the liquid-impermeable layer of the face remote from the body. In this case, the material constituting the additional storage layer can also act as an absorbent material to achieve a better distribution of the liquid. This additional storage layer is not intended only for "emergencies", when for any reason the limits of absorbent body capacity (primary storage) are exceeded. Suitable materials for said additional storage layer (secondary storage) are, for example, formed or cellulose materials, mixtures of cellulose fibers (air laying), non-woven materials or cotton and wool tissues.

The absorbent article according to the invention, with the new type of absorbent body, can be used especially in the field of hygiene as an ultra-thin female towel or as a panty lining. In addition, the absorbent article according to the invention can be constituted, for example, in the form of an incontinence garment or as a single-use garment for children.

When the absorbent article is an absorbent article according to the first aspect of the invention, that is to say, it presents a liquid permeable protective layer directed to the wearer's body during its use, below that liquid permeable layer can be disposed. another cover layer d, which has a central opening disposed on the absorbent body (called port hole). Corresponding absorbent articles are known, for example, from the German patent application No. 19640451. This design with the opening port is especially advantageous for feminine hygiene articles.

The absorbent article that has been disclosed in the indicated German patent application can present the following constitution. On the side away from the body in the cap impervious to liquids. Above this liquid impervious layer is a primary storage layer. Above, a secondary storage layer is attached upwards. Above the secondary storage layer is a compensation layer and above the compensation layer there is a cover layer d which has a central opening. A cover layer correspondingly provided with an opening can also be found in the absorbent articles according to the present invention. Finally, the absorbent article, according to the present invention, still contains a liquid-permeable layer remote from the user's body in the use of absorbent article. The secondary storage layer may have at least one compressed zone.

As a material for the secondary storage layer, cellulose is suitable, for example. Local compressed regions in the secondary storage can be achieved, for example, by making slots in the storage material. The storage material located below the engraved grooves is compressed while the grooves themselves act to produce a directed liquid distribution on the storage layer or on the absorbent article.

The coating layer presenting the central aperture is manufactured, for example, by a mixture of cellulose and polymerized alkenes. The corresponding mixtures advantageously contain at least 50% by weight of polymerized alkenes. Very good results are achieved when the proportion of polymerized alkenes amounts to 50-80% by weight, especially 60% by weight. The cover layer d can also be constituted by two layers so that a first layer is constituted by a mixture of cellulose and polymerized alkenes, being disposed on a second support layer of polymerized alkenes, so that the first layer is constituted by means of a mixture of cellulose and polymerized alkenes with the layer which, in the use of the absorbent article, is directed towards the body of the user or which is of liquid impervious characteristics, the second support layer being joined to the compensation cap. Preferred polymerized alkenes are polyethylene, polypropylene and mixtures of polyethylene polypropylene. The cover layer may also contain pigment such as titanium dioxide. The material of the compensation layer is preferably constituted by a nonwoven material. The nonwoven material may contain polymerized alkene and / or bicomponent fibers. Also, the compensation layer may be provided, on the surface directed to the storage layer, of a substance with surface activity which may contain, for example, silicones. The primary storage cap can be constituted, for example, by a UCTAD material (air-dried material in continuous and non-creped form) (non-creped material air-dried), cotton and wool tissue or an alkene polymer. The primary storage layer is advantageously constituted such that its edge areas are folded so that they overlap one another.

Both the liquid-impermeable layer and the liquid-permeable layer may be formed of a polymerized alkene, such as, for example, polyethylene polypropylene or a mixture thereof. For the attachment of absorbent material, according to the invention, a garment can be placed in the layer of liquid impervious material, at least one adhesive element and / or an adhesive layer. In addition, the absorbent article, according to the invention, You can also present side wings.

The invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an absorbent article, according to the invention, in the form of a female toall; Figure 2 is a perspective view of an absorbent article, according to the invention in the form of a female toall, partially in section; Figure 3 is a cross section of an embodiment of the absorbent article according to Figure 1 along Line A-A of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a cross section of a further embodiment of an absorbent article, according to the invention, in the form of a female towel; Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the absorbent article according to Figure 1 along Line B-B of Figure 1; Figure 6 shows, in schematic form, the proportions of length and width of an absorbent article according to the invention and of a corresponding core part of an absorbent element; Figures 7a-z show plan views of shapes that can be adopted by the absorbent body or the core part of the absorbent body of an absorbent article according to the invention; Figures 8a-e show chambers (in the longitudinal direction) of the absorbent body or of the core part of the absorbent body of an absorbent article according to the invention; Figures 8d-f show chambers (in a transverse direction) of the absorbent body or of the core part of the absorbent body of an absorbent article according to the invention; Figure 9 shows chambers (in longitudinal and transverse sense) of the absorbent body or core part of the absorbent body of an article according to the present invention; FIGS. 10A-D show possibilities of shaping the absorbent body or of the core part of the absorbent body of an article according to the present invention FIG. 1A shows the moment of rotation of a polymethyleneurea powder (PMH) during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution (BSS); Figure 11b shows the moment of rotation of a mixture of 8 parts by weight of polymethyleneurea and 1 part by weight of polyacrylate (SAP) during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution; Figure 11c shows the moment of rotation of a mixture of 4 parts by weight of polymethyleneurea and 1 part of more SAP during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution; The figure lid presents the moment of rotation of a mixture of 2 parts of polymethyleneurea mass and 1 part of more SAP during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution; Figure 1 shows the moment of rotation of a mixture of equal parts by mass of polymethyleneurea and S during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution; Figure 1 shows the moment of rotation of a mixture of 1 part by weight of polymethyleneurea and 2 parts by weight of SAP during wetting with an increasing amount of blood substitute solution; Figure 12 shows a diagram representing the maximum moments of rotation of the polymethyleneurea or d different mixtures of polymethyleneurea / SMH in the wetting with blood substitute solution; Figure 13 shows a perspective view of another absorbent article, according to the invention, in the form of a female towel; Figure 14 shows a cross-section of an absorbent article according to Figure 13 along Line IV-IV; Figure 15 shows a perspective view of another absorbent article according to the invention in the form of a female towel; Figure 16 shows a cross-section of an absorbent article according to Figure 15 along the VIVI Line; Figure 17 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the absorbent article in the form of a female towel; Y Figure 18 shows a section of an absorbent article according to Figure 17 along Line II-II.

Figure 19 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the absorbent article according to the invention, in the form of a feminine towel and Figure 20 shows the cross section of the absorbent article according to Figure 19 along the Cutting Line XX-XX.

Although the absorbent articles according to the invention have been represented in detail as feminine towels, it is evident that the present invention is not limited to feminine towels, but that it will include all kinds of absorbent articles.

Figure 1 shows a female towel 10, according to the present invention, which has a front zon 12, an average zone 14 and an end zone 16. The cap 18 impermeable to liquids, which in the use of the female toall 10 is directed towards the wearer's body and the liquid-impervious layer 20 which is directed against or away from the wearer's body, are joined to the edge area 22 of said female towel 10. In longitudinal fashion it extends centrally with with respect to the female toall 10 the absorbent body that has not been represented, which determines that the layer 18, permeable to liquids, was raised in the central part of the female towel co with respect to the rest of the area 12 and the outer zone 16. S can also observe two longitudinal grooves 26 in the area central 24 which, on the one hand, reflect the disposition in the form of chambers of the housing and, on the other hand, act as a means of distributing the liquids in a directed manner in the event of an entry of liquid into the female towel In figure 2 an absorbent article 10 according to the invention has been shown, according to a perspective view and with a partial section. The front area 12, the middle zone 14 and the end area 16 of the article are again observed. The liquid-permeable layer 18 and the liquid-impervious cap 20 (garment protection sheet) are bonded together in the area of the edge 22. The core 28 of the absorbent body of the article according to the invention is arranged in an area central and extends in the longitudinal direction of the article. The core part comprises a cavity 30 (permeable to liquids) made of a woven material. The material 32 is included in the enclosure and still retains irrigation characteristics even after an inlet of a liquid, being constituted in this case by a polymethyleneurea material with particle sizes of between 200 and 800 μm, so that the particles Individuals present fundamentally spherical form. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the envelope 30 is almost completely filled with material 32, which presents no problem since this material does not swell even for a liquid intake, and, therefore, does not s may present the problem of envelope breakage 30.

In the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article 10, the slots 26 extend. The core element casing 30 has tapers 34 which produce a certain partition of the absorbent material 32. The core part is divided, in this case, into a central chamber 36 and in side chambers 38, 40. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, the limiting walls of the individual chambers do not reach the base of the casing 30, so that an exchange of material between the chambers is possible. individual The casing 30 is made, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, in two parts, which are joined in the region of the bord 42. This construction facilitates the filling of the core with absorbent material.

The oval-shaped core part 28 of the absorbent body receives, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of the article according to the invention, an absorbent material with cellulose content 44. This cellulosic material provides, on the one hand, the comfort of use and, on the other hand, act as reserve storage (secondary storage) for the case in which the storage capacity of full core of the material remaining with irrigation capacity has been exceeded even after a liquid intake. This reserve should not be taken into account since research has shown that, for example, most of the feminine towels receive liquid inlets of less than 5 ml and for this the storage capacity of the core piece is sufficient in all cases. the cases.

In case of a blood entry into article 1 according to the present invention, it is first distributed with the help of the longitudinal grooves 26. The bleeding then passes through the liquid-permeable layer 18 through the envelope 30 of the core 28 with the material 3 being retained in that one.

Figure 3 shows a cross section of an absorbent article, according to the invention, along Line A-A of Figure 1. Seen from top to bottom, there is po below the liquid-permeable layer 18 the body core 28. This is surrounded by the envelope 30 and is filled with the material 32 which remains capable of being irrigated even after receiving a liquid inlet. Below the core 32 there is a secondary storage layer of cellulosic material 44 (which first acts as a reserve cap or secondary layer), and the absorbent article is insulated downwards through the liquid impervious layer 20, which is made of polyethylene. Another peculiarity of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the shell 30 has, also in the lower part, narrowings 48, which are aligned with the constrictions or strangulations 34 of the upper part in this way, a even more marked formation of the core chambers of the absorbent body so that the exchange of material between individual chambers in a small part of their development or periphery is possible. In the region of the edge 22, the liquid-permeable layer 18 and the liquid-impervious layer 20 are joined together. The connection has been made, in this case, by the adhesion of the layers by means of an adhesive. However, it is also possible to effect the joining of the layers to each other by other means, for example, by ultrasonic-sound or thermal-type welding. Similarly, two layers of the sheath 30 in the edge region 42 are bonded to the edge region 22 by means of adhesive.

Figure 4 shows a cross section of another embodiment of an absorbent article according to the present invention. Equal elements with equal reference numerals have been shown in figures 3 and 4. In the embodiment, according to FIG. 4, the side chambers 38 and 40 are completely closed with respect to the central chamber 36 so that exchange of material 32 between the chambers is not possible. The arrangement of chambers takes place so that the upper zone 30a of the casing 30 and the lower region 30b of the casing 30 are joined together at points 52, 54.

A durable connection is achieved by stitching the upper or lower layer. The distribution of chambers can also take place, for example, by gluing the upper area 30a with the lower region 30b. Another peculiarity of the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is that there are hollow upper chambers 60. In said hollow chambers, liquid which has entered which regulates storage thereof can be distributed easily in the longitudinal direction. throughout the entire absorbent body. By means of this arrangement, the absorption and storage capacity of the core piece can be used optimally.

With the reference numeral 58, the upper edge of the secondary storage layer 44 is indicated in FIG. 4. When entries are made in the impermeable cap of the liquids 20, small lower hollow chambers 62 can be formed between the individual chambers. of absorbent body.

In addition, the absorbent body of the absorbent article, according to the present invention, can also present a lower chamber in such a way that there are separate zones (as can be seen in figure 4, see points 52 and 54 near areas that allow an exchange of material between cameras (as can be seen in figure 3, areas between the points indicated with the reference numerals 34 and 48) In the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article, in this case, there are different areas between the central chambers 36 and the side chambers 38, 40. On the one hand it is possible or exchange of materials between the chambers (when the chambers as shown in figure 3, are not completely separated from each other), on the other hand material exchange is prevented (as shown in figure 4 with points 52 54).

Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of an absorbent article, according to Figure 1, along line B B of this figure. The liquid-permeable layer 18 and the liquid-tight cap 20 are bonded together in an edge region 22. The central chamber of the core part is likewise cut longitudinally and contains the material 32.

In figure 6 it has been shown how the measurements b and 1 of the core part of the absorbent body can be constituted more favorably in relation to the measurements B L of the absorbent article. In all cases, it is advantageous that b is less than B and 1 is less than L.

In FIGS. 7a-z, different design possibilities of the core part are shown. Depending on the function of the absorbent article, object of the invention, an appropriate core piece can be chosen. In the case of a "dog bone" type structure as shown in FIG. 1, for example, a core part shaped likewise can be used, for example, see FIG. 6. However, it can also be used advantageously (compare with Figure 1).

Figures 8 and 9 show division possibilities (formation of cameras) of the core part. In the designs shown in figures 8a-c, longitudinal cameras are shown and the arrangements, according to figures 8d-f, show transverse chambers. In Figure 9, longitudinal and transverse chambers have been shown simultaneously. The distribution of cameras, according to figure 8b, corresponds to the one shown in figures 2 to 4.

Figure 10 shows, from the upper part, different conformations of the absorbent body for an action of the lateral pressure and for pressure action from the upper part. An oval piece observed in a plan view in the starting situation, can adopt, in this case, a core shape similar to that of an hourglass, or of the "dog bone" type (figure 10a), when It exerts pressure on the user's legs laterally on the core piece (see the arrows in the representation of the left in Figure 10a). The original width (shown on the left of figure 10a) in the area d the crotch is reduced to the width b2 (right representation of figure 10a). In this way, the specific "adaptability" of the absorbent article object of the present invention will be duly manifested.

Figure 10b shows the deformation described in figure 10a of a core piece of an absorbent article in cross section. This figure also suitably shows the manner in which the absorbent material of both laterally disposed chamber can pass into the central chamber. The arrows indicate the direction of material displacement.

The way in which, by the action of a lateral pressure, the external shape and the contour of the cross section of the core part are modified, the length 1 remaining, however, essentially without variation, can be seen in FIG. 10a.

Figure 10c shows the deformation d the core piece of an absorbent body under the action of a pressure from above (arrow from above). In this way, it is clearly appreciated how, by reducing the thickness of the core part (D2 > D1), material can be transferred from the central area to the lateral zones (arrow left to right) . The width of the core part remains, in this case, essentially unchanged.

In the case where the core piece as shown in Figure 10 has internal chambers, an action of the pressure from above (arrow from above) will decrease the thickness of the intermediate (central) chamber and will cause the passage of material in the cameras arranged laterally, which is appreciated with the arrows to the left and to the right (see also figure 3).

In Figures 1-f the moment of rotation (in Nm) has been shown when the stirring of polymethyleneurea or powder or polymethyleneurea / polyacrylate (superabsorbent) and mixtures upon receiving certain amounts of a solution of blood imitation (BSS) . Figure Ia shows the case of pure polymethylene urea and shows a maximum of about 2 N for approximately 1 ml of blood substitute solution. S obtain similar proportions for 8 parts of mass d polymethyleneurea with respect to one part of polyacrylate mass (SAP =, as shown in Fig. 11b and in case d a mixture of 4 parts by weight of polymethyleneurea and 1 part by mass of SAP (Fig. 11c) so that, the maximum for 1 m solution substituent of blood increases slightly (Figure 11b approximately, 2.4 Nm and Figure 11c, approximately 2.8 Nm).

If mixtures based on 2 parts by mass of polymethyleneurea and a mass part of SAP are investigated, it is observed that the maximum of one ml increases, approximately up to 3.2 Nm and s presents a second maximum, approximately of 4.2 Nm for 7. blood substitute solution, approximately (figure lid) For a mixture of similar mass portions of polymethyleneurea SP there is a first maximum of approximately 2.5 Nm, approximately 1.8 ml approximately blood substitute solution, and a second maximum of 6 Nm approximately for an approximate value of 8.3 ml blood substitute solution (figure lie). This second maximum increases for a mixture containing one part polymethyleneurea and two parts of SAP mass up to about 8 Nm for an approximate value of 8.3 ml blood substituent solution (Figure 1lf).

From the data shown in the figures above, it is clearly shown that (after exceeding a maximum prime for approximately 1 ml of liquid inlet) s can produce pure polymethyleneurea inlets and mixtures up to 4 parts of mass. of polymethyleneurea with a mass part of SAP with larger amounts (up to 14 ml) of blood substituent solution, is that a substantial friction resistance of the particles of the absorbent material is produced This is an important indicator of the high comfort of use of the article absorbent comprising corresponding materials as absorbent.

Since, as already indicated above, the majority of feminine pads do not receive liquid injections greater than 5 ml, the accused second maximum does not cause any inconvenience since it appears for mixtures containing less than 2 parts of polymethyleneurea mass per a part of SAP mass.

FIG. 12 shows, finally, the maximum torque in Nm for the start of wetting with the blood substitute solution and after the homogenization of polymethyleneurea / SAP mixtures has been achieved.

In figure 13 a feminine towel 100 according to the invention is shown, which has a front zon 102, an intermediate zone 104 and an end zone 106 on a liquid impervious layer, which is not visible in the figure 13, a layer 110 of a soft or soft shaped material has been placed. The layer 110 is connected to the liquid-impermeable cap arranged below by means of adhesive (118). In the edge region, both layers are additionally thermally-mechanically or ultrasonically bonded. The layer 100 has the function of increasing the comfort of use of the absorbent article because of its softness, and the layer 110 can also act as a reserve storage or secondary storage when there are increasing amounts of liquid in the area of the edges of absorbent article. A storage and central absorption body 114 is arranged on the layer 110. The absorbent body is provided with a liquid-permeable envelope. In the enclosure there is a material that absorbs liquids and which remains capable of irrigation by liquid even after a liquid intake.

The construction of an absorbent article according to the invention according to Figure 13 is shown in detail in Figure 14 so that said Figure 14 shows a section according to the cut line IV-IV of Figure 13. In the figure 14 the back cover layer 11 impermeable to liquids, made of polyethylene, has been shown. The coating layer 116 acts, on the one hand, as a coating for the upper layers arranged in greater proximity to the body of the user of the absorbent article and on the other hand, as a "protective element for the garments", which protects the underwear of the absorbent article. user against soiling by body secretions. In the edge area 112, the liquid-impermeable cap 116 and the layer 110 of a soft coform material are pressed together. The absorbent body 114 is arranged on the layer 110. The body 11 has a shell 120 of a non-woven material, inside which is a material 122, which also has the characteristic of continuing to be capable of receiving irrigation even after having received a liquid inlet, made of polymethylene-urea (polymethyleneurea) in the form of a ball with a particle diameter between 200 and 800 μm.

The envelope 120 is joined by seams 124 with the cap 110. The seams 124 in the embodiment example shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the absorbent body is not divided into two or three zones completely separated from each other since the seams are not of type intern. By means of the type of absorbent body sewing 114 with the shaped layer 110 as shown in FIG. 14, it is also ensured that the layer 11 located below, impervious to liquids, remains if it faults and can perform its function as a sheet protection of the garments. The absorbent body 114 has zones 126 in which a section 120a of the side of the conformation layer 120 of the shell 120 is connected to a section 120b of the body of the shell 120 by means of an adhesive. Before filling the absorbent body 114 with the absorbent material 12 and having storage capacity, the areas 120a are first joined together so that a filling opening remains. Then the material 12 is introduced to the desired degree of filling, in the current case 80% of the theoretical total filling capacity, through the filling opening d and finally the zones 120a and 120b are joined together also in the section of the filling opening so as to achieve the finished absorbent body 114 which is finally fixed by seams on the layer of the shaped material 110.

The advantage of the absorbent article 100, according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 14, with respect to absorbent articles previously known, consists in that the absorbent body and the absorbent material that is inside it, on the one hand, are very easily accessible since between the material they absorb and the body of the user is only found the wrapping d absorbent body and on the other hand, that by the arrangement lib of the absorbent body it can be optimally adapted the anatomical characteristics of the user, so that article according to the invention ensures a high comfort use for the user.

Figures 15 and 16 show correspondingly a female towel that presents in principle the same construction as the embodiments shown in Figures 13 and 14, so that Figure 16 shows the cross section of the article along the line VI -VI shown in figure 15. The reference numerals in figures 15 and 16 correspond to those of figures 13 and 1 Also the numerals described in relation to figures 13 14 correspond to those of figures 15 and 16. As can be seen in the perspective views of figures 13 and 15, the embodiments, according to figures 13 and 15, differed in the shape of the absorbent body 114. While the absorbent body 114, according to FIG. 13, has an elongated form ov, the absorbent body according to FIG. 15 is formed longitudinally in the form of a lancet. By this increase in the size of the housing, the liquid absorption capacity of the absorbent article according to the invention was further increased. As shown in FIG. 16, the absorbent body 114 is joined to the lower long 11 only by the central seam 124, so that s further improves the ability of the absorbent body 114 to adapt to different conditions of use.

Figures 17 and 18 finally show another variant of the absorbent article object of the invention, so that in figure 17 a perspective representation is shown and in figures 18 a section along the line II-II of the figure 17. The indicator numerals used in figures 13 and 14 designate constituent areas corresponding to figures 17 and 18. Likewise the numerals described with reference to figures 13 and 14 correspond to that of figures 17 and 18.

The peculiarity of the embodiment shown in figures 17 and 18 of an absorbent article, according to the invention, is the division into three parts of the absorbent body according to a central section 114 and two side sections 114a 114b. As can be seen in Figure 18, the absorbent body has three absorbent zones completely separated from each other 114, 114a and 114b. Between the central absorbent body 114 and the lateral absorbent bodies 114a and 114 longitudinal channels 126, 128 run. This embodiment of the absorbent circles according to the invention guarantees a particularly high protection against the overflow since in the case of "overflow" of the The absorbent body centers 114, the liquid absorption capacity of the lateral absorbent bodies 114a, 114b is still available. This type of absorbent article is, therefore, especially appropriate for situations in which large amounts of liquid must be stored in relatively short periods of time. In this way, the channels 126, 128 cooperate in the distribution of liquid in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article, ie the total available capacity of absorption and storage is improved since near the central area of the liquid inlet they are also used in a similar way. Optimum for liquid storage is the edge areas and the areas running continuously in the absorbent body.

Another additional special arrangement of the absorbent article according to the present invention is shown in Figures 19 and 20. The article is also a feminine towel which is shown according to the perspective view in Figure 19 and section in Figure 20. The article presents a layer 116 d liquid impervious material made of polyethylene, which in the use of the article is far from the user's body. On this layer 116 there is a layer 1 of a soft coform material, which acts, on the one hand, further increasing the convenience of use of the article. On the other hand, said layer 110 can also act as reserve storage or secondary storage, which receives and stores the liquid that has not been retained by the absorbent body 114.

The absorbent body 114 is wrapped around it by a liquid permeable layer or shell 12 of nonwoven material. The absorbent and liquid storage material 122 of the absorbent body 114 is polymethyleneurea material free of ether groups and of formaldehyde group, so that the absorbent body is filled with polymethyleneurea material up to 70% of its theoretical capacity. This degree of filling allows a capacity, very satisfactory adaptation of the article to the user's anatomy.

The absorbent body 114 is joined by sewing or glueing 124 to the layer 110 below and p above it, the liquids 116 are again attached to the impermeable layer. With the reference numeral 112, the area of the edge joining the edges is designated. layers 110 and 116.

The peculiarity of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 is the arrangement of the cover layer 130 of a liquid-permeable material.

This cover layer has folds, which have been indicated with the reference numeral 132, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the article. The pleats of the layer 130 run to lie below the absorbent body 114, to a new fold 134, from which the cover cap extends again in the direction of the edge of the article. Between the crease 134 and the edge area of the article l layer 130 is joined by gluing with the layer 110 located below. By means of this special arrangement of the cover layer 130, a high capacity of movement and adaptation capacity of the absorbent body and of the assembly of the article to the anatomy of the user is achieved.

Claims (44)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S

1. An absorbent article, comprising: a layer of liquid permeable material q in the use of the article is directed towards the user body; a layer of material impervious to liquids that in the use of the article is directed in opposition to the user's body, as well as an absorbent body exposed between the liquid-permeable ca and the liquid-impermeable layer, characterized because The absorbent body contains an absorbent material which, after an entry of liquid, remained capable of irrigating the liquid.

2. An absorbent article comprising: a layer impervious to liquids that in the use of the article is directed in opposition to the user's body as well as an absorbent body, wrapped in a layer of liquid-permeable material, which contains an absorbent material that remains capable of Irrigation of liquid after receiving a liquid intake, so that, the body absorbent; it is joined by the layer of liquid impervious material in a central area thereof.

3. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 2, characterized in that the connection between the absorbent body and the layer of liquid impervious material takes place by means of an adhesive.

4. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 2 or 3, characterized in that the connection between the absorbent body and the liquid impervious layer takes place by means of a seam or several seams.

5. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that on the face facing the body of the liquid-impervious material layer, a soft absorbent material is arranged, which acts as secondary storage.

6. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 5, characterized in that the soft material acting as secondary storage consists of a coform material, a pneumatically applied material and / or a non-woven material, especially a woven material. by extrusion or by carding.

7. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent material, which remains co-irrigated with liquid after a liquid entry, is placed in a matrix of fibrous material.

8. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 7, characterized in that the absorbent material, which remains capable of liquid irrigation after a liquid entry, is mixed homogeneously in the fiber material.

9. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 7 or 8, characterized in that the absorbent material, which remains capable of liquid irrigation after receiving a liquid inlet, is placed between layers of fiber material.

10. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 7 to 9, characterized in that the fiber material is formed by cellulosic material, a mixture of cellulose / polypropylene material and / or a coform material.

11. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 7 to 10, characterized in that the ratio of absorbent material that remains with the capacity to irrigate liquids after a liquid intake, co with respect to the fiber material, amounts to 1- 25% by weight up to 99-75% by weight.

12. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 11, characterized in that the proportion of absorbent material, which remains capable of irrigating liquids after an entry of liquid, with respect to fiber material, amounts to 5-20% in Weight up to 95-80% e weight.

13. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 12, characterized in that the proportion of absorbent material, which remains capable of irrigating liquids after an entry of liquid, with respect to fiber material, amounts to 10-15% in Weight up to 90-85% e weight.

14. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent body also contains the absorbent material which remains capable of liquid irrigation after receiving a liquid intake, at least one treatment substance.

15. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 14, characterized in that the treatment substance is constituted by an extract of Aloe Vera calendula and / or chamomile.

16. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 14 or 15, characterized in that the treatment substances are contained in microcapsules

17. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 16, characterized in that the treatment substances are contained in such a way in the microcapsules, that the treatment substances in the use of the absorbent body can be released by the forces they receive and / or by body heat.

18. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the previous clauses, characterized in that bactericidal, fungicidal and / or viricidal substances are placed, immobilized on and / or contained in the absorbent material, which remains with liquid irrigation capacity after receiving an entry of liquid.

19. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 18, characterized in that chlorinated acidic chloric acid and / or alkyldimethylbenzylammonium halide is applied as a bactericidal substance.

20. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent material, which remains capable of supplying liquid after liquid entry, retains its liquid irrigation capacity up to a minimum of 10 ml d liquid / gram of material.

21. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent material contains particles of spherical shape.

22. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 21, characterized in that the particles of spherical shape have a diameter of 100 to 2000 μm, especially from 200 to 800 μm.

23. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent material contains at least one part d polymethylene urea (PMH).

24. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 23, characterized in that at least one third of the absorbent material consists of polymethyleneurea.

25. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 23, characterized in that at least one half of the absorbent material consists of polymethyleneurea.

26. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 23, characterized in that at least two-thirds of absorbent material consists of polymethyleneurea.

27. An "absorbent article" as claimed in clause 23, characterized in that at least 80% of the absorbent material consists of polymethyleneurea.

28. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 23, characterized in that the absorbent body is made of polymethyleneurea.

29. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 23 to 28, characterized in that the polymethyleneurea material is free of ether groups and formaldehyde groups.

30. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 1 to 27 or 29, characterized in that the absorbent material contains a superabsorbent material.

31. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 30, characterized in that the superabsorbent material is a polyacrylate.

32. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the absorbent body has at least one core element in which the absorbent material is contained, which remains liquid-irrigating even after an inlet of liquid, so that preferably length 1 of the core element is less than or equal to the length L of the absorbent article and the width b of the core piece is less than or equal to the width B of the absorbent article.

33. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the previous clauses, characterized in that the absorbent body has at least two chambers which, by means of at least one wall, are separated from each other.

34. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 33, characterized in that the wall is aligned in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article.

35. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 33, characterized in that at least one wall is aligned transversely to the absorbent article.

36. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 33, characterized in that the absorbent body is subdivided by at least one wall disposed in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article and at least one other wall disposed transversely of the absorbent article.

37. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 33 to 36, characterized in that at least one core part of the absorbent body is divided into several chambers.

38. An absorbent article as claimed in one of the previous clauses, characterized because it is an article of hygiene.

39. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 38, characterized by an article consisting of feminine hygiene.

40. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 39, characterized in that the feminine hygiene article consists of a feminine towel, especially an ultra-thin feminine towel.

41. An absorbent article as claimed in clause 39, characterized in that the feminine hygiene article is a panty liner.

42. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 38 to 41, characterized in that the liquid-permeable layer has a centrally arranged opening.

43. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 1 to 38, characterized in that the absorbent article is a diaper.

44. An absorbent article as claimed in one of clauses 1 to 38, characterized in that the absorbent article is an anti-incontinence garment. SUMMARY Absorbent article having a layer of liquid permeable material that in the use of the article is directed to the body of the user, as well as a waterproof layer the liquids that in the use of the article is remote from the body of the user, as well as a absorbent body disposed between the liquid-permeable layer and the liquid-impervious cap. The absorbent body comprises absorbent material, which remains capable of irrigation by means of liquids even after a liquid inlet. In addition, the invention discloses an absorbent article comprising a layer of liquid impervious material which in the use of the article is directed away from the user's body as well as an absorbent body surrounded by a layer of liquid permeable material. which contains an absorbent material with liquid irrigating capacity even after receiving a liquid inlet, so that the absorbent body is joined to the layer of liquid impervious material in a central area thereof.