MXPA98000015A - Emergency stop control device for rising - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus (21) for controlling the emergency stop of the car (1) of an elevator (10), with a driving motor (15) coupled to the car, a driving control (18) between the motor and a power source. electric power (17), and an elevator control (19) connected to the drive control that controls the progress of the cabin. A battery bank (28) receives and stores electrical energy from the source and provides it to the elevator control. A normally open disconnector (33, 34, 36, 37) connects the batteries to the impulse control. When the control unit connected to the disconnector receives a signal representing a loss of electrical power in the impulse control, it closes the disconnector and connects the batteries to the impulse control and to the elevator control, which controls an emergency for the cabin (11) with a predetermined deceleration

Description

EMERGENCY STOP CONTROL DEVICE FOR ELEVATORS Field and background of the invention The present invention relates in general to elevator controls and, in particular, to an apparatus for controlling the emergency stop of an elevator. The current elevators perform an emergency stop when certain faults arise, such as loss of energy input, breakdown in the safety circuit, etc. This type of shutdown involves the shutdown of power supply to the drive system, and the application of the mechanical brake. As the brake is applied with a predetermined force (sufficient to maintain 150% of the maximum load) the deceleration of the cab varies widely depending on the actual load during the emergency stop. Due to this, during the violent emergency stops of the lift, passengers may be subject to potential inconvenience and damage.

Description of the invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the emergency stop of an elevator car. The elevator includes a drive motor coupled to the elevator car, a drive control connected between the drive motor and an AC power source to start the drive motor, and an elevator drive connected to the control of impulsion to control the start-up, operation and stop of the elevator car. The controlled emergency stop circuit has a power input connected to the alternating current power supply, a connected regulated power output that supplies electric power to the elevator control and an energy output that supplies electrical power to the drive control. In the supply of electric current of alternating current, there are means to store electrical energy of direct current, means connected to the output of regulated energy to provide electric power to the elevator control. A normally open disconnector is connected between the DC electric power storage means and the power output of the drive control and a control unit is connected to the disconnector and has an input to receive a power cut signal representing a power failure in the drive control. The control unit responds to the power cut signal by closing the disconnector, connecting the DC power storage medium to the drive control and controlling the elevator control an emergency stop of the elevator car coupled to the motor of drive with a predetermined degree of deceleration. When the drive motor is an AC motor, the drive control includes an inverter that has an output connected to the AC motor and an input. A bridge and a DC link are connected in series between the AC power source and the inverter input, and the switch is connected between the DC electrical power storage medium and the inverter input. When the drive motor is a DC motor, the drive control includes an armature output and an inductor output connected to the DC motor, and the disconnector connects the armature output to the DC motor rotor and the DC motor. inductor to the inductor field of the motor in the normally open position, and connects the DC electric power storage medium to the rotor of the motor and to the inductor field in the closed position. An object of the present invention is to perform an emergency stop of the cab of a fully loaded elevator with a predetermined sliding distance, and an emergency stop of the cabin of an empty elevator with a similar degree of deceleration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Those skilled in the art will more readily understand the foregoing and other advantages of the present invention with the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof., and with the attached drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an elevator of the state of the art. - Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a part of the elevator shown in Figure 1 that includes an emergency stop apparatus according to the present invention. - Figure 3 is a diagram of the emergency stop apparatus shown in figure 2. - Figure 4 is a diagram of the emergency stop apparatus shown in figure 3, incorporated in a typical elevator drive system with non-generative alternating current inverter. - Figure 5 and last, is a diagram of the emergency stop apparatus shown in Figure 3 incorporated in a typical drive system of DC elevator.

Description of the preferred practical embodiment Figure 1 shows a lift 10 of the state of the art, which includes a cabin 11 mounted so that it moves in an elevator shaft (not shown) to serve several floors of a building. The cab 11 hangs from one end of a cable 12 passing over a pulley 13 mounted rotatably on the upper part of the shaft. A counterweight 14 balances the weight of the cabin 11 and a part of the total load of the same. The counterweight is attached to the opposite end of the cable 12. A driving means, such as a motor 15, is coupled to the pulley 13 in a conventional manner, with a brake 16, to move the car 11 up and down along the length. of the hole. A power supply 17 is connected through a drive control 18 to supply electrical power to the motor 15. Depending on the needs of the system and whether the motor 15 is of alternating or continuous current, the power supply 17 may be so simple as an AC input line. An elevator control 19 is connected to the power source 17 to receive useful energy. The control 19 is also connected to the drive control 18 and the brake 16 to control the speed of the motor 15, thus controlling the start, stop and speed of the movements of the car 11. The elevator control 19 is also connected to a sensor 20, which generates a signal indicative of an emergency situation that requires the stopping of the car 11 by actuating the brake 16 to apply a predetermined braking force. The control system of the elevator 10 shown in figure 1, which derives the energy to the circuits of the drive control 18 and to the elevator control 19 from the entry line, does not have any control arrangement of the motor once it is eliminated the input energy, for example as a result of a power cut. In DC systems, during the emergency stops the contactors connect to a rheostat assembly through the motor armature and divert the current to the inductor coil to provide a retarder torque from the motor. The elevator 10 suffers variations in the degrees of deceleration depending on the load of the cabin. In AC induction motors that require variable inductor fields over time to provide a torque, this simple solution is not suitable. In figure 2 a part of the elevator 10 including an emergency stop apparatus 21 according to the present invention is shown. The apparatus 21 is a controlled emergency stop circuit (CESC) system having an input connected to an output of the power supply 17 via an alternating current line 22, an output connected to a power input of the control of drive 18 through line 23 and a plurality of inputs and outputs connected with a plurality of outputs and inputs of elevator control 19 via line 24. As described below, the CESC 21 apparatus or system includes a supply for high-voltage batteries (or lower-voltage batteries and circuits that double the voltage) that remain charged through the building's electrical grid. All the energy that goes to the circuits of the impulse control 18 and to the control of the elevator 19 has its origin in said supply by batteries, in such a way that even when the one of the network is eliminated, the electronic control devices are still powered. When an emergency stop situation occurs, the system lowers the brake 16 and the drive command 18 (powered from the main line, or from the batteries if necessary) attempts to decelerate the car 11 to a predetermined degree. Since the knob 18 is fully powered, the speed loop feed system is operative and the actuator has closed loop control over the speed of the car. This allows the system to be put into operation by opposing the brake (in a situation of light load of the cabin) to smooth the deceleration or with the brake stopping force to reduce the slippage of an overloaded or heavily loaded cabin. The CESC 21 system, configured for a direct current system, applies a voltage / direct current directly on the armature / inductor of the motor to regulate the speed of the system. For AC systems, the CESC 21 system has the simple mission of providing a direct current connection that allows the three phases of the three-phase inverter to regulate the alternating motor currents necessary for speed control. It should be borne in mind that since the brake 16 is installed (ideally) to maintain a capacity percentage, an emergency stop caused by the drive subsystem produces a false adjustment of the brake without activation of the drive system. The CESC 21 system is shown in more detail in the schematic block diagram of FIG. 3. The CESC 21 system includes a voltage regulator module and phase detector 25, a DC to DC transformer 26, a control unit 27 and a bank of batteries 28. The voltage regulator module and phase detector 25 has three inputs, each connected to a phase of the alternating current line 22 to control the state of the input power line and to maintain the battery bank 28 ready for use. The alternating current line 22a is connected through a first SCR 29 to a positive terminal 28a of the battery bank 28. A second line 22b of alternating current is connected through a second SCR 30 to a positive terminal 28a. Each of the SCRs 29 and 30 has a door connected to another associated door of a pair of activation signal outputs of the module 25. A third AC line 22c is connected to another input of the unit 25 and to a negative terminal 28b of the battery bank 28. The battery bank 28 can be formed by a plurality of batteries 28c to 28g with an input to the DC to direct current transformer 26 through the battery 28g connected to the terminal 28b. The output of the transformer 26 is connected to a pair of lines 24a of the line 24 to provide electrical power to the electronic devices of the elevator control 19. The positive terminal 28a of the CESC 21 is connected through a diode 31, a first FET 32 and a first disconnector 33 in series, to the power section of the drive control 18 through the first line 23a. The negative terminal 28b of the CESC 21 is connected through a second disconnector 34 to the power section of the drive control 18 via the second line 23b. The connection between the batteries 28e and 28f is connected through a potentiometer 35 and a third disconnector 36 in series, to the inductor field of the motor 15 through the third line 23c. The connection between the battery 28f and the battery 28g is connected through a fourth disconnector 37 to the field inductor of the motor 15 by the fourth line 23d. The control unit 27 has an output connected to a door of the first FET 32 and an input connected to the junction of the first FET 32 with the first disconnector 33. A second FET 38 is connected in series with an electrical resistance 39 between the junction of the first FET 32 with the first disconnector 33 and the terminal 28b. The control unit 27 has another outlet connected to the door of the second FET 38 and an outlet connected to the junction of the second FET and the electrical resistance 39. The control unit 27 is coupled to operate the disconnectors 33, 34, 36 and 37 The control unit 27 interconnects with the elevator control 19 to control the state of a fault signal of the drive on line 24b, to control the emergency stop control state on line 24c, to generate a signal of effective status of the CESC (controlled emergency stop circuit) on line 24d, and for controlling a speed / voltage reference signal on line 24e, in the case of a direct current motor. Figure 4 shows the CESC 21 added to a typical elevator drive system 40 with non-generative alternating current inverter 40. The alternating current line 22 is connected to a transformer 41 to provide power to an electromagnetic brake feeder 16a and are connected to an input of a full-wave bridge 42 to generate DC power. An output of the bridge 42 is connected to an input of the inverter 43 via a direct current link 44 which includes a reactor coil and capacitors. The inverter 43 has an output connected to an AC motor 45. The control circuit frames 19a represent the electronics of the elevator control 19 which is connected to control the operation of the inverter 43 and the motor windings 45. An encoder 46 is connected to the circuit boards 19a to provide a signal representing the speed of the motor 45. The CESC 21 is connected through the output of the bridge 42. When a fault condition is perceived, with the elevator control 19 still functional, although an emergency stop is necessary, the elevator control simply uses its existing software and its speed control circuit to decrease the speed of the motor 45 with a fixed degree of deceleration. The servomechanism will act against or assist the mechanical brake in the deceleration of the cockpit 11, to a degree where physical damage to the passengers is unlikely to occur. In this configuration, the CESC 21 ensures that the elevator control 19 and the drive control 18 remain powered and operate despite the failure of the power supply 17 connected to the alternating current line 22 (a partial blackout, a blackout total, a phase loss, etc.). If a problem is detected in the supply voltage, the CESC 21 is connected to the DC link 44 thus supplying the necessary power to the power electronics of the inverter 43 for the control of the AC motor. This connection of power sources is evident for the elevator control 19 and the drive control 18 which can be used basically without any modification. The dissipation resistor 39 shown in FIG. 3 is not necessary, since the drive system has its own energy dissipater. Furthermore, for the AC motor 45, the supply connections to the motor inductor field, the potentiometer 35, the disconnectors 36 and 37 and the lines 23c and 23d are also not needed. In Figure 5 the CESC 21 connected to a typical drive system 47 is shown. The alternating current line 22 is connected to a direct current drive input 48 and the CESC 21. An output of the direct current drive 48 is connected through the disconnectors 33 and 34 to the induced winding of the direct current motor 49. The alternating current line 22 is also connected to the input of an inductor field feeder MF 50, which has an output connected through the disconnectors 36 and 37 to the winding of the motor inducing field 49. An encoder 51 is connected to a the control circuit boards 19b to provide a motor speed signal 49. The control circuit boards 19b represent the electronics of the elevator control 19 which controls the operation of the direct current drive 48 and the motor windings 49 An external potentiometer (potentiometer 35 of FIG. 3) is connected to the terminals provided in CESC 21 for the supply of the inductor field of the DC motor. In addition, a dissipation resistance (electrical resistance 39 of FIG. 3) is connected to the CESC 21 for the dissipation of regenerative energy of the regenerative systems. For a DC system, the electrical resistors that were previously used to bypass through the armature of the DC motor in emergency stop situations are now connected to the CESC 21 to provide the necessary controlled motor voltages. In normal operation, the CESC 21 operates only to provide power to all the control circuit boards 19b and to maintain the correct load in the internal battery bank. In situations of emergency stop in which regenerative energy is generated from the motor 49, the CESC 21 drives this energy to the bank of dissipation resistors to control the voltage / speed of the motor. In situations of emergency stop in which the energy must be generated from the drive 48, the control unit of CESC drives energy from the battery bank to perform the necessary speed control. Since the control panels 19b remain powered by CESC 21 even if the network voltage is removed, the drive servomotor continues to monitor the speed of the booth and provides a voltage reference to the system. Under normal conditions, this reference is carried to the direct current drive 48, but in fault situations the CESC 21 uses this same signal to take charge of the direct current drive system. In summary, the apparatus for controlling an emergency stop of the elevator car 11 includes: the drive motor 15 coupled to the elevator car; the drive control 18 connected between the drive motor and the electric power source 17 operating said motor; the elevator control 19 connected to the drive control to control the start-up, operation and stopping of the car; the circuit 21 having the power input connected to an AC electric power source, the controlled power output connected to the elevator control and the power output connected to the drive control; the direct current storage means 28 connected to the power input for receiving and storing electric power from the electric power source of alternating current and connected to the controlled energy output to provide electric power to the elevator control; the normally open disconnectors 33, 34, 36, 37 connected between the DC storage means and the power output of the drive control; the control unit 27 connected to the disconnectors and having an input to receive a power cut signal representing a loss of electrical power in the drive control, the control unit responding to the power cut signal by closing the disconnector for connecting the DC electric power storage means to the driving control, the electric power storage means providing electric power to the driving means and regulating the elevator control an emergency stop of the coupled elevator car with the drive motor with a predetermined degree of deceleration. When the drive motor 15 is an AC motor, the drive control 18 includes an inverter 43 having an output connected to the AC motor and an input. The bridge 42 and the direct current link 44 are connected in series between the AC electric power source 17 and the inverter input, and the disconnector 33 is connected between the DC electrical power storage medium and the input of the investor. When the drive motor 15 is a DC motor, the drive control 18 includes an output for the armature and an output for the inductor connected to the DC motor, and the disconnectors 33, 34, 36, 37 connect the output for the armature to a rotor of the DC motor and the output for the inductor to the inductor field of the motor in the normally open position and connect the DC electric power storage means 28 to the motor rotor and to the inductor field in the closed position. In accordance with the provisions of the patent regulations, the present invention has been described with reference to what is considered to represent its preferred embodiment. However, it must be taken into account that the invention can be implemented in a manner different from that specifically illustrated and described without departing from the object of the invention.

Claims (10)

Claims

1. Apparatus for controlling an emergency stop of an elevator car, the elevator including a driving motor coupled to the car, a driving control connected between the driving motor and the electric power source, and an elevator control connected to the electric power source and the impulse control to control the start-up, operation and stopping of the cabin, comprising: a circuit with an energy input adapted to be connected to the electric power source, an output of controller energy adapted to be connected to the elevator control and an output of drive control energy adapted to be connected to the lift drive control, - a sensor in said circuit and connected to said power input to generate a representative reference signal of the state of the electric power source connected to said power input, a means of electrical energy storage of It is connected continuously to said power input, which receives and stores electrical energy from the electric power source connected to said power input, a control unit connected to said sensor to receive said reference signal, and a disconnector connected between said power input. means for storing direct current electrical energy and said power output of the impulsion control and connected to said control unit, characterized in that when said power input is connected to the electric power source, said power output is connected to the control of the elevator, said power output of the drive control is connected to the drive control of the elevator connected to the drive motor, the power source is connected to the elevator drive control and the lift control is connected to the drive control of the elevator. elevator, the control unit responds to said reference signal when it is uce a breakdown in the source of electrical power by operating said disconnector to connect said means of storing direct electric power to the driving command of the elevator, said means of storing electrical power DC power supply to the drive of the elevator and controlling the elevator to control an emergency stop of the elevator car, coupled with the drive motor, with a predetermined degree of deceleration.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said direct current electrical energy storage means is a battery feeder.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the direct current electrical energy storage means includes a DC to DC transformer with an output connected to the regulating power output.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit includes an input for receiving a fault signal which may be a fault signal in the drive, an emergency stop signal and a voltage reference signal.

5. Apparatus for controlling an emergency stop of an elevator car, comprising: - a driving motor coupled to the car, - a driving control connected between said engine and a source of electric power to operate said motor, a control of the elevator connected to said drive command for controlling the start-up, operation and stopping of the car, - a circuit with an energy input connected to said AC electric power source, a regulated power output said elevator control and a power output drive control connected to supply power to said drive command, a means of storing direct current electrical energy connected to said power input to receive and store electrical energy from said source of said power. AC electric power and connected to said regulating power output to provide power to electric to said elevator control; - a normally open disconnector connected between said direct current electrical energy storage means and said power output of the impulse control, and - a control unit connected to said disconnector and having an input to receive a power cut signal which represents a loss of electrical energy in said impulsion control, characterized in that said control unit responds to said power cut signal by closing said disconnector and connecting said DC electrical energy storage means to said impulsion control, supplying said electrical energy storage means of direct current electric power to the drive and said lift control controlling an emergency stop of the elevator car, coupled with said drive motor, with a predetermined degree of deceleration. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said drive motor is an alternating current motor and said drive command includes an inverter with an output connected to said AC motor and an input, and an inverter and a current link. continuously connected in series between the alternating current electrical power source and said inverter input, said disconnector being connected between said direct current electrical energy storage means and said inverter input. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said direct current electrical energy storage means is a bank of batteries. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said direct current electrical energy storage means includes a DC to DC transformer having an output connected to said regulating power output. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said drive motor is a DC motor, because the drive control includes an output for the armature and an output for the inductor connected to said DC motor, and because said disconnector connects the output for the armature to the rotor of said DC motor and the output for the inductor to the winding of said motor in the normally open position, and connects said DC electric power storage means to said rotor and said inductor field in closed position. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that it includes a potentiometer connected between said direct current electrical energy storage means and said motor inducing field.