MXPA01008909A - Method and device for producing brushware and brushware obtained with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the production of brushware articles consisting of a bristle support and bristles of at least two different types which are gathered into at least one group having a defined cross section and fixed to the support. According to said method the bristles of a particular type are gathered into a partial group and the partial groups forming a whole bristle group are gathered to form a bristlegroup which is then fixed to the bristle support. In a guide of a shaping device the cross section of the bristles of each partial group is deformed such that this cross section corresponds to their partial cross section in the bristle group. While ensuring that the partial groups retain their partial cross sections, said partial groups are then gathered in the guides such that the cross section of the bristle group is obtained. The invention also relates to a device for carrying the above method and to brushware obtained with same.

Description

Procedure and apparatus for making articles with bristles and article with bristles made by them DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for making articles with bristles constituted by a binder and, fixed to it, arranged at least one group of bristles with a certain cross section and at least two different types of bristles. bristles, in which the bristles of one type are assembled in a subgroup and the subgroups constituting the group are arranged in convergent guides in the group of bristles and the group of bristles is then fixed in the bristle holder. In addition, the invention is directed to an apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention. Articles with conventional bristles, in particular brushes, are constituted by a bristle carrier and groups of bristles fixed thereon, generally grouped, for example, assembled bristle bundles. The groups of bristles are fixed mechanically, by means of the so-called stamping processes, or, lately, - in the case of the bristles and the lens holder REF. 132638 are made of synthetic material - thermally, in some cases, combined with mechanical transformation procedures on the carrier. This includes, for example, the welding of the bristles on the surface of the bristles, the insertion of the bristle bundles into a more or less fused surface of the bristle holders or the injection of the mallets, melting the ends of the bristles on the foot of the mallet, to obtain a thickening and inject it into the material of the carrier. These thermal procedures were introduced, in particular, for toothbrushes, sanitizer brushes, etc. The selection of the bristles according to their material, cross section and length is mostly oriented according to the field of application of the brush. The arrangement and quantity of the bristles in a mallet, the layout and shape of the mallet or the bristles gathered in groups in another way also vary according to the field of application. In the present context, articles with bristles are also understood as brush-shaped apparatuses for applying auxiliaries, in which the bristles are arranged in a group, that is, a mallet, a package or the like. In toothbrushes it was verified very early on that a set of bristles cut in a straight way, where all the ends of the bristles are in the same plane, does not satisfy the requirements of dental hygiene, given that the convex tooth surfaces, in certain cases , accidents, as well as interdental spaces, are only unsatisfactorily cleaned. As a result of this check, toothbrushes were developed in which the ends of the bristles are on more or less contoured enveloping surfaces, for example, that the bristle set has a corrugated section. It is also known to arrange the bristles of an individual mallet with its ends on a conical surface. All these provisions have essentially the purpose of also accessing the interdental spaces with the bristles. However, dental studies with such toothbrushes have shown that the tips of the individual mallets or the ridges of a corrugated section act very aggressively on the smooth surfaces of the teeth, causing grinding marks in the tooth enamel and, in particular, driving also to injuries in the gum, which is appreciated in an extremely unpleasant way in sensitive gums. These disadvantageous consequences can be smoothed with a known toothbrush (WO 96/16571), but not exceeded. The set of bristles is constituted by individual mallets whose ends are again in a conical surface with aggressive tip. Each bundle also contains individual bristles that are longer than the bristles of the bundles and whose ends meet in a single plane. Such individual bristles then protrude to a small extent from the bristles of the mallet. Also with this configuration it is possible to foresee and obtain an exclusive improvement of the cleaning of the interdental spaces, in which the individual bristles penetrate better than conical mallets. The preparation is very laborious, since the individual bristles must be introduced in the mallets in a separate process step. Macroscopic studies showed that the surfaces present small fissures in which conventional bristles can not penetrate as a result of their diameter, remaining then uncleaned. For this reason it was tried to achieve this, as well as a careful treatment of the gums, suggesting thinner fiber-shaped bristles (DE 94 08 268 Ul) and taped with a closed envelope, protruding only their ends over the curb. Such thin fibers fold at their exit from the tape and remain almost inactive. It is also added that the wrap, with sharp edges, further increases the risk of injury to the gums, as well as the risk of damage to the surface of the teeth with grinding marks. The manufacture of such known toothbrushes is also very laborious. As in toothbrushes, other brushes, brushes and the like there is a need to arrange the groups of bristles with certain geometries when incorporating the set of bristles or the individual bristles of different type that form the group of bristles, in order to achieve effects adapted to the field of application considered. It is thus known to generate decks with different cross sections (DE 16 04 673) and to compose the set of bristles with mallets of different shapes (DE 35 05 972). These different forms of mallets are generated by winding continuous monofilaments and composing them on a string, where each string is constituted by the amount of monofilaments corresponding to a mallet. The monofilament rope is pulled or driven through a shaping device that transforms the rope, with its irregular cross section, to the desired cross section. After the forming device, the bundles are then cut to the desired size and fixed on the carrier.

However, in this way only the shape of the decks can be varied. It is also known (DE 196 16 309) to make decks with different type of bristles by winding continuous monofilaments on a rope, from which the individual mallets are then cut. In this case, the bristles of different types are distributed statically and uniformly in the deck. Consequently, the distribution and disposition of the different sows are not oriented according to their action. EP-A1-0 716 821 discloses brushes for the care of teeth and body where the bristles are put together in groups having different types of bristles. Finally, in brushes with injected bristles it is known (US 5,728,408) to remove from a case, with extractor tubes, the bristles cut in the length of the mallet and to insert them in the hollow space of mallet channels made in an injection mold. It is also known to arrange juxtaposed several mallets with circular cross section, forming groups of bristles in the shape of a tape whose width corresponds to that of the mallet. The contiguous bundles can be constituted by different types of bristles, then arranged side by side in the group of ribbon-shaped bristles. Here it is disadvantageous that the different types of bristles are mixed in the transition zone of the adjacent decks, working then without orientation of their effect. Due to the fact that the bristles of different types are juxtaposed in the group of bristles in the shape of a ribbon and subjected to the same request, after short periods of use, different manifestations of wear can be observed in the two types of bristles. The main objective of the invention is to improve the conventional method of US-A-5,728,408 according to the main concept of claim 1 so as to be able to arbitrarily make articles with bristles in which groups of bristles of different types, constituted by subgroups with different cross sections and different number of bristles, are adapted to the considered use. According to the invention, this objective is solved by transforming the bristles of each subgroup, in the guide that surrounds each subgroup of a shaping device, to a cross section corresponding to its subsection in the group of bristles, then arranging the subgroups in the guides, maintaining their transversal subsections, to obtain the group section of sows. Preferably, the group of bristles is then transferred to a clamping device by means of which the group of bristles is transported to be fixed on the lens carrier. However, the group of finished bristles can be fixed directly on the carrier after forming. By means of the method according to the invention, a group of bristles with a cross section defined from subgroups with bristles of different types and cross-section also defined can be made, so that, inside the group of bristles, the different types of bristles bristles are present responding to a defined geometry and optimally adapted to the considered use of the article with bristles. In this geometry generated by the forming device, the group of bristles or the subgroups that compose it can then be fastened in the clamping device and fixed in the lens holder, maintaining such geometry, in accordance with some of the known mechanical or thermal procedures . With the method according to the invention, groups of bristles with arbitrary cross section can be made, in which the subgroups are also arranged with arbitrary cross section, for the purpose of an optimization, for the purposes of the considered use. In this way, the subgroups can be arranged in a form, for example, concentric, segmented, in sectors or, also, in the form of a tape. The invention also provides the possibility of foreseeing different quantities of bristles in each subgroup. Preferably, the bristles of each subgroup are compacted during the conformation, in order to be juxtaposed in close contact in the subgroup, supporting each other. This narrow packing of the bristles offers advantages, in particular, in the thermal fixation process of the group of bristles in the bristle holders, since the softened plastic mass of the bristle carrier can not penetrate between the bristles. The method according to the invention provides the possibility of forming simultaneously or also successively in time all the groups of a set of bristles of the article with bristles in the shaping device. In both cases they can then be transferred to a holding device that houses all the groups of bristles, whereby the complete set of bristles can then be fixed on the carrier. In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the subgroups are transferred to the clamping device after arranging them in the group of bristles with different lengths, cutting them flatly between the forming device and the clamping device. In this way it is possible to arrange in different planes the useful ends of the subgroups comprising the groups of bristles, in order to have simultaneously their different properties in the brushing. Preferably, the groups of bristles are retained in the clamping device, in order to fix the geometry generated by the shaping device. This offers the possibility, in particular, of mechanically processing at their useful ends the bristles of the groups of bristles retained in the clamping device, for example, to round them, or preparing them to be fixed on the carrier at their opposite ends, to be fixed, for example, melt them to get a rounded foot, compact and calibrate them. In addition, the clamping device provides the possibility of displacing the bristles in the clamping device axially and relatively to one another in the unshaped state, in order to place the useful ends of each subgroup in different wrapping surfaces, which can be curved in continuous or discontinuous form. The method according to the invention offers the possibility of maintaining little distance or contacting the subgroups closely when arranging them in the group of bristles, with which there are limiting surfaces defined between the subgroups. In a preferred embodiment the bristles of the subgroups are generated from continuous monofilaments by placing the bristles of the same type, in the form of strings of continuous monofilaments, in separate coils, extracting the bristle strings of the same type from the coil and, forming each a subgroup, introducing them in the guides, for which the sows of all the subgroups that constitute a group of sows are supplied at the same time to the guides. In the strings that form the subgroups, the continuous monofilaments can be found in different quantities. Instead of this, the subgroups can also be constituted by bristles in the form of short pieces of suitable length. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention. Such an apparatus stands out because, in order to form a group of bristles constituted by at least two subgroups with bristles of different type for each subgroup, it is provided with at least one coil with a monofilament rope of the same type of bristles, after the bristles. coils are disposed at least one extractor device, each with a guide channel for each string, and then each extractor device a stationary shaping device with the corresponding amount of shaping channels which, in their mouths facing the extractor device are aligned with its guide channels and at the mouth of its opposite end have a transversal subsection that modifies the cross section of the subgroup and, at the same time, they converge towards an envelope cross section corresponding to the cross section of the group of bristles. Conveniently, a clamping device for a movable group of bristles having clamping channels with a shape and arrangement corresponding to the guide channels facing the same of the extractor device, for which the strings can be inserted, is interposed with the forming device. removing from the coils by means of the extractor device, linearly displaceable, sliding through the forming device and yielding to the clamping device, in given cases, interspersed subsequently, also having, between the forming device and the clamping device, a device for cutting to cut to the desired length the group of bristles that is in the clamping device and, finally, move the clamping device with the group of bristles to fix the group of bristles in the carrier. With the apparatus according to the invention, the groups of bristles or the entire set of bristles constituted by several groups of bristles are made cyclically and are then fixed on the carrier or are transported by means of the clamping device to be fixed on the carrier. The shaping channels of the shaping device can be narrowed at the same time in the direction of their cross-sectional variation, so that the bristles of the subgroup are compacted during shaping. According to a preferred embodiment it is provided that at least two separately displaceable extractor devices are arranged in series and optionally act together or selectively on the cords forming the subgroups, in order to introduce the subgroups with an equal or different length in the clamping device.

In this way subgroups of different lengths of a group of bristles can be realized in a simple manner. Preferably, the extractor and clamping devices are constituted by superimposed parallel plates, one of which is movable in the direction transverse to the guide or clamping channels, in the manner of a retainer plate. The apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to move the holding device with the group of bristles retained along devices for processing and / or for the treatment of the bristle ends useful or to be fixed before the group of bristles or the set of bristles consisting of several groups of bristles are fixed on the carrier. With the method according to the invention and the suggested apparatus to be carried out articles can be made with bristles in which the set of bristles constituted by groups of bristles with a certain shape of the cross section is integrated, in each group of bristles , by at least two subgroups of bristles of different type each that complete the cross sectional shape, where between at least two subgroups of a group of bristles there are flat or curved limiting surfaces. In particular, uncontrolled mixtures of the different types of bristles do not occur, but the subgroups are arranged with a defined geometry in each group of bristles. Thus, at least one subgroup of a group of bristles can be wrapped by the other subgroup, for example, two subgroups can be arranged concentrically to each other. It is also possible that several subgroups of a group of sows concentrically surround a central subgroup. At least two subgroups of a group of bristles can be constituted by bristles with different cross-section, different cross-sectional shape, different materials, different compositions or properties of the materials, different generation of surfaces or different color. In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the subgroup located internally in a group of bristles is constituted by bristles with lower resistance to bending than the bristles of the surrounding subgroup. In this way, the inner bristles, softer, for example, thinner, are fully supported, or at least in a part of their length, in all directions.

In this embodiment, furthermore, the subgroup of bristles with the least resistance to bending of the group of bristles can protrude with their ends of the surrounding bristles, which possess the greatest resistance to bending. Furthermore, in each group of bristles, the ends of the bristles of the subgroups can be arranged on flat enveloping surfaces, in given cases, different, or also curved and, in given cases, again on enveloping surfaces with different curvature. Preferably, the ends of the bristles of all the subgroups are in a continuous curved envelope surface which, in a similarly convenient embodiment, is symmetrical with respect to the axis parallel to the bristles of the group of bristles. The invention is described below by means of the exemplary embodiments reproduced in the drawings.

There they show: Figure 1- a schematic side view of the apparatus for carrying out the procedure; Figures 2-6- different cuts of the apparatus according to Figure 1; Figures 7-12 - the apparatus according to Figure 1 in different stages of the process; Figures 13-17- another embodiment of the apparatus for carrying out the procedure; Figures 18-21- schematic side views of different embodiments of the groups of bristles, in a longitudinal section; Figures 22-31- each, a top view of groups of sows constituted by different subgroups; Figure 32- a side view of a group of bristles constituted by two subgroups; figure 33 - a top view of the group of bristles according to figure 32; figure 34 - a side view of a group of bristles constituted by two subgroups, in another embodiment; figure 35- a top view of the embodiment according to figure 34; Figure 36- a perspective side view of a toothbrush head; figure 37 - a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a toothbrush head; Fig. 38- a side view of Fig. 37; figure 39- a top view of figure 37; Figure 40 - a partial perspective view of a toothbrush head, in a modified embodiment; figure 41 - a partial longitudinal section of the toothbrush head according to figure 40; Figure 42- a partial perspective view of a toothbrush head for an electric toothbrush; FIG. 43 - a partial perspective view of an interchangeable head for an electric toothbrush; Figures 44-46- each, a front view (a) and a top view (b) of different embodiments of an applicator brush; figure 47- a partial view of a brush; figure 48- a top view of the brush according to figure 43; and figure 49 - a view rotated through 90 ° of the brush according to figure 47. The apparatus illustrated in figure 1 serves for the preparation of groups of bristles constituted by subgroups of different types of bristles, where for each subgroup continuous monofilaments are arranged in a string and are housed, for example, in a coil, from which they are extracted by means of the apparatus according to Figure 1 and processed to obtain groups of bristles. The apparatus is constituted, in the example reproduced, by two extractor devices 1, 2 arranged in series, a shaping device 3 inserted after the extractor device 2 and a holding device 4 interleaved following the shaping device 3. The extractor devices 1 and 2 can be displaced in the direction of the double arrows 5 or 6, while the shaping device 3 is arranged stationary. The holding device 4 can in turn be moved in the direction of the double arrow 7. In the illustrated embodiment, a cutting device 8 is also arranged coupled to the shaping device 3. The apparatus according to FIG. to make a group of bristles constituted by a central subgroup and six subgroups that surround the first, as can be seen in figure 5. Each extractor device 1 consists of two external plates 9 with, in total, seven guide channels 10, one for each external cord 11 and one for the central cord 12. The external cords 11 are constituted by a single type of bristles, for example, by bristles with a relatively large cross section, while the central cord is constituted by continuous monofilaments of smaller section cross. The strings 11, 12 are driven with play in the guide channels 10 of the two external plates 9. The extractor device 1 has, between the two plates 9, a retainer plate 13 movable transversely to the strings 11, 12, as indicated with the double arrow. The extractor device 2 is constituted, also, by external plates 9 with guide channels 10, and a central retainer plate 17. The retainer plate 13 has channels 18 of greater cross section aligned with the guide channels 10 and a guide channel 19 with a section smaller cross section (figure 3). Whereas, on the contrary, the retainer plate 17 has channels 20 aligned with the guide channels 10 with the same cross section as the cords 11 and a central channel 21 with a larger cross section (figure 4). The forming device 3 has a number of shaping channels 15, 16 corresponding to the number of guide channels of the extractor device 1, 2. The shaping channel 16 is aligned with the central channel of the extractor devices 1, 2, while the shaping channels 16 are aligned with the center channel of the extractor devices 1, 2. Shaping channels 15, arranged peripherally, are aligned by their mouth facing towards the extractor device 2 with the guide channels 10. The shaping channels 15 converge at the opposite opening towards the central channel 16. While the shaping channel 16 has a circular cross-section through . The cross section of the peripheral shaping channels 15 varies in the direction of the conversion of its almost circular cross-section at the inlet to a cross-section in the shape of a circular sector at the opposite opening. The holding device 4 is configured as a retaining device. It is constituted by two external plates 22, 23 and a central retaining plate 24, movable in the direction of the double arrow 25. The clamping device 4 has a central clamping channel 25 which is closely surrounded by peripheral clamping channels 26, which are arranged between themselves of the same way as the shaping channels 15, 16 in the opening facing the holding device 4. As can be seen in figure 6, between the peripheral channels 26, as well as between these and the holding channel 25, are arranged between the ribs thin partition 14. The operation of the apparatus is explained by means of figures 7 to 12. At the beginning of the operation, the ropes 11 and 12 are introduced into the extractor devices 1 and 2, with the retainer plates 13, 17 open, up to the device forming 3 and, thereby, the ends of the strings 11, 12 passing through the shaping device 3 in the corresponding sub-sections of the subgroups are transformed. In the first operating stage, the retainer plate 17 is closed, thereby retaining the outer ropes 11, while the retainer plate 13 is in the open position. Thereafter, the extractor devices 1 and 2 are displaced to the right (FIG. 8) until the strings 11 are passed through the clamping device 4, whose holding plate 24 is also in the open position. The strings 11 then protrude from the clamping device 4. Here, the extractor device 2 abuts against the conforming device 3. The retainer plate 17 of the extractor device 2 is then opened and the retainer plate 13 of the extractor device 1 is closed, displacing to the last in the direction of the extractor device 2 (figure 9). When the extractor device 1 only pulls the central chord 12 of the central subgroup of the group of bristles and pushes it forward through the shaping device 3 and of the clamping device 4, it makes it protrude with its front end of the strings 11 that already they meet in the holding device 4. The retaining plates 13, 17 are then re-opened again, so that the cords located in the extractor devices 1 and 2 are released. The clamping device 4 is displaced, with the retainer plate 24 closed, separating it from the shaping device 3, thus passing the strings 11, 12 through the shaping device 3 (figure 10). Next, the cutting device 8, located behind the shaping device 3, is lowered so that the ropes retained in the holding device 4 are cut in the shaping device 3 (FIG. 11). The clamping device 4 then fixes a group of bristles (figure 12) constituted by external subgroups 27 and a central subgroup 28 (figure 12), whose cross-section and mutual arrangement can be seen in figure 5. Next a new sub-group is placed clamping device 4 before the shaping device 3 (figure 12), moving backwards the extractor devices 1 and 2 and a new operating cycle is started, as explained with reference to figure 7. Next, the clamping device 4 can then be passed from operational stations in which, for example, useful ends 29 of subgroup 28 and useful ends 30 of subgroup 27 are processed, for example, by rounding them. In addition, after releasing the retainer plate 24, the subgroups can be moved axially relative to each other, as well as displacing the bristles within each subgroup, in order to displace the useful ends 29, 30 on arbitrary wrapping surfaces. In addition, the entire group of bristles 31 can be prepared at their opposite ends 32 to be fixed on the lens carrier, for example, the ends can be fused together and transformed or calibrated. While continuous monofilaments can be processed with the apparatus according to figures 1 to 12, the apparatus according to figures 13 to 17 serves to process the so-called cut pieces., which are already cut to the required length for the subgroups that make up the group of sows. The device has in this case a guide block 33 with guide channels 34 to which a shaping device 35 with converging shaping channels 36 and a central shaping channel 37 is coupled. The shaping channels 36 also modify their cross section in the direction of their conversion . To the shaping device 35, a clamping device 38 having a central retaining plate 39 is also inserted, in turn. Such a clamping device 38 also has peripheral clamping channels 40 and a central clamping channel 41 aligned with the mouths of the shaping channels 36 and 37, facing towards the holding device 38. The pieces 42 forming each peripheral subgroup in the group of bristles are introduced into the guide channels 34 of the guide block 33 and displaced in the shaping channels 36 of the shaping device 35. by means of thrust pistons that are introduced into the shaping channels 34, until they are inserted in the clamping device 38, protruding forward (Figure 14). The guide block 33 is then removed from the shaping device 35 and a guide block 44 with a central guide channel 45 for the pieces 46 forming the central subgroup (figure 15). Pushing the pieces 46, through the forming device, towards the holding device 38 by means of a pushing plunger 47, until the pieces 46 constituting the central subgroup protrude from the peripheral subgroups (figure 16). Then the clamping device 38, with the retainer plate 39 closed, is removed from the shaping device 35, thus removing the pieces 42, 46 from the shaping device 35 (Figure 17). With the devices according to figures 1 to 12 or 13 to 17 can be made groups of bristles with different geometries. Some embodiments are described below. Figure 18 shows a side view of a group of bristles 47 constituted by subgroups corresponding to the representation of Figure 5 but with only a central subgroup 48 and a subgroup 49 that surrounds it in all its periphery, as illustrated by example, in figure 22. In this case, the subgroup 48 is constituted by bristles with small diameter and the group of bristles 49 that surrounds it with bristles of greater diameter. The ends 50 of the central subgroup 48 and the ends 51 of the subgroup 49 surrounding it are each in a plane. Figure 19 shows a group of bristles 52 constituted by a central subgroup 53 and an external subgroup 54 that surrounds it concentrically, where the ends 55 of the subgroup 53, as well as the ends 56 of the subgroup 54, are on a flat envelope surface but in different levels. The group of bristles 56, according to Figure 20, differs from that of Figure 19 in that the ends 59 of the central subgroup 60 are on a conical surface, while the ends 58 of the surrounding subgroup 57 are again on a plane . Finally, Figure 21 illustrates a group of bristles 61 in which the ends 62 of the group of bristle shells and the ends 63 of the group of central bristles are on a common conical surface. Figure 22 was already explained in relation to figure 18. Also in the embodiment according to figure 23 a central subgroup 64 with bristles of smaller diameter, is wrapped in all its periphery by a group of bristles 65 with larger bristles diameter, where the two subgroups have a square cross section. Of these, the embodiment according to FIG. 24 differs in that the central subgroup 66 and the subgroup 67 surrounding it are formed with a triangular cross section. Figure 25 shows an example of embodiment with a central subgroup 68 with an approximately oval cross section, in certain cases, also made up of several subgroups, which have bristles with a small cross section, while, in turn, the outer subgroup 69 that surrounds them, which can also be constituted by several subgroups, has larger diameter bristles.

Figure 26 shows a group of bristles with a central subgroup 70 constituted by few bristles of greater diameter and a subgroup 71 that surrounds it and may again be formed by several subgroups, presenting bristles of smaller diameter. The group of bristles according to figure 27 differs from the group of bristles with circular cross section according to figure 26 in which the central subgroup 72 is formed, in turn, in approximately circular form, but the outer subgroup 73 in square shape . Figure 28 shows a group of bristles 74 constituted by three subgroups 75, 76 and 77 that present cross sections in the form of circular sectors and complete a group of bristles 74 with circular cross section, where the groups are separated from each other by means of surfaces constraints 78. Subgroup 75 has smaller diameter bristles than those of subgroups 76 and 77. Figure 29 shows a group of bristles 79 consisting of a central subgroup 80 with smaller diameter bristles and four subgroups 81 with a lenticular cross section that surround The central subgroup 80 has smaller diameter bristles, while the surrounding lenticular groups 81 contain equal and larger diameter bristles. Between the central subgroup 80 and the external subgroups 81 there are curved limiting surfaces 82. Figure 30 shows a group of bristles 83 constituted by a central subgroup 84 with a circular cross section and six subgroups 85 with a cross section in the shape of a circular sector which surround The preparation of this group of bristles 83 was already explained by means of figures 1 to 5. The group of bristles 86, according to figure 31, is constituted by a central subgroup 87 and contiguous subgroups 88 with essentially square cross section, where the 87 subgroup has bristles with a larger diameter. Subgroups 89 with an essentially semicircular cross section containing, for example, bristles with the same diameter as those of the central subgroup 87 are coupled externally to subgroups 88. Figures 32 and 33 show a group of bristles 90 with an internal subgroup 91 and a subgroup 92 with a circular cross section surrounding it, where the internal subgroup 91 consists of extremely thin bristles and the external subgroup of larger diameter bristles, supporting on all sides the sows of the internal subgroup 91. The implementation example according to the Figures 34 and 35 differ from those of Figures 32 and 33 in that the external subgroup 93 and the internal subgroup 94 each have a square cross section and the thin bristles of the internal subgroup 94 project over the bristles of the external subgroup 93. Figure 36 shows an example of embodiment of the possibilities of designing a set of bristles, for example, for a brush dent to which only the head 100 and a part of the neck 101 are illustrated. On the head 100 are fixed, on a larger surface and close to the neck 101, individual bristles 102 forming a flat set, while in the front sector of the head of the head. bristles 100 are fixed groups of bristles 103 with essentially circular cross section. Each group of bristles 103 is constituted by an internal subgroup 104 and an external subgroup 105 arranged concentrically, where the ends of the bristles of the two subgroups 104 and 105 lie on a conical envelope surface. Figures 37 to 39 show, in turn, a head 100 and a neck 101 of a toothbrush. In the head 100 groups of bristles are fixed with essentially triangular cross sections, but with different triangular shapes. Thus, the group of bristles 106, located at the front end of the brush head, has a cross section in the shape of an equilateral triangle. The group of bristles is constituted by several subgroups, where the bristle ends of the subgroups are on an envelope surface 110 of an equilateral pyramid. Here the two following groups of bristles 107 are differentiated in that their cross section forms a scalene triangle, while the following groups of bristles 108 again possess the cross section of an equilateral triangle. The groups of bristles 109, close to the neck 101, have an extremely pointed triangular cross section. The ends of the bristles of all the subgroups are, as can be seen in figure 38, on a surrounding surface that corresponds to an equilateral pyramid or scale. Figure 40 shows, in turn, a toothbrush head 100 whose set of bristles is constituted, in the sector near the neck 101, by groups of cylindrical bristles 111 and in its front sector, by a group of large bristles 112 volume. The groups of cylindrical bristles 111 may be of a single type of bristle or also of two or more subgroups of different types of bristles. The group of bristles 112, located in the front sector of the brush head 100, is constituted by three subgroups 113, 114 and 115, arranged essentially concentrically to each other, but extending in the form of a cup towards the ends. The ends of the individual subgroups 113, 114 and 115 are, as seen in FIG. 41, on a convex envelope surface 116. The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 42 is an interchangeable head for an electric toothbrush. The head 116 has, for this purpose, a rod 117 for fastening it to the actuating part of the electric toothbrush. The head 116 is occupied with the groups of bristles 118 to 122, where the group of bristles 118 runs in a zig-zag shape and their ends protrude from the ends of the groups of bristles 119 to 122. The bristles of the group of bristles 118 and those of the groups of bristles 119 to 112 are constituted, preferably, by bristles of different type. The group of bristles 118 can, in given cases, be composed of several subgroups with bristles of the same or different type. Figure 43 shows an interchangeable head 123 for an electric toothbrush that is attached to the actuator part of the electric toothbrush by means of the rod 124. The bristle assembly is constituted by a single group of bristles 125, composed of two subgroups 126 and 127, where subgroup 126 stands out above subgroup 127 and its ends are on a spiral. Subgroups 126 and 127 may, in turn, be composed of several subgroups with the same type of sows. Figures 44 to 46 show different embodiments of a small applicator brush. In the embodiment example of figure 44, in a brush handle 128 is fixed a group of bristles 129 constituted by concentric subgroups 130 and 131, where the central subgroup 131 has shorter bristles, so as to generate a space 132 to accumulate the agent to apply. The embodiment according to Figure 45 differs from that of Figure 44 in that the central sub-group 133 is somewhat shorter, in order to obtain a larger accumulator space 133. In the example of embodiment according to Figure 46, the group of bristles 134 is constituted, in turn, by subgroups 135 and 136 arranged concentrically, where the central subgroup 136 is constituted by wavy bristles 137 (figure 46a), for a supply additional agent, which are also shorter than those of subgroup 135 that surrounds them.

Figure 47 shows a flat brush in whose handle 138 is fixed a group of bristles with a central subgroup 139 and a subgroup 140 surrounding it annularly. The bristles of the central subgroup 139 are arranged so that between them narrow capillaries are formed for the housing of paints or lacquers, while the bristles of the external subgroup 140 are in close contact with each other and prevent an exit of the medium to be applied, so as to create a flat brush with which the medium can be applied very exactly, in the form of strips.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects or products to which it refers.

Claims (24)

2. Having described the invention as above, it is claimed as property contained in the following claims: 1. Procedure for the manufacture of articles with bristles consisting of a carrier and, fixed thereto, arranged at least a group of bristles with a certain section cross and two different types of bristles, in which the bristles of one type are gathered in a subgroup and the subgroups that make up the group are arranged in convergent guides in the group of bristles and the group of bristles is then fixed in the carrier , characterized in that the bristles of each subgroup are transformed, in the guide that surrounds each subgroup of a shaping device, to a cross section corresponding to its subsection in the group of bristles, then arranging the subgroups in the guides, maintaining its transversal subsections, to obtain the section of the group of sows. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the subgroups arranged in a group of bristles are each constituted by a different number of bristles.
3. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the groups of bristles, after arranging the subgroups, are transferred to a clamping device by means of which the groups of bristles are transported to be fixed in the carrier. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bristles of each subgroup are compacted during shaping in the shaping device. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all the groups of bristles of a set of bristles of the article with bristles are generated simultaneously in the shaping device. The method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that all the groups of bristles of a set of bristles of the article with bristles are transferred to a holding device that houses all the groups of bristles. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all the groups of bristles of a set of bristles of the article with bristles are successively formed in the conforming device and are transferred to a clamping device that houses all the bristles. groups of sows. The method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the subgroups are transferred to the clamping device with different lengths after arranging them in the group of bristles, cutting them flat between the forming device and the clamping device. . The method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the groups of bristles are retained in the attachment device. The method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bristles of the groups of bristles retained in the clamping device are processed mechanically at their useful ends, for example rounded. The method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bristles that are in the clamping device in the non-retained state can be displaced relative and axially to each other, in order to place their useful ends on different surfaces envelopes. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the bristles of one or more subgroups are moved relative and axially to each other, in order to place their useful ends on different wrapping surfaces. The method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the bristles located in the clamping device are prepared at their fastening ends, opposite to the tools, for their attachment to the lens carrier. The method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the subgroups remain little distanced when arranging the group of bristles. The method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the subgroups are arranged closely close to each other in the group of bristles. The method according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the bristles of each subgroup are made from continuous monofilaments by placing the bristles of the same type on separate coils, such as continuous monofilament ropes, extracting the bristle strings of the same type of the coil and, forming with each one a subgroup and introducing them in the guides, where the bristles that constitute all the subgroups of a group of bristles are conducted simultaneously to the guides. The method according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the subgroups are constituted by bristles in the form of short pieces of suitable length. 18. The apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, to form a group of bristles consisting of at least two subgroups with bristles of different types for each subgroup, it is provided at least a coil with a rope of monofilaments of the same type of bristles, then the coils are arranged at least one extractor device, each with a guide channel for each rope, and then each extractor device a stationary shaping device with the amount corresponding to shaping channels that, in their mouths facing the extractor device, are aligned with their guide channels and at the mouth of their opposite end they present a transversal subsection that modifies the cross section of the subgroup and, at the same time, converge towards a cross section envelope that corresponds to the cross section of the group of bristles, where the cords can be extracted from the coils by means of the extractor device, linearly movable, and slide through the forming device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that behind the forming device is interposed a clamping device for a group of bristles, movable, which has clamping channels with a shape and arrangement that corresponds to the shaping channels of the device shaper oriented towards the same, where the subgroups arranged in the group of bristles and shaped in the shaping device can be transferred to the clamping device and a cutting device for cutting is then inserted between the shaping device and the clamping device. to the desired length the group of bristles that is in the clamping device and the clamping device is moved with the group of bristles to fix the group of bristles in the lens holder. 20. The apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the shaping channels of the shaping device have a cross-sectional area that decreases in the direction of the modification of the cross section. The apparatus according to one of the claims 18 to 20, characterized in that at least two separately displaceable extractor devices are arranged in series and optionally act together or selectively on the cords forming the subgroups and introduce the subgroups with a length same or different in the clamping device. The apparatus according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the extractor devices and the clamping device are constituted by superimposed parallel plates, one of which is displaceable in the direction transverse to the guide or clamping channels, as a retainer plate. 23. The apparatus according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that the holding device with the group of bristles retained can be passed through equipment for processing and / or treating the useful and / or fixing ends. 2
4. 4. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that with the loose retainer plate, the bristles of the group of bristles or of the subgroups can be moved relative and axially to each other.