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MXPA00012995A - Absorbent article exhibiting high sustained acquisition rates - Google Patents

Absorbent article exhibiting high sustained acquisition rates

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Publication number
MXPA00012995A
MXPA00012995A MXPA/A/2000/012995A MXPA00012995A MXPA00012995A MX PA00012995 A MXPA00012995 A MX PA00012995A MX PA00012995 A MXPA00012995 A MX PA00012995A MX PA00012995 A MXPA00012995 A MX PA00012995A
Authority
MX
Mexico
Prior art keywords
liquid
absorbent article
absorbent
acquisition
jet
Prior art date
Application number
MXPA/A/2000/012995A
Other languages
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Bruno Johannes Ehrnsperger
Mattias Schmidt
Georgios Poursanidis
Original Assignee
Bruno Johannes Ehrnsperger
Goldman Stephen Allen
Mattias Schmidt
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bruno Johannes Ehrnsperger, Goldman Stephen Allen, Mattias Schmidt, The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical Bruno Johannes Ehrnsperger
Publication of MXPA00012995A publication Critical patent/MXPA00012995A/en

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Abstract

The present invention provides an absorbent structure to be used in an absorbent article such as a diaper, a training pant, an adult incontinence absorbent article, a bed mat, or the like, and the respective absorbent article. The absorbent structure of the present invention is able to rapidly acquire urine even against gravity as is quantified by the liquid drip off test defined herein.

Description

ABSORBENT ARTICLE THAT EXHIBITS SUSTAINED ELEVATED ACQUISITION SPEEDS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to absorbent articles for handling urine such as diapers, training pants, absorbent articles for adult incontinence, bed mats, and the like. In particular, the present invention relates to those absorbent articles that store urine by means of either capillary or osmotic pressure.
BACKGROUND Absorbent articles such as diapers, training pants, adult incontinence absorbent articles, bed mats, and the like, are well known in the art and are frequently used for example for babies, crawling babies, incontinent persons, and prostrate persons. in the bed. For many of the intended conditions of use, it is desirable that the absorbent articles exhibit high sustained acquisition speeds. For example, in the field of baby diapers it is desired to acquire the urine discharged at a high velocity, most preferably with the velocity of urine being discharged from the body. This high absorption rate ensures that all the urine discharged is actually acquired in the absorbent article. Otherwise, urine that is not readily acquired may move on the surface of the absorbent article and on the skin resulting in prolonged contact of the skin with the urine. In addition, urine not acquired by the absorbent article may leak and result in run-off in the absorbent article. Certain conditions of use require a particularly good acquisition performance of the absorbent article. Frequently, urine is discharged from the body in a direction that is different from the direction of gravity. When such urine comes into contact with an absorbent article, the absorbent article is required to acquire that urine against gravity. For example, when the user of the absorbent article lies on his back the direction of the urine discharge is anywhere between horizontal and upward. Therefore, urine that is not immediately acquired in the absorbent article will either run off the absorbent article or move downward and cause the above problems. Apparently, the higher rate of urine acquisition by the absorbent article the less urine that may leak from the top sheet of the absorbent article. More preferably, the liquid acquisition rate of the absorbent article is at least 50% of the urination rate of the intended uses of the absorbent article. Most preferably, the liquid acquisition rate is at least 95% of the intended uses of the absorbent article. Furthermore, it is desirable for such absorbent articles to exhibit such high liquid absorption rates even for a plurality of subsequent jets. For example, in the baby diaper field typical wear time extends over average protections around four liquid jets. Of course, it is then desired that the absorbent article also absorb the fourth jet at a sufficiently high speed. It is also important that the liquid be acquired by the absorbent article and retained with sufficient force not to move out of the absorbent article again. This means that the absorbent article must be capable of intermediate storage of the purchased liquid in case it is not directly absorbed by the final storage material. In the prior art, many of the absorbent articles have been most capable of providing sufficiently high absorption rates, and in particular have not been able to provide absorption rates in the range of the body's urine discharge ranges. Therefore, the discharged urine remains on the top sheet of the absorbent article thereby causing prolonged contact with the skin with the liquid or was diverting from the top sheet of the absorbent article thereby resulting in leakage. SoIt is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article that overcomes the problems possessed by absorbent articles of the prior art. It is a further object of the present invention to provide the absorbent article exhibiting a leakage of low liquid in the first jet and preferably also the fourth jet. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article exhibiting high absorption rates sustained in the first jet and preferably also in the subsequent jets up to the fourth jet.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid and a second member for the final storage of purchased liquid. The absorbent structure of the article of the present invention has a liquid leakage ratio of less than 50% the fourth jet from 75 ml to 15 ml / sec according to the liquid leakage test defined herein. Alternatively, the absorbent structure of the present invention having a leakage ratio of less than 4% in the first 75 ml to 15 ml / sec jet according to the liquid leakage test defined herein. Alternatively, the absorbent structure has a liquid leakage ratio of less than 60% in the third jet from 110 ml to 22 ml / sec according to the liquid leakage test defined herein. Alternatively, the absorbent structure has a liquid leakage ratio of less than 4% in the first jet from 110 ml to 22 ml / sec according to the leakage test defined herein. The present invention further provides an absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is described below by means of a variety of different modalities and by means of a variety of different characteristics. Additional embodiments of the present invention can be obtained by combining the characteristics of an embodiment with the features of another embodiment disclosed herein and / or with other features described herein. These additional embodiments are considered to be implicitly disclosed herein and therefore form a part of the present invention. It will be apparent to the skilled person that combinations of certain characteristics can lead to non-functional items that are not part of this present invention. The present invention provides an absorbent structure to be used in absorbent articles such as for example such as baby diapers, training pants, adult incontinent absorbent articles, bed mats, and the like. The present invention further provides the respective absorbent articles.
The term "urine management" includes testing limited to acquiring, distributing, and storing urine. The present invention provides an absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid and a second member for the final storage of the acquired liquid. In some embodiments, a unitary member may serve as a first member and as a second member it is an absorbent structure of the present invention. The absorbent structure of the present invention is capable of acquiring urine against gravity. Under many conditions of use, the direction of gravity is substantially different from being perpendicular to the surface of the absorbent structure through which urine is to be acquired in the absorbent structure. The other words, the urine is carried away from the direction of the optimal acquisition of liquid in the absorbent structure by the forces of gravity. In order to quickly acquire urine under conditions of use, the absorbent structure must not rely solely on the forces of gravity for liquid acquisition. Preferably, the absorbent structure of the present invention is capable of acquiring urine against gravity at least at the average speed with which urine is discharged from the body of the intended user. More preferably, the absorbent structure of the present invention is capable of acquiring urine against gravity by at least 95% of the urine discharge rate of the intended user. The term "urine discharge rate" as used herein refers to the rate at which urine is discharged from the urethra of the respective user. The speed of urine discharge varies substantially for different contexts of use. For example, in the context of baby diapers, it is known that urine is discharged from the baby's urethra that crawls on average at a rate of up to 15 ml / second. 95% >; of the urine discharge rate of crawling babies is 22 milliliters per second. It is further known that urination rates of up to 40 ml / sec can be found in adult incontinence persons. For the purposes of the present invention, the ability to acquire urine against gravity is quantified by the fluid leakage test defined below. The value of the leakage of liquid in the first jet is representative of the general operation of leakage of liquid from the absorbent structure, while the value of leakage of liquid in the additional jets is representative of the operation of minor, sustained leak, even for jets later. The absorbent structure according to the present invention has a leakage value of liquid in the first jet of 75 milliliters at 15 ml / sec less than 4%, preferably the leakage value of liquid in the first jet of less than 3%, so more preferably a liquid leakage value in the first jet of less than 2%, most preferably a liquid leakage value of less than 1%. Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention has a liquid leakage value in the second jet of 75 milliliters at 15 ml / sec less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, more preferably less than 10%, most preferably less than 5% Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention having a leakage value of liquid in the third jet of 75 milliliters at 15 ml / sec less than 40%, preferably less than 20%, most preferably 3% edge, most preferably less of 5%. Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention has a leak value of liquid in the fourth jet of 75 milliliters at ml / sec less than 50%, preferably lower 25%, more preferably less than 10%, most preferably less than 5%. Optionally, the absorbent structure according to the present invention has a leakage value of liquid in the first jet of 110 milliliters at 22 ml / sec less than 4%, preferably a leak value of liquid in the first minor jet 3%, more preferably a liquid leakage value in the first jet of less than 2%, most preferably a liquid leakage value of less than 1%.
Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention has a leakage value of liquid in the second jet 110 milliliters at 22 ml / sec less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, more preferably less than 10%, most preferably less of 5%. Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention has a leakage value of liquid in the third jet of 110 milliliters at 22 ml / sec less than 40%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 10%, most preferably less than 5% Optionally, the absorbent structure of the present invention has a leakage value of liquid in the fourth stream of 110 milliliters at 22 ml / sec less than 60%, preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 15%, most preferably less than 5%. Conventional absorbent structures such as those used in conventional absorbent articles are found to exhibit a much higher liquid leakage value for all previous jet numbers, all previous jet volumes;, and all previous jet velocities. The absorbent article of the present invention exhibits a high acquisition speed. In particular, the absorbent article exhibits a high sustained acquisition speed, i.e., the high acquisition speed even for a plurality of subsequent jets. High absorption rates are desired for multiple reasons. Rapid acquisition of the liquid in the absorbent article ensures a short contact time of the skin with the urine. Prolonged skin contact with fluids such as urine can result in excess hydrated skin and even dermatitis. In addition, urine that is not readily acquired in the absorbent article may play on the surface of the absorbent article and may instead cause runoff of the urine. For the purposes of the present invention, the liquid acquisition rates of the absorbent article of the present invention are quantified by the curve acquisition test disclosed hereinafter. The absorbent article according to the present invention has a liquid acquisition rate in the first jet of at least 5 milliliters per second, preferably liquid acquisition velocities in the first jet of at least 10 milliliters per second, more preferably of a liquid acquisition velocity in the first jet of at least 15 milliliters per second, most preferably a liquid velocity in the first jet of at least 22 milliliters per second. Alternately the absorbent article 1 according to the present invention has a liquid acquisition rate in the fourth stream of at least 2 milliliters per second, preferably of an acquisition velocity in the fourth jet of at least five milliliters per second, more preferably a liquid acquisition rate in the fourth stream of at least 10 milliliters per second, most preferably a rate of acquisition of liquid in the fourth stream of at least 15 milliliters per second. The absorbent article according to the present invention has a z-direction. The term "Z direction" as used herein refers to the direction that is perpendicular to the surface of the absorbent article near the intended loading point. The Z-direction is also referred to as the gauge of the absorbent article. It is desirable for the absorbent article according to the present invention to have a loading point Z-direction that is as small as possible to receive high volume between the user's legs. Preferably, the absorbent article according to the present invention has a loading point Z direction of less than 3 mm, more preferably less than 20 mm, most preferably less than 15 mm. The absorbent article according to the present invention has a Y direction. The term "Y direction" as used herein is reflected in the address that is 1 tensioned to the surface of the absorbent article near the loading point and which is perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent article. It is desirable that the absorbent article according to the present invention have a loading point direction Y which is as small as possible so as not to exhibit maximum value above the user's compliance. Preferably, the absorbent article according to the present invention has a load point Y direction of less than 100 millimeters, preferably less than 80 millimeters, most preferably less than 60 millimeters. It is another aspect of the present invention to provide an absorbent structure and the respective absorbent article which comprises gelling absorbent material, also known as superabsorbent material. Suitable examples of suitable uperabsorbent polymers, also often referred to as "hydrogel-forming polymer" or "gelling-absorbent material" are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,562,646 (Goldman et al.) Issued October 8. of 1996 and in U.S. Patent No. 5,599,335 (Goldman et al.) issued February 4, 1997. It is another spectrum of the present invention to provide a liquid handling member to be used as a first member in a structure absorbent of the present invention. Next, a suitable embodiment of the liquid handling member will be described. The liquid handling member is assembled from an open cell foam material which is completely covered by a membrane. A suitable membrane material is available from SEFAR of Rüschlikon, Switzerland, under the designation SEFAR 03-20 / 14. A suitable foam material is available from the Recticel of Brussels, Belgium, under the designation Bulpren S10 black. A suitable technique to completely cover the foam material with the ... A membrane material is to wrap the membrane material around the foam material and then heat seal all the open edges of the membrane material. It will be readily apparent to those skilled practitioners to choose other similarly suitable materials. Depending on the specific intended application of the liquid handling member, it may also be necessary to choose similar materials with slightly different properties. After assembly, the liquid handling member is activated by immersing the liquid handling member in water or in synthetic urine until the liquid handling member is completely filled with the liquid and until the membrane is completely wetted or moistened with liquid. the liquid After activation, a portion of the liquid within the liquid handling member can be excluded by applying an external pressure to the liquid handling member. If activation of the liquid handling member was successful, the liquid handling member should not suck air through the membranes. The particular geometry of the liquid handling member of the present invention may be varied according to the specific requirements of the intended application. If, for example, the liquid handling member is intended to be used in an absorbent article, the liquid handling member may be defined such that its intended liquid acquisition zone fits between the legs of the user and further that its area of attempted liquid discharge coincides with the shape of the storage member associated therewith. Accordingly, the external dimensions of the liquid handling member such as length, width or thickness can also be adopted to the specific needs of the intended application. In this context, it is to be understood, however, that the design of the external shape of the liquid handling member can have an impact on its operation. For example, the cross section of the liquid handling member impacts directly on its flow rate.
For the application of the liquid handling member in an absorbent article according to the present invention, the liquid handling member is combined with a storage member. The term "liquid storage member" refers to an absorbent article that is capable of acquiring and storing liquid. The volume of the liquid storage member can vary with the amount of liquid stored such as by swelling. Typically, the storage member will imbibe the liquid by means of capillary suction and / or osmotic pressure. Other storage members may also use vacuum as a means to store the liquid. The liquid storage member is also capable of retaining at least a portion of the liquid stored under pressure. Suitable storage members are well known in the art and may for example comprise a superabsorbent polymeric material such as polyacrylate. The storage member may further comprise a fibrous structure such as a cellulosic fibreous pad, in which the particulate superabsorbent material is dispersed. In order to capture the liquid discharge from the liquid handling member, the storage member may be placed in direct communication of the liquid with the intended liquid discharge area of the liquid handling member. A suitable storage member is for example a superabsorbent polymer as is available from CHEMDAL; United Kingdom, under the designation ASAP400. Additional examples of suitable superabsorbent polymers, often also referred to as "hydrogel-forming polymer" or "gelling-absorbent material", are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,562,646 (Goldman et al.), Issued October 8, 1996. and in U.S. Patent No. 5,599,335 (Goldman et al.), issued February 4, 1997. i Others; Liquid handling members suitable for the purposes of the present invention are described for example in PCT patent application No. PCT / US98 / 13497 entitled "Liquid transport member for high flow rates between two port regions" presented to name of Ehrnsperger et al. filed on June 29, 1998, and in the following PCT patent applications co-filed with the present application entitled "High-flux liquid transport members comprising two different permeability regions" (Case P &G CM1840MQ) filed in the name of Ehrnsperger et al., "Member of liquid transport for high flow velocities between two port regions" (Case P &G CM1841MQ) filed under the name of Ehrnsperger et al., "Member of liquid transport for high velocities of flow against gravity "(Case P &G CM1842MQ) filed in the name of Ehrnsperger et al.," Member of liquid transport that has regions of high permeability volume and port regions with high bubble point pressure "(Case P &G CM1843MQ) filed in the name of Ehrnsperger et al. All of these documents are attached here by reference. In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid handling member of the present invention is geometrically saturated or substantially saturated geometrically with the free liquid. The term "free liquid" as used herein refers to a liquid that is not bound to a specific surface or other entity. The free liquid can be distinguished from the bound liquid by measuring the spin relaxation time of proton T2 of the liquid molecules according to the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy methods well known in the art. The term "geometrically saturated" as used herein refers to a region of the porous material in which the hollow spaces accessible for the liquid have been filled with the liquid. The hollow spaces referred to in this definition are those that are present in the actual geometric configuration of the porous material. In other words, a geometrically saturated device may still be able to accept additional liquid by and only changing its geometric configuration for example by inflating, although all the gaps in the device are filled with the liquid in the actual geometrical configuration. A device for handling liquids is called geometrically saturated, if all the porous materials that are part of the device and intended for liquid handling are geometrically saturated. The term "porous material" as used herein refers to materials comprising at least two phases a phase of solid material and a gas phase or hollow, and optionally a third liquid phase that may be partially or completely filling the spaces holes. The porosity of a material is defined as the ratio between the hollow volume and the total volume of the material, measured when the material is not filled with the liquid. Non-limiting examples for porous materials are foams such as polyurethane, HIPE, (see for example PCT patent application WO 94/13704), superabsorbent foams and the like, fiber assemblies such as meltblown webs, spunbond, carded , cellulose webs, fiber layers and the like, porous particles such as clays, zeolites and the like, geometrically structured materials such as tubes, balloons, channel structures, etc. Porous materials may absorb liquids even if they are not hydrophilic. The porosity of the materials is not therefore linked to their affinity with the liquid that could be absorbed. The term "substantially saturated geometrically" as used herein refers to a member in which at least 90% of the macroscopic hollow volume of the member is geometrically saturated, preferably at least 95% of the macroscopic hollow volume of the device is geometrically saturated, more preferably 97% of the macroscopic hollow volume of the device is geometrically saturated, most preferably 99% of the macroscopic hollow volume of the device is geometrically saturated. In one embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent article is a disposable absorbent article such as a diaper, a training pant, a sanitary napkin, and an adult incontinence article, or the like. Such an absorbent article may further comprise a liquid pervious topsheet, a backsheet impervious to the liquid at least partially attached peripherally to the topsheet. The absorbent article may further comprise an absorbent core that can serve as a storage member for the urine. The topsheet, backsheet and absorbent core suitable for the present invention are well known in the art. In addition, there are numerous additional features known in the art that can be used in combination with the absorbent article of the present invention such as, for example, closure mechanisms for attaching the absorbent article around the wearer's lower torso.
METHODS Unless stated otherwise, all methods are carried out under ambient conditions, ie 32 +/- 2 ° Celsius and 30-50 relative humidity. Unless stated otherwise, the synthetic urine used in the test methods is commonly known as Jayco SynUrine and is available from the Jayco Pharmaceuticals Company of Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. The formula for synthetic urine is: 2.0 g / l: KCl; 2.0 g / l of Na2SO4; 0.85 g / l of (NH4) H2PO4; 0.15 g / l (NH4) H2PO4; 0.19 g / l of CaCl2; ad 0.23 g / l MgCl2. All of the chemicals are in reactive grade. The pH of the synthetic urine is within the range of 6.0 to 6.4.
Liquid Leakage Test Method The Liquid Leak test helps simulate the distribution of urine on an absorbent article to handle urine when the user lies on his back. The following test is suitable for absorbent articles as a whole and can also be used for any member or any combination of absorbent article members such as the absorbent structure according to the present invention. This test is performed using deionized water as the test liquid. The following describes the key principles of the test: 1. The test sample is fixed to the bottom surface of a support structure, which forms an angle of 14 degrees with the horizontal plane. 2. The test liquid is distributed over the absorbent article at an opnation speed representative of the intended group of users. 3. Liquid that is not readily acquired in and retained within the article will leak from the absorbent article because of the inverted inclined configuration. Similar tests are well known in the art for example for non-woven materials such as the test method EDANA 152.0-99"special leakage of non-woven material" except for the reverse configuration of the absorbent article leading to leakage of test liquid of the test sample instead of the liquid leakage from it. The following description is adopted for absorbent articles that handle body fluids of the baby diaper type, and in particular for absorbent articles intended for babies in the weight range of approximately 9 to 18 kg. For these babies, the average urination rate for these babies is 15 milliliters per second, 95% of the rate of urination for the same babies is 22 milliliters per second.
However, the experienced person will be able to easily adopt this method for other purposes, such as for other sizes, or adult incontinence applications. When there is a need for the adoption of the method, the individual volume of the jet and the rate of supply should be adjusted to better reflect the average jet volume and the urination rate of a user group member attempted. The number of jets used in this test should be three or four depending on whether the total volume supplied by three or four jets is closer to the total capacity of the absorbent article to be tested. The diameter of the tube and the orifice should be adjusted together with the jet volume in such a way that the linear velocity of the test liquid in the orifice remains constant. The test sample is held on the lower surface of a flat support structure that forms an angle of 14 degrees with a horizontal one. The support structure is not absorbent and can be made from a wide variety of suitable materials such as Plexiglas. The test sample is fixed to the lower surface of the support surface by any suitable means that does not interfere with the handling of liquid from the test sample such as for example adhesive tapes. When the test sample is fixed to the support surface, the liquid receiving surface of the test sample to be tested should point down. The configuration of the test sample on the support structure should be as flat as possible. The test sample is oriented in such a way that its longitudinal dimension coincides with the inclination of the support structure. The front region of the test sample should be placed towards the upper end of the test structure while the posterior region of the test sample should be placed towards the lower end of the support structure. A container of liquid of suitable size is placed under the support structure in order to collect the liquid spilling from the absorbent article.
For test samples having the above-mentioned size, the first test protocol loads the test sample four times with 75 milliliters ± 2 milliliters of test liquid, at a rate of 15 milliliters per second, supplied at five minute intervals . Alternately, the second test protocol loads the test sample four times with 110 milliliters ± 2 milliliters of test liquid, at a rate of 22 milliliters per second, supplied at five minute intervals. The present description refers to an automatic procedure, including automatic data capture. Of course, analogous systems such as manual data recording can be used, as long as the principles described are followed. The test liquid is dispensed from a flexible tube with an internal diameter of 4.8 mm (external diameter of 14.4 mm), such as Tygon R-3603, available from Fisher Scientific, Germany, connected to test a liquid dosing pump such as for example available from Ismatec Laboratoriumstechnik from Wertheim Mondfeld, Germany, under the designation Pump Gear MCP-Z, which has a pump head available from Ismatec Laboratoriumstechnik from Wertheim Mondfeld, Germany, under the designation Micropump MOD O / C 020-000, with a pump control unit for starting and stopping the pump based on electrical signals. It is particularly important that the hole has an internal diameter of 4.8 mm in order to control the rate at which the test liquid is discharged from the orifice. The tube and the orifice are configured such that the test liquid is dispensed from the tube in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the absorbent article. The orifice of the tube is placed approximately 20 mm ± 1 mm away from the loading point of the absorbent article. The leakage of the test liquid from the test sample is collected in the liquid container placed under the support structure. The container is dimensioned in such a way that all the spillage of the test liquid from the test sample is collected. The amount of the test liquid received by the container is determined by the increase in the weight of the container during the test procedure. The weight increase of the liquid container is measured with the digital scale that has an accuracy of 10 micrograms. At the end of the four previous liquid dispensing cycles, liquid leakage is obtained for each of the jets. The leakage of liquid for each of the jets is reported as the percentage of the total volume of a respective individual stream that has escaped from the surface into the container.
Curve acquisition method Curve acquisition test methods help simulate the introduction of urine into a urine management device. A similar test method is described in PCT patent application No. IB99 / 00741 (Case P &G CM2060FQ) incorporated herein by reference. The following describes the key principles of this test: 1. The device is held in a curved configuration to more realistically simulate the position of the device in a standing or sitting user. 2. The vertical real configuration requires that the applied liquid must be distributed against gravity. 3. The global configuration provides the key data of acquisition, distribution and storage of liquid within the various materials thus providing a better understanding of the properties of the material, and their combined operation. 4. The apparatus includes a pressurized air cushion, which allows to better analyze the products which have any variable thickness through various parts thereof, or which exhibit a pronounced change in thickness throughout the loading process. The following description is adopted for devices for handling urine of the type of baby diaper, and in particular for devices intended for babies in a weight range of approximately 9 to 18 kg. However, the skilled person will be able to easily adopt it for other purposes, such as for other sizes, or applications for adult incontinence. The test sample is maintained in a Plexiglas device; Curved that uses a soft, flexible air bag, which is used to simulate the various pressures of babies between 0.69 kPa - 6.9 kPa, and the test sample is loaded with subsequent jets of liquid, with appropriate waiting time between them . The key result of this test is the time for the fluid from each of the effusions or jets to penetrate the test sample. After loading the test sample by this test, the test sample can be used for further analysis, such as rewet measurement, preferably by the post-curved acquisition collagen rewet method (PCACORM) as described in PCT patent application IB99 / 00741 (Case P &G CM2060FQ), either by measuring the gauge, or by measuring the distribution of the liquid, such as by determining the loading in various sections of the test sample. For test samples having the above-mentioned size, the standard protocol charges the test sample four times with 75 ml +/- 2 ml, at a rate of 15 ml / sec, delivered at one-hour intervals. The present description refers to an automated procedure, including automatic data capture. Of course, analogous systems such as manual data recording can be used, as long as the principles described are followed.
The test equipment is illustrated schematically in Figure 6 of PCT patent application No. IB99 / 00741 (Case P &G CM2060FQ) incorporated herein by reference. The complete equipment, or preferably a multiplicity thereof for ease of replication is placed inside a chamber of controlled conditions with ambient temperature and humidity within the following limits: Temperature: 32 ° C + 2 ° (90 ° F + 3 ° F) Relative humidity: 50% + 10% If a form of deviation from this protocol is considered appropriate, they should be explicitly stated in the protocol. The curve acquisition tester comprises four important parts: (The size of the unit is adapted for baby diapers and may have to be changed according to the article for other intended uses). a) A retention unit which is essentially made of perspex / plexiglas. It has been found that the appropriate 5 mm thick plates provide sufficient strength to operate without undue deformation. The essential part of the retention unit is the basin having a rectangular upper opening of 130 mm extending outward from the drawing plane, and a width of 260 mm. The rectangular bowl has a length of about 200 mm and ends in a semi-cylindrical shape having a radius of 130 mm. The holding unit has one or more means for retaining the loading unit in place, shown therein by a hinged lid and corresponding fixing means, such as screws. The holding unit further comprises means for stable support. b) A loading unit comprising a liquid application means which is designed to accommodate in the cuvette of the retention unit, having a rectangular section having a length of approximately 180 mm, and having a cross section of approximately 100 mm by 128 mm, finishing a semi-cylindrical section that has a radius of 100 mm. The loading unit further comprises a flange, which allows the bowl unit to be hung by being larger than said bowl opening, and which also prevents the loading unit from being pushed out of the bowl being retained by the lid. The space for, the vertical movement of the loading unit is approximately 4 cm. The total load unit is made from the same material as the holding unit, and can weigh about 1 kg, including the liquid application medium. c) The liquid application means comprises a Plexiglas tube having an internal diameter of 47 mm, and a height of approximately 100 mm. This is firmly fixed to a circular opening having a diameter of approximately 50 mm through the loading unit, positioned centrally around the lowest point of the semi-cylindrical portion. The opening of the tube is covered by an open mesh (such as a wire mesh with openings of approximately 2 mm separated by 1 mm filaments), to be flush with the opening of the loading unit. A flexible tube with a diameter of 6 mm, such as Norpren A60G (6404-17), available from the Colé Parmer Instrument Company, IL, USA, is connected to the test fluid dosing pump, such as the digital pump, cataloged by No. G-07523-20, which has an easy charge pump head, number G-07518-02, both by Cole-Parmer Instrument Company, IL, USA, with a pump control unit to allow ignition and Stop the pump based on electrical signals. Two electrodes are placed at the opposite points just inside the mesh at the lower end of the Plexiglas pipe, to be able to detect the interruption of the electric current through the electrolyte fluid, once the tube is emptied. The electrodes are connected via a cable to a time signal measurement unit. d) A pressure generating means comprises a flat, flexible air cushion, as generally available for medical purposes (blood pressure measurement), having an uninflated dimension of 130 mm by 600 mm, which can be inflated by means of a manual pump and a valve with a pressure recording device, which can be connected to an electric transducer to provide an electrically controlled signal; trable that corresponds to the pressure. This system is designed to operate at pressures up to 6.89 kPa (1 psi), and is adjusted for the standard procedure of 2.07 kPa (0.3 psi). e) Optionally, the apparatus may comprise an automatic control unit, such as a computerized control unit, connected to the pump control unit, the stopwatch and the pressure recorder which may also operate several units of measurement in parallel. The suitable program is for example LabView® by National Instruments, Munich, Germany. A complete test equipment can be supplied by High Tech Company, Ratingen / Germany, D-64293 Darmstadt.
Steps to assemble the acquisition equipment 1) Calibration of the pump: before starting the experiment, the pump must be calibrated to ensure the flow rate of 75 ml for 5 seconds. If necessary, the pipe must be replaced. 2) Preparation and thermal equilibrium of the test fluid. 3) Placement of the cushion in the bucket without folds or creases. 4) Weigh the total device that will be tested to the nearest 0.01 g in the top load balance. Mark the loading point on the test sample with a pen. The positioning and fixing (such as by a suitable adhesive tape) of the test sample to the loading unit, such that the liquid receiving surface is oriented towards the loading unit (and hence the back sheet towards the cushion) ) to have the opening aligned with the loading point of the device. The device is then placed on the curved load unit without cutting the elastic leg or other elastic, if present, with the marked loading point located below the center of the tube, and fixed to the load unit by means of suitable fixation , such as tape. Generally, the configuration of the device should resemble a typical usage configuration as closely as possible. The device is then placed together with the charging unit in the tester, and the electrode wires are connected. 5) The lid is closed, and fixed with screw. 6) The cushion is then inflated to the desired pressure, ie 2.07kPa (0.3psi), thus pushing the load unit against the cap, and thus exerting pressure on the test sample. 7) The end of the flexible tube is placed in such a way that it goes towards the center of the opening and extends approximately 5 cm into the tube. 8) The liquid pump is turned on for the preset time (ie 5 seconds), and at the same time for acquisition of the stopwatch. 9) When emptying the Plexiglas tube the electrodes provide a stop signal of the acquisition time timer, upon which the waiting time is initiated by the chronometer for 5 minutes. 10) The charging cycle (step 7, 8 and 9) is repeated up to a total of four times.
Results At the end of the previous cycle, the respective acquisition speeds for each "jet" can be calculated by dividing the jet load (ie, 75 ml) by the time in seconds required for each jet. (If the acquisition speeds are obtained close to the liquid delivery rates (ie 15 ml / sec), the test and registration conditions can be changed respectively.)

Claims (12)

1. An absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid, a second member for the final storage of the acquired liquid, characterized in that the absorbent article has a liquid leakage ratio of less than 50% in the fourth jet from 75 ml to 15 ml / sec according to the liquid leak test defined here.
2. An absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid, a second member for the final storage of the liquid acquired by means of capillary or osmotic pressure, characterized in that the absorbent article has a leakage ratio of liquid less than 4% in the first 75 ml jet at 15 ml / sec according to the liquid leak test defined here.
3. An absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid, a second member for the final storage of the acquired liquid, characterized in that the absorbent article has a leakage ratio of less than 60% in the liquid. third jet from 110 ml to 22 ml / sec according to the liquid leak test defined here.
4. An absorbent structure comprising a first member for the acquisition of liquid and the distribution of liquid, a second member for the final storage of the acquired liquid, characterized in that the absorbent article has a leakage ratio of less than 4% in the liquid. first jet of 110 ml at 22 ml / sec according to the liquid leakage test defined here.
An absorbent structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second member stores the liquid by a means selected from the group of capillary forces or osmotic forces.
6. An absorbent structure according to claim 5, wherein said second member comprises a gelling absorbent material.
An absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said absorbent article has a first jet acquisition rate of at least 5 ml / sec according to the Speed Test of Acquisition Curve defined here.
An absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said absorbent article has a rate of acquisition of the fourth jet of at least 2 ml / sec according to the Speed Test of Acquisition Curve defined here.
An absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said absorbent article having a Z dimension substantially perpendicular to the surface of the acquisition region near the loading point of the absorbent article, wherein the Z dimension of the absorbent article is less than 30 millimeters.
An absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said absorbent article having a Y dimension substantially tangential to the surface of the acquisition region near the loading point of the absorbent and perpendicular article. to the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent article, where the dimension Y is smaller than 100 mm.
11. An absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said absorbent article is a disposable absorbent article.
12. An absorbent article according to claim 11, wherein said absorbent article is a disposable diaper.
MXPA/A/2000/012995A 1998-06-29 2000-12-20 Absorbent article exhibiting high sustained acquisition rates MXPA00012995A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCPCT/US1998/013449 1998-06-29
PCPCT/US1998/013521 1998-06-29
PCPCT/US1998/013497 1998-06-29
PCPCT/US1998/013523 1998-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
MXPA00012995A true MXPA00012995A (en) 2002-02-26

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