LU505555B1 - Disconnector - Google Patents

Abstract

A circuit breaker (10) with short-circuit shutdown for a direct current network, the circuit breaker (10) having three corresponding input and output connections (12, 14) and comprising: a first input and output connection (12A, 14A) of the circuit breaker (10) for a first pole, a first fuse element (3A) being arranged between the first input and output connections (12A, 14A); a second input and output connection (12B, 14B) of the circuit breaker (10), a short-circuit switch (7) and an evaluation and control unit (5) being arranged between the second input and output connections (12B, 14B) of the circuit breaker (10), and the evaluation and control unit (5) being adapted to detect a short circuit on an input or output side of the circuit breaker (10) and to actuate the short-circuit switch (7); a third input and output terminal (12C, 14C) of the circuit breaker (10) for a second pole, wherein a second fuse element (3A) can be arranged between the third input and output terminals (12C, 14C); and wherein the second input terminal (12B) is electrically connected to the third input terminal (12C) and the second output terminal (14B) is electrically connected to the first output terminal (14A) in order to trigger the first fuse element (3A) arranged between the first input and output terminals (12A, 14A) upon detection of a short circuit, or the second input terminal (12B) is electrically connected to the first input terminal (12A) and the second output terminal (14B) is electrically connected to the third output terminal (14C) in order to trigger the second fuse element (3B) arranged between the third input and output terminals (12C, 14C) upon detection of a short circuit. Furthermore, the invention relates to two systems (1) each comprising a circuit breaker (10) and an electronic switch (20).

Description

Disconnector LU505555

The invention relates to a circuit breaker with short-circuit shutdown for a

DC network according to the preamble of claim 1, and a system comprising a circuit breaker and an electronic switch according to claims 6 and 7.

Such a circuit breaker has three corresponding input and output

Output terminals. Such isolating switches are also often referred to in the art as fuse isolating switches or load-break switches. Typically, such isolating switches are designed as 3-phase fuse isolating switches. In particular, such 3-phase fuse isolating switches can be used with a range of

fuse types may be suitable. For example, the 3-phase

Fuse disconnectors shall be designed for use with RK1 and RK 5 fuses commonly used in the USA, or with low-voltage heavy-duty fuses,

NH, Diazed fuses, NDZ, Neozed fuses, or DO2, cylindrical fuses, which are common in the EU. Furthermore, the 3-phase

Fuse disconnectors also for use with cylindrical fuses, as used in the

USA and the EU.

Known circuit breakers comprise a housing made of insulating material with a cover that covers a space for the fuse elements. The cover can be opened about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuse elements arranged in the housing. The cover usually has coupling means for coupling to the fuse elements, which are often also referred to as fuse links, whereby the fuse elements, when the cover is opened, interrupt the electrical

Disconnect the connection between the respective input and output connection, or the coupling means for the safety elements are firmly connected to the cover, so that when this cover is opened, the safety elements are released from the

The housing can be pulled out at least partially. By opening the cover, the blade contacts of the

Fuse elements are pulled out from spring contacts on the input and output terminals. Such circuit breakers enable essentially safe opening of the circuit breakers with a safe galvanic isolation between the input and output terminals.

output connections, as well as the complete removal of the cover with the

fuse elements from the base. This provides protection against accidental activation of the circuit breaker during work on the electrical system.

Disconnector is described, for example, in WO 2009/033838 A1.

In the present invention, a circuit breaker as described above is intended to be used in a

DC network, which makes it possible to safely switch off even high currents that flow, for example, in the event of a short circuit.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a circuit breaker with

To provide a short-circuit shutdown device for a direct current network that can be manufactured cost-effectively and with which a direct current network can be switched safely and reliably.

This object is achieved by an article having the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, the short-circuit disconnector for a DC network, which has three corresponding input and output terminals, comprises: a first input and output terminal for a first pole, wherein a first

The safety element can be arranged between the first input and

output terminal; a second input and output terminal, wherein a short-circuit switch and a

Evaluation and control unit, arranged between the second input and output terminal, and wherein the evaluation and control unit is adapted to

Detecting a short circuit on an input or output side of the

disconnector and for operating the short-circuit switch; a third input and output terminal for a second pole, wherein a second

The safety element can be arranged between the third input and

output terminal; and wherein the second input terminal is connected to the third input terminal and the second

Output terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal in order to

Detecting a short circuit, the first fuse element arranged between the first input and output terminals by closing the

short-circuit switch, or the second input terminal to the first input terminal and the second

Output terminal is electrically connected to the third output terminal in order to

Detecting a short circuit, the second fuse element arranged between the third input and output terminals by closing the

short-circuit switch.

The circuit breaker has three corresponding input and output terminals.

Output connections. The input and output connections can be designed, for example, as screw or clamp connections that extend through a housing to the outside for external contacting. Within the housing, the

Input and output terminals are designed as spring contacts to accommodate blade contacts of the elements that can be inserted therein, such as the

The circuit breaker may also have a cover that protects the

Space for the fuse elements when switched on. The cover can further comprise coupling elements for arranging and holding the fuse elements in the cover and can be hinged or tiltable perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuse elements or the input and output connections. When the cover is hinged open, the fuse elements can break the electrical connection between the respective input and output connections. For example, the coupling elements for the fuse elements, which are permanently connected to the cover, can pull the fuse elements out of the spring contacts of the respective input and/or output connection when the cover is opened.

The first fuse element can be arranged, or is arranged in the switched-on state, between the first input and output terminals of the circuit breaker.

When switched on, the first fuse element can create a conductive

A connection can be established between the first input and output terminals of the circuit breaker. For example, the positive line of the DC network can be arranged or connected as the first pole at the first input and output terminals. Similarly, the second fuse element can be arranged, or arranged in the switched-on state, between the third input and

Output terminal of the circuit breaker. When switched on, a conductive connection can be established between the third input and output terminal of the circuit breaker by means of the second fuse element. For example, the negative line of the DC network can be arranged as the second pole at the third input and output terminal, or switched by the fuse disconnector. Alternatively, the negative line of the DC network can be arranged as the first pole at the first input and output terminal, and

The positive line of the DC network must be arranged as the second pole between the input and output connections.

The first securing element and the second securing element can be used as LU505555

fuses and a housing of a low-voltage

high-performance fuse, NH, or another fuse element, for

Arrange in the circuit breaker.

A short-circuit switch and an evaluation and control unit can be arranged, or arranged in the switched-on state, between the second input and

Output connection of the disconnector. For example, the short-circuit switch and the evaluation and control unit can also be installed in a housing of a low-voltage

A high-performance fuse (NH) must be arranged in the circuit breaker. The short-circuit switch can be used to establish and interrupt a conductive connection between the second input and output terminals.

By connecting the second input terminal to the third

input terminal and the second output terminal with the first

Output terminal of the circuit breaker, the short-circuit switch can

A short-circuit switch can be understood as a switching element, such as a transistor or a thyristor, which is closed in the event of a detected short circuit in order to

To switch short-circuit current through the first fuse element in order to trigger it.

For example, the current in the positive or negative line can be measured by means of at least one

current sensor and compared with the defined current value or a threshold value corresponding to the short-circuit current.

The current sensor can be connected to the evaluation and control unit and, in one embodiment, is included in the circuit breaker.

For example, in order to protect the first fuse element in the event of a short circuit on the

output side, the first fuse element, the electrically conductive

Connection between the first and second input terminal, the

Short-circuit switch and the electrically conductive connection between the second and third output terminals are connected in series.

Alternatively, in order to protect the second fuse element in case of a short circuit on the

input side, the second fuse element, the electrically conductive

Connection between the second and third input terminal, the

Short-circuit switch and the electrically conductive connection between the second and first output terminal are connected in series.

When a short circuit is detected, the evaluation and control unit can activate the LU505555

Actuate the short-circuit switch accordingly to trigger the first fuse element. 5 When the short-circuit current is switched through the first fuse element, i.e. when the second input terminal is connected to the third input terminal and the second

Output terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal, between the third input and output terminal for the second pole, a second

A fuse element can be arranged. Alternatively, it is sufficient to arrange only one conductive element between the third input and output terminals to trigger the first fuse element in the event of a short circuit.

Alternatively, the short-circuit current can also be switched by the second fuse element, i.e. if the second input terminal is connected to the first

input terminal and the second output terminal with the third

Output terminal is electrically connected. Here you can switch between the first input and

Output terminal for the first pole, the first fuse element must be arranged.

Alternatively, it is sufficient to have only one conductive element between the first

Input and output terminals to ensure that in the event of a short circuit the second

To trigger the safety element.

The terms first, second and third input and output terminals can be used herein to refer to the three corresponding input and output

Output terminals are used, whereby the terms first, second and third do not necessarily reflect a sequence of the terminals in the circuit breaker. Rather, these terms can be used to designate one, another, and yet another of the three corresponding input and output terminals arranged in any order in the circuit breaker. Thus, the

Short-circuit switch, for example, between input and output terminals in the

be located in the middle of the circuit breaker or between two adjacent

Fuse elements can be arranged between corresponding input and output terminals. Alternatively, the short-circuit switch can also be arranged externally, with the fuse elements arranged to one side of the short-circuit switch in the disconnector.

The inventive disconnector with short-circuit protection for a DC network allows the cost-effective use of commercially available three-phase disconnectors in a DC network. Depending on the DC network's dimensions, the fuse elements and short-circuit switch are designed differently and are modularly interchangeable.

In one embodiment, the isolating switch is designed as a 3-pole isolating switch for

Low-voltage high-performance fuses, NH, are trained. In other

In some configurations, the circuit breaker can also be equipped with other fuse elements, such as Diazed fuses, NDZ, Neozed fuses, DO2,

Cylindrical fuses, Class RK1 fuses, or Class RK5 fuses can be used.

In one embodiment, a housing of the first fuse element, the second fuse element and a housing of the short-circuit switch and the

Evaluation and control unit, a form factor of an NH fuse element, in particular sizes NH-00 to NH-3.

In one embodiment, the evaluation and control unit is designed to detect a

Short circuit in connection with a current sensor located in the positive or negative line.

In one embodiment, the evaluation and control unit is connected to the current sensor via (i) a radio link, (ii) an optical fiber, (iii) an infrared link, (iv) a

Ultrasonic path, or via (v) a wire connection.

The invention also relates to a system with short-circuit shutdown for a

DC network, comprising: a circuit breaker which connects three corresponding input and

output terminals, and comprising at least one first fuse element which can be arranged between a first input and output terminal of the

Disconnector for interrupting the flow of current in a positive line or in a

Negative line connected to the first input and output terminals; and an electronic switch for separating a current flow between a first and a second mains terminal of the electronic switch, wherein the electronic

switch is connected to the isolating switch, and wherein the electronic switch has a

short-circuit switch and an evaluation and control unit, wherein the

Evaluation and control unit is adapted to detect a short circuit and to actuate the short-circuit switch, wherein the short-circuit switch is adapted to switch a short-circuit current through the at least first fuse element, for LU505555

Triggering at least the first safety element.

The circuit breaker may be the circuit breaker already described herein and be adapted to switch the two poles of a

DC network.

In contrast to the previously described disconnector, the short-circuit switch and the evaluation and control unit are not arranged in the disconnector, but are implemented in an electronic switch that is connected to the disconnector or is connected upstream of the disconnector.

In one embodiment, the first output terminal is connected to the short-circuit switch. Thus, the short-circuit switch is connected to the first and second

Output terminal connected to trigger the first fuse element.

For example, the first output terminal may be connected to the second output terminal and the second input terminal is connected to the electronic switch.

The invention further relates to a system comprising: a circuit breaker which has three corresponding input and output

output terminals, and comprising: a blade contact which is arrangeable between a second input and

Output terminal of the circuit breaker, wherein the second output terminal is connected to the first or third output terminal of the circuit breaker, and wherein the

Blade contact leading the safety elements when opening the

isolating switch; and an electronic switch for isolating a current flow between a first and a second mains connection of the electronic switch, wherein the electronic

Switch is connected to the isolating switch, and wherein the electronic switch is adapted to interrupt the flow of current between the first and the second mains connection when the blade contact is opened.

The circuit breaker, which connects three corresponding input and

output connections, can be constructed as previously described.

The input and output terminals can be designed as screw or clamp terminals that extend through a housing to the outside for external contacting. LU505555 Within the housing, the input and output terminals can be designed as

Spring contacts are designed to accommodate blade contacts of the

The circuit breaker may also have a cover that protects the

Space for the fuse elements when switched on. The cover can further comprise coupling elements for arranging and holding the fuse elements in the cover and can be hinged or tiltable perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuse elements or the input and output connections. When the cover is hinged open, the fuse elements can break the electrical connection between the respective input and output connections. For example, the coupling elements for the fuse elements, which are permanently connected to the cover, can pull the fuse elements out of the spring contacts of the respective input and/or output connection when the cover is opened.

A first fuse element can be arranged, or arranged in the switched-on state, between the first input and output terminals of the

The positive line of the DC network can be arranged at the first input and output terminal, or by the

The first fuse element and the second

Fuse elements can be designed as fuses and have a housing of a low-voltage high-performance fuse, NH, for arrangement in the

Fuse disconnector.

In the switched-on state, the blade contact is arranged in the spring contacts of the second input and output terminals between the second input and output terminals of the circuit breaker to establish an electrically conductive connection between the second input and output terminals. A blade contact can be understood herein as a knife-like or knife-edge-like section of an electrically conductive material, which, as previously described, can be arranged between the second input and output terminals.

The blade contact is leading compared to the safety elements when opening the

The term “leading” can be understood here as meaning that when the disconnector is opened, the current path between the second input and

Output terminal is disconnected first, i.e., before the current paths between the first and third input and output terminals are disconnected. For this purpose, the blade contact can have a lower contact height than the contact heights of the LU505555

Due to its geometric design and short length, the blade contact can be used in comparison to a larger

Length of the safety elements designed as knife fuses, temporally the

Disconnect the current path between the second input and output terminal earlier than the fuse elements designed as blade fuses can disconnect their respective current paths.

The electronic switch may comprise a semiconductor switch having two semiconductors for switching a current between two corresponding first terminals of the first and second mains terminals. A first terminal of the second

A mains terminal may be connected as a positive lead to the first input terminal and a third terminal of the second mains terminal may be connected as a negative lead to the third input terminal.

A second connection of the second mains connection can be connected to the second

input terminal to detect the opening of the circuit breaker, i.e. detecting that the blade contact between the second input and

Output connector has been removed.

Based on detecting that the current flow between the first and second mains terminals has been interrupted, the electronic switch interrupts the current flow between the first and second mains terminals.

The system according to the invention thus allows the cost-effective use of commercially available 3-phase fuse disconnectors in a DC network. Due to the leading blade contact in conjunction with the electronic

Switch, arc-free opening of the disconnector is possible. Depending on the dimensioning of the DC network, the fuse elements and the

Short-circuit switch modularly replaceable.

In one embodiment, the isolating switch is designed as a 3-pole isolating switch for

Low-voltage high-performance fuses, NH, are trained. In other

In some configurations, the circuit breaker can also be equipped with other fuse elements, such as Diazed fuses, NDZ, Neozed fuses, DO2,

Cylindrical fuses, Class RK1 fuses, or Class RK5 fuses can be used.

In one embodiment, a first fuse element is arranged between a first input and output terminal of the circuit breaker, and a second

The safety element is arranged between a third input and

Output terminal of the circuit breaker, with one housing of the first

fuse element and the second fuse element has a form factor of an NH-

fuse element, especially sizes NH-00 to NH-3.

In one embodiment, the blade contact has a contact height that is lower than the contact heights of the fuse elements.

The term “low contact height” can be used to describe a knife contact with a lower

height along the blade contact. For example, the

Contact height of the blade contact less than 50% of the height of the blade contacts of the

Security elements.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch has an evaluation and

Control unit, which can be designed, for example, as an electronic circuit or as an integrated circuit. The evaluation and control unit can, for example, detect an opening of the blade contact and, based on the

Detect or detect the electronic switch off. The detection of the

Opening the blade contact can be done in different ways.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch comprises a semiconductor switch comprising at least one semiconductor, wherein the semiconductor switch is adapted to

current flow between the first and the second mains connection, and wherein the semiconductor switch is arranged between two corresponding

Connections of the first and second network connection, and wherein the evaluation and

The control unit is adapted to operate the semiconductor switch.

The semiconductor switch has at least one semiconductor, in particular a

Transistor-formed power semiconductor, such as an “insulated-gate

Bipolar transistor IGBT power semiconductor. Furthermore, the semiconductor switch is adapted to switch a current of different polarity, wherein the semiconductor switch is arranged between two corresponding first terminals of the first and second power supply terminals. For example, the semiconductor switch can be arranged in a positive or negative line.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch has a bypass switch, in particular a switching contact of a bypass relay, wherein the bypass switch is arranged parallel to the semiconductor switch between the two corresponding terminals, and wherein the evaluation and control unit is adapted to the

To operate the bypass switch.

By using a bypass relay, power loss in the electronic

Switches can be saved, which means that a larger proportion of energy can be made available to the load.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch has a resistance element arranged between a positive or negative line and the second

Input connection, whereby the evaluation and control unit is adapted via a

Voltage drop across the resistance element to detect an opening of the circuit breaker.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch has a short-circuit switch, in particular a thyristor, which is adapted to switch a short-circuit current through at least one of the fuse elements, and wherein the evaluation and

Control unit is adapted to operate the short circuit switch.

The short-circuit switch is adapted to detect a short-circuit current through at least one of the

Fuse elements, depending on the circuitry, to switch this

To trigger the safety element.

For example, in one embodiment, the current in the negative line can be

current sensor and compared with a defined current value or a

threshold value corresponding to the short-circuit current. When a short circuit is detected, the current sensor and the short-circuit switch in

The evaluation and control unit connected to the short-circuit switch can be activated accordingly in order to trigger the at least one fuse element. In a further embodiment, a short circuit can also be detected by detecting the junction temperature on at least one of the semiconductors and the

Short-circuit switches can be controlled.

The concept underlying the invention will be explained in more detail below using the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures LUS05555. They show:

Fig. 1A and 1B Views of a circuit breaker with short-circuit shutdown for a

DC network;

Fig. 2A and 2B are views of a system comprising a circuit breaker and an electronic switch; and

Fig. 3A-3C schematic views of a circuit breaker with

Fuse elements and a knife contact.

Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker 10 with short-circuit shutdown for a

DC network according to one embodiment.

The circuit breaker 10 shown has three corresponding

Input terminals 12A, 12B, 12C and output terminals 14A, 14B, 14C.

The input and output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C extend outward through a housing for external contacting. Within the housing, the input and output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C are designed as spring contacts (shown in Figures 3A-3C) for receiving blade contacts of the

Fuse elements 3A, 3B. If the fuse elements 3A, 3B and the

Short-circuit switch 7, as well as the evaluation and control unit 5 are arranged in the spring contacts, the switches shown in the circuit diagram are closed in the paths between the corresponding input and output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C.

In the embodiment shown, the second input terminal 12B is connected to the third

Input terminal 12C and the second output terminal 14B is connected to the first output terminal 14A. The first input terminal 12A is, in the embodiment shown, the input terminal of a positive line and the first

Output terminal 14A is the output terminal of the positive line, i.e. the switched first input terminal 12A. The third input terminal 12C is in the shown

Embodiment of the input connection of a negative line and the third

Output terminal 14C is the output terminal of the negative line, i.e. the switched third input terminal 12C.

The first fuse element 3A for the positive line is arranged between the first input and output terminals 12A, 14A of the circuit breaker 10 when switched on. The second fuse element 3B for the negative line is arranged

State between the third input and output terminal 12C, 14C of the

Disconnector 10 is arranged.

The short-circuit switch 7 and the evaluation and control unit 5 are arranged in the switched-on state between the second input and output terminals 12B, 14B of the isolating switch 10. In the embodiment shown, the

Short-circuit switch 7 is realized by a thyristor, which in case of a detected

Short circuit from the evaluation and control unit 5, switches the short-circuit current through the first fuse element 5A in order to trigger this fuse element 5A.

Alternatively, the short-circuit current can also be measured through the second

Fuse element 3B can be switched off when the second input terminal 12B is electrically connected to the first input terminal 12A and the second output terminal 14B is electrically connected to the third output terminal 14C, as shown in Figure 1B.

The evaluation and control unit 5 is designed as an electronic circuit in the embodiment shown and is designed to detect a short circuit on the

Input or output side of the disconnector 10 and for operating the

short-circuit switch 7. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the

Evaluation and control unit 5 and the short-circuit switch 7 together in one

Housing which also corresponds to the housings of the fuse elements 5A, 5B.

To detect a short circuit, the evaluation and control unit 5 can be equipped with a

current sensor (not shown) located in the positive or negative line. For example, the evaluation and control unit 5 can be connected to the

Current sensor via (i) a radio link, (ii) an optical fiber, (iii) an infrared link, (iv) an ultrasonic link, or (v) a wired connection.

Figure 2A shows a view of a system comprising a circuit breaker 10 and an electronic switch 20 according to another embodiment.

The illustrated disconnector 10 is essentially constructed in the same way as the disconnector 10 previously shown in Figure 1.

The circuit breaker 10 shown in Figure 2A has three corresponding LU505555

Input terminals 12A, 12B, 12C and output terminals 14A, 14B, 14C. The

Input and output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C extend through a housing for external contacting. Within the housing, the

Input and output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C are designed as spring contacts for receiving contacts (not shown) of the fuse elements 3A, 3B and the blade contact 4. When the fuse elements 3A, 3B and the blade contact 4 are arranged in the spring contacts, the circuit diagram shown

Switches in the paths between the corresponding input and

Output terminals 12A, 12B, 12C, 14A, 14B, 14C closed.

In the embodiment shown, the second output terminal 14B is connected to the first

output terminal 14A. The first input terminal 12A is connected in the

Embodiment of the input connection of a positive line and the first

Output terminal 14A is the output terminal of the positive line, i.e. the switched first input terminal 12A. The third input terminal 12C is in the shown

Embodiment of the input connection of a negative line and the third

Output terminal 14C is the output terminal of the negative line, i.e. the switched third input terminal 12C. In the embodiment shown, the second input terminal 12B is connected in the switched-on state via the blade contact 4 to the

Positive line connected as shown via the connected output terminals 14A, 14B.

The first fuse element 3A for the positive line is arranged between the first input and output terminals 12A, 14A of the circuit breaker 10 when switched on. The second fuse element 3B for the negative line is arranged

State between the third input and output terminal 12C, 14C of the

Disconnector 10. The blade contact 4 is arranged between the second input and output terminals 12B, 14B of the disconnector 10 in the switched-on state.

The evaluation and control unit 5 is connected to the semiconductor switch 30 shown in

connection, or is adapted to operate the semiconductor switch 30. The shown

Semiconductor switch 30 comprises two semiconductors 30A, 30B and is adapted to switch a current of different polarity. As shown in Figure 2A, the

Semiconductor switch 30 is connected in the negative line between two corresponding terminals 22B, 24C of the first and second mains terminals 22, 24. In further

In some embodiments, the semiconductor switch 30 can also be connected in the positive line LU505555.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2A, the two semiconductors 30A, 30B are

Insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are shown. The two semiconductors 30A, 30B are configured to create a bidirectional switch. As shown in Figure 2, a first semiconductor 30A is embodied as an n-channel transistor, and a second semiconductor 30B is embodied as a p-channel transistor. The two semiconductors 30A, 30B have a common emitter terminal.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, a diode 32A, 32B is arranged antiparallel to each of the semiconductors 30A, 30B. A bypass switch 34, which in the embodiment shown is designed as a switching contact of a bypass relay, is arranged parallel to the semiconductor switch 3 between the two corresponding terminals 22A, 24C. When the

Bypass switch 34, the current path is bridged by semiconductor switch 3, or by semiconductors 30A, 30B, as shown in Figure 2. The bypass switch 34 is also controlled by evaluation and control unit 5.

In the embodiment shown, the current in the negative line is measured by means of a

Current sensor (not shown) and compared with a defined current value or a threshold value corresponding to the short-circuit current.

When a short circuit is detected, the evaluation and control unit 5 can

Short-circuit switch 7A accordingly to trigger the first fuse element 5A. In the embodiment shown, the short-circuit switch 7A is

Thyristor. In a further embodiment, the detection of the

Junction temperature on at least one of the semiconductors 30A, 30B, a short circuit can be detected and the short circuit switch 7A can be activated.

Optionally, a second short-circuit switch 7B can be arranged in the embodiment shown (shown with dashed lines) so that in the event of a short circuit the

Short-circuit current does not pass through the semiconductor switch 30 and/or the

Bridging switch 34 must be connected.

Figure 2B shows a view of a system comprising a circuit breaker 10 and an electronic switch 20 according to another embodiment. The circuit breaker 10 and the electronic switch 20 shown in Figure 2B correspond to the circuit breaker 10 and the electronic switch 20 already shown in Figure 2A, with the electronic switch 20 shown in Figure 2B further comprising a resistance element 6.

The electronic switch 20 shown in Figure 2B is, like the electronic switch 20 already shown in Figure 2A, connected to the second mains connection 24 with the

Input terminal 12 of the circuit breaker 10, and the electronic switch 20 is adapted to detect an opening of the blade contact 4 and based on the

Detect, to separate the current flow between the first and the second mains terminal 22, 24 of the electronic switch 20.

The opening of the blade contact 4 is detected in the shown electronic switch 20 by a voltage drop across the resistance element 6, which is connected to the

Blade contact 4 and the negative line via the terminals 24B, 12B and 24C, 12C. For this purpose, the resistance element 6 with the shown evaluation and

Control unit 5 in connection.

Figures 3A to 3C show schematic views of a circuit breaker 10 with a

Fuse element 3A and a blade contact 4.

Figure 3A schematically shows the first input and output terminal 12A, 14A of the three corresponding input and output terminals with the first fuse element 3A arranged therebetween in the switched-on state.

Figure 3B shows the structure shown in Figure 3A in the switched-off state.

The input and output terminals 12A, 14A can be screw or

Terminal connections (not shown) may be formed, which extend through a housing 16 to the outside for external contacting. Within the housing 16, the

Input and output terminals 12A, 14A designed as spring contacts, for

Recording of the contacts of the fuse element 3A. The contacts of the

Fuse element 3A are shown as blade contacts that fit into the spring contacts of the

Input and output terminal 12A, 14A can be inserted.

The schematically shown housing 16 has the task of filling the interior with the

fuse elements 3A, 3B to be electrically isolated from the environment and a

To provide pressure encapsulation in the event of overpressure caused by a short circuit.

The circuit breaker 10 shown also has a cover 18 which provides space for the LU505555

Fuse element 3A in the switched-on state. The cover 18 has

Coupling elements 181A, 181B for arranging and holding the fuse element 3A. The cover 18 can be opened or tilted perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuse element 3A, or the input and output terminals 12A, 14A, about a tilt axis 183. When the cover 18 is opened, the electrical connection between the input and output terminals 12A, 14A is severed, as shown in Figure 3B, which shows the switched-off state.

Coupling elements 181A, 181B for the first securing element 3A are fixedly connected to the

Cover 18 and when opening the cover 18 pull the fuse element 3A out of the spring contacts of the input and/or output terminals 12A, 14A.

The first fuse element 3A shown is in a housing of a low-voltage

High-performance fuse, NH, arranged so that it can be arranged in the circuit breaker 10 shown.

Figure 3C schematically shows the second input and output terminal 12B, 14B of the three corresponding input and output terminals with the blade contact 4 arranged therebetween in the switched-on state.

The blade contact 4 shown has knife-edge-like sections of an electrically conductive material which, as previously described, are arranged between the second input and

Output terminal 12B, 14B are arranged. In the embodiment shown, the blade contact 4 shown has an electrically conductive material and is

Housing, which is connected to the cover 18 via coupling elements 183A, 183B. For example, instead of a fuse wire, a continuous

Blade contact can be used in the housing of a fuse element.

The blade contact 4 has a lower contact height h3, or a contact surface with a lower height, compared to the contact heights h1, h2 of the fuse elements 3A, 3C. As shown in Figure 3C, the contact height h3 of the blade contact 4 is less than 50% of the contact heights h1, h2 of the blade contacts of the first and second

Fuse element 3A, 3C. As a result, the blade contact 4 is designed to be leading relative to the first and second fuse elements 3A, 3B when the circuit breaker 10 is opened in order to first disconnect the current path between the second input and output terminals 12B, 14B before the current paths between the first and third input and output terminals 12A, 12C, 14A, 14C are disconnected.

List of reference symbols LU505555 1 System 3A, 3B Fuse element 4 Blade contact 5 Evaluation and control unit 6 Resistance element 7, TA, TB Short-circuit switch

Disconnector 10 12, 12A-12B Input terminal 14, 14A-14B Output terminal 16 Housing 18 Cover 181A, 181B Coupling element 183 Tilting axis

Electronic switch 22. 22A, 22B First mains connection 24, 24A-24C Second mains connection 30 Semiconductor switch 20 30A, 30B Semiconductor 32A, 32B Diode 34 Bridging switch h1, h2, h3 Contact height

Claims (14)

Patent claims LU505555 1. A circuit breaker (10) with short-circuit shutdown for a DC network, the circuit breaker (10) having three corresponding input and output connections (12, 14), characterized by a first input and output connection (12A, 14A) of the circuit breaker (10) for a first pole, a first fuse element (3A) being arranged between the first input and output connection (12A, 14A); a second input and output connection (12B, 14B) of the circuit breaker (10), a short-circuit switch (7) and an evaluation and control unit (5) being arranged between the second input and output connection (12B, 14B) of the circuit breaker (10), and the evaluation and control unit (5) being adapted to detect a short circuit on an input or output side of the circuit breaker (10) and to actuate the short-circuit switch (7); a third input and output terminal (12C, 14C) of the circuit breaker (10) for a second pole, wherein a second fuse element (3A) can be arranged between the third input and output terminal (12C, 14C); and wherein the second input terminal (12B) is electrically connected to the third input terminal (12C) and the second output terminal (14B) is electrically connected to the first output terminal (14A) in order to trigger the first fuse element (3A) arranged between the first input and output terminals (12A, 14A) by closing the short-circuit switch (7) when a short circuit is detected, or the second input terminal (12B) is electrically connected to the first input terminal (12A) and the second output terminal (14B) is electrically connected to the third output terminal (14C) in order to trigger the second fuse element (3B) arranged between the third input and output terminals (12C, 14C) by closing the short-circuit switch (7) when a short circuit is detected. 2. Disconnector (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the disconnector (10) is designed as a 3-pole disconnector (10) for low-voltage high-performance fuses, NH. 3. Disconnector (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that a housing of the first fuse element (3A), the second fuse element (3B) and a housing of the short-circuit switch (7) and the evaluation and control unit (5), a form factor of an NH fuse element, in particular of sizes NH-00 to NH-3, 4 Disconnector (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaluation and control unit (5) is connected to a current sensor arranged in the positive or negative line for detecting a short circuit. 5. Disconnector (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the evaluation and control unit (5) is connected to the current sensor via (i) a radio link, (ii) an optical fiber, (iii) an infrared link, (iv) an ultrasonic link, or (v) a wire connection. 6 System (1) with short-circuit shutdown for a DC network, comprising: a circuit breaker (10) which has three mutually corresponding input and output terminals (12, 14), and comprising at least one first fuse element (3A) which can be arranged between a first input and output terminal (12A, 14A) of the circuit breaker (10) for interrupting a current flow in a positive line or in a negative line connected to the first input and output terminal (12A, 14A); and an electronic switch (20) for interrupting a current flow between a first and a second mains connection (22, 24) of the electronic switch (20), wherein the electronic switch (20) is connected to the isolating switch (10), and wherein the electronic switch (20) has a short-circuit switch (7) and an evaluation and control unit (5), wherein the evaluation and control unit (5) is adapted to detect a short circuit and to actuate the short-circuit switch (7), wherein the short-circuit switch (7) is adapted to switch a short-circuit current through the at least first fuse element (3A) in order to trigger the at least first fuse element (3A), and wherein the first output connection (14A) is connected to the short-circuit switch (7). 7. System (1), comprising: a circuit breaker (10) having three corresponding input and output terminals (12, 14), and comprising: a blade contact (4) which can be arranged between a second input and output terminal (12B, 14B) of the circuit breaker (10), wherein the second Output terminal (14B) is connected to the first or third output terminal (12A, 14A, 12C, 14C) of the circuit breaker (10), and wherein the blade contact (4) is designed to lead the fuse elements (3A, 3B) when the circuit breaker (10) is opened, and an electronic switch (20) for interrupting a current flow between a first and a second mains terminal (22, 24) of the electronic switch (20), wherein the second mains terminal (24) is connected to the circuit breaker (10), and wherein the electronic switch (20) is adapted to interrupt the current flow between the first and the second mains terminal (22, 24) when the blade contact (4) is opened. 8. System (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the isolating switch (10) is designed as a 3-pole isolating switch for low-voltage high-performance fuses, NH. 9. System (1) according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that a first fuse element (3A) is arranged between a first input and output terminal (12A, 14A) of the circuit breaker (10), and a second fuse element (3A) is arranged between a third input and output terminal (12C, 14C) of the circuit breaker (10), wherein a housing of the first fuse element (3A) and of the second fuse element (3B) each have a form factor of an NH fuse element, in particular of sizes NH-00 to NH-3. 10. System (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the blade contact (4) has a contact height, h1, which is lower than the contact heights, h2, h3, of the securing elements (3A, 3B). 11. System (1) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the electronic switch (20) has an evaluation and control unit (5). 12. System (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the electronic switch (20) comprises a semiconductor switch (30) which comprises at least one semiconductor (30A, 30B), wherein the semiconductor switch (30) is adapted to switch the current flow between the first and the second mains connection (22, 24), and wherein the semiconductor switch (30) is arranged between two mutually corresponding connections (22A, 24A, 22B, 24C) of the first and second Mains connection (22, 24), and wherein the evaluation and control unit (5) LU505555 is adapted to actuate the semiconductor switch (30). 13. System (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the electronic switch (20) has a bypass switch (34), in particular a switching contact of a bypass relay, wherein the bypass switch (34) is arranged parallel to the semiconductor switch (30) between the two corresponding terminals (22A, 24A, 22B, 24C), and wherein the evaluation and control unit (5) is adapted to actuate the bypass switch (34). 14. System (1) according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the electronic switch (20) has a resistance element (6) which is in electrical connection with a positive and negative line, and wherein the evaluation and control unit (5) is adapted to detect an opening of the circuit breaker (10) via a voltage drop across the resistance element (6).