KR960004502B1 - Low Pollution Laundry Powder Detergent Composition - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Low Pollution Laundry Powder Detergent Composition

The present invention relates to a low pollution laundry detergent composition.

In other words, the use of alkyl sulfonates or fatty alcohol sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates or fatty alkyl ether sulfonates, alcohol ethoxylates or fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers and soaps as surfactants is excellent in biodegradability, so that there is little water pollution and detergency. The invention relates to the invention of this high low pollution laundry powder detergent composition.

In general, an active ingredient, that is, a surfactant, used in a powder laundry detergent for clothes washing, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and the like are used, and the type of the surfactant used and the composition ratio of the composition The amount varies depending on the intended use, but about 1 part by weight to 75 parts by weight, preferably 15 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight of the total detergent composition is used. However, depending on the choice of surfactant and its composition ratio, there are many differences in the cleaning effect, and in some cases, the cleaning power is excellent but the biodegradability is low, so it is discharged to the sewage without being decomposed for a long time, which causes water pollution and pollution.

The present inventors have excellent cleaning effect and alkyl sulfonates and alkyls prepared from fatty acids and fatty alcohols extracted from vegetable fats and oils while studying detergent compositions with high biodegradation to prevent water pollution, which has recently emerged as a serious social problem. Experimental results have been confirmed and confirmed that the cleaning composition comprising the surfactant composition containing ether sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylate and soap component as an active ingredient exhibits particularly excellent biodegradability and cleaning effect.

The characteristics of each of the surfactants used in the present invention are as follows.

① Alkyl sulfonate

The anionic surfactant obtained by neutralizing the sulfonic acid obtained by sulfonation of a higher alcohol extracted from 100% naturally with caustic soda is preferably an alkyl group having _{8 to 18} carbon atoms.

② alkyl ether sulfonates

Add 1 ethylene oxide to higher alcohols derived from 100% natural moles to 9 moles, and this again as the anionic surfactant obtained by the neutralization with sodium hydroxide after the sulfonation, it is preferred that the carbon number of the alkyl group of C ₈ -C _18.

③ Alcohol Ethoxylate

As a nonionic surfactant obtained by adding 1 mol to 9 mol of ethylene oxide to a higher alcohol extracted from 100% natural, the carbon number is preferably C ₇ -C ₁₈ .

④ soap

As an anionic surfactant obtained by saponifying a 100% natural extracted fatty acid, one having a carbon number of C ₁₀ -C ₂₂ is suitable, and is a fatty acid salt of an alkali metal of sodium, potassium, and ammonium.

The starting materials for surfactants used in laundry detergents can be divided into natural oils extracted from vegetable or animal fats and petrochemicals extracted from petroleum and natural gas, depending on the source of the raw materials.

The surfactant used in the present invention is an anionic or nonionic surfactant prepared by using 100% natural fatty acids and fatty alcohols extracted from vegetable fats and oils as intermediates of fatty acids and fatty alcohols of natural fats and oils. Because it is a surfactant, it has excellent biodegradation, so there is very little concern about water pollution and shows excellent washing effect even in hard water.

Conventional laundry detergents include anionic surfactants such as alkyl benzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfonates (synthetic surfactants), alkyl ether sulfonates (synthetic surfactants), and alkyl phenol polyglycol ethers. , Nonionic surfactants including fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers (synthetic surfactants) and the like have been mainly used, and detailed descriptions and examples of the active ingredients are described in US Patent No. 3,929,678 (December 30, 1975) and European Patents. 0 241 984 (April 6, 1987).

Patent No. 4,692,275, U.S. Patent 3,758,419, U.S. Patent 3,892,680, U.S.A, for a composition patent on a laundry powder detergent using an anionic and nonionic surfactant prepared with fatty acids and fatty alcohols as intermediates. Patent No. 4,049,586 and U.S. Patent No. 4,487,710, but petroleum-based alkyl benzene sulfonate and natural oil-based alkyl ether sulfonate are mixed at a constant ratio. An active agent and a surfactant of natural fats and oils were mixed and used.

In general, the petroleum-based surfactants, including the patent, have a low biodegradation rate, so there is a high risk of pollution, especially water pollution, and the washing power is sharply reduced in hard water.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have produced excellent low-pollution laundry detergents with excellent performance and extremely low initial pollution, and improved water shortage of conventional detergents, which have a poor cleaning effect as the hardness of water increases. This invention was completed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The surfactant used in the low pollution laundry detergent composition of the present invention can be represented by the following general formula (I), (II), (III) and (IV), the total weight of the surfactant used is 10 60 weight part, Preferably it is 15-45 weight part.

The surfactants (I), (II) and (III) are anionic surfactants (I), (II) and nonionic surfactants (III) prepared by using natural alcohol extracted from vegetable oils as intermediates. (IV) is an anionic surfactant prepared by saponifying a fatty acid extracted from a vegetable oil, and surfactants (I) and (II) alone or as a mixture thereof are about 5 to 50 parts by weight of the total detergent composition, preferably 10 ~ 40 parts by weight, surfactants (III), (IV) alone or as a mixture thereof is about 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight of the total detergent composition,

It is good to satisfy the value of.

If this value is more than 20, there is a problem in rinsing property and convenience in use due to excessive bubble generation, if less than 1, a significant technical difficulty occurs in the slurry viscosity rise and spray drying in the manufacture of powder detergent.

As a builder, 40 to 90 parts by weight, including at least one selected from sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulfate, and zeolite (4A form) commonly used, can be used to prevent contamination reattachment, fluorescent whitening agent, and protein. It can contain an enzyme, a polymer (Sokalan CP-5), a bubble regulator, and the like to improve performance.

In the method for preparing a detergent composition of the present invention, first, neutralize fatty acids to obtain a soap, and then add the remaining surfactants (I) and (II), stir for a predetermined time, and then add the remaining builders to prepare a slurry. The slurry is dried through a spray-dryer. After blending the dried detergent powder with heat-sensitive raw materials (surfactant III, protease, fragrance, bubble control agent, etc.) to prepare a low-pollution laundry powder detergent.

The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples.

The following Tables 1 and 3 illustrate the composition of the detergent composition of the present invention and known detergent compositions, and their composition ratios, and Tables 2 and 4 show data comparing biodegradability and washing power of the illustrated detergent compositions.

* 1) Biodegradability test was conducted according to KSM 2714 and KSM 2953, and soap content according to total organic carbon (TOC) concentration method.

2) Contaminant cloth for cleaning power test was used with 101 oil stain (Olive oil / Carbon black) of EMPA, Switzerland, 2g / l detergent at 25 ℃ using a Terg-O-Tomerter 5 After stirring for 101 minutes, 101 sachets were added and washed at each hardness for 10 minutes to measure reflectance using a Nippon Denshoku colorimeter SZ∑80 II.

As shown in Table 2, the detergent according to the present invention has an initial biodegradability (1 ~ 1) compared to conventional petroleum surfactants, namely, detergents containing a linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, alpha olefin sulfonic acid sodium salt, alkyl phenol polyethylene glycol ether, and the like. Day 3 biodegradability) is excellent and the cleaning power is excellent in high hardness water, that is, hard water.

* 1) This biodegradability and washability test were tested in the same manner as in Table 2.

Here, as shown in Table 2, the initial biodegradability (primary biodegradation degree 1 to 3) was excellent, and the cleaning power was excellent in high hardness water, that is, strong water.

Claims (5)

In detergent compositions containing conventional builders, antifouling agents, optical brighteners, proteolytic enzymes and bubble control agents, alkyl sulfonates of formula (I), alkyl ether sulfonates of formula (II), and general formula ( 10-60% by weight (hereinafter, based on the total detergent composition weight) of the surfactant composition consisting of fatty alcohol polyethyleneglycol ether of III) and soap of general formula (IV), wherein the general formulas (I) and / or (II) 5 to 50% by weight of the compound, and 1 to 20% by weight of the compound of the general formula (III) and / or (IV), low-polluting detergent composition for laundry. Wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are each an alkyl group of C ₇ -C ₁₇ , R ₃ is an alkyl group of C ₆ -C ₁₇ , R ₄ is an alkyl group of C ₉ -C ₂₁ , n is 1-12, M represents an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, or ammonium. 2. The detergent composition of claim 1, which contains 15-45% of a surfactant composition. The detergent according to claim 1, which contains 10-40% by weight of the compounds of the general formula (I) and / or (II) and 2-10% by weight of the compound of the general formula (III) and / or (IV). Composition. The detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition ratios of the general formulas (I) to (IV) are used in the following ratios. The detergent composition according to claim 5, wherein the composition ratio is 2-10.