KR890004054B1 - Hydrostatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Hydraulic transmission

1 and 2 and 5 show the structure of an embodiment of the invention.

3 and 4 are views for explaining the control operation of the transmission of the embodiment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Pimp 2: (Hydraulic) Motor

3: lever 4: operating rod

5: connecting member 8,9: spring

10,11,13,21,23: housing 12,22: pintle

14,24 cylinder body 15,25 cylinder

16,26: shaft 17,27: piston,

18,29: inlet 19,28: outlet

31,32 drain port 35,36 pin

37: lever.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission for changing and transmitting the rotational speed of a rotating power source in various industrial machines and the like.

A fluid transmission, which combines a hydraulic pump operating by pairing a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, can be shifted steplessly, and thus has a wide range of use, and many research and developments have been made. As an example of such a hydraulic engine, a fluid transmission may be formed by combining a rotary fluid energy converter disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-77179, a perston pump composed of an inclined plate or an inclined shaft, and a motor. Can be. However, in the conventional case, only the pump is a variable capacity, the motor is often a fixed capacity. In this case, the shift range is narrow. Another motor. Even in the case of variable capacities, there were many ways to change the capacities individually.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic transmission apparatus which is excellent in efficiency using a hydraulic engine as described above, and which has a simple structure that can smoothly change the ratio of the input / output rotational speed continuously.

In the present invention, as in the rotary fluid energy converter, a plurality of hydraulic engines of a type in which the discharge amount of the liquid changes in accordance with the displacement of the variable member (eccentric member) are used.

One of these hydraulic engines is used as a pim, and the other is used as a hydraulic motor (hereinafter only referred to as a motor). These liquid flow paths are coupled to each other, and a control mechanism for controlling displacement of the variable member is provided. The control mechanism includes a spring means for applying a force in one direction to the pump and the motor, respectively, and an actuating mechanism for moving the actuating member against the spring force of the spring means, the end of which is directly or indirectly. It is arranged at a position where it can be in contact with the fluctuation member of the pump and the motor. This actuator. The pump capacity is variable only at a position where the motor capacity becomes a constant capacity, and the motor is configured to be a variable capacity only while the pump capacity is maintained at a constant capacity. In addition, the present invention is configured to displace the variable member of the motor so that the motor capacity is decreased when the variable member is displaced so that the pump capacity is increased or decreased.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

(1) and (2) are the rotary fluid energy converters described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-77179, (1) is a pump, and (2) is a motor. The rotational force from the rotational drive source (not shown) is input to the rotational shaft 16 of the pump 1 and converted into liquid pressure energy, which is converted into mechanical energy again in the motor 2 and rotated ( It is outputted from 26) and makes the device connected to it move. The structure and operation of the rotating fluid energy converter are described in detail in the above publication and will be described here briefly.

(11), (13) and (21) and (23) are housings of the pump and the motor, each having a rotating shaft 16 or 26 freely rotatably supported therein. On the other hand, the pintle 12 or 22 supported so as to be able to move in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis has a truncated cone shape at its tip, which is formed substantially perpendicular to the cone, and thus has a plurality of pintles 12 or 22. A cylinder body 14 or 24 having cylinder holes 15 and 25 is fitted so as to be rotatable on a pintle cone so that two pistons 17 or 27 can be disposed.

In addition, the piston is fitted to the cylinder body so as to be able to slide. Furthermore, a first static pressure bearing 16a is formed on a part of the conical surface on the outer circumference of the conical surface and the rotating shaft 16 formed on the inner surface of the housing 13, and the piston The tapered surface formed so that the end surface of (17) abuts on the inner surface part of a rotating shaft has a 2nd static pressure bearing 16b. Now, when a pimp rotation shaft pressure torque is given to a driving device (not shown), the first and second static pressure bearings generate a pairing to balance the input torque, thereby converting the direct mechanical energy into fluid energy. Doing. This fluid energy, or high-pressure fluid, is passed through an elongated channel that divides the pintle cone into the bottom of the city. Discharged through the pimp outlet 18. This fluid flows to the motor inlet 28 through an unillustrated flow path, and the weaning body energy acts against the pimp operation, pairing the output rotating shaft 26, and the pairing force Output as torque. In addition, the fluid that has completed the energy transfer operation enters the pimp-side inlet 19 through a motor discharge port 29 through a flow path not shown. Guelph also. It is known that a flow path connecting the motors is provided with a closed relief valve, a boost valve, and the like, as necessary.

The liquid discharge flow rate of the pump 1 changes according to the deviation (eccentricity) d1 of the rotational centering (ml) of the rotating shaft 16 and the rotational center nt of the cylinder body 14, but the eccentricity 6, The pintle can be changed by displacing it in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Therefore, the pintle functions as an eccentric member. The above d1 can be regarded as the displacement (amount of eccentricity) of the pintle 12.

The pintle 12 is applied to the force in one direction by the spring 8, and the force is applied in the opposite direction to the spring 8 by the actuation rod 4. The lever 3 is attached to the operating rod 4, and can be operated by manual or mechanical force.

The rotation speed with respect to the liquid flow rate of the motor 2 is set by the displacement d2 (displacement of the pintle 22) of the rotation center n2 of the rotating shaft 26 and the rotation center n2 of the cylinder body 23. It can be changed. The pintle 22 has a force applied in one direction by the spring 9, and a force in the opposite direction to the spring 9 is applied by the operating rod 4.

The housing of the pump (1) and the motor (2) is a connecting member (5). It is connected to each other by a screw (7), the operating rod (4) is slidable from side to side according to the connecting member (5) between the operating rod (4) and the housing sealing such as o-ring (o-ring) It is sealed by the member 6.

The displacement (eccentricity) of the pintle 12 and the pintle 22 by the operation (the actuation amount of the lever) on the right and left of the operating rod will be described based on FIG. When the operating rod is at the left end (when the operating amount is zero). The pintle 12 is positioned at the left end by being pushed by the operating rod 4 and abuts the housing.

In this case, the amount of eccentricity of the pintle 12 is -E. At this time, the pintle 22 of the motor side is pushed by the spring 9 to contact the housing 21 at the left end, and there is a gap 1 between the actuating rod 4 and the pintle 22 so that the actuating rod is the pintle 22. ) Will not be affected. The amount of eccentricity of the pintle 22 at this time is + E.

Next, when the operating rod is moved to the right, the pintle 12 is pushed to the right by being pushed by the spring 8, but the side of the pintle 22 is the position where the operating rod 4 pushes the pintle 22 (operation). Do not displace until it reaches quantity 1). The right end of the pintle 12 comes into contact with the housing and stops. In addition, if the moving rod continues to the right, the displacement of the pintle 12 is no longer generated. Pintle 22 is pushed to the operating rod (4) is to move to the right. (The displacements of the pintles 12 and 22 are defined as positive and negative in the right direction, respectively, so as to be rotated in the same direction in the case of the same sign).

4 shows a change due to the lever operating amount of the output rotation speed when the input rotation speed is a constant value (No). When the piston diameter of the pimp motor is equal to the number of pistons, when the lever is at the left end (when the operating amount is 0), the output rotation becomes the same number of rotations as the input rotation and the reverse direction, and when the eccentricity of the pintle 12 (the amount of eccentricity of the pimp) is 0. Output rotation becomes zero. When the amount of eccentricity on the pump side and the motor neck becomes equal. The output rotation becomes the same as the input rotation, and moving the lever increases the output rotation speed.

The configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Also in this embodiment, the same rotary fluid energy converter as in the first embodiment is used. The same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. In the first embodiment, the pimp 1 and the motor 2 are arranged in parallel, but in the present embodiment, the pimp 1 and the motor 2 are arranged in series, and are connected and fixed by one housing 10. The operation of the lymph 1 and the motor 2 is the same as the description in the first embodiment, but the eccentric amounts of the pintles 12 and 22 are operated by the operation of the rotary lever. That is, the pintles 12 and 22, which are eccentric members, are exerted by the springs 8 and 9, respectively, and pressed by the lever 37 via the pins 23 and 36 as a medium. The amount of eccentricity is changed by the rotation of the lever. The relationship between the operating amount (rotation amount) of the lever and the displacement of the pintles 12 and 22 is the same as in FIG. 3, and the change in the output rotational speed is the same as in the fourth degree. .

By the way, the transmission by the 2nd invention of this invention is a structure which the fluctuation members of both hydraulic engines work together simultaneously, The example is shown in FIG. 5 shows the case where the clearance 1 between the operating rod and the pintle becomes zero in the transmission in FIG. Operation as a pimp and a motor in this figure is the same as in the case of FIG. In the case of this device, both pintles 12 and 22 are displaced by the displacement of the operating rod 4.

Thus, when the pump capacity is increased or decreased, the capacity of the motor is reduced to enable the cyclic control (sequential control). It is a matter of course that the second invention can be similarly implemented in the case of the lever type operation input operation mechanism of the second oh. In this case, both pins 35 and 36 are brought into contact with each other at the same time.

As mentioned above, although the structure of this invention was demonstrated, it is not limited to the above-mentioned and the illustrated example. For example, in the illustrated example, a rotating fluid energy converter has been described as an example of a hydraulic engine in which the discharge amount of the liquid is changed by the displacement of the member of interest. However, in another hydraulic engine, for example, an inclined plate or an inclined shaft, It can also be configured as a piston pump motor. In this case, the inclined plate and the inclined shaft serve as the shifting members, which are changed by using the operation mechanism as described above. It is possible to constitute a transmission apparatus capable of smooth shift operation similar to the above embodiment.

In addition, the spring 8, 9 as a means for applying a force, the operating rod 4 as a manipulation input operation mechanism, the lever 3, the pins 35, 36, and the lever 37 are only one embodiment. And In another way, for example the cam way. The cam may be controlled to rotate, and even in the case of the lever, the operating force may be controlled by using a mechanical or electromagnetic force such as a fluid pressure or a screw feed mechanism.

As is apparent from the above, the hydraulic transmission provided by the present invention has excellent efficiency since the rotary fluid energy converter, which has very little energy loss, uses a hydraulic engine as a pump and a motor, The control mechanism is a simple structure, which enables a wide range of smooth shift operations (stepless shifting), and has a simple feature such that the operation amount of the control mechanism is substantially proportional to the output rotor, so the operation is very simple.

Claims (2)

Connect the pimp and the liquid flow path of the hydraulic motor whose liquid discharge amount is changed by the displacement of the eccentric or inclined variable member. A hydraulic transmission for shifting and transmitting an input rotation to a pump side to an output rotation to a motor side, comprising: a means for applying a force to one side of the pump and the motor's variable member in one direction, and an operation input of the pump side variable member; Displaces in proportion to and maintains the motor variable member so that the motor capacity remains constant while the pump capacity is changed, while the motor side variable member is proportional to the operation input while the pump side variable member is held at a constant variable position. And a manipulation input operation mechanism for displacing the same. A hydraulic transmission that connects the liquid flow path of the hydraulic motor and the pump whose liquid discharge amount changes due to the displacement of the eccentric or inclined variable member, and shifts the input rotation to the output rotation of the motor neck. And means for applying a force in one direction to the fluctuation members of the pump and the motor, respectively. And a manipulation input operating mechanism for displacing the shifting member such that the displacement of the motor is increased if the shifting member is displaced such that the pump capacity is reduced.

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