KR890000994B1 - 액정 조성물 - Google Patents
액정 조성물 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR890000994B1 KR890000994B1 KR8200832A KR820000832A KR890000994B1 KR 890000994 B1 KR890000994 B1 KR 890000994B1 KR 8200832 A KR8200832 A KR 8200832A KR 820000832 A KR820000832 A KR 820000832A KR 890000994 B1 KR890000994 B1 KR 890000994B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- group
- dye
- liquid crystal
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 108
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 94
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- -1 anthraquinone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000027 (C1-C10) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 49
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 39
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 30
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 28
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- WLHCBQAPPJAULW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzenethiol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S)C=C1 WLHCBQAPPJAULW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CMKBCTPCXZNQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanethiol Chemical compound SC1CCCCC1 CMKBCTPCXZNQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013014 purified material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- DUJPMUKIEFLXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,5,8-tetrachloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(Cl)=CC=C2Cl DUJPMUKIEFLXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLEIVDIWTWFRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,5,8-tetrakis(phenylsulfanyl)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(SC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C2C(=O)C3=C(SC=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC(SC=4C=CC=CC=4)=C3C(=O)C2=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 WLEIVDIWTWFRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGDLEVAYNWLIKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(phenylsulfanyl)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C=12C(=O)C3=CC=CC(SC=4C=CC=CC=4)=C3C(=O)C2=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 JGDLEVAYNWLIKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQZFTFKOMOJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-5-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=3C(Cl)=CC=CC=3C(=O)C2=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 ZTQZFTFKOMOJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLPATYNQCGVFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylbenzonitrile Chemical group N#CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WLPATYNQCGVFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIFAOMSJMGEFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybenzenethiol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(S)C=C1 NIFAOMSJMGEFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=O HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=O GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCKYBPULWXTYJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl DCKYBPULWXTYJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYCVXTXWERXGJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-3-nitroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C([N+](=O)[O-])C(Cl)=C2Cl CYCVXTXWERXGJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLUFITIFLBGFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 PLUFITIFLBGFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQCMPESVEIOFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,5,8-tetrakis[(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfanyl]anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1SC(C=1C(=O)C2=C(SC=3C=CC(=CC=3)C(C)(C)C)C=CC(SC=3C=CC(=CC=3)C(C)(C)C)=C2C(=O)C=11)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 PQCMPESVEIOFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNEBMDXPSAAQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,5-tris(cyclohexylsulfanyl)-8-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(SC2CCCCC2)=C2C(=O)C3=C(SC=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC(SC4CCCCC4)=C3C(=O)C2=C1SC1CCCCC1 GNEBMDXPSAAQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGBWYYMBPQTZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,5-tris[(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfanyl]-8-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1SC(C=1C(=O)C2=C(SC=3C=CC(=CC=3)C(C)(C)C)C=CC(SC=3C=CC(=CC=3)C(C)(C)C)=C2C(=O)C=11)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 HGBWYYMBPQTZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- MQIUMARJCOGCIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2Cl MQIUMARJCOGCIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFKFSZYCSSBCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dihydroxy-8-nitro-2,6-di(nonyl)-4-phenyl-10-sulfanylideneanthracen-9-one Chemical compound OC1=C(C=C(C=2C(C3=C(C(=CC(=C3C(C12)=S)C1=CC=CC=C1)CCCCCCCCC)O)=O)[N+](=O)[O-])CCCCCCCCC YFKFSZYCSSBCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKAXNYHCEJFLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-nonylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC(SC=3C=CC=CC=3)=C1C2=O LKAXNYHCEJFLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICQYRMKYGAVTCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC(SC=3C=CC=CC=3)=C1C2=O ICQYRMKYGAVTCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMKWKLSAPLPDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-4,8-bis(butylamino)-5-phenylsulfanyl-10-sulfanylideneanthracen-9-one Chemical compound C1=2C(=S)C3=C(NCCCC)C=CC(CCCC)=C3C(=O)C=2C(NCCCC)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 HMKWKLSAPLPDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZLLWQPJJSWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-5-nitroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2[N+](=O)[O-] VOZLLWQPJJSWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2Cl BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYXKPGRCZQJQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclopentyl-5-phenylsulfanyl-10-sulfanylideneanthracen-9-one Chemical compound C=12C(=S)C3=CC=CC(C4CCCC4)=C3C(=O)C2=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 UYXKPGRCZQJQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQDIFFUKLIFBDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylsulfanyl-5-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=3C(SCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=CC=3C(=O)C2=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 NQDIFFUKLIFBDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCANAXVBJKNANM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical class O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2[N+](=O)[O-] YCANAXVBJKNANM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQWOXUVBMYLKRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-10-sulfanylideneanthracen-9-one Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=2C(C3=CC=CC=C3C(C1=2)=O)=S IQWOXUVBMYLKRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJKFJNFDJZAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-phenylphenyl)benzonitrile Chemical group N#CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 XYJKFJNFDJZAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVFLEUVMFWRYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-anilino-5-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-1-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=C(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC(SC=3C=CC=CC=3)=C1C2=O UVFLEUVMFWRYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMHBACOYGBYQFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfanyl-1-phenyl-10-sulfanylideneanthracen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=S)C(C=CC=C1C=3C=CC=CC=3)=C1C2=O IMHBACOYGBYQFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLEDBQGFCZMJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CC1)(CC2)CC(C(CC(C)(CC3)CC4)C34c(cc3)ccc3C#N)C12c(cc1)ccc1C#N Chemical compound CC(CC1)(CC2)CC(C(CC(C)(CC3)CC4)C34c(cc3)ccc3C#N)C12c(cc1)ccc1C#N KLEDBQGFCZMJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100234408 Danio rerio kif7 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100221620 Drosophila melanogaster cos gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UBSDGOLVZZKAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(c(c(C(c1c(cc2)Sc3ccc(CI)cc3)=O)c(cc3)Sc4ccccc4)c3Sc3ccccc3)c1c2Sc1ccccc1 Chemical compound O=C(c(c(C(c1c(cc2)Sc3ccc(CI)cc3)=O)c(cc3)Sc4ccccc4)c3Sc3ccccc3)c1c2Sc1ccccc1 UBSDGOLVZZKAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100398237 Xenopus tropicalis kif11 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001934 cyclohexanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004708 n-butylthio group Chemical group C(CCC)S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001048 orange dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DOAMZWOPDPPKJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ol Chemical compound OC1CO1 DOAMZWOPDPPKJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004262 preparative liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- LWRYDHOHXNQTSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene oxide Chemical compound O=S1C=CC=C1 LWRYDHOHXNQTSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
- C09K19/603—Anthroquinonic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B1/00—Dyes with anthracene nucleus not condensed with any other ring
- C09B1/56—Mercapto-anthraquinones
- C09B1/58—Mercapto-anthraquinones with mercapto groups substituted by aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aryl radicals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (31)
- 수-가용화 이온성 치환체를 함유하지 않는 하기 일반식(1)의 하나 이상의 안트라퀴논 화합물을 포함하는 다색(pleochroic)염료의 네마틱, 콜레스테릭 또는 스멕틱 액정물질중의 용액으로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는, 게스트-호우스트(guest-host) 액정 장치에 적합한 액정 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 알킬 그룹인 일반식(1)중의 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 알킬 그룹중의 치환체로서 산소, 알콕시, 할로게노 및 모노사이클릭 아릴로부터 선택된 그룹을 갖는 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 알킬 그룹인 일반식(1)중의 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 10개 이하의 탄소원자를 갖는 조성물.
- 제 3항에 있어서, 알킬 그룹인 일반식(1)중의 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 1개 내지 4개의 탄소원자를 갖는 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 아릴 그룹인 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 15개 이하의 탄소원자를 갖는 조성물.
- 제 5항에 있어서, 아릴 그룹인 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 페닐 그룹인 조성물.
- 제 5항에 있어서, 아릴 그룹인 그룹 Q, X, R 또는 Z가 C1-C10알킬, C1-C10알콕시, 할로게노, 사이클로헥실 및 페닐로부터 선택된 그룹에 의해 치환된 페닐 그룹인 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 사이클로알킬 그룹인 그룹 R 또는 Z가 사이클로헥실 그룹인 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 사이클로알킬 그룹인 그룹 R 또는 Z가 사이클로헥실 그룹중의 치환체로서 저급 알킬, 저급 알콕시, 할로게노 및 모노사이클릭 아릴로부터 선택된 그룹을 갖는 조성물.
- 제 10항에 있어서, R1및 R2가 모두, 이들의 치환체의 종류 또는 위치면에서 상이한 페닐 그룹인 조성물.
- 제11항에 있어서, R1이 페닐이고, R2가 4-3급-부틸페닐인 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, n이 1 또는 2이고, X로 표시된 그룹들중의 두개의 그룹은 -SR이고 나머지는 OH또는 NH2이며, Q는 각각 알킬인 조성물.
- 제 16항에 있어서, n이 2이고, 두개의 X그룹은 서로 다르게 치환된 페닐티오이고, 나머지 두개의 X그룹은 OH이며, Q는 각각 알킬인 조성물.
- 제 17항에 있어서, OH그룹이 안트라퀴논 핵상의 1 및 5 또는 1 및 8위치에 있으며, Q로 나타낸 알킬그룹은 OH그룹에 인접하여 존재하는 조성물.
- 염료가 제 1항, 제 2항 및 제 3항 내지 제 9항중 어느 한 항에 따르는 하나 또는 그 이상의 비대칭 폴리(치환된 티오) 안트라퀴논 염료(여기에는 두개 이상의 서로 다른 치환된 티오그룹이 존재한다), 및 하나 또는 그 이상의 대칭 폴리(치환된 티오) 안트라퀴논 염료(여기에서는 치환된 티오그룹은 모두 동일하다)의 혼합물을 포함하는 다색 염료의 액정 물질중의 용액으로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는, 게스트-호우스트 액정 장치에 사용하기에 적합한 액정 조성물.
- 제 19항에 있어서, 염료가 50중량% 이상의 비대칭 폴리(치환된 티오) 안트라퀴논 염료 또는 염료들을 함유하는 조성물.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 다색 염료가 조성물의 0.75 내지 10중량%을 형성하는 조성물.
- 제 1항, 제 2항 및 제 3항 내지 제 9항 또는 제 21항 내지 제27항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다색 염료가 염료의 혼합물을 포함하여 이들 염료중 하나 이상의 염료는 제 1항에 정의한 일반식(Ⅰ)의 화합물인 조성물.
- 제29항에 있어서, 다색 염료가 제 1항에서 청구한 일반식(Ⅰ)의 황색 염료, 적색 염료 및 청색 염료의 혼합물을 포함하는 조성물.
Applications Claiming Priority (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB5961 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB8105961 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB8105959 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB8105959 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB8105961 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB5959 | 1981-02-25 | ||
GB8106995 | 1981-03-05 | ||
GB8106995 | 1981-03-05 | ||
GB29530 | 1981-09-30 | ||
GB8129530 | 1981-09-30 | ||
GB8129530 | 1981-09-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR830009186A KR830009186A (ko) | 1983-12-17 |
KR890000994B1 true KR890000994B1 (ko) | 1989-04-15 |
Family
ID=27449230
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR8200832A Expired KR890000994B1 (ko) | 1981-02-25 | 1982-02-25 | 액정 조성물 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4496221A (ko) |
EP (2) | EP0059095B1 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR890000994B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA1183343A (ko) |
DE (1) | DE3276180D1 (ko) |
GB (1) | GB2093475B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2155945B (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1986-03-26 | Secr Defence | Substituted thioanthraquinone dyes |
EP0059036B1 (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1987-07-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
US4446047A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-01 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
GB2155489B (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1986-05-29 | Ici Plc | Liquid crystal materials containing pleochroic dithioanthraquinone dyes |
DE3150822A1 (de) * | 1981-09-05 | 1983-03-24 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Fluessigkristallines material enthaltend anthrachinonfarbstoffe sowie neue anthrachinonfarbstoffe |
GB2126601B (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1986-12-10 | Secr Defence | Guest-host liquid crystal materials |
EP0103952B1 (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1988-12-28 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
DE3244815A1 (de) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-06-07 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Anthrachinonfarbstoffe, ihre herstellung und verwendung sowie dichroitisches material enthaltend anthrachinonfarbstoffe |
GB8319849D0 (en) | 1983-07-22 | 1983-08-24 | Secr Defence | Compounds containing fluorobiphenyl group |
JPS61228418A (ja) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-11 | Sony Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
EP0244488B1 (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1992-01-02 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation | Anthraquinone compounds and liquid-crystal composition containing them |
EP0301660B1 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1992-06-03 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Display cell |
US5206395A (en) * | 1990-01-18 | 1993-04-27 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Photochromic naphthacenequinones, process for their preparation and the use thereof |
EP0438376B1 (de) * | 1990-01-18 | 1994-01-26 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Photochrome Naphthacenchinone, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
US7351451B2 (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2008-04-01 | Fujifilm Corporation | Anthraquinone compound, liquid crystal composition, cell and display device employing the same |
Family Cites Families (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE609673A (ko) * | 1960-10-28 | |||
BE613272A (ko) * | 1961-01-31 | |||
GB956014A (en) * | 1961-06-12 | 1964-04-22 | Ici Ltd | Anthraquinone-bis-thiachromone pigments |
DE1205550B (de) * | 1963-08-13 | 1965-11-25 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aminoanthrachinonen |
BE669563A (ko) * | 1964-09-14 | |||
GB1081890A (en) * | 1965-07-19 | 1967-09-06 | Ici Ltd | Anthraquinone dyestuffs |
GB1078092A (en) * | 1966-03-08 | 1967-08-02 | Ici Ltd | Anthraquinone dyestuffs |
DE2009469A1 (en) * | 1970-02-28 | 1971-09-09 | Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Continuous dyeing of polyester textiles |
JPS4892667A (ko) * | 1972-03-15 | 1973-12-01 | ||
JPS5013388B2 (ko) * | 1972-09-06 | 1975-05-19 | ||
DE2259970A1 (de) * | 1972-12-07 | 1974-06-12 | Bayer Ag | Massefaerben von polyestern |
US4128396A (en) * | 1973-10-10 | 1978-12-05 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Process for the improvement of dyeing properties of pigments of the anilino and arylmercapto anthraquinone series |
CH622540A5 (ko) * | 1976-07-02 | 1981-04-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
DE2644731A1 (de) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-06 | Basf Ag | Anthrachinoide farbstoffe |
CH624436A5 (ko) * | 1976-11-02 | 1981-07-31 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
DE2862064D1 (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1982-11-25 | Bdh Chemicals Ltd | Pleochroic dyes suitable for use in solution with liquid crystal materials for electro-optic device applications |
GB2024844B (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1983-03-30 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Pleochroic dyes and electro-optical displays therewith |
DE2843703A1 (de) * | 1978-10-06 | 1980-04-17 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zum faerben und bedrucken von cellulosefasern |
US4232950A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-11-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Liquid crystal compositions including pleochroic dye |
US4232949A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-11-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Liquid crystal compositions containing pleochroic dye |
FR2449720A1 (fr) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-19 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Composition pour cristaux liquides renfermant un colorant pleochroique et dispositif electro-optique contenant cette composition |
EP0025809A1 (de) * | 1979-09-21 | 1981-04-01 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Flüssigkristallmischung |
DE3007198A1 (de) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-03 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Pleochroitischer anthrachinon-farbstoff, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung des farbstoffs |
US4394070A (en) * | 1980-07-16 | 1983-07-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Helichromic compounds and displays |
US4391754A (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1983-07-05 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Anthraquinone compounds |
EP0044893B1 (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1984-09-19 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Anthraquinone compounds and process for their preparation |
GB2081736B (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1985-02-20 | Secr Defence | Liquid crystal materials containing diamino-dihydroxy anthraquinone pleochroic dyes |
US4405211A (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1983-09-20 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Liquid crystal compositions with pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
US4391489A (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1983-07-05 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Liquid crystal materials containing pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
GB2082196B (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1985-01-23 | Secr Defence | Liquid crystal materials containing anthraquinone pleochroic dyes |
JPS5790080A (en) * | 1980-11-27 | 1982-06-04 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal display device |
US4446047A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-01 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
EP0059036B1 (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1987-07-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Pleochroic anthraquinone dyes |
US4464282A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-08-07 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britian And Northern Ireland | Organic materials |
DE3150822A1 (de) * | 1981-09-05 | 1983-03-24 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Fluessigkristallines material enthaltend anthrachinonfarbstoffe sowie neue anthrachinonfarbstoffe |
-
1982
- 1982-02-22 EP EP82300891A patent/EP0059095B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-22 GB GB8205153A patent/GB2093475B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-22 EP EP84108895A patent/EP0155345B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-22 DE DE8282300891T patent/DE3276180D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-02-24 CA CA000396957A patent/CA1183343A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-24 US US06/352,060 patent/US4496221A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-02-25 KR KR8200832A patent/KR890000994B1/ko not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4496221A (en) | 1985-01-29 |
CA1183343A (en) | 1985-03-05 |
EP0155345A3 (en) | 1985-12-18 |
DE3276180D1 (de) | 1987-06-04 |
GB2093475B (en) | 1985-10-09 |
EP0155345A2 (en) | 1985-09-25 |
KR830009186A (ko) | 1983-12-17 |
EP0059095B1 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
EP0155345B1 (en) | 1988-02-03 |
GB2093475A (en) | 1982-09-02 |
EP0059095A1 (en) | 1982-09-01 |
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