KR850000139Y1 - Device to prevent oil from overflowing in tanker - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Device to prevent oil from overflowing in tanker

1 is a perspective view showing a cross-sectional view of a part of the overflow prevention device of dry oil improved by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a main pipe, a branch conduit, and a control valve in the oil overflow prevention device of FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the auxiliary tank of the oil overflow prevention device of FIG.

The present invention relates to a device for automatically preventing oil from spilling out of the tanker when oil is loaded into the tanker.

Currently, when cargo consisting of liquefied cargo, such as oil, and petroleum products is loaded on an oil tanker, it is carried out by a transfer hose and a loading conduit connected to the loading chamber entrance of the oil tanker. When loading such cargo, sometimes fluids and chemicals continue to flow even after the loading chamber is full. Thus, the fluid overflows through the deck openings through the inspection holes, the gas passages or other compartments, contaminating the water quality and the atmosphere, as well as the risk of fire and explosion.

These cargo overflows occur for a variety of reasons. For example, one of them is the carelessness of the person in charge of loading in the oil tanker's loading chamber, and the other cause is that the valve is leaking due to leaking of the loading valve or other material under the valve gate. Other causes are leak paths due to internal pressure in the loading chamber, not knowing the increase in tanker loading speed, or breakage of the valve stem or other adjustments during closing of the inlet valve after filling the loading chamber. Overflow of these cargoes, especially where the cargo is oil, seriously pollutes the coast. For example, depending on the size of the tanker, the loading speed and the overflow time, oil from several barrels to thousands of barrels is lost due to a single overflow.

Overload controls have been established to prevent this overflow when loading cargo into the cargo hold. For example, a high level alarm and a continuous indicator of the tank loading level are used to monitor the tanker's tank loading during loading. However, these devices are helpful, but they have the potential to seriously contaminate the coast and port if they overflow over the tanker during loading due to malfunctions, human surveillance, or at the same time failing to automatically prevent pollution. Cargo tankers such as these were not taut. A remotely operated, quick-acting shut-off valve was used on such tankers to reduce overflow, but such valves could potentially overload the loading hoses and conduits, rupturing their hoses and conduits, causing the cargo to leak out. . Moreover, such valves remain the same for human monitoring for efficient operation.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known tank loading indicator and overflow control device, and to provide overflow flow without loading hoses and conduits, waterproof partition walls and the risk of rupture when loading liquid compounds and oil in tankers. It is to provide an automatic stop device of the overflow which prevents automatically.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide an overflow tank prevention device of an oil tanker, which is improved so as not to pollute the natural environment, in particular the waterway area and port between the coast and the coast.

This and other objects of the present invention can be achieved with tankers for transporting liquid compounds and petroleum. The oil tanker has a hull consisting of a bottom and side, an upper deck, a plurality of waterproof storage chambers for storing liquid chemicals and petroleum in the hull between the upper deck and the bottom of the hull, and a filling chamber for filling liquid compounds and petroleum. It includes a device connected to the storage compartment. An improvement of the present invention is that the longitudinally arranged main pipe, both ends are connected to the main pipe and the loading chamber, respectively, and at the same time, it is connected between the two ends from the loading chamber to the main pipe, and the liquid compound and the oil are led from the loading chamber through the branch conduit It is composed of a valve and oil tanker which can flow freely into the pipe, and is connected to the main pipe and consists of an auxiliary tank which receives liquid compound and oil from the main pipe. When the liquid chemicals and oil are filled into the loading chamber, the overflowing incense is directed from the loading chamber through the branch conduit and the main pipe to the auxiliary tank so that the liquid compound and the oil cannot spill out of the loading chamber.

The improved overflow protection device of the present invention significantly reduces port contamination, loss and safety accidents due to cargo expansion in loading, transport, unloading or tankers. This can be achieved by taking in overflow from the storage chamber using one or more empty tanks, such as cofferdams, empty spaces or ballast tanks or other suitable containers.

Referring to the accompanying drawings with respect to the present invention in detail as follows. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

The tanker indicated by reference numeral 10 in the figure includes a hull, an upper or main deck 13 composed of a bottom 11 and a side 12, and a plurality of waterproof loading chambers 14. The loading chamber is arranged between the upper deck 13 and the bottom 11 of the hull to receive a cargo composed of liquid chemical and petroleum, such as crude oil, from the above ground storage tank 15. Each load chamber 14 is connected to the cargo expansion space 16 through. The transfer conduit 17 is connected to each storage compartment 14 to fill the cargo into the storage compartment from the storage tank path 15 on the ground.

The oil tanker 10 comprises a longitudinal main conduit 18 which can be arranged above or below its upper deck 13 and a plurality of branch conduits 19 which are connected at both ends to the cargo expansion space 16. . Positive-type closed valves with additional or spring-regulated non-return clapper valves or butterfly fly-type valves to create the back pressure required for steam discharge It can be configured as. A plurality of valves 20 are connected between both ends of the branch conduit 19 to free liquid chemical and petroleum, ie liquid cargo, from the cargo expansion space 16 to the main conduit 18 through the branch conduit 19. Let it flow With the non-return clapper valve, the liquid cargo can only move freely from the cargo expansion space 16 through the branch conduit 19 to the main pipe 18.

The auxiliary tank 21 is composed of a plurality of tanks or side tanks of the tanker connected to each other to the main pipe 18 to receive the cargo therefrom. The auxiliary pipe 22 is disposed in the auxiliary tank 21 to guide the overflowed cargo, and an enlarged hole 23 at one end thereof is disposed below the end of the main pipe 18. The main pipe 18 extends just below the upper deck 13 to pass into the auxiliary tank 21. The enlarged opening 23 of the auxiliary pipe 22 is adapted to receive the cargo flowing from the main pipe 18 while at the same time slightly away from the end of the main pipe in the tank 21 so that gases such as hydrocarbon gas can be removed from the main pipe. To get out into the auxiliary tank (21). A plurality of gaps may be formed in the periphery of the hole 23 to allow the gas to escape into the auxiliary tank 21. The auxiliary tank is provided with an exhaust pipe 24 including a flame screen 25 and a pressure / vacuum relief valve 26 so that the gas therein can be discharged to the atmosphere. When the cargo is filled in the loading chamber 14, the gas goes to the auxiliary tank 21 through the main pipe 18 and the branch conduit 19 and is discharged to the atmosphere. A plurality of bypass conduits 27 are connected in parallel between the two ends of the branch conduits 19, each of which includes a pressure / vacuum relief valve 28, which preferably consists of a closed pressure / vacuum relief valve. When (20) is closed as a positive type closing valve, i.e. when filling a load chamber or moving cargo between load chambers, the main pipe (18) and branch conduit (19) are loaded from the load chamber (14). Discharge the gas entering the auxiliary tank 21 through. When the valve 20 is composed of a non-return clapper valve, the vacuum in the loading chamber 14 is removed by the bypass conduit 27 and the valve 28. If the tanker is later equipped with the overflow prevention device of the present invention and already equipped with an existing ventilator, the bypass conduit 27 is not necessary.

The diameter of the branch conduit 19 should be turned on sufficiently to prevent the loading chamber from being subjected to excessive pressure in cargo loads. The term "excessive pressure" refers to the pressure that builds up in a load compartment to cause structural damage to the bulkhead of the tanker when the cargo is pumped into the load compartment at high pressure. Such pressure build-up can be eliminated by making the pressure of the stall stall larger than the diameter of the conveying conduit used to load the branch conduits to a level that can reduce the oil tanker bulkhead without breaking. Both the main conduit 18 and the branch conduit 19 may be a rectangular conduit or a negative conduit as well as a circular conduit as shown, and may be disposed above or below the tanker deck. Since the diameter of the main pipe 18 is considerably larger than the diameter of the branch conduit 19, it is not a factor as long as excessive load is applied to the loading chamber 14. However, if for some reason back pressure is produced by the lead pipe, for example, if the diameter of the lead pipe is smaller than the branch conduit, then the pressure of the conduit 14 is determined by considering the pressure along with the pressure generated by the branch conduit. It must be smooth to less than the maximum allowable pressure.

Conduit flow alarm 29 is connected in series with the main pipe 18 to display the flow of cargo in the main pipe. In addition, the storage tank 21 is preferably configured as a side compartment of the oil tanker 10 in order to additionally indicate that the oil tanker overflows when the tank is slightly inclined to the side and that the cargo flows through the main pipe. This provides additional protection, even when the conduit flow alarm fails to indicate or when the oil tanker is inadvertently or absent, as well as when it cannot detect overflow from the load chamber through the main pipe.

In operation, if the volume of cargo entering the stall of the oil tanker overflows the capacity of the cargo compartment, the excess cargo is transferred to the cargo expansion chamber 16, the branch conduit 19 and the main pipe 18. Through the auxiliary tank 21 is introduced. If the valve 20 is configured as a positive closing valve, the valve is opened before the loading operation. In the case of a non-return clapper valve, the valve opens automatically when an overflow occurs. Flow through the lead tube 18 is indicated by the flow alarm 29, either audibly or visually. The cargo is guided to the bottom of the tank through the enlarged hole 23 of the auxiliary pipe 22. Gas in the loading chamber 14, for example, hydrocarbon gas produced by petroleum, exits the loading chamber during cargo loading, enters the auxiliary tank 21 through the branch conduit 19 and the main pipe 18, and It is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 24. Exhaust ducts 24 are to be arranged at such a level that their upper tops are sufficiently isolated from where there is a risk of fire of people and tankers on the tanker deck. Closed tank stackers are required for loading or conveying operations on tankers. The device may be a ullage system that closes automatically or manually, or it may be a simple glass visor with an internal wiper device installed in each zing hole. The overflow prevention device of the present invention can be used in bunker tanks, chemical tanks, and the like as in the loading chamber to prevent the loss and risk due to overflow.

As stated above, the specific examples of the present invention are described, but it is obvious that various modifications can be made without departing from the basic spirit of the present invention.

Claims (1)

Hull consisting of bottom part and side, upper deck, and a plurality of waterproof loading chambers arranged in the vessel to load liquid chemical and petroleum between hull bottom and upper deck, the loading to fill the liquid chemical and petroleum In an oil tanker comprising a device connected to a chamber, a main pipe arranged in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and one end connected to the loading chamber, and the other end connected to the main pipe, the liquid chemical and petroleum in the loading chamber ( A valve field 20 connected at both ends to a branch conduit 19 allowing free flow from the main pipe 18 to the main pipe 18, and to a main pipe 18 containing liquid chemical and petroleum from the main pipe 18. The storage tank 14 is provided such that the storage tank 14 is not subjected to excessive pressure while the auxiliary tank device 21, the liquid chemical, and the petroleum that are disposed in the hull 10 flow from the loading chamber 14 to the main pipe 18. Minutes of scale The amount of overflow from the loading chamber, such as by filling the loading chamber with liquid chemicals and petroleum, by the conduit 19, etc., flows from the loading chamber through the branch conduits 19 and the main pipe 18 to the auxiliary tank 21. Oil tankers that have an improvement in preventing liquid chemicals and oil from spilling out of the loading chamber.