KR800000454B1 - Installation of explosives using minimum diving time - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Installation of explosives using minimum diving time

1 is a plan view of a frame in which the explosives are arranged.

2 is a front view of the framework of FIG.

3 is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

6 is a detailed view of the first discharge installation.

7 is a detailed view of a second discharge installation.

8 is a diagram of a release mechanism operating system.

The present invention relates to the handling of materials and further to the installation of solid objects in a predetermined pattern. The present invention also relates to a reusable platform for the simultaneous installation of solid objects in a predetermined pattern and the mechanism by which such platform is made to be reused.

Within a predetermined pattern, the installation of a solid object is desired for several purposes, among which the arrangement of explosives is useful for forming trenches and arcs, as described in US Pat. Eliminate excessive labor.

Particularly beneficial and well-known uses for the arrangement of explosives are used in the formation of trenches in the seabed as required in the excretion of underwater pipelines. However, passive excretion of explosives by divers is a time consuming and difficult problem. Manual installation is particularly difficult in the depths and difficult in short dive times such as cold water and vortices.

One solution to the installation of underwater explosives has been disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,741,119, where a framework is used to fix explosives. The framework permits a predetermined underwater location of the explosive due to the underwater excretion of the framework, including the entire explosive. The problem with this solution is that only one ditch requires a new frame, and because the frame has fixed explosives, it cannot be reused due to the explosion, and when a long distance pipeline is laid out, Will be needed. Therefore, this technique requires a refillable underwater explosive device.

Reusable frameworks by themselves do not solve other technical problems in the arrangement of underwater explosives. The possibility of replacing individual explosives in the array without replacing all explosives is desirable, for example where the explosives of the world are damaged while the remaining explosives are not damaged, which is why Because it depends on the interaction. This problem makes it useful and desirable for the means for one explosive solid to be supported by the framework.

The solution of these problems is provided by the present invention. The present invention provides a device for the arrangement of the object, which constitutes a reusable framework with a plurality of release mechanisms and a power manifold for the initial operation of the release mechanisms.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a reusable framework 1 and the framework comprises a transverse member 4 and three bottom members 2 attached to the struts 3 attached in space.

The six pairs of inflatable column 5 are attached by 18 suspension bars and form a space, and the suspension bars 6 are attached to the transverse member 4 to form a space. The rows 7a of six objects are attached between the support rail pairs to form a space, and each row 7a includes six objects 7 connected by connecting bars 8. Attachment to the object 7 to the support rail 5 is shown in detail in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7. Also shown in FIG. 1 is a framework supported by a portion 17a of the explosion system 17 (not shown). Portion 17a is detailed in FIGS. 2 and 8.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the framework 1, in which three bottom members attached and supported by three struts 3 attached to and supported by the transverse member 4 are shown. The support rail 5 is supported along the transverse member 4 by the suspending member 6 and attached to form a space. Also shown in FIG. 2 is a framework supported by the portion 17a of the explosion system 17 (not shown). Portion 17a includes a union 47a which is connected to pressure valve 10 by conduit 48. The valve 10 is connected to the valve 12 and the accumulator 11 by a tee. The accumulator 11 is detailed in FIG. 8. The valve 12 is connected to six pairs of fluid mechanical conversion diagrams 19 (not shown) by a manifold 9. The transducer 19 is detailed in FIGS. 4 and 8. Also in FIG. 2 there is an attachment block 13 of the framework's moving sump (not shown).

3 is a side view of the framework 1 and shows a bottom member 2 supporting three struts 3 attached to support three traverse members 4. The support rail 5 is also attached and supported by a suspension member 6 which is attached and supported by the cross member 4. One row 7a of the six objects is attached by the support rails 5 to clear the space along the rail and to be supported. Six objects 7 are connected by a connecting member 8 and FIG. 3 shows the framework supporting the part 17a of the operating system 17 (not shown), the part 17a being the conduit 48. The union 47a is connected to the pressure valve 10 by the valve 10, which is connected to the valve 12 and the accumulator 11 by the tee 49. The valve 12 is connected by a manifold 9 to six pairs of fluid mechanical transducers 19 (not shown), the transducers 19 and the manifold 9 being described in detail in FIGS. 4 and 8. 3 also shows an attachment block 13 for moving the framework.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of FIGS. 1 and 2 and a portion of an operating system 17 (not shown) in which the release mechanism 14 which emits one row side of the object 7 is shown and used for opening ( There is a framework supporting 17a). Two frameworks 7 are shown in cross section to represent the discharge mechanism 14. Four objects in the middle are not shown. The discharge mechanism 14 is attached to the support rail 5 through the configuration 20a by the bolt 22. The support rail 5 is in turn connected to the suspending member 6 by means of bolts 29, and the suspending member 6 is connected and supported by the transverse member 4. The discharge mechanism 14 must comprise at least one discharge installation 15b and a flexible cable 16a. As shown in FIG. 4, each discharge mechanism 14 includes one discharge fixture 15b connected to a series of five flexible cables 16a, one of the five discharge fixtures 15a is shown and The same applies to the flexible cable 16b. The discharge facility 15a is connected to the fluid mechanical transducer 19 by a flexible cable 16b, and the cable 16b is supported by a swage device 36a which is attached to the piston 53 and supported by a nitrile. The flexible cables 16a, 16b can be replaced by other connectors with sufficient tensile strength (e.g. ropes, bars, rods, wood, etc.). A fluid mechanical transducer 19 having a piston 53 and a cylinder 18. The cylinder 18 is connected to the adjustment tank 54 by the conduit 55 and the extraction valve 56. The fluid mechanical transducer 19 is also connected to the manifold 9 by conduits 57. Discharge facilities 15a and 15b are shown in more detail in FIGS. 6 and 7.

5 is a 5-5 cross section of FIG. 1 and 5-5 cross section of FIG. 4, with the target 7 attached to the support rail pair of the framework of FIG. A pair of support rails 5 are attached to the pair of suspension members 6, which are in turn supported by the transverse member 4 and clear the space. The pair of discharge mechanisms 15a (not shown) are attached to the pair of support rails 5 by bolts 22, and include a drive shaft 23 and a slide pin 24, which are smoothly provided by the block 20. Is supported around and has a tapered portion 21. The crab 25 may be a suitable attachment device such as a loop, bar, shelf, etc. connected to each object 7 and rests on the slide pin 24. As shown in the drawing, the object 7 is placed inside a canister 27 embedded in a concrete weight 28 having a sufficient density to give a negative buoyancy to the object when released to a buoyancy medium such as brine. Contains explosive substances. The invention is not limited to explosive material forms, but seedlings, bottles, vesicles, aquatic minerals or other objects that can be conveniently replaced in arrangement can be substituted in various aspects.

6 is a detailed view of the first discharge device 15a and the installation block 20 is shown together with the tapered portion 21 and the bolt hole 20a, and the installation block 20 smoothly supports the drive shaft and the slide pin 24. do. The installation block 20 also has a hole plate 20 having a hole 20d so that the cradle 25 can be fixed while being supported by the slide pin 24 attached to the sliding block 31. The sliding block 31 is installed to slide on the drive shaft 23. One end 24a of the slide pin 24 is positioned on the sliding block by the nut 32, and the other end surface 24b protrudes from the sliding block 31 to have the hole end 20b in the installation block 20. Pass through hole 20c.

The drive shaft 23 is rounded and has a caliber 33a supported by the set screw 34a, a spring 35, a sliding block for supporting the slide pin 24, a stop collar 33a, and a set screw 34c. A stop collar 33c supported by) is provided. The drive shaft 123 is connected to the flexible cable by the swaging device 36 supported by the nut 37.

7 is a detailed sectional view of the second discharge device 15b in the closed position. The installation block 20 has a tapered portion 21 and a bolt hole 22 as shown in FIG. 5, and the installation block 20 smoothly supports the drive shaft 38 and the slide pin 24. Has a hole end 20b having a hole 20d so that it can be fixed while being supported by the slide pin 24 attached to the sliding block 31. The sliding block 31 is smoothly installed on the drive shaft 38, and one end 24a of the slide pin 24 is positioned on the sliding block 31 by the nut 32, while the other end 24b is It protrudes from the sliding block 31.

On the drive shaft 38, a stop collar 33a supported by the fixing screw 34a, a spring 35, a sliding block 31 including the slide pin 24, and a stop supported by the fixing screw 34b. A spring supported by the nut 40 attached to the spiral 41 is installed on the collar 33b, the installation block 20, and the drive shaft 38. An extension cable 16a supported by the swage fixing 36, which is in turn attached to the drive shaft 38 and supported by the nut 37, is attached to the drive shaft 38 at one end.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of the explosion system 17 and shows a view supported by a fluid braking system, a portion 17b comprising a fluid reservoir 42 connected to a pump 44 by a conduit 43. The conduit 45 is connected to the pressure gauge 46 and the union 47b. Portion 17b may comprise a safety valve that is connected to conduit 45 by conduit 61 and to reservoir 42 by conduit 62. Portion 17b additionally includes a dump valve 60 connected by conduit 63. Also shown is a framework supporting a portion 17a comprising a union portion 47a which is connected by a conduit 48 to a pressure valve connected to the discharge valve and the accumulator 11 by a tie 49. .

The accumulator 11 includes a bag 50 surrounded by a gas 51 in the cylinder wall 52, and the discharge valve 12 sends an opening signal to the generator 30a by the connecting device 30. The service is connected. The valve 12 is connected to six fluid mechanical transducers 19 by a manifold 9, which in turn is connected to six pairs of opening mechanisms 14 as shown.

It is technically described that the size, position, quality, etc. of the framework 1 are not fixed, but the size, position-quality of the object 7 can be varied. Although the object 36, discharge device 72, flexible cable 72 is shown in a suitable device, the present invention requires only one object, discharge device, flexible cable, or a single discharge device to move the drive shaft. . Only two objects are required for the placement of the objects, since this is the minimum number for the arrangement. Therefore, two discharge installations, two targets and two towing means are needed for the target arrangement. Although the towing means may be one or more transducers and a fluid mechanical transducer is suitable, any transducer suitable for transferring mechanical signals to the discharge object may be possible. Although a suitable device shows each object 7 as supported by a pair of discharge mechanisms, each object 7 can be supported by one discharge mechanism without departing from the invention.

Since the discharge facility 15a can be replaced by the discharge facility 15b, it will be ascertained by the known art that the discharge facility 15a is appropriate, which means that the discharge facility 15b performs all functions of (15a). Because it can include. However, each has a spring 39 which tilts the drive shaft 38 towards the closure. It is clear that the discharge facility 15b is only connected to one end of the flexible cable but when the discharge facility 15a is replaced by the discharge facility 15a, the discharge facility 15b can be connected to both ends of the flexible cable. Although flexible cables are used in suitable devices for connecting the discharge facility 15a and the transducer 19, other flexible or non-stretchable connecting members may be used without departing from the invention. That is, various changes can be made to a suitable apparatus without departing from the present invention.

The operation of the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings from FIG. 1 to FIG. First, the overall operation is briefly described and each operation is described in detail. The operation is detailed with a specially provided device and the object 7 is formed of an explosive substance, which is used to drill underwater measures on the ocean floor.

1, 2, 3 are the assemblies as described above of the framework 1, which can appear on the ground, as detailed below. It is also appropriate that this assembly includes attachment of the framework to the framework 1 supporting the portion 17a of the explosion system 17. The power portion 17b of the explosion system 17 is assembled to a barge or boat, and the assembled framework 1 is immersed in the barge or boat, as detailed below. The explosive 7 can be loaded into the framework separately after assembly of the framework 1, which can be carried out on land or on a ship, where the load is moved to a predetermined position. Loading of explosives may be carried out during the movement of the ship, if necessary, and after the ship has arrived at its intended position, the framework supporting the remote support 17b and the portion 17a is connected, and the remote emission signal generator 30a is It is connected to the discharge valve 12 by the communication device 30.

The explosion system 17 is then ready for operation as detailed below. After the explosion sieve 17 is ready for blasting, the framework supported by the portion 17a is safely disconnected from the remote support portion 17b. After this disconnection, when the framework 1 with the portion 17a is positioned up to the sea floor to a predetermined position on the sea floor where the explosives are discharged, the remote emission signal generator 30a is connected to the communication device ( A signal is generated at the discharge valve 12 through 30. The discharge valve 12 opens and discharges the explosive in the manner detailed below. After discharge of the explosives, the framework 1 is returned, again placed on a barge or boat, and the explosives are placed on the sea bottom. The ship is then moved away from the cargo to a safe distance. Explosives are exploded to form arcs on the seabed and are explained below. The recovered framework 1 may be loaded with a new explosive, and after reloading, the portion 17a is ready again and the framework 1 is settled back to the newly scheduled position on the sea bottom. These new explosives are released and explode to expand the arc. Rapid excavation can be achieved by repeating the above operation.

The transport of the girders or boats of the framework is accomplished by a crane mounted on the ship, the crane having a rope that can be pulled to attach the attachment block 13 of the framework 1. By traction of the framework 1, the crane lowers the framework 1 onto the boat, and any other crane can be used.

The loading of the target object 7 on the frame 1 is detailed in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the discharge facility 15a, 15b has only one loading feature, which is characterized by the fact that the position of the boat Because it is not suitable for loading operation, it can be loaded by one of the boats. The single loading feature allows the source to be reloaded of the frame without the use of precision devices for simultaneous loading after each explosion.

The actual loading operation is described above with reference to FIG. The sliding block 31 is moved toward the stop collar 33a and away from the block 20 and the stop collar 33b, constitutes a spring 35, and the slide pin 24 outside the throat 20d. Move. The crab 25 of the target object 7 is then positioned with a throat 20d, the sliding block 31 is opened, and the spring 35 is extended to move the sliding block 31 to the installation block 20. The slide pin end 24b is moved through the throat 20d. The movement of the sliding block 31 is repeated on one side of a suitable pair of discharge facilities which are used to support each object 7. The target object 7 is supported by the ribs 25 resting on the slide pin ends 24b and held in the throat 20d of the installation block 20. At this time, the movement of the sliding block 31 is performed in each discharge facility required for attaching the object, and thus allows the movement of each discharge facility without falling of the object 7.

8 illustrates the connection of portions 17a and 17b of the explosion system 17. The framework supporting the portion 17a is connected with a remotely supported 17b by the union of the union 47a of the portion 17a and the union 47b of the portion 17b. In addition, the power release signal generator 30a is connected to the discharge valve 12 by the communication device 30. This connection may be made during the transport of the boat or barge to the intended place of detonation or after arrival at the detonation point. When the parts 17a and 17b are connected, the preparation is completed.

In FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, the preparation work is described in detail. The valves 10, 12 are opened, the valve 60 is closed and the pump 44 is operated so that the flow of liquid from the reservoir 42 causes the conduits 43, pumps 44, conduits 45, It is sheared to the mechanical transducer 19 via union 47, conduit 48, pressure valve 10, tee 49, valve 12 manifold 9, conduit 57. A draw valve 56 is opened to escape any air clogged from the converter 19, where it checks the "liquid-fill" of the explosion system 17 and the "liquid-fill" of the converter 19. When the system 17 is liquid-filled, pressure builds up in the system 17 due to the continuous flow of liquid caused by the operating pump 44 and the discharge valve 12 closes after the pressure gauge 46 is raised. The pump 44 separates the manifold 9 and the transducer 19 from the pressure increase. The pumped liquid enters the bag and raises pressure in the explosion system 17 between the pump 44 and the closed release valve, which pressure in the accumulator 11 causes the outer and inner walls 52 of the bag 50. To pressurize the pressurized gas 51 further. The accumulator 11 stores the pressurized liquid by means of the expansion bag 50 in the pressurized gas 51 included by the wall 52. The expansion of the gas 51 then moves the piston 53. When the pressure given by the pressure gauge 46 is reached, the valve 10 is manually locked to separate the pressurized accumulator 11, but automatic locking may also be provided without departing from the invention. If the pressure gauge 46 invites a faulty function or excess pressure between the pump 44 and the valve 10, the pressure relief valve 59 is opened to consume the excess pressure until the pump 44 is stopped. . After the valve 10 is closed, the pump 44 is stopped by manual or automatic to prevent further pressure rise. The pump valve 60 may be provided to allow the closing valve 10 to allow the fluid to be withdrawn from the parts of the explosion systems 17a and 17b between the pumps 44, so that the union 47b from the union 47a. This will give a rapid decrease in the fluid pressure to ensure a safe disconnection of the. The union 47a is disconnected from the union 47b to separate the remotely supported portion 17b from the framework supporting the portion 17a.

In FIG. 2 and FIG. 8, when the part 17a is loaded into the framework 1 and separated from the part 17b after the part 17a is ready (17b), the frame 1 is removed by the attachment block 13 from the boat. It is lowered to the desired point on the sea floor. Cranes and towing ropes are used for this sedimentation, which is the same crane used when the frame is transported from land to ship and does not need to be moved to other ropes and cranes. This sedimentation operation can use the suitable guide apparatus which confirms the suitable place of the framework 1 on the sea bottom. Since the framework can be recovered and reused, such a guide device can be arranged in one part throughout the framework or if it does not interfere with the release or drop of the target 7.

4, 5, 6, 7, 8 illustrate the release of the target 7 from the framework 1. The remote release signal generator 30a is operated to send a release signal to the release valve 12 via the communication device 30, and upon receiving the release signal, the valve 12 opens and accumulates in the accumulator 11 A portion of the liquid enters the other device 49 so that the fluid enters the mechanical transducer 19. This fluid is further forced out of the pocket 50 by the inflation gas 51 and forced into the tee device 49 through the conduit 57 and into the transducer 19. When this suppressed liquid enters the mechanical transducer 19, the pressure of the liquid causes it to move from the object 7 of the piston 53. The movement of the piston 53 causes the extension cable 16b to move to the left because the cable 16b is attached to the piston rod 53 as shown in FIG. Movement of the cable 16b causes the operation of all the drive shafts 23, 38 attached directly and indirectly to the cable 16b. In FIG. 7, the movement of the drive shaft 38 makes the movement of the stop collar 33b to the left (i.e., the direction of the transducer 19). The movement of the stop collar 33b naturally causes the movement of the sliding block 31 to the left, because the sliding block 31 is fitted to the left side of the stop collar 33b. The left transfer result of the sliding block 31 causes the slide pin 24 to move out of the slide hole 20c at the hole end 20b of the installation block 20, and the rib 25 at the open throat 20d. Let it fall. The spring 35 supports the sliding block 31 until movement occurs with respect to the stationary collar 33b. The crab 25 attaching the object 7 is in fact dragged from 20d by the weight of the object, and the object 7 carries extra concrete weight 28 or other weight that may settle in a liquid such as water. Can have The spring 39 is pressed against the mounting block 20 by the nut 40 during the discharging operation of the drive shaft 38 and defines the amount of suppression which becomes a complete suppression of the spring 39. It will be understood that the discharge facility 15a discharges in the same way and the discharge operation of the drive shaft 23 is limited by the stationary collar 33c rather than the spring 39 together with the drive shaft 38. By conventional techniques the movement of the drive shafts 23 and 38 is released by believing the spring 39 between the transducer 19 and the first discharge device and the slide pin 24 enters the slide hole 20c from the right side. It will be appreciated that the structure 1 can be reversed, respectively, by reversing the parts of the installation 15a, 15b. This is illustrated by mirroring the sixth and seventh degrees. The mechanical transducer 19 is also adapted to move the piston 53 to the right rather than to the left in FIG. Other similar applications can be applied to the device without departing from the present invention.

By performing this release operation, the towing rope is dragged to pull the framework 1 from the sea surface, and the crane rotates the frames to position the girders or boats. The boat is then moved a safe distance from the explosive and the explosive is blown up through the blast code 8. The framework 1 can be lowered due to attachment to the unions 47a, 47b and the valves 10, 60 being opened to enter the pressurized fluid back into the reservoir 42. When this is done, the spring 39 expands to move the slide pin 24 toward the slide hole 20c, and moves the stop collars 33a and 33b toward their original positions. An automatic alignment device may be provided for the movement of the slide pins 24 but manual single reloading is of course included. The stacking operation is repeated again and the preparation operation is prepared for reuse of the framework 1. The framework 1 is then settled to the second bottom of the sea floor to continue the excavation work by dropping the explosive to a new position. After the release of the second explosive, the framework 21 is re-lifted to release the explosive by repeating the settling until the arc is completely completed.

When the explosive is released, the explosive is dropped from the framework 1 of the present invention, so that the blasting code 8 is located freely from the bottom of all the frame members so that the framework 1 is positioned at the explosive location or 8) can be raised without disturbing.

Although the present invention has been described with respect to one device, many applications of this device are technically possible. Although the apparatus of the present invention is suitable for explosive positioning for underwater excavation operations, it is not limited to this and can be immediately used for release of other objects. Row 6 of the six objects is not essential, but only an example. Various numbers of arrangements may be applied to simple changes in the number of changing elements of the device described above.

Claims (1)

In the method of arranging and exploding explosives using a skeleton as described above in the text and as shown in the drawings, (1) arranging and exploding explosives on a skeleton (2) placing the loaded skeleton at a given position (3 Release explosives from the framework, (4) recover the framework, (5) explode the explosives, (6) repeat the process (1)-(5) with the recovered framework, Using the minimum dive time, which consists of the continuous loading of each explosive and the release of all explosives at the same time during the discharge process, and in particular the signal from the remote to the energy pulse generator to generate an energy pulse in response to the signal Installation method of explosives.

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