KR20250078490A - A mixture of Bigslozone and Petoxamide - Google Patents

Abstract

An agrochemical composition comprising bixlozone and petoxamide as active ingredients is presented. The combination of these active compounds exhibits a synergistic effect in the control of harmful plants.

Description

A mixture of Bigslozone and Petoxamide

An agrochemical composition comprising a mixture of bixlozone and petoxamide is described herein. Surprisingly, it was found that the mixture of bixlozone and petoxamide produces a synergistic effect compared to the individual components in controlling harmful plants. Also described herein is a method for controlling harmful plants such as weeds in a crop of useful plants. Also described herein is the use of the herbicidal composition for controlling harmful plants.

In pesticide products, it is always desirable to increase the specific activity and reliability of action of the active ingredients.

The herbicidally active compound petoxamide is known from EP0206251 and is commonly used for controlling weeds in various crops, such as controlling herbaceous weeds and broadleaf weeds. The herbicidally active compound bixlozone is known from US4405357 and is also commonly used for controlling weeds in various crops, such as controlling herbaceous weeds and broadleaf weeds. Compositions comprising petoxamide and/or bixlozone are extensively described in US20170042155, US9814237, and US10667516. However, no specific combination of petoxamide and bixlozone has been demonstrated.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that a combination of the active compound bixlozone and the active compound phenothoxamide exhibits a synergistic effect when used for controlling harmful plants. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a mixture comprising bixlozone and phenothoxamide.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to an agrochemical composition comprising as herbicidal active ingredients bixlozone and pethoxamide, wherein the bixlozone is encapsulated bixlozone, non-encapsulated bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated bixlozone and non-encapsulated bixlozone, wherein the bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a synergistically effective amount, and wherein the bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an agrochemical composition, the method comprising the steps of forming a mixture comprising (i) bixlozone (encapsulated bixlozone, non-encapsulated bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated bixlozone and non-encapsulated bixlozone), and (ii) pethoxamide, wherein bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a synergistically effective amount, and wherein bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a ratio of bixlozone:pethoxamide ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of controlling undesirable vegetation, the method comprising applying an agrochemical composition comprising bixlozone and pethoxamide to the undesirable vegetation or to the locus thereof or to the soil to prevent emergence or growth of the undesirable vegetation, wherein the bixlozone is encapsulated bixlozone, non-encapsulated bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated bixlozone and non-encapsulated bixlozone, wherein the bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a synergistically effective amount, and wherein the bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a ratio of bixlozone:pethoxamide ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8.

A mixture comprising bixlozone and petoxamide as herbicidal active ingredients is described herein. The mixture exhibits a synergistic effect when used for controlling harmful plants.

The present invention comprises or consists essentially of a synergistic combination of bixlozone and petoxamide as disclosed herein and effective methods of using said synergistic combination. The mixtures of the present invention may comprise other ingredients, including other active ingredients, to enhance the performance characteristics of the mixture. For the avoidance of doubt, the present invention does not require other active ingredients to provide the claimed synergistic effects, and thus other active ingredients may be excluded from the present invention without detracting from the surprising effects of the claimed invention as described herein.

In general, the pesticide composition according to the present invention comprises bixlozone and petoxamide in synergistically effective amounts. The effectiveness of the pesticide composition used in a method for controlling harmful plants will vary depending on various factors such as the method of application, the harmful plants to be eradicated, the useful plants to be protected, the application time, etc. The method of using the synergistically effective composition can be easily determined by those skilled in the art using well-known principles.

In many embodiments, the bixlozone and petoxamide are present and/or applied in a ratio of bixlozone to petoxamide that is selected to provide effective amounts and preferably synergistic herbicidal action. The effective amount of bixlozone and petoxamide is any amount that is capable of killing harmful plants. The ratio can be a weight ratio, a molar ratio, an application rate ratio, or a volume ratio.

In some embodiments, the bixlozone and petoxamide are combined in a ratio of about 30:1, about 29:1, about 28:1, about 27:1, about 26:1, about 25:1, about 24:1, about 23:1, about 22:1, about 21:1, about 20:1, about 19:1, about 18:1, about 17:1, about 16:1, about 15:1, about 14:1, about 13:1, about 12:1, about 11:1, about 10:1, about 9:1, about 8:1, about 7:1, about 6:1, about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3:1, about 2:1, about 1.75:1, about 1.5:1, about 1.25:1, or about 1:1 to and/or is present and/or applied at a ratio of bixlozone:petoxamide in the range of about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, about 1:5, about 1:6, about 1:7, about 1:8, about 1:9, about 1:10, about 1:11, about 1:12, about 1:13, about 1:14, about 1:15, about 1:16, about 1:17, about 1:18, about 1:19, about 1:20, about 1:21, about 1:22, about 1:23, about 1:24, about 1:25, about 1:26, about 1:27, about 1:28, about 1:29, or about 1:30.

In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 30:1 to about 1:30. In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 15:1 to about 1:15. In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 8:1 to about 1:8. In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 6:1 to about 1:6. In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 3:1 to about 1:3. In some embodiments, bixlozone and petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 2:1 to about 1:2.

In some specific embodiments, bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a ratio of bixlozone:pethoxamide in the range of about 1.25:1 to about 1:8. In some specific embodiments, bixlozone and pethoxamide are present in a ratio of about 1.25:1 to about 1:3.2.

In some embodiments, the big slozone is present at about 1 g/ha, about 10 g/ha, about 50 g/ha, about 100 g/ha, about 200 g/ha, about 300 g/ha, about 400 g/ha, about 500 g/ha, about 600 g/ha, about 700 g/ha, about 800 g/ha, about 900 g/ha, about 1000 g/ha, about 1100 g/ha, about 1200 g/ha, about 1300 g/ha, about 1400 g/ha, about 1500 g/ha, about 1600 g/ha, about 1700 g/ha, about 1800 g/ha, about 1900 g/ha, about 2000 g/ha, about 2100 g/ha, about 2200 g/ha, about 2300 g/ha, about 2400 g/ha, about 2500 g/ha, about 2600 g/ha, about 2700 g/ha, about 2800 g/ha, about 2900 g/ha, about 3000 g/ha, or more than about 3000 g/ha to about 10 g/ha, about 50 g/ha, about 100 g/ha, about 200 g/ha, about 300 g/ha, about 400 g/ha, about 500 g/ha, about 600 g/ha, about 700 g/ha, about 800 g/ha, about 900 g/ha, about 1000 g/ha, about 1100 g/ha, about 1200 g/ha, about 1300 g/ha, about 1400 g/ha, about 1500 g/ha, about 1600 g/ha, about 1700 g/ha, about 1800 g/ha, about 1900 g/ha, about 2000 g/ha, about 2100 g/ha, about 2200 g/ha, about 2300 g/ha, about 2400 g/ha, about 2500 g/ha, about 2600 g/ha, about 2700 g/ha, about 2800 g/ha, about 2900 g/ha, about 3000 g/ha, or more than about 3000 g/ha. However, higher and lower doses may also provide adequate control.

In some embodiments, Big Slozone is used in amounts of about 100 g/ha to about 400 g/ha.

In some embodiments, the petoxamide is present at about 1 g/ha, about 10 g/ha, about 50 g/ha, about 100 g/ha, about 200 g/ha, about 300 g/ha, about 400 g/ha, about 500 g/ha, about 600 g/ha, about 700 g/ha, about 800 g/ha, about 900 g/ha, about 1000 g/ha, about 1100 g/ha, about 1200 g/ha, about 1300 g/ha, about 1400 g/ha, about 1500 g/ha, about 1600 g/ha, about 1700 g/ha, about 1800 g/ha, about 1900 g/ha, about 2000 g/ha, about 2100 g/ha, about 2200 g/ha, about 2300 g/ha, about 2400 g/ha, about 2500 g/ha, about 2600 g/ha, about 2700 g/ha, about 2800 g/ha, about 2900 g/ha, about 3000 g/ha, or more than about 3000 g/ha to about 10 g/ha, about 50 g/ha, about 100 g/ha, about 200 g/ha, about 300 g/ha, about 400 g/ha, about 500 g/ha, about 600 g/ha, about 700 g/ha, about 800 g/ha, about 900 g/ha, about 1000 g/ha, about 1100 g/ha, about 1200 g/ha, about 1300 g/ha, about 1400 g/ha, about 1500 g/ha, about 1600 g/ha, about 1700 g/ha, about 1800 g/ha, about 1900 g/ha, about 2000 g/ha, about 2100 g/ha, about 2200 g/ha, about 2300 g/ha, about 2400 g/ha, about 2500 g/ha, about 2600 g/ha, about 2700 g/ha, about 2800 g/ha, about 2900 g/ha, about 3000 g/ha, or more than about 3000 g/ha. However, higher and lower doses may also provide adequate control.

In some embodiments, phenoxamide is used in an amount of from about 100 g/ha to about 1500 g/ha. In some embodiments, phenoxamide is used in an amount of from about 100 g/ha to about 800 g/ha. In some embodiments, phenoxamide is used in an amount of from about 100 g/ha to about 300 g/ha. In some embodiments, phenoxamide is used in an amount of from about 300 g/ha to about 1200 g/ha.

The application rate of the pesticide composition will vary depending on prevailing conditions such as target weed, degree of infestation, weather conditions, soil conditions, crop species, method of application, and time of application. The composition containing the active compound may be applied in a formulated form. For example, the composition may be applied as a spray, such as a water-dispersible concentrate, a wettable powder, or water-dispersible granules. In the practice of the present invention, the application rates of bixlozone and petoxamide may be varied independently of one another, provided that all combinations are synergistic and that each of the components is applied within the disclosed limits of the present invention.

In many embodiments, the synergy between bixlozone and petoxamide in the pesticide compositions according to the present invention is independent of the form of the pesticide composition. Accordingly, the pesticide compositions according to the present invention can be in any suitable pesticide composition form known in the art. The pesticide compositions can comprise bixlozone and petoxamide in the same or different forms. In some embodiments, the pesticide compositions are in a form selected from a twin pack, a ready-to-use solution, an emulsifiable concentrate, an emulsion, a suspension, a wettable powder, a soluble powder, a granule, a soluble granule, a dispersible granule, a microemulsion, a microcapsule suspension (e.g., wherein the capsule contains both active ingredients or the active ingredients are in separate capsules), and combinations thereof.

Particularly preferred formulations of the pesticide composition according to the present invention include suspension concentrates (SC), capsule suspension concentrates (CS), mixtures of SC and CS formulations (ZC), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), granules (GR), water-dispersible granules (WG), and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the biglozone is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, a capsule suspension, an emulsifiable concentrate, a granule, a wettable granule, and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the pethoxamide is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, a capsule suspension, a granule, a wettable granule, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the pethoxamide is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, an emulsifiable concentrate, a granule, a wettable granule, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the pethoxamide is in the form of a suspension concentrate.

In some embodiments, bixlozone and phenothoxamide are co-encapsulated in a co-CS. In some embodiments, bixlozone and phenothoxamide are encapsulated separately.

In general, the active ingredient of the pesticide composition can be encapsulated in an encapsulating material known in the art. Biodegradable and sustainable encapsulating materials are particularly preferred. In some embodiments, the amount of bixlozone is encapsulated in a material selected from polyurea, a biodegradable natural polymer, chitosan, a wax, an alginate, a cellulose, a gelatin, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the amount of phenoxamide is encapsulated in a material selected from polyurea, a biodegradable natural polymer, chitosan, a wax, an alginate, a cellulose, a gelatin, and combinations thereof.

In some specific embodiments, the pesticide composition comprises encapsulated bixlozone, non-encapsulated bixlozone, and phenoxamide.

In some embodiments, the active ingredients are present in a ratio of about 30:1, 29:1, 28:1, 27:1, 26:1, 25:1, 24:1, 23:1, 22:1, 21:1, 20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1, 16:1, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, or 1:1 to about 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, Present in a ratio of encapsulated component:non-encapsulated component of 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:26, 1:27, 1:28, 1:29, or 1:30.

In some specific embodiments, the active ingredients are present in a ratio of encapsulated ingredient:non-encapsulated ingredient of from about 9:1 to about 1:9. In some specific embodiments, the active ingredients are present in a ratio of encapsulated ingredient:non-encapsulated ingredient of from about 4:1 to about 1:4. In some specific embodiments, the active ingredients are present in a ratio of encapsulated ingredient:non-encapsulated ingredient of from about 3:1 to about 1:3. In some embodiments, the encapsulated active ingredient:non-encapsulated active ingredient is encapsulated bixlozone and non-encapsulated bixlozone.

The agrochemical composition can be applied in various combinations of the two active compounds. For example, it can be applied in the form of a single "ready-mix" or in the form of a combined spray mixture consisting of individual formulations of the active compounds, for example in the form of a "tank-mix". Thus, for use as a combination, it is not necessary to apply the two active compounds in a physically combined form, or even simultaneously, i.e. the components can be applied separately and/or sequentially, provided that the application of the second active compound is carried out within a reasonable time from the application of the first active compound. The combined effect is obtained as long as the two active compounds are present simultaneously, regardless of when they were applied. Thus, for example, a physical combination of the two active compounds can be applied, or one can be applied earlier than the other, provided that when the second active compound is applied, the previously applied active compound is still present on or in the soil around the harmful plants to be controlled, and provided that the weight ratio of the available active compounds is within the weight ratios given herein. The order of application of the individual components bixlozone and petoxamide is not important. Likewise, any form of combination of active ingredients can be applied for pre-emergence or post-emergence control of harmful plants, e.g. weeds in crops of useful plants.

In some specific embodiments, the pesticide composition is in a form selected from a premix and a tank mix.

The agrochemical compositions according to the present invention can be formulated using auxiliaries, adjuvants, and formulation techniques known in the art for formulating the active compounds individually. For example, the active compounds can be mixed together, optionally with other formulation ingredients.

The pesticide composition may contain a diluent, which may be added during the formulation process, after the formulation process (e.g., by the user - the farmer or a custom applicator), or both. The term "diluent" includes all agriculturally acceptable liquid and solid materials, including carriers, which can be added to the herbicide to render the herbicide in a suitable application form or commercial form, including solvents, emulsifiers and dispersants. Examples of suitable solid diluents or carriers are aluminum silicate, talc, calcined magnesia, kieselguhr, tricalcium phosphate, powdered cork, absorbent carbon black, chalk, silica and clays such as kaolin and bentonite. Examples of suitable liquid diluents include water, organic solvents (e.g., acetophenone, cyclohexanone, isophorone, toluene, xylene, petroleum distillates), amines (e.g., ethanolamine, dimethylformamide), and mineral, animal, and vegetable oils (used alone or in combination).

The pesticide composition may also contain surfactants, protective colloids, thickeners, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents, anticaking agents, colorants, corrosion inhibitors, and dispersants, such as lignosulfite waste and methylcellulose. As used herein, the term "surfactant" means an agriculturally acceptable material that imparts emulsifying, stabilizing, spreading, wetting, dispersing or other surface modifying properties. Examples of suitable surfactants include lignin sulfonates, fatty acid sulfonates (e.g., lauryl sulfonate), condensation products of formaldehyde and naphthalene sulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonates, ethoxylated alkylphenols, and ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Other known surfactants that have been used with herbicides are also acceptable.

In some embodiments, the pesticide composition further comprises an adjuvant selected from a dispersant, a surfactant, a biocide, an antifoaming agent, an antifreeze agent, a rheology modifier, a surfactant, a solvent, and combinations thereof.

When combined with additional ingredients, the agrochemical compositions of the present invention typically contain from about 0.01 to about 95% by weight of the synergistically active compound, from about 0 to about 20% of an agriculturally acceptable surfactant, and from about 5 to 99.99% of a solid or liquid diluent(s). The agrochemical compositions may further contain other additives known in the art, such as pigments, thickeners, and the like.

When mixed with additional ingredients, the pesticide compositions of the present invention contain the combined active ingredients in a total normal concentration typically ranging from about 0.001 N to about 10 N. In some embodiments, the pesticide compositions contain the combined active ingredients in a total normal concentration typically ranging from about 0.01 N to about 2 N.

Additional herbicides may also be used, but preferably the additional herbicides do not interfere with the synergistic relationship between bixlozone and petoxamide. Additional herbicides may be used if it is necessary to extend the control spectrum or prevent the development of resistance.

In one embodiment, examples of additional herbicides are acetochlor, acifluorfen and its sodium salt, aclonifen, acrolein (2-propenal), alachlor, alloxydim, ametrin, amicarbazone, amidosulfuron, aminocyclopyrachlor and its esters (e.g., methyl, ethyl) and salts (e.g., sodium, potassium), aminopyralid, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azimsulfuron, bixlozone, beflubutamide, beflubutamide-M, benazoline, benazoline-ethyl, benzcarbazone, benfluralin, benfuresate, benquinotrione, bensulfuron-methyl, bensulide, bentazone, benzobicyclone, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, bifenox, vilanaphos, Bipyrazone, bispyribac and its sodium salt, broclozone, bromacil, bromobutide, bromophenoxime, bromoxynil, bromoxynil octanoate, butachlor, butafenacil, butamiphos, butralin, butroxidim, butyrate, carfenstrol, carbetamide, carfentrazone-ethyl, catechin, clomethoxyphene, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazone, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorotoluron, chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthiamide, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clasiphos, clefoxidim, clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, clomazone, clomeprop, clopyralid, clopyralid-olamine, chloransulam-methyl, Cumyluron, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclopyranil, cyclopyrimorate, cyclosulfamuron, cyclooxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, cypirafluone, 2,4-D and its butotyl, butyl, isoxtyl and isopropyl esters and its dimethylammonium, diolamine and trolamine salts, daimuron, dalapon, dalapon-sodium, dazomet, 2,4-DB and its dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, desmedipham, desmetrin, dicamba and its diglycolammonium, dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, dichlovenil, dichlorprop, diclofop-methyl, diclosulam, difenzoquat methylsulfate, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dimefuron, dimesulfazet, dimepiperate, dimesulfazet, Dimethachlor, dimethamethrin, dimethenamide, dimethenamide-P, dimethipine, dimethylarsinic acid and its sodium salt, dinitramine, dinoterb, dioxopyritrione, diphenamide, diquat dibromide, dithiopyr, diuron, DNOC, endothal, EPTC, epirifenacil, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethiozine, etofumesate, ethoxyphene, ethoxysulfuron, ethobenzanide, phenoxaprop-ethyl, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, phenoxasulfone, fenpyrazone, fenquinotrione, pentrazamide, fenuron, fenuron-TCA, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, Plazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazolate, flucarbazone, flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, fluchloraminopyr, flufenacet, flufenoxyacil, flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumetsulam, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluometuron, fluoroglycophene-ethyl, flupoxam, flupyrsulfuron-methyl and its sodium salt, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, flurtamone, flusulfinam, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamine-ammonium, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, L-Glufosinate-ammonium, Glufosinate-P, Glyphosate and salts thereof, such as ammonium, isopropylammonium, potassium, sodium (including sesquisodium) and trimesium (alternatively called sulfosate), Halauxifen, Halauxifen-methyl, Halosulfuron-methyl, Haloxifop-ethotyl, Haloxifop-methyl, Hexazinone, Hydantosidine, Icapolin, Imazametabenz-methyl, Imazamox, Imazapic, Imazapyr, Imazaquin, Imazaquin-ammonium, Imazethapyr, Imazethapyr-ammonium, Imazosulfuron, Indanophan, Indaziflam, Indolauxipyr, Iophensulfuron, Iodosulfuron-methyl, Ioxynil, Ioxynil octanoate, Ioxynil-sodium, iffencarbazone, iftriazopyride, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, isoxachlortol, lactophen, lancotrione, lenacil, linuron, maleic acid hydrazide, MCPA and salts thereof (e.g. MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-potassium and MCPA-sodium, esters (e.g. MCPA-2-ethylhexyl, MCPA-butotyl) and thioesters (e.g. MCPA-thioethyl), MCPB and salts thereof (MCPB-sodium) and esters (e.g. MCPB-ethyl), mecoprop, mecoprop-P, mefenacet, mefluidide, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, metam-sodium, metamifop, metamitrone, metazachlor, metazosulfuron, Metabenzthiazuron, methylarsonic acid and its calcium, monoammonium, monosodium and disodium salts, methyldimetron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, metosulam, methoxuron, methroxibiclone, metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl, molinate, monolinuron, naproanilide, napropamide, napropamide-M, naphthalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, norflurazone, orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorphen, paraquat dichloride, pebulate, pelargonic acid, pendimethalin, fenoxsulam, pentanochlor, pentoxazone, perfluidone, petoxamide, Phetoxiamide, phenmedipham, picloram, picloram-potassium, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pretilachlor, primisulfuron-methyl, prodiamine, propoxidim, prometon, promethrin, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrasulfotole, pyrazogyl, pyrazolinate, pyrazoxyfen, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyribenzoxime, pyributicarb, pyridate, pyriflubenzoxime, pyriptalide, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulphan, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, quinclorac, Quinmerac, quinoclamine, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, rimisoxafen, rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, cetoxydim, ciduron, simazine, cimetrin, sulcotrione, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, 2,3,6-TBA, TCA, TCA-sodium, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbumetone, terbutylazine, terbutrin, tetflupyrrolimet, tenylchlor, thiazopyr, thiencarbazone, thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, thiafenacil, thiocarbazil, tolpyralate, topramezone, tralcoxydim, Tri-alate, triapamon, triasulfuron, triaziflam, tribenuron-methyl, triclopyr, triclopyr-butotyl, triclopyr-triethylammonium, tridiphane, triethazine, trifloxysulfuron, trifludimoxazine, trifluralin, triflusulfuron-methyl, tripyrasulfone, tritosulfuron, vernolate, 3-(2-chloro-3,6-difluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,5-naphthyridin-2(1 H )-one, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthalenyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2 H )-pyridazinone, 5-Chloro-3-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2(1 H )-quinoxalinone, 2-chloro- N- (1-methyl-1 H -tetrazol-5-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide, 7-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridinyl)-5-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-8-hydroxypyrido[2,3- b ]pyrazin-6(5 H )-one), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-3(2 H )-pyridazinone), 5-[[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methoxy]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)isoxazole (formerly methioxoline), 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-2-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2 H ,4 H )-dione, methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-fluoro-2-pyridinecarboxylate, 2-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)- N -(1-methyl-1 H -tetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 2-methyl- N -(4-Methyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-3-(methylsulfinyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, or their environmentally compatible salts, "acids", esters and amides. Other herbicides also include bioherbicides, such as Alternaria destruens Simmons, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., Drechsiera monoceras (MTB-951), Myrothecium verrucaria (Albertini & Schweinitz) Ditmar: Fries, Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl., Puccinia thlaspeos Schub, or their environmentally compatible salts, "acids", esters and amides.

For better control of undesirable vegetation (e.g. lower application rates due to improved efficacy, broader spectrum weed control, or improved crop safety) or to prevent the development of resistant weeds, preferred are compounds of the present invention and atrazine, azimsulfuron, S- beflubutamide, benzisothiazolinone, carfentrazone-ethyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron-methyl, clomazone, clopyralid potassium, chloransulam-methyl, 2-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone, ethametsulfuron-methyl, flumetsulam, flupyrsulfuron-methyl, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, imazethapyr, lenacil, mesotrione, metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl, petoxamide, picloram, A mixture of herbicides selected from pyroxasulfone, quinclorac, rimsulfuron, S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone, thifensulfuron-methyl, triflusulfuron-methyl, tribenuron-methyl, or environmentally compatible salts, "acids", esters and amides thereof.

In another embodiment, examples of additional herbicides include acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors (ACCs), for example, cyclohexene oxime ethers such as alloxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, butroxydim, clephoxydim or tepraloxydim; Phenoxyphenoxypropionic acid esters, such as clodinafop-propargyl, cyhalofopbutyl, diclofop-methyl, phenoxaprop-ethyl, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, pentiapropeltyl, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, isoxapyripop, propaquizafop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl or quizalofop-tefuryl; or arylaminopropionic acids, such as flamprop-methyl or flamprop-isopropyl; p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate-dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, for example pyrazolinates, pyrazoxifene, benzophenap, sulcotriones, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, isoxachlortol, ketospiradox, tembotrione; acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS), for example imidazolinones, such as imazapyr, imazaquine, imazametabenz-methyl (imazame), imazamox, imazapic or imazethapyr; pyrimidyl ethers, such as pyrithiobac-acid, pyrithiobac-sodium, bispyribac-sodium or pyribenzoxime; sulfonamides, such as chloransulam, diclosulam, florasulam, flumetsulam, metosulam or penoxsulam; or sulfonylureas, such as amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorlimuron ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, plazasulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron-methyl or -3-oxetanyl, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, triflusulfuron-methyl or tritosulfuron; Amides, for example alidochlor, benzoylprop-ethyl, bromobutide, chlorthiamide, diphenamide, etobenzanide (benzclomet), fluthiamide, fosamine or monalide; Auxin herbicides, for example pyridinecarboxylic acids, such as clopyralid or picloram; 2,4-D or benazoline; Auxin transport inhibitors, for example naphtalam or diflufenzopyr; Carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors, for example amitrole, diflufenican, fluorochloridone, fluridone, flurtamone, norflurazon or picolinafen; Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSPS), for example glyphosate or sulfosate; Glutamine synthetase inhibitors, for example vilanaphos (bialapos) or glufosinate-ammonium; Lipid biosynthesis inhibitors, for example anilides, such as anilofos or mefenacet; chloroacetanilides, such as dimethenamide, S-dimethenamide, acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, butenachlor, dietyl-ethyl, dimethachlor, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pretilachlor, propachlor, prinachlor, terbuchlor, thenylchlor or xylachlor; thioureas, such as butylate, cyclolate, di-allate, dimepiperate, EPTC, esprocarb, molinate, pebulate, prosulfocarb, thiobencarb (bentiocarb), tri-allate or vernolate; or benfuresate or perfluidone; Mitotic inhibitors, for example carbamates, for example asulam, carbetamide, chlorpropham, orbencarb, propyzamide, propham or thiocarbazil; dinitroanilines, for example benepine, butralin, dinitramine, ethalfluralin, fluchloralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prodiamine or trifluralin; pyridines, for example dithiopyr or thiazopyr; or butamiphos, chlorthal-dimethyl (DCPA) or maleic acid hydrazide; Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors, for example diphenyl ethers, such as acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, bifenox, chlornitrofen (CNP), ethoxyphene, fluorodiphen, fluoroglycophene-ethyl, fomesafen, furyloxyphen, lactophen, nitrophen, nitrofluorfen or oxyfluorfen; oxadiazoles, such as oxadiargyl or oxadiazon; cyclic imides, such as azafenidine, butafenacil, carfentrazone-ethyl, cinidon-ethyl, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flumipropin, flupropacil, fluthiacet-methyl, sulfentrazone or thidiazimine; or pyrazoles, such as ET-751, JV 485 or nipyraclofen; photosynthesis inhibitors, such as propanil, pyridate or pyridafol; Benzothiadiazinones, such as bentazone; dinitrophenols, such as bromophenoxime, dinoseb, dinoseb-acetate, dinoterb or DNOC; dipyridylenes, such as cipherquat-chloride, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, diquat or paraquat-dichloride; ureas, such as chlorbromuron, chlorotoluron, difenoxuron, dimefuron, diuron, etidimuron, fenuron, fluometuron, isoproturon, isouron, linuron, metabenzthiazuron, methazole, methobenzuron, methoxuron, monolinuron, neburon, ciduron or tebuthiuron; phenols, such as bromoxynil or ioxynil; chloridazones; Triazines, such as ametrin, atrazine, cyanazine, desmethrin, dimethamethrin, hexazinone, prometon, promethrin, propazine, simazine, cimetrin, terbumetone, terbutrin, terbuthylazine or triethazine; triazinones, such as metamitrone or metribuzin; uracils, such as bromacil, lenacil or terbacil; or biscarbamates, such as desmedipam or phenmedipam; growth factors, for example aryloxyalkanoic acids, such as 2,4-DB, clomeprop, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P (2,4-DP-P), fluorooxypyr, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, mecoprop-P or triclopyr; benzoic acids, such as chloramben or dicamba; or quinolinecarboxylic acids, such as quinclorac or quinmerac; Cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as isoxaben or dichlovenil; various other herbicides, such as dichloropropionic acid, such as dalapon; dihydrobenzofurans, such as etofumesate; henylacetic acids, such as chlorfenac (Fenac); or aziprothrin, barban, bensulide, benzthiazurone, benzofluor, buminaphos, butidazole, buturon, carfenstrol, chlorbupam, chlorfenprop-methyl, chloroxuron, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cycluron, cyprazine, cyprazole, dibenziluron, dipropethrin, dimron, eglinazine-ethyl, endothal, ethiozine, flucarbazone, fluorobenthranil, flupoxam, isocarbamide, isopropalin, carbutylate, mefluidide, monuron, napropamide, napropanilide, nitraline, oxacyclomephone, penisopam, piperophos, procyanidin, profluralin, pyributicarb, secbumetone, sulfalate (CDEC), terbucarb, triaziflam, Triazophenamide or trimethurone; or their environmentally compatible salts, "acids", esters and amides.

In some specific embodiments, the synergistic mixture further comprises beflubutamide or beflubutamide-M.

Bixlozone and petoxamide and optionally one or more additional herbicides may also be applied in combination with at least one safener compound. The safener compound is a compound which is effective in antagonizing the action of bixlozone and petoxamide, or both, or the optional additional herbicide(s), and is applied in a suitable amount, i.e., an amount which counteracts to some extent the phytotoxic response of the beneficial plant to the herbicide(s). The safener may be suitably incorporated into the agrochemical composition. Suitable safeners for use include cloquintocet, cloquintocet-mexyl, benoxacor, dichlormide, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenchlorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl and oxabetrinil or environmentally compatible salts, "acids", esters and amides thereof.

In some embodiments, the pesticide composition further comprises a safety agent selected from quinolinecarboxylic acid herbicides and agriculturally acceptable salts and esters thereof, cloquintocet mexyl, cyprosulfamide, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl, and combinations thereof.

In general, the pesticide compositions according to the present invention can be prepared by any suitable method known in the art. In some embodiments, the pesticide compositions according to the present invention are prepared by a method comprising the step of forming a mixture comprising (i) bixlozone and (ii) phenothoxamide, wherein bixlozone and phenothoxamide are present in a synergistically effective amount, and wherein bixlozone and phenothoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8.

In general, the pesticide compositions according to the present invention can be used according to any suitable method known in the art. In some embodiments, the pesticide compositions according to the present invention are used according to a method comprising applying an pesticide composition comprising bixlozone and phenoxamide to undesirable vegetation or its habitat or to soil to prevent germination or growth of undesirable vegetation, wherein bixlozone and phenoxamide are present in a synergistically effective amount, and wherein bixlozone and phenoxamide are present in a ratio of bixlozone:phenoxamide of from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8.

In some embodiments, the vegetation comprises at least one herbicide resistant or tolerant weed species. In some embodiments, the vegetation comprises at least one susceptible weed species.

In some embodiments, the vegetation comprises weeds selected from broadleaf weeds and herbaceous weeds.

In some embodiments, the pesticide composition is applied at a stage selected from pre-germination, post-germination, and combinations thereof.

The pesticide composition according to the present invention can be used for the selective control of herbaceous and annual and perennial monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants in the presence of useful plants such as maize, soybean, pea, bean, sunflower, rapeseed, sugarcane, cassava, pumpkin, potato, vegetables and tobacco. The control of such harmful plants found among transgenic useful plants or among useful plants selected by classical means which are resistant to bixlozone and/or phenoxamide is also within the scope of the present invention. Likewise, the pesticide composition can be used for the control of undesirable harmful plants among plantation crops.

Among the harmful plants that can be controlled, such as weeds or native crop plants, are Abutilon theophrasti (ABUTH), Acalypha virginica (ACCVI), Alopecurus myosuroides ( ALOMY), Amaranthus retroflexus ( AMARE), Ambrosia artemisiifolia (AMBEL), Anagallis arvensis (ANGAR), Apera spica-venti (APESV), Arrhenatherum elatius (ARREB), Calystegia sepium (CAGSE), Capsella bursa-pastoris ( Capsella bursa-pastoris )(CAPBP), Centaurea cyanus (CENCY), Chenopodium album (CHEAL), Chenopodium hybridum (CHEHY), Chenopodium polyspermum (CHEPO), Cirsium arvense (GIRAR), Convolvulus arvensis (CONAR), Cynodon dactylon (CYNDA), Cyperus difformis (CYPDI), Cyperus iria (CYPIR), Datura stramonium (DATST), Daucus carota )(DAUCA), Descurainia sophia (DESSO), Digitaria sanguinalis (DIGSA), Echinochloa crus -galli(ECHCG), Echinochloa colonum (ECHCO), Fumaria officinalis(FUMOF), Galium aparine (GALAP), Galinsoga quadriradiata(GASCI), Geranium dissectum (GERDI), Geranium mole(GERMO), Geranium pusillum(GERPU), Hibiscus trionum( Hibiscus trionum )(HIBTR), Lamium amplexicaule (LAMAM) , Lamium purpureum (LAMPU), Buglossoides arvensis (LITAR), Lolium multiflorum (LOLMU), Lolium perenne (LOLPE), Lolium rigidum (LOLRI), Matricaria chamomilla (MATCH), Tripleurospermum inodorum (MATIN), Mercurialis annua (MERAN), Panicum dichotomiflorum (PANDI), Panicum miliaceum )(PAPRS), Papaver rhoeas (PAPRH), Phalaris minor (PHAMI), Poa annua ( POAAN), Polygonum aviculare (POLAV), Fallopia convolvulus (POLCO), Persicaria hydropiper (POLHY), Persicaria lapathifolia ( POLLA), Persicaria maculosa (POLPE), Portulaca oleracea (POROL), Potentilla tridentate (PTLTR), Senecio vulgaris )(SENVU), Setaria pumila (SETPU), Setaria viridis(SETVI), Solanum nigrum(SOLNI), Sorghum halepense ( SORHA), Stellaria media (STEME), Trifolium incarnatum (TRFIN), Veronica arvensis(VERAR), Veronica hederifolia (VERHE), Veronica persica(VERPE), Viola arvensis(VIOAR), and Xanthium strumarium (XANST), and combinations thereof.

Also, harmful plants that can be controlled, such as weeds or native crop plants, include Digitaria ischaemum , Matricaria spp ., Myosotis arvensis, Poa spp., Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum persicaria, Portulaca oleracea , and Setaria geniculate .

Also, harmful plants that can be controlled, such as weeds or native crop plants, include annual blue grass, annual ryegrass ( Lolium rigidum ), ball medic ( Medicago spp.), barley grass ( Hordeum murinum ), bedstraw ( Galium tricornutum ), Benghal dayflower, bifora ( Bifora testiculata), black grass, black night shade, broadleaf signal grass, brome grass ( Bromus spp.), Canada thistle, Capeweed ( Arctotheca calendula ), cheat, chickweed ( Stellaria media), common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum), common ragweed, corn poppies, doublegee ( Emex australis ), field violet, fleabane ( Conyza bonariensis ), giant foxtail, fumitory ( Fumaria spp.), goose grass, green fox tail, guinea grass, hairy beggartick, herbicide-resistant blackgrass, horseweed, Indian hedge mustard ( Sisymbrium orientale ), Italian rye grass, Jersey cudweed ( Gnaphalium luteoalbum ), jimsonweed, johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), large crabgrass, lesser loosestrife ( Lythrum hyssopifolia ), little seed cany grass, morning glory, Patterson's curse (Echium plantagineum). Echium plantagineum ), Pennsylvania smartweed, phalaris ( Phalaris paradoxa ), pitted morningglory, prickly lettuce ( Lactuca serriola ), prickly sida, quack grass, redflowered mallow ( Modiola caroliniana ), redroot pigweed, rough poppy ( Papaver hybridum ), serradella, shatter cane, shepherd's purse, silky windgrass, and silvergrass (bulphia). bromoides ( Vulpia bromoides ), sowthistle ( Sonchus oleraceus ), sub-clover ( Trifolium spp.), sunflower (as a weed in potatoes), volunteer chickpea, faba bean, field pea, lentil, lupin and vetch, wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), wild mustard (Brassica kaber), wild oat (Avena fatua), wild poinsettia (wild pointsettia), wild radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum )), wild turnip ( Rapistrum rugosum , Brassica tournefortii ), wireweed ( Polygonum aviculare), yellow foxtail, and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus).

Desirable pest plants, such as weeds or native crop plants, that can be controlled include wild radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum ), velvetleaf, datura, common cocklebur, and hairy begartick. A particularly desirable pest plant, such as a weed or native crop plant, that can be controlled is wild radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum ).

Example

Ascending effect.

A synergistic effect exists when the action of the combination of active ingredients is greater than the sum of the actions of each ingredient alone. Therefore, a synergistic combination is a combination of active ingredients that has an action greater than the sum of the actions of each active ingredient alone, and the synergistic effective amount is the effective amount of the synergistic combination. Well-known methods for determining whether synergy exists include the Colby method, the Tammes method, and the Wadley method, all of which are described below. Any one of these methods can be used to determine whether synergy exists between Compound A and Compound B.

In the Colby method, also known as the Limpels method, the expected action E for a given combination of active ingredients follows the so-called Colby equation. According to Colby, the expected action of active ingredients A + B using p+q ppm of active ingredients is:

Here, ppm is milligrams of active ingredient (=a.i.) per liter of spray mixture, X is the % action of component A using p ppm of active ingredient, and Y is the % action of component B using q ppm of active ingredient. If the ratio R, defined as the actually observed action (O) divided by the expected action (E), is greater than 1, the action of the combination is superadditive, i.e. there is a synergistic effect. For a more detailed description of the Colby equation, see Colby, S. R. "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combination", Weeds, Vol. 15, pages 20-22; 1967; see also Limpel et al., Proc. NEWCC 16: 48-53 (1962).

The Tammes method uses a graphical representation to determine whether there is a synergistic effect. See "Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism in pesticides," Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 70 (1964) p. 73-80.

The Wadley method is based on comparing the observed EC50 value (i.e., the concentration that provides 50% control) obtained from experimental data using a dose response curve to the predicted EC50 calculated theoretically from the following equation:

Here, a and b are the weight ratios of compounds A and B in the mixture, and EC50 _obs is the experimentally determined EC50 value obtained using a dose response curve for the individual compounds. The ratio EC50(A+B) _expected / EC50(A+B) _observed represents the interaction factor (F) (the synergistic factor). In case of synergy, F is greater than 1. For a more detailed description of the Wadley method, see Levi et al., EPPO-Bulletin 16, 1986, 651-657.

The present invention is illustrated by the following examples.

As used herein, evaluation timings correspond to: A1 = weed evaluation at BBCH 11 to 12; A2 = 4 weeks after application; A3 = when ZEAMX crop reaches BBCH 18 (row closure); and A4 = BBCH 51 to 59 of ZEAMX crop.

The herbicidal compounds bixlozone and petoxamide were applied in different forms and at different doses, application rates and normal concentrations. The efficacy of the herbicidal compositions was evaluated on a scale from 0 to 100% compared to untreated control plots, where 0 means no damage to harmful plants and 100 means complete destruction of harmful plants. Plants per square meter are expressed as "pl/m ² " and grams per hectare as "g/ha". The abbreviation "EC" stands for an emulsifiable concentrate (a homogeneous liquid formulation to be applied as an emulsion after dilution with water); "SC" stands for a suspension concentrate (a stable suspension of the active ingredient(s) in water as a fluid); "ZC" stands for a mixed formulation of CS and SC (a stable suspension of capsules and active ingredient(s) in a fluid, usually intended to be diluted with water before use).

Example 1. Pre-emergence application of a pesticide mixture to corn against herbaceous weeds.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. Acceptable crop safety was observed for all combinations. Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix provided additional crop safety equivalent to a tank mix with Bixlozone SC alone at a reduced rate (150 g/ha). Efficacy was equivalent when Bixlozone at a fixed rate was combined with Petoxamide at the following rates: 1200 or 900 g/ha. Efficacy decreased when the Bixlozone rate was reduced from 250 g/ha to 150 g/ha. Rate-for-rate efficacy was lower for Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix compared to Bixlozone SC + Petoxamide EC.

[Table 1] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha. Data were not collected where indicated by a “-” entry.

Example 2. Pre-emergence application of pesticide mixture to corn against broadleaf weeds.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. Acceptable crop safety was observed for all combinations. Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix provided additional crop safety equivalent to a tank mix with Bixlozone SC only at a reduced rate (150 g/ha). Efficacy was equivalent when Bixlozone at a fixed rate was combined with Petoxamide at the following rates: 1200 or 900 g/ha. Efficacy decreased when the Bixlozone rate was reduced from 250 g/ha to 150 g/ha. Efficacy on a same rate basis was lower for Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix compared to Bixlozone SC + Petoxamide EC.

[Table 2] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha. Data were not collected where indicated by a “-” entry.

[Table 3] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied pre-emergence to corn. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where “Tank” is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where “Premix” is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 4] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied pre-emergence to corn. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where “Tank” is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where “Premix” is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 5] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn for all combined weeds. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where “Tank” is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where “Premix” is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 6] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn for all combined forages. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where “tank” is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where “premix” is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 7] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn for all combined broadleaf weeds. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where "Tank" is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where "Premix" is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

Example 3. Pre-emergence application of a pesticide mixture to corn at a relatively high phenoxamide application rate.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. For Bixlozone alone, minimal differences in performance were observed between SC and CS, except for CHEAL and ECHCG. Mixtures of Bixlozone and 1200 g/ha Petoxamide improved the weed spectrum against various broadleaf weeds (e.g. CHEAL, MATSS, and POLSS) and grasses (e.g. ECHCG, DIGSA, and SETVI). In pre-emergence applications, the combination of Bixlozone and Petoxamide was very safe with no apparent Petoxamide ratio effect. Tank-mixes and pre-mixes yielded similar efficacy.

[Table 8] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha.

[Table 9] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn at the crop row closure stage (BBCH 18). The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where "Tank" is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where "Premix" is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for the values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 10] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn at the crop row closure stage (BBCH 18). The notation in parentheses indicates the form of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where "tank" is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where "premix" is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for the values expected from the individual mixtures.

[Table 11] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn at the crop row closure stage (BBCH 18). The notation in parentheses indicates the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where "Tank" is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where "Premix" is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for the values expected from the individual mixtures.

Example 4. Pre-emergence application of pesticide mixture to corn at a relatively intermediate phenoxamide application rate.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. For Bixlozone alone compositions, minimal performance differences were observed between SC and CS, except for CHEAL and ABUTH. Mixtures of Bixlozone and 800 g/ha Petoxamide improved the weed spectrum against various broadleaf weeds (e.g. CHEAL and ABUTH) and grasses (e.g. ECHCG, DIGSA, and SETVI). In pre-emergence applications, the combination of Bixlozone and Petoxamide was very safe with no apparent Petoxamide ratio effect. Tank mixes and premixes yielded similar efficacy. Compositions comprising Bixlozone + Petoxamide mixed CS showed increased efficacy compared to compositions comprising Bixlozone + Petoxamide co-encapsulated CS.

[Table 12] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha.

Example 5. Pre-emergence application of pesticide mixture to corn at relatively low phenoxamide application rates.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. For Bixlozone alone compositions, minimal differences in performance were observed between SC and CS, except for POLSS, SOLNI, ABUTH, and ECHCG. Mixtures of Bixlozone and 300 g/ha Petoxamide improved the weed spectrum against several broadleaf weeds (e.g., SOLNI and ABUTH). In pre-emergence applications, the combination of Bixlozone and Petoxamide was very safe with no apparent Petoxamide ratio effect. Tank mixes and premixes yielded similar efficacy. Compositions comprising Bixlozone + Petoxamide mixed CS showed increased efficacy against some broadleaf weeds (e.g., POLSS and SOLNI) compared to compositions comprising Bixlozone + Petoxamide co-encapsulated CS.

[Table 13] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha.

Example 6. Pre-emergence application of pesticide mixture to corn against herbaceous weeds.

Various forms, compositions and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide were applied to corn pre-emergence. Acceptable crop safety was observed for all combinations. Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix provided additional crop safety equivalent to a tank mix with Bixlozone SC only at a reduced rate (150 g/ha). Efficacy was equivalent when Bixlozone at a fixed rate was combined with Petoxamide at the following rates: 1200 or 900 g/ha. Efficacy decreased when the Bixlozone rate was reduced from 250 g/ha to 150 g/ha. Efficacy on a same rate basis was lower for Bixlozone CS (250 g/ha) + Petoxamide CS tank mix compared to Bixlozone SC + Petoxamide EC.

[Table 14] Efficacy of various forms and mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Concentrations are given in parentheses in g/ha.

Example 7. Pre-emergence application of pesticide mixture to corn against weeds.

Mixtures of bixlozone and petoxamide at various normal concentrations were applied to corn before germination. Acceptable crop safety and good dose response were observed for all combinations. Good complementarity between bixlozone and petoxamide was observed in a number of weeds.

[Table 15] Efficacy of mixtures of different normal concentrations of bixlozone and petoxamide after pre-emergence application to corn. Weeds were present at ≥ 5 pl/m ² . Normal concentrations are given in parentheses.

[Table 16] Synergistic data for various forms and mixtures of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied pre-emergence to corn. The notations in parentheses indicate the form and amount (g/ha) of Bixlozone and Petoxamide applied, respectively. Where “Tank” is indicated, the mix is a tank mix. Where “Premix” is indicated, the mix is a premix. Where no notation is given, the values shown are Colby calculations for values expected from the individual mixtures.

This written description uses examples to illustrate the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any compositions or systems and performing any of the methods included. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples made by those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent elements that do not differ substantially from the literal language of the claims.

As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "included," "having," "having," "contains," "containing," "characterized by," or any other variation thereof, are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitations expressly stated. For example, a composition, mixture, process, or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements, but may include other elements inherent to such composition, mixture, process, or method or not expressly listed.

The transitional phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified. In the case of a claim, the claim will not include materials other than those recited, except for impurities normally associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of" is in a characterizing portion of a claim rather than immediately preceding a predicate, it limits only the elements recited in the characterizing portion and does not exclude other elements from the claim as a whole.

The transitional phrase "consisting essentially of" is used to define a composition or method that includes materials, steps, features, ingredients, or elements in addition to those literally discussed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, ingredients, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the claimed invention. The term "consisting essentially of" occupies a middle ground between "comprising" and "consisting of."

It will be readily understood that where the present invention or portions thereof are defined by open-ended terms such as “comprising,” this specification is intended to also describe such invention by using the terms “consisting essentially of” or “consisting of” (unless otherwise stated).

Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, "or" refers to an inclusive 'or', not an exclusive 'or'. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by either: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or nonexistent), A is false (or nonexistent) and B is true (or exists), and both A and B are true (or existent).

Additionally, the singular indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the present invention are not intended to be limiting as to the number (i.e., occurrence) of the element or component. Thus, the singular indefinite articles should be understood to include one or at least one, and the singular word for an element or component also includes the plural unless the number obviously implies a singular one. The term "optionally" in relation to an ingredient or method in the present formulations alternatively means "present or absent." Unless otherwise stated or cited, an "optional" ingredient is "present" or "absent" regardless of the presence or absence of other formulation ingredients or steps.

As used herein, depending on the context in which it is used, the term "about" provides an estimate of a value associated with the claimed invention, where the estimated value is reasonable in light of what is known in the context of the description of the invention and in information available to the public, such information would be understood or interpreted by those skilled in the art. In general, the term "about" as used herein means that the estimated value will fall within plus or minus 10% of the relevant value.

Claims (21)

As a pesticide composition,
Bixlozone (encapsulated Bixlozone, non-encapsulated Bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated Bixlozone and non-encapsulated Bixlozone); and
Contains phenothiazide;
The above-mentioned Bigslozone and the above-mentioned Petoxamide are present in a synergistic effective amount;
An agrochemical composition wherein the above-mentioned Bixlozone and the above-mentioned Phetoxamide are present in a ratio of Bixlozone:Phetoxamide ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8. An agricultural chemical composition in claim 1, wherein the biglosone and the petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:3.2. In claim 1 or 2, the synergistic mixture further comprises beflubutamide or beflubutamide-M, an agrochemical composition An agricultural chemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the big slozone is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, a capsule suspension, an emulsifiable concentrate, a granule, a wettable granule, and a combination thereof. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the phenothoxamide is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, a capsule suspension, granules, wettable granules, and a combination thereof. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the phenothoxamide is in a form selected from a suspension concentrate, granules, wettable granules, and a combination thereof. An agricultural chemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the phenoxyethanol is in the form of a suspension concentrate. In any one of claims 1 to 7,
(i) encapsulated Big Slozone;
(ii) non-encapsulated Bigslozone; and
(iii) An agricultural chemical composition comprising petoxamide. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the encapsulated bixlozone and the non-encapsulated bixlozone are present in a ratio ranging from about 1:9 to about 9:1. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the encapsulated bixlozone and the non-encapsulated bixlozone are present in a ratio ranging from about 1:3 to about 3:1. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the encapsulated Bigslozone is encapsulated with a material selected from polyurea, a biodegradable natural polymer, chitosan, wax, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, and combinations thereof. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a safener selected from quinolinecarboxylic acid herbicides and agriculturally acceptable salts and esters thereof, cloquintocet mexyl, cyprosulfamide, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl, and combinations thereof. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising an auxiliary agent selected from a dispersant, a surfactant, a biocide, an antifoaming agent, an antifreeze agent, a rheology regulator, a surfactant, a solvent, and a combination thereof. An agrochemical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the composition is in a form selected from a premix and a tank mix. A method for manufacturing an agrochemical composition,
(i) Bixlozone (encapsulated Bixlozone, non-encapsulated Bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated Bixlozone and non-encapsulated Bixlozone); and
(ii) comprising a step of forming a mixture comprising phenoxamide;
The above-mentioned Bigslozone and the above-mentioned Petoxamide are present in a synergistic effective amount;
A method wherein the above-mentioned Bigslozone and the above-mentioned Petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8. A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein the predetermined amount of Bigslozone is encapsulated with a material selected from polyurea, a biodegradable natural polymer, chitosan, wax, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, and combinations thereof. A method of controlling undesirable vegetation, said method comprising the step of applying an agrochemical composition to the undesirable vegetation or its locus or to the soil to prevent the emergence or growth of the undesirable vegetation, said agrochemical composition comprising:
Bixlozone (encapsulated Bixlozone, non-encapsulated Bixlozone, or a mixture of encapsulated Bixlozone and non-encapsulated Bixlozone); and
Contains phenothiazide;
The above-mentioned Bigslozone and the above-mentioned Petoxamide are present in a synergistic effective amount;
A method wherein the above-mentioned Bigslozone and the above-mentioned Petoxamide are present in a ratio ranging from about 1.25:1 to about 1:8. A method in claim 17, wherein the grass comprises at least one herbicide resistant or tolerant weed species. A method according to any one of claims 17 and 18, wherein the vegetation comprises at least one susceptible weed species. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the vegetation comprises weeds selected from broadleaf weeds and herbaceous weeds. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the pesticide composition is applied at a stage selected from pre-germination, post-germination, and combinations thereof.