KR20250026722A - 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법 및 그로부터 얻을 수 있는 리튬이온이차전지용 전극 물질 - Google Patents
폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법 및 그로부터 얻을 수 있는 리튬이온이차전지용 전극 물질 Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 cobalt metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017703 Ni Co Mn Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/22—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법에서 탄산리튬을 얻는 과정을 설명하느 모식도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법을 통해 얻게 되는 탄산리튬에 대한 X선 회절 분석 결과를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법을 통해 얻게 되는 침전물에 대한 레이저 회절을 이용한 입도분석 결과를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법을 통해 얻게 되는 열분해 직후의 분말과 물에서의 처리 후 회수되는 침전물에 대한 포화자화값 측정 결과 그래프이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법을 통해 얻게 되는 침전물의 투과전자현미경 이미지 및 회절 패턴 분석 결과이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐리튬이온이차전지의 재활용 방법을 통해 얻게 되는 침전물의 투과전자현미경 이미지 및 회절 패턴 분석 결과이다.
Li | Ni | Co | Mn | Al | |
샘플 1 | 20.41 | 불검출 | 불검출 | 불검출 | 불검출 |
샘플 2 | 18.34 | 불검출 | 불검출 | 불검출 | 불검출 |
Claims (27)
- (a) 폐리튬이온이차전지를 열분해로 내로 장입하는 단계;
(b) 상기 열분해로의 내부 온도를 상승시켜 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지의 자가발열을 유도하는 단계;
(c) 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지의 자가발열 반응을 지속시키는 단계;
(d) 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지의 자가발열 반응이 완료된 후 만들어지는 제1 분말을 배출하는 단계; 및
(e) 상기 제1 분말을 물에 투입하고 상기 제1 분말에 포함되는 리튬 성분을 용해하여, 리튬 수용액과, 상기 리튬 수용액에서 가라앉는 침전물과, 상기 리튬 수용액의 표면으로 떠오르는 부유물을 각각 분리하여 회수하는 단계;를 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (e) 단계에서 상기 제1 분말이 투입되는 상기 물의 온도는 30℃ 이하인, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (e) 단계에서 상기 제1 분말이 상기 물에 투입된 후 만들어지는 슬러리에 20미크론 이하의 미세기포를 주입하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 수용액의 물을 증발시켜 탄산리튬을 회수하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 수용액에 알칼리를 투입하고 pH를 높여 상기 리튬 성분을 수산화리튬으로 침전시켜 회수하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 침전물을 산성 수용액에 투입하여 상기 침전물에 포함되는 금속 성분이 용해된 금속 수용액을 회수하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 침전물은 금속의 니켈과 코발트를 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 침전물은 금속의 철을 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에서 열분해로에 물을 함께 투입하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에 투입되는 상기 물의 양은 열분해로에 장입되는 폐리튬이온전지에 포함되는 양극물질의 무게 100 질량부 대비 1~10 질량부 범위인, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에서 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지는 방전 처리하지 않은 상태인, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에서 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지는 분쇄 공정을 거치지 않은 상태인, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에서 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지는 리튬이온이차전지 제조 공정 중 불량으로 폐기되는 폐리튬이온이차전지를 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계에서 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지는 분해 및 분쇄되어 분말 상태인 폐리튬이온이차전지를 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (b) 단계에서 상기 내부 온도는 400℃ 이하인, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (c) 단계에서 열분해로는 가열하지 않는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (c) 단계는 10~24 시간 동안 지속되는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 (c) 단계는 비활성 가스 분위기에서 이루어지는, 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법.
- 제 1 항에 따르는 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법을 통해 회수되는 침전물로서, 금속의 Ni과 Co을 포함하며 자성을 가지는, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 금속 분말.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,
상기 금속 분말의 포화자화값은 15 emu/g 이상인, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 금속 분말.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,
레이저 회절을 이용한 입도분석기를 통해 측정한 상기 금속 분말의 평균 입도는 20㎛ 이하이고, 입도 분포에서의 표준편차는 10㎛ 이하인, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 금속 분말.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,
상기 금속 분말에서 상기 금속 Co에 대한 상기 금속 Ni의 몰비(MNi/MCo, MNi과 MCo는 각각 상기 금속환원 분말 내에서 상기 금속 Ni의 몰분율과 상기 금속 Co의 몰분율)를 제1 몰비(M1)라하고, 열분해 전인 상기 폐리튬이온이차전지의 양극재에서 Co에 대한 Ni의 몰비(mNi/mCo, mni과 mCo는 각각 상기 양극재 내에서 상기 Ni의 몰분율과 상기 Co의 몰분율)를 제2 몰비(M2)라고 할때, 제1 몰비와 제2 몰비의 차이는 제2 몰비 값의 10% 이하인, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 금속 분말.
- 제 19 항에 있어서,
상기 금속 분말은 Li, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe 및 Al 이외의 금속이온을 포함하지 않고, F- 및 Cl- 의 음이온을 포함하지 않는, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 금속 분말.
- 제 1 항에 따르는 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법을 통해 회수되는 침전물로서, 금속의 철 또는 산화철을 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 철 분말.
- 제 1 항에 따르는 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법을 통해 분리하여 회수되는 부유물로서, 흑연 또는 흑연과 실리카를 포함하는, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 탄소 분말.
- 제 25 항에 있어서,
레이저 회절을 이용한 입도분석기를 통해 측정한 상기 탄소 분말의 평균 입도는 20㎛ 이하이고, 입도 분포에서의 표준편차는 10㎛ 이하인, 폐리튬이온이차전지로부터 회수되는 탄소 분말.
- 제 1 항에 따르는 폐리튬이온이차전지 재활용 방법을 통해 만들어지는 제1 분말로서, 탄산리튬, 금속 니켈 및 금속 코발트를 포함하는 페리튬이온이차전지 재활용 분말.
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