KR20240106721A - Method for manufacturing sound-absorbing and heat-insulating complex fabric and sound-absorbing and heat-insulating complex fabric manufactured therefrom - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric is provided. The sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention includes (1) a first fiber web including first fibers with a diameter of 1 ㎛ or less and containing airgel particles, and second fibers having a larger diameter than the first fibers. (2) preparing a second fiber web and (2) applying heat and pressure to laminate the first fiber web and the second fiber web. According to this, the insulation and sound-absorbing performance can be maximized, making it possible to use it as an ultra-thin and ultra-light sound-absorbing and insulation material compared to existing sound-absorbing materials, so it can be used not only in transportation facilities such as automobiles, ships, trains, and airplanes, but also in architectural structures such as buildings and factories. By applying it, sound absorption and insulation can be achieved simultaneously.

Description

Method for manufacturing sound-absorbing and heat-insulating complex fabric and sound-absorbing and heat-insulating complex fabric manufactured therefrom}

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric and a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric manufactured through the same.

Industrially, nanofibers are defined as fibrous materials with a diameter of less than 1㎛, which is the limit for conventional melt spinning or solution spinning. General nanofibers can be manufactured by methods such as electrospinning, self-assembly, drawing, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), but in terms of application and mass production of nanofibers, electricity Radiation method is known to be the most effective method. Electrospinning is a porous process in which the solvent is volatilized as the polymer solution flies to the current collector by an electric field formed by applying an electric field to the polymer solution or melt, and nanofibers with a diameter of less than 1㎛ are stacked in a three-dimensional network on the current collector. This is a method of forming a web-shaped membrane. These nanofibers have an open pore structure with pores connected from the surface to the back, a high porosity of 60-80%, and a high specific surface area to volume, and are used in moisture-permeable and waterproof fabrics, filters for air and water purification, electrical and It has the advantage of being applicable as a base material in almost all industrial fields, including electronic materials and biomedical materials.

Meanwhile, aerogel is the lightest air-like solid on Earth and is an extremely low-density, high-tech material with a porosity of 90 to 99.8%, a specific surface area of less than 2,000 m2/g, and a thermal conductivity of 0.005 to 0.1 W/mk. Airgel with this nano-porous structure is a very efficient ultra-insulating material due to its low thermal conductivity and high light transmittance, and is applied to electronic equipment insulation in spacecraft, sportswear, paints, building materials, cosmetics, and medicine.

Recently, as the mobility paradigm has changed from internal combustion engines to electric motors, the number of automobile parts has decreased by more than 30%, and with the expansion of vehicle interior space, the design of existing parts is changing so that it can be applied to narrow spaces. Since electric vehicles do not have engine noise, road noise, wind noise coming from all over the front, and high-frequency noise from the electric motor (high noise sensitivity) are becoming a big issue. In particular, the internal space of electric vehicles is larger than that of internal combustion engines, and noise is amplified due to resonance, so there is a greater need for sound absorption. In addition, since the vehicle drive and the internal temperature control system are operated simultaneously using battery power, the operation of the internal temperature control system affects the driving distance, and accordingly, the insulating interior material for internal temperature management plays an important role.

In addition, porous materials such as PET non-woven fabric, microfiber, urethane foam, and nanofiber, weighing about 20 kg per vehicle, are used as sound absorbing and insulating materials for noise reduction in electric vehicles, and separately, thick insulating materials are applied for insulation.

However, the various sound-absorbing and insulating materials developed to date are insufficient to demonstrate the high level of sound-absorbing and insulation performance required for electric vehicles, or even when they have such sound-absorbing and insulating performance, the weight and volume of the insulating and sound-absorbing materials increase. As a result, the interior space of the vehicle is reduced, and the increased weight causes greater electrical energy loss when driving the vehicle, which shortens the driving distance.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop insulating and sound-absorbing materials that can satisfy vehicle quietness and insulation properties while securing sufficient space inside the vehicle by making it lighter and thinner, and minimizing electrical energy loss due to the weight of the insulating and sound-absorbing materials.

Public Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0010350

The present invention was conceived in consideration of the above points, and its purpose is to provide a method for manufacturing a lightweight and thin sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric that has both sound-absorbing and heat-insulating properties, and a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric implemented through the method.

In addition, the present invention provides interior and exterior materials for automobiles equipped with sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric to maximize sound-absorbing and insulating performance by adjusting the position and arrangement of the layers constituting the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric, and an electric vehicle equipped with the same. There is.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides (1) a first fiber web containing first fibers with a diameter of 1㎛ or less and airgel particles, and a second fiber containing second fibers with a larger diameter than the first fibers. A method for manufacturing a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric is provided, including the steps of preparing a web and (2) applying heat and pressure to laminate the first fiber web and the second fiber web.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the airgel particles may be provided in an amount of 3 to 50% by weight in the first fiber.

Additionally, the diameter of the airgel particles and the diameter of the first fiber may have a diameter ratio of 1:3.5 to 50.

Additionally, in the second fiber web, the second fibers may have an average diameter of 5 to 30 ㎛, and the thickness of the second fiber web may be 3 to 40 mm.

Additionally, step (2) may be performed after placing a third fiber web containing a heat-adhesive resin between the first fiber web and the second fiber web.

In addition, the first fiber has a side-by-side arrangement in which a heat-bonded portion formed of the heat-adhesive resin and a fiber portion formed of a polymer resin having a higher melting point than the heat-sealable resin are adjacent to each other in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber. It has a side cross-section, and the airgel particles may be included in the fiber portion.

In addition, the third fiber web includes third fibers having a diameter of 1.5 ㎛ or less but the same or larger than the diameter of the first fibers, and the third fibers are located in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fibers. It may be a heat-sealable composite fiber having a side-by-side cross section in which a heat-sealable portion formed of a heat-sealable resin and a fiber portion formed of a polymer resin having a higher melting point than the heat-sealable resin are arranged adjacent to each other.

Additionally, the heat-adhesive resin may have a melting point that is 50°C or more lower than the melting points of the first fiber and the second fiber.

In addition, the fiber portion may further include airgel particles in an amount of 3% by weight or more based on the weight of the fiber portion.

Additionally, the area of the thermally bonded portion within the cross-section of the third fiber may be 50% or less of the cross-sectional area.

Additionally, the area of the thermally bonded portion may be 10 to 30% of the cross-sectional area.

In addition, the present invention provides a first fiber web including first fibers with a diameter of 1㎛ or less and having airgel particles, a second fiber web including second fibers with a diameter larger than the first fiber, and the first fiber web and Provided is a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric having a fusion portion located at the interface between the second fiber web and bonding the first fiber web and the second fiber web.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the airgel particles may be provided in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight in the first fiber.

Additionally, the diameter of the airgel particles and the diameter of the first fiber may have a diameter ratio of 1:10 to 50.

In addition, the third fiber is a side-by-side type heat-sealable composite fiber disposed adjacent to a fiber portion in the cross-section and a heat-sealable portion having a melting point, for example, at least 50° C. lower than that of the fiber portion, and having a diameter of 1.5 μm or less. A three-fiber web is disposed between the first fiber web and the second fiber web, and the fused portion may be formed by fusion between each of the first and second fibers located at the interface and a heat bonded portion within the third fiber. .

In addition, the fiber portion may further include airgel particles in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the fiber portion.

In addition, the first fiber has a side-by-side arrangement in which a heat-bonded portion formed of the heat-adhesive resin and a fiber portion formed of a polymer resin having a higher melting point than the heat-sealable resin are adjacent to each other in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber. It has a side cross-section, the airgel particles are included in the fiber portion, and the fusion portion may be formed by fusion between the heat bonding portion and the second fiber.

Additionally, the present invention provides interior and exterior materials for automobiles comprising the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to the present invention.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric may be provided so that light including infrared rays and sound waves including audible frequencies are incident toward the first fiber web of the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric.

The method for manufacturing a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to the present invention has both sound-absorbing and insulating properties and is suitable for implementing a lightweight and thinner sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric. In addition, the implemented sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric can maximize insulation and sound-absorbing performance, so it can be used as an ultra-thin and ultra-light sound-absorbing and insulating material compared to existing sound-absorbing materials, so it can be used in transportation facilities such as automobiles, ships, trains, and airplanes, as well as buildings. , it can be applied to building structures such as factories to achieve sound absorption and insulation at the same time.

1 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process for a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the XX' boundary of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5a to 5c are cross-sectional views along the YY' boundary of Figure 4;
Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the interface where heat is bonded between the first fiber web and the second fiber web, and Figure 6a shows heat at the interface between the first fiber web and the second fiber web according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing adhesion, and Figure 6b is a schematic diagram showing thermal bonding performed through a hot melt agent at the interface of the first fiber web and the second fiber web.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along the ZZ' boundary of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the first fiber web provided in the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of a cross section of a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the first fiber web provided in the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a graph of reflectance measurements for light in the visible and near-infrared wavelength ranges performed on the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to Example 1;
Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the evaluation method when evaluating the insulation performance of Experimental Example 2, and
Figure 14 is a graph evaluating sound absorption performance for several examples and comparative examples of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts not related to the description are omitted, and identical or similar components are given the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes (1) first fibers 11 with a diameter of 1 ㎛ or less and including airgel particles 11a. Preparing a second fiber web 20 including a first fiber web 10 and second fibers 21 with a larger diameter than the first fiber 11, and (2) comprising a heat-adhesive resin. After placing the third fiber web 30 between the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20, heat and pressure are applied to separate the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20. It can be manufactured including the step of lamination.

First, in step (1) of the present invention, a first fiber web 10 containing first fibers 11 with a diameter of 1 μm or less including airgel particles 11a and a first fiber web 10 with a diameter larger than the first fibers 11 A step of preparing the second fiber web 20 including the second fibers 21 is performed.

The first fibrous web 10 is a main functional layer that exhibits sound-absorbing and insulating performance in a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric, and is manufactured to include first fibers 11 with a diameter of 1 μm or less. The first fiber web 10 can be manufactured through a known method capable of producing fibers with a diameter of 1㎛ or less. As an example, the first fiber web 10 may be manufactured through electrospinning. The electrospinning can be specifically performed using known electrospinning methods and devices such as pure electrospinning, melt spray electrospinning, bubble electrospinning, centrifugal force electrospinning, and nozzle-less electrospinning, and the present invention provides specific spinning conditions for this. and the method is not particularly limited.

Specifically, the first fiber web 10 can be manufactured through the first fiber 11 obtained by electrospinning a spinning solution in which a known polymer capable of electrospinning is dissolved or melted. As an example, the first fiber 11 is a polyethylene glycol derivative including polyethylene glycol dialkyl ether and polyethylene glycol dialkyl ester, poly(oxymethylene-oligo-oxyethylene), polyoxide including polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, Polyacrylonitrile copolymers including polyvinyl acetate, poly(vinylpyrrolidone-vinylacetate), polystyrene and polystyrene acrylonitrile copolymer, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyacrylonitrile methyl methacrylate copolymer. It may be a polymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polyacrylic acid, or a fluorine-based compound. In addition, the fluorine-based compounds include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP)-based, Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoro It may include a fiber portion (11b) formed of a fiber-forming component that is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of Roethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

In addition, the spinning solution may further include a solvent suitable for dissolving the fiber-forming components constituting the above-described fiber portion 11b, and the solvent may be a known solvent used in a spinning solution for electrospinning. , As a non-limiting example, the solvent is DMA (dimethyl acetamide), DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide), NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone), DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), THF (tetra-hydrofuran) , di-methylacetamide (DMAc), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), propylene carbonate (PC), water, acetic acid, and acetone. Any one or more selected from the group consisting of may be used.

Meanwhile, the spinning solution may contain airgel particles (11a), through which the airgel particles (11a) can be stably fixed on the first fiber (11). In other words, the method of providing airgel particles on fibers includes spinning airgel particles together with fiber-forming ingredients, or fixing airgel particles through coating on the surface of already manufactured fibers. The latter method is a method of providing airgel particles with a fiber-forming component. A separate attachment means such as a binder is required for fixation, and even when a binder is used, it may be difficult to uniformly disperse and fix the airgel particles on the surface of the fibers constituting the fiber web. In addition, when a coating solution is applied, the pores of the fiber web may be blocked, and in this case, the porosity and pore diameter of the fiber web may be reduced, which may result in a decrease in sound absorption and insulation performance. In addition, if the pores of the fiber web surface are blocked and flattened due to coating, sufficient scattering effect may not be achieved through airgel particles. In other words, light incident on the surface of a fiber web formed of fibers with a diameter of 1㎛ scatters light through the fiber web itself through the thin diameter of the fibers that make up the fiber web, the curved fiber surface, and the fine spacing between fibers. If the surface of the fiber web is flattened by coating, it may be difficult for the fiber web to achieve an increased scattering effect due to the surface morphology and airgel even if the airgel particles are provided on the flattened surface. .

In this aspect, the airgel particles are mixed with the spinning solution for producing the fiber, and the porosity and pore diameter of the first fiber web 10 achieved by spinning together are maintained intact, and the airgel particles are uniformly distributed on the first fiber 11. It may be advantageous to implement a first fiber 11 that is dispersed and at least a portion of the airgel particles are exposed to the outside on the surface of the first fiber 11.

In addition, the airgel particles 11a can be used without limitation if they are known airgel particles. The airgel particles (11a) are a solid material that has micropores and mesopores and is composed of a highly porous network. The high porosity and specific surface area of the particle itself are advantageous for demonstrating an insulating effect, and the smooth surface of the first fiber Imparting a rough surface can help increase light scattering. The airgel particles can be used without limitation in the case of known airgel particles, and as a non-limiting example, one type of inorganic airgel such as organic airgel such as polyimide airgel, metal carbide airgel, carbon airgel, silica airgel, and alumina airgel. Alternatively, two or more types can be mixed and used.

In addition, the particle size of the airgel particles 11a can be determined considering the diameter of the first fiber 11 to be implemented, and preferably, the particle size of the airgel particles and the diameter of the first fiber have a diameter ratio of 1: 3 to 100. , more preferably 1: 3.5 to 50, even more preferably 1: 10 to 50, more preferably 1: 10 to 35, and the airgel particles (11a) contained therein are the first It is distributed on the first fiber 11 so that it is exposed to the surface of the fiber 11 and has excellent spinning properties, which is advantageous for mass production. If the diameter of the first fiber is less than 3 times that of the airgel particle, there is a risk of excessive thread breakage during spinning, and even if the thread is not broken, the mechanical strength of the first fiber web may be greatly reduced, and after using the first fiber web, the mechanical strength of the first fiber web may be greatly reduced. There is a risk that the amount of airgel particles that fall off during the process or use of the implemented sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric increases, resulting in changes in physical properties that deteriorate the sound-absorbing and insulating performance. In addition, if the diameter of the first fiber exceeds 100 times that of the airgel particle, even if the airgel particle content is increased, the airgel content exposed to the surface of the first fiber is small and most of it is distributed inside the first fiber, so The development of insulation and sound absorption performance may be minimal.

On the other hand, the airgel particles 11a may have a particle diameter of 20 to 300 nm, for example, and more preferably 20 to 100 nm. If the particle diameter of the airgel particles is less than 20 nm, the airgel particles in the spinning solution may be uniformly dispersed. It may be difficult, and it may be provided in a form distributed inside the fiber rather than exposed to the surface of the fiber, so it may be difficult to achieve sufficient thermal insulation and sound absorption performance. In addition, if the particle size of the airgel particles exceeds 300 nm, the spinning properties may be poor due to the breakage of the first fiber 11 being spun, and there is a risk of clogging of the spinning nozzle due to agglomeration of the airgel particles. .

In addition, the airgel particles (11a) may be included in an amount of 3 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 30 parts by weight, and even more preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the fiber forming component contained in the spinning solution. there is. If the airgel particles are contained in less than 3 parts by weight compared to the fiber-forming components in the spinning solution, it may be insufficient to achieve the sound absorption and insulation effects through airgel, and if contained in excess of 50 parts by weight, spinning workability may be adversely affected, such as clogging of the spinning nozzle. The weaving properties may be poor, such as thread breakage, or the mechanical strength of the implemented first fiber web may be low, resulting in poor durability. In addition, airgel particles can easily fall off in the first fiber web state, so it may be difficult to develop sound absorption and insulation performance stably over a long period of time.

The first fiber 11 electrospun through the above-described spinning solution may have a diameter of 1㎛ or less, preferably 200 to 500㎚, and thereby achieve sound absorption and insulation performance while ensuring spinning properties even if it contains airgel. It is advantageous to At this time, the diameter of the first fiber 11 refers to the diameter based on the circumference of the fiber portion 11b excluding the protruding airgel particles without considering the size of the airgel particles protruding outward from the fiber cross section.

In addition, the first fiber web 10 formed through the spun first fiber 11 may have a thickness of 5 to 100 ㎛, more preferably 5 to 50 ㎛, and a basis weight of, for example, 10 to 200 g/㎡. , more preferably 10 to 100 g/m2, which may be more advantageous in achieving the purpose of the present invention.

Meanwhile, the first fiber web 10 may be formed by an aggregate of first fibers 11 accumulated on a predetermined collector through a calendaring process. Alternatively, it should be noted that the first fiber web 10 may be implemented by electrospinning directly on the third fiber web 30, which will be described later.

Next, the second fiber web 20 functions as a support for the first fiber web 10 and as a member for sound absorption and insulation. The second fiber web 20 can be used without limitation in the case of non-woven fabric known in the art as a sound absorbing material or insulating material. For example, it may be a meltblown nonwoven fabric, a spunbond nonwoven fabric, or an airlaid nonwoven fabric, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, the second fibers 21 constituting the second fiber web 20 may have an average diameter of 5 to 30 ㎛, more preferably 10 to 25 ㎛. In addition, the thickness of the second fiber web 20 may be 3 to 40 mm, more preferably 3 to 20 mm, and the basis weight may be 35 to 80 g/m2, through which the desired sound absorption and insulation performance is achieved. It can be advantageous to do so.

In addition, the second fiber web 20 may have, for example, an average pore diameter of 20 to 100 μm and a porosity of 50 to 90%, but is not limited thereto.

Next, in step (2) according to the present invention, the step of laminating the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 by applying heat and pressure is performed.

As an example, in step (2), a heat-adhesive resin is provided between the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20, and the heat-adhesive resin is melted and solidified to form a fusion portion (A). The first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 may be laminated.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat-adhesive resin is included in the third fiber web 30, and the third fiber web 30 is composed of the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web ( 20) After being placed in between, heat and pressure may be applied.

The third fiber web 30 contains a heat-adhesive resin as an adhesive member to integrate the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 through molten heat-adhesive resin, and is a typical hot melt. The adhesive member, commonly referred to as a web, can be used without limitation. The third fiber web web, for example, may be composed of fibers in which the third fiber is made of heat-adhesive resin alone, or may be composed of fibers made of heat-adhesive resin alone and different types of fibers that perform a support function, or may have a support function within the fiber. It may be composed of a composite fiber including a non-heat-adhesive resin portion that performs and a heat-adhesive resin portion that is at least partially exposed to the surface.

In addition, the heat-adhesive resin contained in the third fiber forming the third fiber web 30 is melted by the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 by applied heat or ultrasonic waves. To prevent damage, for example, it may have a melting point that is 50°C or more lower than the melting points of the first fiber 11 and the second fiber 21. In addition, the heat-adhesive resin can be used without limitation in the case of known resins commonly referred to as low melting point resins, and non-limiting examples include ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer, polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, and rubber-based resin. It may include one or more types selected from the group consisting of resins.

In addition, there may be a large difference in diameter between the first fibers 11 constituting the above-described first fiber web 10 and the second fibers 21 constituting the second fiber web 20. In this case, the first fiber Because the contact area between fibers at the interface between the web and the second fiber web is not large, it may be difficult to obtain high bonding strength. Accordingly, the third fibers constituting the third fiber web 30 preferably have a diameter larger than the first fiber 11 and smaller than the second fiber 21. It may be advantageous to further increase the adhesion strength at the interface of the fiber web 30 and the interface between the second fiber web 20 and the third fiber web 30.

In addition, due to the pressure applied in step (2), the heat-adhesive resin melted from the third fiber web 30 flows into the first fiber web 10 and the surface pores of the second fiber web, thereby forming the first fiber web. (10) and a fused portion (A) in which the heat-adhesive resin penetrates and solidifies from the surface of the second fiber web 20 to a predetermined thickness may be formed.

The heat applied at this time may be applied at a temperature that is 5°C or more higher than the melting point of the heat-adhesive resin, but is not limited thereto, and may be changed considering the degree of pressure applied, the thickness of the third fiber web, etc.

In addition, Figures 1 and 2 show that the third fiber web 30 is all melted by the heat and pressure applied to the calender roll, but unlike Figures 1 and 2, after applying heat and pressure, the first fiber web ( 10) and the second fiber web 20, there may be a portion of the fiber web in which the third fiber web 30 is not melted to a predetermined thickness.

Alternatively, unlike what is shown in FIG. 1, the heat-adhesive resin may be contained in the fibers constituting the second fiber web 20, or as a component in the fibers, and through this, the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber They may be laminated while forming a fusion zone at the interface between the webs 20.

Meanwhile, the fusion portion (A) penetrates and solidifies to a predetermined depth from the surface of each fiber web without blocking the pores located at the adjacent interface between the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20. However, since the pores of the first fiber web 10 are very small compared to the second fiber web 20, the fused portion that flows into the first fiber web 10 and solidifies the first fiber web (20) corresponding to that part. 10) Most of the pores within the part may be blocked, and in this case, insulation and sound absorption performance may be reduced.

Accordingly, the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a first fiber web 12 provided as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A to 5C with a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber. A first fiber (13) having a side-by-side cross section in which a heat-sealable portion (13c) formed of a heat-resistant resin and a fiber portion (13b) formed of a polymer resin having a higher melting point than the heat-sealable resin are disposed adjacent to each other. ) can be formed.

The first fiber web 12, which is composed of first fibers 13 in which the thermally bonded portion 13c and the fiber portion 13b have a side-by-side cross section, has the first fiber 13 as shown in FIG. 6A. It can be fused (A) at the interface formed with the second fiber 21 in the laminated second fiber web 20, so it does not affect the pores of each of the first fiber web 12 and the second fiber web 20. There is an advantage in that it can be heat bonded without using any adhesive. However, as shown in Figure 6b, when the heterogeneous hot melt member 400 is contained, the first fiber web 10 formed of the first fiber 11 and the second fiber web 20 formed of the second fiber 21 ) can cause changes in everyone’s pores.

Preferably, the area of the heat-bonded portion (13c) in the cross-section of the first fiber 13 may be less than 50% of the cross-sectional area, and if the area of the heat-bonded portion (13c) exceeds 50%, the second fiber web (20) ), pore clogging may occur during the heat bonding process, and in this case, physical properties such as heat insulation and sound absorption are deteriorated, and there is a risk of not having a uniform pore structure distribution. More preferably, the area of the heat bonded portion 13c may be 10 to 30% of the cross-sectional area, and through this, the adhesive performance can be greatly improved through line contact with the second fiber 21 of the second fiber web 20. You can. However, if the thermal bonding portion 13c is contained in less than 10%, it is undesirable because there is a risk that thermal bonding performance may be greatly reduced.

In addition, the thermally bonded portion 13c can be electrospun and can use a thermally adhesive resin with a low melting point, for example, low melting point (oligomer) polyurethane, polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl fluoride (PVDF), poly It may include any one or more of vinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polycarbonate (PC), low melting point polyethersulfone, and polyvinylbutyral.

In addition, the airgel particles 13a contained in the first fiber 13 may be included in the fiber portion 13b such that a portion of the airgel particles 13a is exposed to the fiber surface as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C.

On the other hand, the first fiber 13, in which the thermally bonded portion 13c and the fiber portion 13b have a side-by-side cross-sectional structure, can be obtained through electrospinning, and the thermally adhesive resin is applied to the end of the discharge port of the spinning nozzle. The fiber-forming resin may be formed by being transferred and discharged to a spinning nozzle through different structurally separated passages so that different spinning solutions dissolved therein are not mixed, and the spinning nozzle may have a Y-shaped cross-section, for example.

Meanwhile, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first fiber web 12 containing the above-described heat-adhesive resin is attached to the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 as a third fiber web. It can be used as an adhesive member to

7 and 8, the third fiber web 40 provided on the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric 102 has a heat-adhesive portion 41c formed of heat-adhesive resin in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber. and a third fiber 41, which is a heat-adhesive composite fiber having a side-by-side cross-section, arranged adjacent to a fiber portion 41b formed of a polymer resin having a higher melting point than the heat-adhesive resin. .

At this time, the third fiber 41 is 1.5㎛ or less in order to achieve improved bonding strength between the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 and to prevent pore changes even when the heat bonded portion 41c is melted. It may have a diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the first fiber 11. If the diameter of the third fiber 41 exceeds 1.5㎛, it may be difficult to achieve the above-described effect. Meanwhile, the diameter of a fiber having a side-by-side cross-section is defined as the diameter of the longest line segment among the line segments crossing the fiber cross-section.

In addition, the fiber portion 41b of the third fiber 41 may further include airgel particles 41a to achieve improved insulation and sound absorption performance, and the airgel particles 41a may be added to the third fiber 41. ) Airgel particles may be further included in an amount of 3% by weight or more based on the weight of the fiber portion (41b).

In addition, the area of the heat bonded portion (41c) in the cross section of the third fiber 41 may be 50% or less of the cross section area, more preferably 10 to 30% of the cross section area, and through this, the fused portion (A) Even when formed, it can be advantageous to attach the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 without changing the pore structure of the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20. .

The sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric (100, 101, 102) according to an embodiment of the present invention described above is a first fiber web (10) containing first fibers (11, 13) with a diameter of 1 μm or less and including airgel particles (11a, 13a). , 12), a second fiber web including second fibers (21) with a larger diameter than the first fibers (11, 13), and an interface between the first fiber web (10) and the second fiber web (20) It includes a fusion portion (A) that is bonded at.

In addition, the airgel particles (11a, 13a) may be provided in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight in the first fibers (11, 13). In addition, the diameters of the airgel particles (11a, 13a) and the diameters of the first fibers (11, 13) may have a diameter ratio of 1: 3.5 to 50, and through this, the airgel particles have increased sound absorption and insulation performance. It is advantageous to minimize or prevent a decrease in the mechanical strength of the first fibers (11, 13) due to (11a, 13a), and spinning performance and spinning workability can also be improved.

At this time, the fusion portion (A) may be made of heat-adhesive resin. As an example, the heat-adhesive resin is included as a component of the second fiber 21 in the second fiber web 20, or through a heterogeneous fiber containing a heat-adhesive resin in the second fiber web 20. It can be provided.

Alternatively, the heat-adhesive resin may be included as a component of the first fiber 13 in the first fiber web 12. Alternatively, the heat-adhesive resin may be provided as a third fiber web, which is a separate hot melt web, and placed between the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 and melted/solidified. Alternatively, the heat-adhesive resin is composed of a third fiber web, which is a hot melt web, and the third fiber web 40 includes third fibers 41, which are side-by-side heat-adhesive composite fibers with a diameter of 1.5 ㎛ or less. As it is formed by forming a fused portion, the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20 can be joined with excellent adhesion strength without blocking the pores of the first fiber web 10 and the second fiber web 20.

In addition, the present invention can be implemented as an interior and exterior material for automobiles using the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to the present invention. The interior and exterior materials for automobiles may be used, for example, for interior materials such as flow carpets, trunk mats, and dashboards, or as undercovers to protect the lower parts of automobiles, such as engines and transmissions, but are not limited thereto, and are not limited to these, and are not limited to these. It should be noted that it can be applied to interior and exterior materials.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric can be applied to the interior and exterior materials for automobiles so that the first fiber webs (10, 12) of the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric (100, 101, 102) are located toward the light source, heat source, or sound wave source. And, even when installed in a car, it is preferable that the first fiber web side is installed toward the light source, heat source, or sound wave generating source.

The present invention will be described in more detail through the following examples, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention, and should be interpreted to aid understanding of the present invention.

<Example 1>

To prepare the first fiber web, PVDF (Kynar 761, Akema) was used as a fiber forming resin, and airgel particles were SiO ₂ particles with a hollow structure with an average diameter of 70 nm and a specific surface area of 400 m2/g. In addition, the SiO ₂ content was set to 10 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of PVDF polymer resin, and a mixed solvent of DMAc/Acetone (90/10 vol.%) was used as a solvent so that the concentration of PVDF polymer resin was 15% by weight. A spinning solution was prepared. The prepared spinning solution was transferred to a spinning nozzle pack using a metering pump, with a discharge rate of 0.05 cc/ghole per minute, an applied voltage of 20 kV, a distance between the spinning nozzle and the current collector of 20 cm, a spinning temperature of 30°C, and a relative humidity of 60%. Electrospinning was performed in an atmosphere. The aggregate of first fibers containing airgel particles obtained by electrospinning was passed through a calender roll preheated to 150°C to obtain a first fiber web as shown in FIG. 9 with an average diameter of about 300 nm.

In addition, after preparing a second fiber web formed of a second fiber, which is a PET fiber with a diameter of 10 to 25㎛ and having a thickness of 200㎛, a hot melt web with a thickness of 50㎛ is formed between the first fiber web and the second fiber web. A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric as shown in Figure 10 was manufactured by interposing a three-fiber web and heat-sealing it at a temperature of 150°C.

<Example 2>

Manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the content of airgel particles contained in the first fiber web was changed to 1 part by weight to obtain a first fiber containing first fibers with an average diameter of about 300 nm as shown in Figure 11. A web was manufactured, and through this, a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured.

<Experimental Example 1>

Scanning electron micrographs were taken for the first fiber web prepared according to Example 1 and Example 2, and the results are shown in Figures 9 and 11, respectively. In addition, scanning electron micrographs were taken of the cross-section of the sound-absorbing and composite fabric manufactured according to Example 1, and the results are shown in Figure 10.

As can be seen from Figures 9 and 11, Example 1 contained 10 times more airgel particles than Example 2, but no change in fiber diameter was observed.

Meanwhile, as can be seen from Figure 10, the third fiber web can be expected to have melted and penetrated through the pores in the surfaces of the first fiber web and the second fiber web, and in particular, the pores of the second fiber web have been blocked. You can check that.

<Example 3>

A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the airgel particle content was changed to 3 parts by weight, and the first fiber web was manufactured to a thickness of 20㎛.

<Comparative Example 1>

A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the first fiber web was manufactured without containing airgel.

<Comparative Example 2>

A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the second fiber of the second fiber web was changed to contain the same airgel particles.

<Comparative Example 3>

Manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, but without containing airgel particles during the production of the first fiber web, a coating composition containing an acrylic binder and the same content of airgel particles was treated and dried on the prepared first fiber web. A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured using a one-fiber web.

<Experimental Example 2>

1. Reflectance evaluation

The reflectance of the sound-absorbing and insulating fabric prepared in Example 3 in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions was analyzed using Vis-NIR spectroscopy (Cary 5000 UV-Vis-NIR, US).

At this time, the surface on which light is incident was analyzed by dividing it into the case of the first fiber web (Example 3-1) and the case of the second fiber web (Example 3-2). The results are shown in Figure 12, and the visible light The reflectance in the region and near-infrared region is shown in Table 1 below.

In addition, the same reflectance analysis was performed on the sound-absorbing and insulating fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Airgel particles / attachment method Average reflectance (%) Vis (380~780nm) NIR (780~2500nm) Example 3-1
(Joined at 1st Fiber Web) First fiber web / spinning 95.53 85.57 Example 3-2
(Joined at 2nd Fiber Web) 89.37 78.43 Comparative Example 1
(Joined at 1st Fiber Web) Not included 85.34 76.85 Comparative Example 2 (second fiber web side entry) Second fiber web / spinning 90.16 79.58 Comparative Example 3 (injection from the first fiber web side) First fiber web / coating 92.42 80.41

As can be seen from Figure 12 and Table 1,

In Example 3-1 and Example 3-2, when the first fiber web is positioned as the light incident surface, the reflectance in the visible and near-infrared regions is higher than when the second fiber web is positioned as the light incident surface. You can see that you have it. These results are believed to be the result of the first fiber web containing airgel particles strengthening the scattering and reflection of light.

In addition, in the case of Comparative Example 1, which did not contain airgel particles in the first fiber web, the reflectance was significantly reduced compared to Example 3-1, and through this, it is expected that the heat insulation effect due to light will be poor.

In addition, even in the case of containing airgel particles, when provided on the second fiber web side, the improvement in reflectance compared to Example 3-2 was minimal compared to Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 1, which is because airgel particles are contained. It can be seen that the fiber diameter of the fiber web and the resulting surface morphology affect the reflectance, and there is a synergistic effect in the combination of the first fiber web and the airgel particles.

On the other hand, even when airgel particles were provided on the first fiber web side, in the case of Comparative Example 3 provided through coating, the reflectance was not good compared to Example 3-1, which was because the pores on the surface of the first fiber web were blocked through coating. and is expected to result in a flattened result.

2. Insulation performance evaluation

In order to evaluate the thermal insulation performance, an IR lamp was installed in a chamber equipped with a temperature sensor at the bottom of the sample, as shown in Figure 13, and the heat blocking ability was evaluated. The IR lamp was made by Iwasaki (500W, Japan), and the infrared blocking rate was evaluated by measuring at 20°C for 2,000 seconds and then turning off the power.

At this time, the specimen was the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to Example 3, and the case where the first fiber web was mounted toward the IR lamp (Example 3-1) and the second fiber web was mounted toward the IR lamp After the experiment was divided into cases (Example 3-2), the results are shown in Table 2 below.

Example 3-1 Example 3-2 Comparative example 4
(Blank) Temperature (T1, ℃) 2000 seconds after turning on the IR lamp 48.5 49.3 52.6 Temperature (T2, ℃) 2000 seconds after turning off the IR lamp 31.9 31.2 30.9 Temperature difference (T1-T2, ℃) 16.6 18.1 21.7

As can be seen from Table 2,

Example 3-1, in which the heat source was disposed on the first fiber web side, suppressed the increase in temperature on the side opposite to the heat source due to the heat source compared to Example 3-2 and Comparative Example 4,

Even when the temperature on the opposite side of the heat source changes after removal of the heat source, Example 3-1, in which the heat source was placed on the first fiber web side, measured lower than Example 3-2 and Comparative Example 4, so the same sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was used. In this case, it can be seen that excellent insulation performance can be achieved when the first fiber web is located on the heat source side.

3. Sound absorption performance evaluation

The sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric according to Examples 2 and 3, the first fiber web alone (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Example 5), and the second fiber web alone (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Example 6) in Example 3. The sound absorption performance of the fabric was evaluated. At this time, in Example 3, the case where the first fiber web was arranged toward the noise source was set as Example 3-1, and the case where the second fiber web was placed toward the noise source was set as Example 3-2 to evaluate the sound absorption performance. did. Specifically, the sound absorption performance was evaluated as a sound absorption coefficient (α), and the sound absorption performance evaluation method was measured by the impedance tube method of ASTM E 1050, and the results are shown in Figure 14 below.

As can be seen through Figure 14,

It can be seen that Example 3-1 exhibits excellent sound absorption performance compared to Example 3-2 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6.

In addition, in the case of Example 2 containing 1 part by weight of airgel particles, it can be seen that the sound absorption performance was measured to be lower compared to Example 3-1 containing 3 parts by weight of airgel particles.

<Example 4>

Manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was made by electrospinning the third fiber web to become a third fiber with a side-by-side cross-section manufactured as follows. manufactured.

Specifically, a first spinning solution for forming the fiber part and a second spinning solution for forming a heat bonding part were prepared. The first spinning solution was the same as the spinning solution in Example 3. In addition, the second spinning solution is a heat-adhesive resin that is made by mixing polyvinyl butyral (PVB), which has a melting point about 100°C lower than PVDF, in a mixed solvent of DMAc (dimethylacetamide)/Acetone (mixing ratio of 80:20 in weight percent). It was prepared by dissolving to 15% by weight of the total weight.

The prepared first spinning liquid and second spinning liquid are transferred to the spinning nozzle pack, and using a metering pump through different first and second passages within the spinning nozzle, each discharge amount is 0.05 cc/ghole per minute and the applied voltage is 20 kV. , Electrospinning was performed in a spinning atmosphere with a distance of 20cm between the spinning nozzle tip and the current collector, a temperature of 30℃, and a relative humidity of 60%, so that the average diameter was about 500㎚ and the area of the support portion and heat bonding portion was 50:50. A tertiary fiber web formed from tertiary fibers of bi-side cross-section was prepared.

Afterwards, the third fiber web was interposed between the first fiber web and the second fiber web and then moved between the first fiber web and the second fiber web through a roller heated to 120°C, which is the range between the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of PVB. By lamination, a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured.

<Example 5>

Manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4, except that when manufacturing the first fiber web, the supply speed of the first spinning solution and the second spinning solution was adjusted to a ratio of 1:2 to produce a side-by-side with an area of about 67% of the heat bonded area. -A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured through the first fiber web implemented with the first fiber having a side cross-section.

<Examples 6 to 10>

Manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the supply speed of the first spinning liquid and the second spinning liquid was adjusted to have a side-by-side cross section having the area of the heat bonded area or the third fiber diameter as shown in Table 3 below. A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric was manufactured through a tertiary fiber web implemented with tertiary fiber.

<Experimental Example 3>

The following physical properties were evaluated for the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabrics according to Examples 4 to 10, and are shown in Table 3 below.

1. Mechanical strength

Mechanical strength is based on ASTM D882-95a for the first fiber web obtained by applying heat and pressure to the first fiber web used in the production of the composite fabric according to Examples 4 to 8 under the same temperature conditions as the lamination conditions. It was measured by a tensile tester, and the area of the specimen was evaluated with a width of 0.5 cm, a gauge length of 6.0 cm, and a cross-head speed of 10 mm/min. In addition, regarding the evaluation results, the measured values of Example 4 were set as 100, and the measured values of the remaining examples were expressed as relative percentages.

2. Permeability fluctuation rate

In order to check the porosity variation rate of the composite fabric due to thermal fusion, the air permeability (initial air permeability) was measured with an air permeability meter (MODEL FX-3300, TEXTEST), and then the specimens for each example were subjected to heat at 120°C twice. After applying the pressure again, the air permeability (final air permeability) was measured again under the same pressure conditions, and the rate of change in air permeability was calculated according to the formula below. It can be evaluated that the greater the rate of change in air permeability, the greater the pore change due to heat fusion.

[ceremony]

Air permeability change rate (%) = [(initial air permeability (ccs) - final air permeability (ccs))/initial air permeability (ccs))] × 100

Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example
9 Example 10 Third fiber cross-sectional shape Side-by-side composite fiber Third fiber diameter (㎛) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.0 Heat bonded area in tertiary fiber (%) 50 67 5 11 30 50 50 primary fiber
Mechanical strength (%) 100 105.0 70.9 88.4 96.7 Not performed Composite fabric
Air permeability change rate (%) 16.3 49.7 0.5 1.1 4.0 18.1 26.8

As can be seen in Table 3,

Even in the case of a third fiber web formed of third fiber, which is a heat-sealable composite fiber with a side-by-side cross-sectional structure, there is a difference in mechanical strength and rate of change in air permeability in the laminated composite fabric depending on the area of the heat seal within the third fiber. It can be confirmed that, compared to Examples 5 and 6, the composite fabrics according to Examples 4, 7, and 8 can simultaneously achieve excellent mechanical strength and a low pore fluctuation rate, and according to the low pore fluctuation rate, the initially designed sound absorption and insulation It can be expected that the characteristics can be fully demonstrated.

In addition, even in the case of a fiber web formed of heat-sealable composite fibers with a side-by-side cross-sectional structure, in Examples 1 and 9 where the diameter of the third fiber is 1.5㎛, there is little change in air permeability due to heat fusion. In the case of Example 10 in which the diameter of the third fiber exceeds 1.5 μm, it can be expected that the change in air permeability is large and the sound absorption and insulation properties may be reduced accordingly.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment presented in the present specification, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention can add components within the scope of the same spirit. , other embodiments can be easily proposed by change, deletion, addition, etc., but this will also be said to be within the scope of the present invention.

100,101,102: Sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric
10,12: 1st fiber web 20: 2nd fiber web
30,40: Third fiber web 11,13: First fiber
21: second fiber 41: third fiber
11a, 13a, 41a: airgel particles

Claims (18)

(1) preparing a first fiber web including first fibers with a diameter of 1 μm or less and a second fiber web including second fibers with a diameter larger than the first fibers and including airgel particles; and
(2) applying heat and pressure to laminate the first fiber web and the second fiber web; a method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric including a step. According to paragraph 1,
A method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric in which the airgel particles are provided in an amount of 3 to 50% by weight in the first fiber. According to paragraph 1,
A method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric wherein the diameter of the airgel particles and the diameter of the first fiber have a diameter ratio of 1: 3.5 to 50. According to paragraph 1,
In the second fiber web, the second fibers have an average diameter of 5 to 30 ㎛, and the thickness of the second fiber web is 0.2 to 40 mm. According to paragraph 1,
Step (2) is a method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric performed after placing a third fiber web containing a heat-adhesive resin between the first fiber web and the second fiber web. According to paragraph 1,
The first fiber has a side-by-side cross section in which a fiber portion in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber and a heat bonding portion having a lower melting point than the fiber portion are disposed adjacent to each other, and the airgel particles are sound-absorbing included in the fiber portion. and a method of manufacturing an insulating composite fabric. According to clause 5,
The third fiber web includes third fibers having a diameter of 1.5 ㎛ or less but the same or larger than the diameter of the first fibers,
The third fiber is a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric that is a heat-adhesive composite fiber having a side-by-side cross section in which a fiber portion in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber and a heat bonding portion with a lower melting point than the fiber portion are arranged adjacent to each other. Manufacturing method. In clause 7,
A method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric, wherein the fiber portion further includes airgel particles in an amount of 3% by weight or more based on the weight of the fiber portion. According to clause 6 or 7,
A method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric in which the area of the heat bonded portion in the side-by-side cross section occupies less than 50% of the cross-sectional area. According to clause 9,
A method of manufacturing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric in which the area of the thermally bonded portion occupies 10 to 30% of the cross-sectional area. A first fiber web including first fibers with a diameter of 1㎛ or less and including airgel particles;
a second fiber web including second fibers with a larger diameter than the first fibers; and
A sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric comprising a fusion portion located at the interface between the first fiber web and the second fiber web and bonding the first fiber web and the second fiber web. According to clause 11,
The airgel particles are a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric provided in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight in the first fiber. According to clause 11,
A sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric where the diameter of the airgel particles and the diameter of the first fiber have a diameter ratio of 1:10 to 1:50. According to clause 11,
A third fiber web is disposed adjacent to a fiber portion in the cross-section and a heat bonding portion having a lower melting point than the fiber portion, and includes a third fiber that is a side-by-side heat-sealable composite fiber with a diameter of 1.5 ㎛ or less. It is placed between the fiber web and the second fiber web,
The fused portion is a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric formed by fusion between each of the first and second fibers located at the interface and a heat bonded portion within the third fiber. According to clause 14,
The fiber portion is a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric further comprising airgel particles in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the fiber portion. According to clause 11,
The first fiber has a side-by-side cross section in which a fiber portion and a heat bonding portion having a lower melting point than the fiber portion are arranged adjacent to each other, and the airgel particles are included in the fiber portion,
The fusion portion is a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric formed by fusion between the heat bonding portion and the second fiber. An interior and exterior material for automobiles comprising the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating composite fabric according to any one of claims 11 to 16. According to clause 17,
An interior and exterior material for an automobile provided with a sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric so that the first fiber web of the sound-absorbing and insulating composite fabric is located toward a light source, heat source, or sound wave source.

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