KR20240043236A - Transceiver capable of coupling between optical waveguide based on semiconductor and free space steered beam - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to propose an optical transceiver device which transmits and receives light more efficiently than a conventional method of transmitting and receiving light using an optical fiber by utilizing the characteristics of an optical grid structure and an optical system. The present invention relates to an optical transceiver device which couples a collimated beam of a free space with a single optical waveguide, the optical transceiver device comprising: an optical system which focuses the collimated beam of the free space; an optical coupler array comprising a plurality of optical couplers which receive the focused beam and transmit the beam to each optical waveguide; and an optical splitter which couples the beam transmitted through each optical waveguide of the plurality of optical couplers with the single optical waveguide. The present invention has the effect of achieving a technical effect of increasing light receiving efficiency and also increasing the light receiving angle.

Description

Optical transceiver device combining a collimated beam in free space and a guided beam of a semiconductor-based optical waveguide {TRANSCEIVER CAPABLE OF COUPLING BETWEEN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE BASED ON SEMICONDUCTOR AND FREE SPACE STEERED BEAM}

The description below is a technology related to an optical transmission and reception device that combines a waveguided beam guided by an optical waveguide formed on a silicon-based chip and a collimated beam that is steered and travels in a certain direction in free space.

A technology that combines a waveguide beam guided by an optical waveguide formed on a silicon-based chip and a collimated beam that is steered and travels in a certain direction in free space is a large-area collimated beam that travels in a specific direction in free space formed on an optical chip. It is based on optical technology that transmits an optical waveguide through an optical antenna or projects a radiation beam emitted by an optical antenna into free space as a collimated beam in a specific direction.

In the related art, an optical fiber array was used as a means of connecting a lens (or mirror) in free space and a waveguide of an optical chip. For example, when a collimated beam radiating in free space is guided by an optical waveguide, the conventional technology places an optical fiber array composed of multiple optical fibers at the focal plane of an optical system (e.g., a lens or mirror) to collimate in various directions. The resulting beam was connected to an optical fiber waveguide, and the optical fibers that make up this array were directly connected to the waveguide of the chip. Conversely, when a beam waveguided in an optical waveguide is radiated into free space, the conventional technology transmits the beam generated in the optical chip to an optical fiber connected to a specific optical waveguide to radiate an optical system (e.g., a lens or mirror) in a certain direction from the focal plane. ) to form a collimated beam in a given direction.

This conventional technology requires optical technology to adjust a beam in free space and packaging technology to connect an optical system and an optical chip using an optical fiber array.

Accordingly, in the following embodiment, it is not based on packaging technology using an optical fiber array, but is formed on the surface of an optical chip including an optical waveguide to diverge the beam into free space or converge the beam from free space and couple it to the optical waveguide. Shiki discloses an optical transmitting and receiving device utilizing optical antenna technology.

The optical antenna technology used by the optical transmitting and receiving device described in the following embodiments is a method of connecting the waveguide of an optical chip and a beam in free space, using the cross section of the waveguide as an aperture in free space, and a method of using the waveguide through which the beam travels. It may include an optical grid antenna method that creates a grid on the surface and uses diffraction of the beam as an aperture in free space. The optical grating antenna method combines a beam in free space with a waveguide by creating a diffraction grating on the surface of the waveguide. By adjusting the grating spacing of the diffraction grating, it creates a divergent beam that diverges in a specific direction or combines a converging beam incident from a specific direction with the waveguide. There are features that allow you to do this.

In addition, the optical transmitting and receiving device described in the following embodiments is configured to match a large-area collimated beam that is collimated and travels in a certain direction in free space with a waveguide beam formed in an optical waveguide in a narrow-area optical chip. Optical technology that can change the direction, intensity, and phase distribution can be utilized. In optical technology that converts the direction, intensity, and phase distribution of a beam, a lens that transmits the beam and adjusts the phase and intensity for each path and a mirror that converts the path of the beam using reflection can be used.

Embodiments propose a structure and method for efficiently coupling light in free space directly to an optical waveguide by expanding the angle of a collimated beam, and a structure and method for efficiently coupling a waveguide beam of an optical waveguide to free space.

More specifically, embodiments propose an optical transmission and reception device that uses the characteristics of an optical grid structure and an optical system to transmit and receive light more efficiently than a method of transmitting and receiving light using a conventional optical fiber.

In addition, embodiments propose an optical transmission and reception device that requires little electrical operation and improves transmission and reception efficiency by using an optical system, compared to methods that require large power consumption and cause large losses in reception operations, such as the conventional optical phased array method. do.

Additionally, embodiments propose an optical transmission and reception device based on a highly integrated and low-power silicon optical lattice structure capable of high integration and mass production.

However, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above problems, and may be expanded in various ways without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention.

According to one embodiment, an optical transmitting and receiving device for coupling a collimated beam in free space to a single optical waveguide includes: an optical system for condensing the collimated beam in free space; an optical coupler array composed of a plurality of optical couplers that receive the condensed beam and transmit it to each optical waveguide; and an optical splitter that couples beams transmitted through optical waveguides of each of the plurality of optical couplers to the single optical waveguide.

According to one side, the optical system and the plurality of optical couplers have a numerical aperture of the optical system - the numerical aperture of the optical system is determined based on the radius and focus of the optical system - and an optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers. The numerical aperture - the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure is determined based on the width of the optical grating structure, the divergence or convergence angle, and the wavelength of the divergence or convergence beam - may be designed to be the same.

According to another aspect, each of the plurality of optical couplers may be implemented as an optical lattice structure, and the optical waveguide of each of the plurality of optical couplers may be implemented as a planar optical waveguide structure.

According to another aspect, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers may be designed to have a grating period and an effective refractive index determined based on the wavelength of the beam to be diverged or converged.

According to another aspect, the position of the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers may be determined based on the transmission and reception angle of the beam passing through the optical system.

According to another aspect, the optical coupler array may be characterized in that the plurality of optical couplers are arranged in two or three dimensions so that beams can be transmitted and received at all angles.

According to one embodiment, a method of operating an optical transceiver device including an optical system, an optical coupler array, and an optical splitter to couple a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide includes: concentrating the collimated beam in free space in the optical system; steps; Receiving the concentrated beam from a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array and transmitting the collected beam to each optical waveguide; and, in the optical distributor, coupling a beam transmitted through an optical waveguide of each of the plurality of optical couplers to the single optical waveguide.

According to one embodiment, an optical transmitting and receiving device for coupling a guided beam of a single optical waveguide to a collimated beam in free space includes: an optical splitter that distributes the guided beam of the single optical waveguide to each optical waveguide of a plurality of optical couplers; an optical coupler array composed of a plurality of optical couplers that radiate beams transmitted through optical waveguides of each of the plurality of optical couplers; And it may include an optical system that couples beams radiating from the plurality of optical couplers to the collimated beam in the free space.

According to one side, the optical system and the plurality of optical couplers have a numerical aperture of the optical system - the numerical aperture of the optical system is determined based on the radius and focus of the optical system - and an optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers. The numerical aperture - the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure is determined based on the width of the optical grating structure, the divergence or convergence angle, and the wavelength of the divergence or convergence beam - may be designed to be the same.

According to one embodiment, a method of operating an optical transceiver including an optical splitter, an optical coupler array, and an optical system to couple a guided beam of a single optical waveguide to a collimated beam in free space, comprising: in the optical splitter, the single optical waveguide distributing a waveguide beam to optical waveguides of each of a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array; Radiating a beam transmitted through each optical waveguide from a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array; and, in the optical system, combining beams radiating from the plurality of optical couplers to a collimated beam in the free space.

Embodiments may propose a structure and method for efficiently coupling light in free space directly to an optical waveguide by expanding the angle of a collimated beam, and a structure and method for efficiently coupling a waveguide beam of an optical waveguide to free space.

Therefore, in some embodiments, unlike the conventional free space beam combining method, a wide range of light in free space can be directly coupled to the optical waveguide on the semiconductor chip, thereby achieving the technical effect of increasing light reception efficiency and also increasing the light reception angle. can do.

Accordingly, embodiments may propose a new FMCW lidar light receiving structure that directly combines a wide range of light in free space onto a semiconductor chip to amplify the light for other applications within the chip.

In addition, embodiments propose an optical transmitting and receiving device that is helpful for optical wireless communication by directly combining data transmitted through light in free space to a semiconductor chip and processing it according to the user's preference on the semiconductor chip. You can.

More specifically, embodiments may propose an optical transmitting and receiving device that transmits and receives light more efficiently than a conventional method of transmitting and receiving light using an optical fiber by using the characteristics of an optical lattice structure and an optical system.

In particular, one embodiment can increase the light receiving efficiency by using a lens in the ratio of the size of the lens to the size of the optical grating, and thus propose an optical transmitting and receiving device that increases the light receiving efficiency hundreds of times.

Additionally, embodiments may propose an optical transmitting and receiving device capable of receiving light coming from all angles using a two-dimensional optical grid array.

In addition, embodiments propose an optical transmission and reception device that requires little electrical operation and improves transmission and reception efficiency by using an optical system, compared to methods that require large power consumption and cause large losses in reception operations, such as the conventional optical phased array method. can do.

Additionally, embodiments may propose an optical transmission/reception device based on a highly integrated and low-power silicon optical lattice structure capable of high integration and mass production.

However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects and can be expanded in various ways without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating components constituting an optical transmission/reception device according to an embodiment.
2A and 2B are diagrams to explain a structure in which an optical transmission and reception device uses a lens as an optical system, according to an embodiment.
3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining conditions of an optical grid structure for combining light in free space according to an embodiment.
4A to 4B are diagrams for explaining operating methods and conditions of an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram to explain the structure and principle of an optical transmitting and receiving device using a mirror as an optical system according to an embodiment.
6A to 6B are flow charts showing a method of operating an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating simulation results and experimental results verifying the operational performance of an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention is not limited or limited by the examples. Additionally, the same reference numerals in each drawing indicate the same members.

Additionally, terminologies used in this specification are terms used to appropriately express preferred embodiments of the present invention, and may vary depending on the intention of the viewer, operator, or customs in the field to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the content throughout this specification. For example, in this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. Additionally, as used herein, “comprises” and/or “comprising” refers to a referenced component, step, operation, and/or element that includes one or more other components, steps, operations, and/or elements. It does not exclude the presence or addition of elements.

Additionally, it should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different from one another but are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, specific shapes, structures and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention with respect to one embodiment. Additionally, it should be understood that the location, arrangement, or configuration of individual components in each presented embodiment category may be changed without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the following embodiments, by using the characteristics of the optical lattice structure and the optical system, the angle of the collimated beam is expanded to efficiently couple light in free space directly to an optical waveguide, or to efficiently couple the waveguide beam of the optical waveguide to free space. An optical transmitting and receiving device is described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating components constituting an optical transmission and reception device according to an embodiment, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining a structure in which an optical transmission and reception device according to an embodiment uses a lens as an optical system. More specifically, FIG. 2A is a front view showing an optical transmitting and receiving device using a lens as an optical system, and FIG. 2B is a plan view showing an optical transmitting and receiving device using a lens as an optical system.

Referring to the drawings, the optical transmitting and receiving device includes an optical system 100, an optical coupler array 200 composed of a plurality of optical couplers 210, and an optical distributor 300, and transmits a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide. 400, or conversely, the guided beam of the single optical waveguide 400 can be coupled to the collimated beam in free space.

The optical transmitting and receiving device including these components includes semiconductor substrates such as silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), silicon-on-insulator, and germanium-on-insulator. ) may be formed on the substrate, but is not limited or limited thereto.

Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the components of the optical transmission and reception device (optical system 100, optical coupler array 200, optical distributor 300) combine the collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400. A case where the guide beam of the single optical waveguide 400 is combined with a collimated beam in free space will be described in detail.

When combining a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400, the optical system 100 of the optical transceiver device can focus the collimated beam in free space. For example, the optical system 100 may be implemented with a lens, mirror prism, etc. to focus a collimated beam in free space radiated at an arbitrary angle. When the optical system 100 is implemented with a lens, a convex lens may be used to converge a collimated beam in free space into one point.

Here, the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical system 100 may be determined by the radius (R) and focus of the optical system 100 as shown in Equation 1 below.

<Equation 1>

In Equation 1, NA refers to the numerical aperture of the lens of the optical system 100, R refers to the radius of the lens aperture, and f refers to the effective focal length of the lens.

)를 갖고 광학계(100)인 렌즈를 통과할 때, 렌즈의 초점 거리(f) 지점에서 한 점으로 모이게 된다. 한 점으로 모이는 x좌표는 들어오는 빔의 각도(

)와 렌즈의 초점 거리(f)에 의해 식 2와 같이 계산되며, 모인 빔은 광 결합기 배열(200)을 구성하는 복수의 광 결합기들(210)로 결합될 수 있다.A beam radiating in free space appears at an arbitrary angle (

) and pass through the lens of the optical system 100, they converge to one point at the focal length (f) of the lens. The x-coordinates that converge to one point are the angle of the incoming beam (

) and the focal length (f) of the lens as in Equation 2, and the collected beam can be combined into a plurality of optical couplers 210 constituting the optical coupler array 200.

<Equation 2>

는 광학계(100)를 통과하는 빔의 송수신 각도를 의미한다.In Equation 2, x represents the position of the optical lattice structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210,

means the transmission/reception angle of the beam passing through the optical system 100.

That is, the position of the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be determined based on the transmission and reception angle of the beam passing through the optical system 100. Accordingly, the optical coupler array 200 may be composed of a plurality of optical couplers 210 having an optical grid structure positioned in consideration of the transmission and reception angle of the beam passing through the optical system 100.

When combining a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400, the optical coupler array 200 of the optical transceiver receives the condensed beam and connects the optical waveguide 220 corresponding to each of the plurality of optical couplers 210. ) can be transmitted.

At this time, each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be implemented as an optical lattice structure, and the optical waveguide 220 corresponding to each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be implemented as a planar optical waveguide structure. . That is, the plurality of optical couplers 210 and each optical waveguide 220 may be implemented on a flat chip. Additionally, the optical distributor 300, which will be described later, can also be implemented on a flat chip along with a plurality of optical couplers 210 and each optical waveguide 220. For example, the plurality of optical couplers 210 and each optical waveguide 220 and optical distributor 300 include Si, Ge, InGaAs, InP, GaAs, LiNbO ₃ , SiN, SOI, Silica on silicon, Polymer, Glass It can be integrated on a flat chip manufactured through a semiconductor substrate process including.

Here, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be designed to have a grating period and an effective refractive index determined based on the wavelength of the beam to be diverged or converged. A detailed description of this will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B below.

Additionally, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be designed to transmit and receive a beam at a specific angle that passes through the optical system 100. For example, as described above, the position of the grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be determined based on a specific angle of the beam passing through the optical system 100.

Additionally, the optical coupler array 200 may have a structure in which a plurality of optical couplers 210 are arranged in two or three dimensions to enable transmission and reception of beams at all angles (θ, Φ). For example, the optical coupler array 200 may have a structure in which a plurality of optical couplers 210 are arranged in a two-dimensional circular shape.

In particular, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be designed to satisfy conditions for maximizing light reception efficiency. In more detail, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be designed to have a numerical aperture that is the same as the numerical aperture of the optical system. A detailed description of this will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B below.

The optical waveguide 220 corresponding to each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may guide the beam transmitted from the plurality of optical couplers 210 in a single mode or multiple modes and transmit it to the optical distributor 300.

When combining a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400, the optical distributor 300 of the optical transmitting and receiving device converts the beam transmitted through each optical waveguide 220 of the plurality of optical combiners 210 into a single optical waveguide. It can be coupled to the waveguide 400. The number of optical splitters 300 may be determined depending on the number of optical couplers 210 (number of optical grid structures) constituting the optical coupler array 200.

When combining the guided beam of the single optical waveguide 400 with a collimated beam in free space, the optical distributor 300 of the optical transceiver couples the guided beam of the single optical waveguide 400 to each of the plurality of optical combiners 210. It can be distributed using the optical waveguide 220.

When coupling the guided beam of a single optical waveguide 400 to a collimated beam in free space, the optical coupler array 200 of the optical transceiver device transmits the plurality of optical couplers 210 through each optical waveguide 220. Can emit a beam. Since the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 constituting the optical coupler array 200 has been described in detail previously, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

When coupling the waveguide beam of the single optical waveguide 400 to the collimated beam in free space, the optical system 100 of the optical transmitting and receiving device couples the beam radiating from the plurality of optical couplers 210 to the collimating beam in free space. You can. Since the optical system 100 has also been described in detail previously, its detailed description will be omitted.

3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining conditions of an optical grid structure for combining light in free space according to an embodiment.

The light reception angle of the optical grating structure is determined by Equation 3.

<Equation 3>

In equation 3 (310) is the vertical light reception angle of the optical grating structure, is the effective refractive index of the optical grating structure, The wavelength of the beam received by the optical grid structure, is the lattice period 320 of the optical lattice structure, means the refractive index of the coating 350 surrounding the optical grid structure.

Effective refractive index of the optical grating structure ( ) can be determined by the height 330 of the optical grid structure and the height 340 of the optical waveguide. The wavelength of the beam being received ( ) may change depending on the beam being received and may vary depending on the semiconductor material. Therefore, the wavelength of the beam to be diverged or converged ( ), the optical grid structure may be designed differently.

The refractive index of the coating 350 surrounding the optical grid structure ( ) can also be determined depending on the semiconductor material used.

According to this principle, the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 may be designed to have a grating period and an effective refractive index determined based on the wavelength of the beam to be diverged or converged.

In particular, in order to maximize light receiving efficiency or coupling efficiency, the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 determined as in Equation 4 and the numerical aperture of the optical system 100 determined as in Equation 1 must be the same. do.

<Equation 4>

,

In equation 4 360 represents the divergence or convergence angle of the optical lattice structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210, is the wavelength of the diverging or converging beam of the optical grating structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210, means the width 370 of the optical lattice structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210, and NA means the numerical aperture of the optical lattice structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210.

Based on this principle, the optical system 100 and the plurality of optical couplers 210 have a numerical aperture of the optical system 100 (determined based on the radius and focus of the optical system 100) and a plurality of optical couplers 210. By designing the numerical aperture of each optical grating structure (determined based on the width of the optical grating structure, the divergence or convergence angle, and the wavelength of the divergence or convergence beam) to be the same, the light receiving efficiency of the optical transmitting and receiving device can be maximized.

Above, it has been described that a focus optical grid structure is used as the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210, but the present invention is not limited or limited thereto and a general optical grid structure may be used.

4A to 4B are diagrams for explaining operating methods and conditions of an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a method and conditions for an optical transmission/reception device according to an embodiment to couple light in free space to an optical grid structure, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an optical transmission/reception device according to an embodiment of the optical grid structure. This is a diagram to explain the method and conditions for combining a beam guiding a waveguide into a collimated beam in free space.

When combining collimated beams in free space into a single optical waveguide 400, the specific light reception angle determined by equation 3 The optical lattice structure with (310) is located at a specific position determined by Equation 2. specific angle The night passing through the center of the optical system 100 reaches the optical coupler 210 having an optical lattice structure. At this time, the light reception angle 310 of the optical grid structure and the angle of the beam passing through the optical system 100 ( ) is the same, the beam passing through the optical system 100 is combined through the optical coupler 210 having an optical lattice structure. At this time, when the numerical aperture of the optical system 100 determined by Equation 1 and the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure determined by Equation 4 are the same, the coupling efficiency is maximized.

When coupling the guided beam of a single optical waveguide 400 to a collimated beam in free space, the beam guiding the optical waveguide 220 has a specific radiation angle determined by equation 3 of the optical grating structure. It radiates in the (310) direction, and at this time, the position of the optical lattice structure is located at a specific position determined by Equation 2. The emitted beam passes through the optical system 100 at a specific angle. It is converted into a collimated beam radiating with a radiation angle of the optical grating structure. (310) is the angle that the collimated beam has. It becomes. At this time, when the numerical aperture of the optical system 100 determined by Equation 1 and the numerical aperture of the optical lattice structure determined by Equation 4 are the same, the coupling efficiency in free space is maximized.

FIG. 5 is a diagram to explain the structure and principle of an optical transmitting and receiving device using a mirror as an optical system according to an embodiment.

When a mirror is used as the optical system 100, a concave mirror that focuses the beam to one point may be used as the mirror. However, it is not limited or limited thereto.

)를 갖고 초점 거리(f) 위치에서 한 점에 모일 때, 모인 빔은 광 격자 구조에 결합되어 광 도파로(220)로 전달될 수 있다.The beam reflected by the mirror 100 is transmitted at a certain angle (

) and when gathered at a point at the focal distance (f), the collected beam may be coupled to the optical lattice structure and transmitted to the optical waveguide 220.

Likewise, the guided beam of the optical waveguide 220 radiating from the optical grating structure may be converted into a collimated beam through the mirror 100.

6A to 6B are flow charts showing a method of operating an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment. In more detail, FIG. 6A is a flow chart showing the operation method of the optical transceiver when combining a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400, and FIG. 6B is a flow chart showing the operation method of the optical transmitting and receiving device when combining a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide 400. This is a flow chart showing the operation method of the optical transmitting and receiving device when coupled to a collimated beam in free space.

Referring to FIG. 6A, in step S610, the optical transmitting and receiving device may focus a collimated beam in free space through the optical system 100.

In step S620, the optical transmitting and receiving device may receive the concentrated beam through the plurality of optical couplers 210 included in the optical coupler array 200 and transmit it to each optical waveguide 220.

In step S630, the optical transmitting and receiving device may couple the beam transmitted through the optical waveguide 220 of each of the plurality of optical couplers 210 to the single optical waveguide 400 through the optical splitter 300.

Referring to FIG. 6B, in step S640, the optical transceiver transmits the guided beam of the single optical waveguide 400 through the optical distributor 300 to a plurality of optical couplers 210 included in the optical coupler array 200. It can be distributed to each optical waveguide 220.

In step S650, the optical transmitting and receiving device may radiate a beam transmitted to each optical waveguide 220 through a plurality of optical couplers 210 included in the optical coupler array 200.

In step S660, the optical transmitting and receiving device may couple the beam radiating from the plurality of optical couplers 210 to a collimated beam in free space through the optical system 100.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating simulation results and experimental results verifying the operational performance of an optical transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment.

The graph of FIG. 7 shows the coupling performance when a collimated beam in free space is coupled to a silicon semiconductor chip using the optical system 100, which is a lens, according to an embodiment. The trend line indicated by a black triangle represents simulation results when using a conventional optical fiber, and the trend line indicated by a blue triangle represents the simulation results when using an optical grid structure according to an embodiment. The trend line indicated by a pink circle represents the experimental results when using a conventional optical fiber, and the trend line indicated by a red circle represents the experimental results when an optical grid structure according to an embodiment is used. The trend line shown in the purple circle represents the coupling efficiency of the optical grating structure in the absence of a lens.

It can be seen that an optical transceiver device that combines collimated beams in free space using a silicon optical grating structure according to an embodiment can combine beams with a much wider angle than when using an optical fiber. In addition, it can be seen that the collimated beams of a larger area can be combined when an optical system is used compared to when an optical system is not used, thereby increasing the combining efficiency.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described with limited examples and drawings, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art from the above description. For example, the described techniques are performed in a different order than the described method, and/or components of the described system, structure, device, circuit, etc. are combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components are used. Alternatively, appropriate results may be achieved even if substituted or substituted by an equivalent.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents of the claims also fall within the scope of the claims described below.

Claims (10)

An optical transmitting and receiving device that couples a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide, comprising:
an optical system that focuses the collimated beam in the free space;
an optical coupler array composed of a plurality of optical couplers that receive the condensed beam and transmit it to each optical waveguide; and
An optical splitter that couples beams transmitted through optical waveguides of each of the plurality of optical couplers to the single optical waveguide.
An optical transmitting and receiving device comprising a. According to paragraph 1,
The optical system and the plurality of optical couplers are,
Numerical aperture of the optical system - the numerical aperture of the optical system is determined based on the radius and focus of the optical system - and the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers - the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure is determined by the optical grating An optical transmitting and receiving device, wherein the width of the structure, the diverging or converging angle, determined based on the wavelength of the diverging or converging beam, are designed to be the same. According to paragraph 1,
Each of the plurality of optical couplers,
Implemented as an optical grid structure,
The optical waveguide of each of the plurality of optical couplers,
An optical transmitting and receiving device characterized by being implemented as a planar optical waveguide structure. According to paragraph 1,
The optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers is,
An optical transmitting and receiving device characterized in that it is designed to have a grating period and an effective refractive index determined based on the wavelength of the beam to be diverged or converged. According to paragraph 1,
The position of the optical grid structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers is,
An optical transmitting and receiving device, characterized in that it is determined based on the transmitting and receiving angle of the beam passing through the optical system. According to paragraph 1,
The optical coupler arrangement is,
An optical transmitting and receiving device, characterized in that the plurality of optical couplers are arranged in two or three dimensions so that beams can be transmitted and received at all angles. A method of operating an optical transceiver device comprising optics, an optical coupler array, and an optical splitter to couple a collimated beam in free space into a single optical waveguide, comprising:
In the optical system, condensing the collimated beam in the free space;
Receiving the concentrated beam from a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array and transmitting the collected beam to each optical waveguide; and
In the optical distributor, coupling a beam transmitted through an optical waveguide of each of the plurality of optical couplers to the single optical waveguide.
A method of operating an optical transmitting and receiving device comprising: An optical transmitting and receiving device for coupling a guided beam of a single optical waveguide to a collimated beam in free space, comprising:
an optical splitter that distributes the waveguide beam of the single optical waveguide to each optical waveguide of a plurality of optical couplers;
an optical coupler array composed of a plurality of optical couplers that radiate beams transmitted through optical waveguides of each of the plurality of optical couplers; and
An optical system that combines the beam radiated from the plurality of optical couplers to the collimated beam in the free space
An optical transmitting and receiving device comprising a. According to clause 8,
The optical system and the plurality of optical couplers are,
Numerical aperture of the optical system - the numerical aperture of the optical system is determined based on the radius and focus of the optical system - and the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure of each of the plurality of optical couplers - the numerical aperture of the optical grating structure is determined by the optical grating An optical transmitting and receiving device, wherein the width of the structure, the diverging or converging angle, determined based on the wavelength of the diverging or converging beam, are designed to be the same. A method of operating an optical transceiver device comprising an optical splitter, an optical coupler array, and optics to couple a guided beam of a single optical waveguide to a collimated beam in free space, comprising:
In the optical distributor, distributing the guided beam of the single optical waveguide to each optical waveguide of a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array;
Radiating a beam transmitted through each optical waveguide from a plurality of optical couplers included in the optical coupler array; and
In the optical system, coupling a beam radiating from the plurality of optical couplers to a collimated beam in the free space.
A method of operating an optical transmitting and receiving device comprising: