KR20240012843A - Carbon nanotube fabricating apparatus and carbon nanotube fabricating method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a carbon nanotube synthesis device comprises: a plasma reactor for thermally decomposing a hydrocarbon raw material; a decomposition gas delivery pipe for moving a decomposition gas generated in the plasma reactor; and a catalytic reactor for receiving light hydrocarbons from the plasma reactor to generate carbon nanotubes, wherein the plasma reactor can thermally decompose the hydrocarbon raw material to generate hydrogen and light hydrocarbons. According to the present invention, carbon nanotubes can be easily synthesized.

Description

Carbon nanotube synthesis device and carbon nanotube synthesis method using the same {CARBON NANOTUBE FABRICATING APPARATUS AND CARBON NANOTUBE FABRICATING METHOD USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a synthesis device and method for synthesizing carbon nanotubes, and more specifically, to a synthesis device and method for synthesizing carbon nanotubes using plasma.

As is known, in order to induce a high-temperature reaction with plasma or create a high-temperature environment, arc plasma, microwave plasma, capacitively coupled plasma, and inductively coupled plasma are used. Technologies such as plasma are used. These technologies have advantages and disadvantages for each technology and structural differences in the reactor for plasma generation.

Carbon nanotubes are in the form of cylinders in which graphite sheets are rolled up to a nano-sized diameter, and depending on the angle and structure (chirality) at which the graphite sheets are rolled, their electrical properties are those of a conductor or a semiconductor. will have In addition, depending on the number of graphite surfaces of the rolled cylinder, one single-walled carbon nanotube, two double-walled carbon nanotubes, and three or more multi-walled carbon nanotubes ( It can be classified into multi-walled carbon nanotube).

Single-walled carbon nanotubes exhibit conductor or semiconductor electrical properties depending on the small diameter of a few nanometers or less and the angle at which the graphite surface is rolled, showing superior properties compared to existing materials, and are therefore widely used in semiconductor devices, secondary battery electrodes, sensors, Active application is expected in electron-emitting devices, super capacitors, etc. In order for these single-walled carbon nanotubes to be useful, it must be possible to synthesize and supply high-purity single-walled carbon nanotubes in large quantities at low cost.

In general, methods for synthesizing single-walled carbon nanotubes can be broadly classified into two types. A method that evaporates solid carbon such as graphite, such as an arc-discharge or laser ablation method, and then creates conditions for carbon nanotubes to be created in the cooling process, and hydrocarbon There is a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method that synthesizes carbon nanotubes by reacting gas with a catalyst metal.

To synthesize carbon nanotubes in this way, ethylene or acetylene must be supplied, and carbons grow on the catalyst during the decomposition of ethylene or acetylene. However, because ethylene or acetylene is a relatively expensive raw material, there is a problem of increased manufacturing costs.

The present invention provides a carbon nanotube synthesis device and a carbon nanotube synthesis method that can synthesize carbon nanotubes using relatively inexpensive hydrocarbon materials.

A carbon nanotube synthesis device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plasma reactor that thermally decomposes hydrocarbon raw materials, a decomposition gas transmission pipe that moves decomposition gas generated in the plasma reactor, and carbon nanotubes that receive light hydrocarbons from the plasma reactor. It includes a catalytic reactor that produces, and the plasma reactor can generate hydrogen and light hydrocarbons by thermally decomposing hydrocarbon raw materials.

The hydrocarbon raw material according to an embodiment of the present invention may be any one selected from the group consisting of gas oil, fuel oil, natural gas, methane gas, and by-product fuel.

The carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalytic reactor to separate hydrogen from the decomposition gas.

The carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalytic reactor to separate unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the decomposition gas.

The carbon nanotube synthesis device according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a first recovery pipe that supplies unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the separation device to the plasma reactor.

The catalytic reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention may be composed of a fluidized bed reactor.

The carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a second recovery pipe for supplying unreacted raw materials from the catalytic reactor to the plasma reactor.

The carbon nanotube synthesis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a bypass recovery pipe connected to the second recovery pipe to supply unreacted light hydrocarbons to the catalytic reactor.

The plasma reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and the housing includes the discharge passage. A cooling device may be installed to lower the temperature of the gas discharged through the gas.

The plasma reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and the housing includes the discharge passage. Heat exchange means may be installed to lower the temperature of the gas discharged through the gas.

The plasma reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing that is grounded and has a discharge passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and the discharge electrode is disposed on the outside of the housing. A cooling nozzle that sprays cooling fluid toward the gas discharged through the passage may be installed.

The plasma reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and the housing includes a device for rotating an arc. A magnetic member may be installed.

The plasma reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and the housing includes the discharge passage. A tip cap that is movably installed with respect to the housing and an actuator that moves the tip cap may be installed.

The carbon nanotube synthesis method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrocarbon supply step of supplying hydrocarbon raw materials to a plasma reactor, a plasma pyrolysis step of pyrolyzing by-products using plasma generated in the plasma reactor, and decomposition gas generated by pyrolysis. It includes a carbon nanotube manufacturing step of manufacturing carbon nanotubes in a catalytic reactor, and the plasma pyrolysis step can generate hydrogen and light hydrocarbons by pyrolyzing hydrocarbon raw materials.

The carbon nanotube synthesis method according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a separation step of separating unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the decomposition gas using a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalytic reactor.

In the separation step according to an embodiment of the present invention, some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device may be transferred to the catalytic reactor, and some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device may be discharged to the outside.

In the carbon nanotube manufacturing step according to an embodiment of the present invention, carbon nanotubes are continuously synthesized using a fluid catalytic reactor, unreacted raw materials and hydrogen discharged from the catalytic reactor are supplied to the plasma reactor, and the Unreacted light hydrocarbons discharged from the catalytic reactor can be supplied back to the catalytic reactor.

As described above, according to the present invention, light hydrocarbons can be generated by pyrolyzing low-cost fuels and by-product gases, carbon nanotubes can be easily synthesized using light hydrocarbons, and manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a flowchart for explaining the synthesis method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a flowchart for explaining the synthesis method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a flowchart for explaining the synthesis method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a flowchart for explaining the synthesis method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a modified example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Since the present invention can be modified in various ways and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments will be exemplified and explained in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all transformations, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

The terms used in the present invention are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present invention, terms such as 'include' or 'have' are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but are not intended to indicate the presence of one or more other features. It should be understood that this does not exclude in advance the possibility of the existence or addition of elements, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. At this time, note that in the attached drawings, like components are indicated by the same symbols whenever possible. Additionally, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that may obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted. For the same reason, some components are exaggerated, omitted, or schematically shown in the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the synthesis device 100 according to the first embodiment includes a plasma reactor 110, a raw material supply pipe 121, a decomposition gas delivery pipe 125, a catalytic reactor 150, It may include a carbon nanotube discharge pipe 126.

The raw material supply pipe 121 supplies hydrocarbon raw materials consisting of by-product gas or fuel to the plasma reactor 110. By-product gases may include gas oil (PGO) and fuel oil (PFO) generated in petrochemical processes. Fuel can be made of natural gas, methane gas, etc. Byproduct fuel is a fuel generated in a petrochemical refining process and can be composed of heavy oil-type byproduct fuel and kerosene-type byproduct fuel.

The plasma reactor 110 may be an arc plasma reactor that can create high temperature conditions and rapidly reduce the temperature. Additionally, the plasma reactor 110 may be an inductively coupled plasma reactor (ICP) or a microwave plasma reactor using RF frequencies. Hereinafter, the plasma reactor 110 will be described as an example of an arc plasma reactor, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The plasma reactor 110 may include a housing 112 and a discharge electrode 113. The housing 112 has a box shape with an internal space, and arc discharge occurs inside the housing 112. The material introduced into the housing 112 by arc discharge is heated to a high temperature and may be converted into a plasma state.

An inflow passage 114 through which by-products flow is formed in the housing 112, and the inflow passage 114 extends in a direction eccentric with respect to the center of the housing 112 to form a swirl. Meanwhile, at one longitudinal end of the housing 112, there is a discharge passage 115 through which materials decomposed by heat are discharged, and a guide that guides the flow toward the discharge passage 115 and is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the housing 112. An inclined surface 116 is formed.

The discharge electrode 113 is inserted into the housing 112 and can be charged with a driving voltage. The discharge electrode 113 is charged with direct current or alternating current voltage, and is charged with a high enough voltage to form an arc (AC). A gasket 118 for insulation may be installed between the discharge electrode 113 and the housing 112.

The discharge electrode 113 thermally decomposes by-products by forming an arc (AC) between the housing 112 and the arc (AC) may be formed between the front part of the discharge electrode 113 and the inclined surface 116. By-products may be rapidly heated while passing through the discharge passage 115 and rapidly cooled as they are discharged from the discharge passage 115.

When hydrocarbon raw materials are decomposed in the plasma reactor 110, decomposition gas containing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons may be generated. Here, the light hydrocarbon may consist of ethylene or ester. The decomposed gas transmission pipe 125 moves the decomposed gas generated in the plasma reactor 110 and delivers the decomposed gas to the catalytic reactor 150.

The catalytic reactor 150 produces carbon nanotubes using solid carbon and light hydrocarbons. The catalytic reactor 150 can produce carbon nanotubes by supplying carbon and light hydrocarbons with a catalyst positioned on a substrate, using an arc discharge method, chemical vapor deposition method, etc. Here, the catalyst may be made of metal, semiconductor, ceramic, etc. The carbon nanotube discharge pipe 126 is connected to the catalytic reactor 150 and discharges the carbon nanotubes synthesized in the catalytic reactor 150.

As described above, the synthesis device 100 according to this embodiment can easily manufacture carbon nanotubes, a high value-added material, using low-cost hydrocarbon raw materials.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 3 is a flowchart for explaining the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 3, the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the first embodiment may include a hydrocarbon supply step (S101), a plasma pyrolysis step (S102), and a carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S104). there is.

In the hydrocarbon supply step (S101), hydrocarbon raw material consisting of by-product gas or fuel is supplied to the plasma reactor 110. By-product gases may include gas oil (PGO) and fuel oil (PFO) generated in petrochemical processes. Fuel can be made of natural gas, methane gas, etc. Byproduct fuel is a fuel generated in the petrochemical refining process and includes heavy oil-type byproduct fuel and kerosene-type byproduct fuel.

In the plasma pyrolysis step (S102), the by-products are pyrolyzed using high-temperature plasma, and the pyrolysis can be caused by collision between electrons and hydrocarbons generated in the area where the plasma is generated.

The plasma pyrolysis step (S102) can heat the hydrocarbon raw material to 1000 degrees Celsius to 2000 degrees Celsius, and the by-product gas can stay in the plasma region for 1/1000 second to 1 second.

In the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S104), carbon nanotubes are manufactured using decomposed gas in the catalytic reactor 150. In the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S104), carbon nanotubes can be manufactured by a deposition method, a discharge method, etc., using a substrate and a catalyst. Here, the catalyst may be made of metal, semiconductor, ceramic, etc.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 4 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

4, the synthesis device 100 according to the second embodiment includes a plasma reactor 110, a raw material supply pipe 121, a decomposed gas delivery pipe 125, a separation device 130, and a first recovery device. It may include a pipe 128 and a catalytic reactor 150.

Since the synthesis device 100 according to the second embodiment has the same structure as the synthesis device 100 according to the first embodiment described above except for the separation device 130, redundant description of the same structure will be omitted. .

A separation device 130 is installed between the plasma reactor 110 and the catalytic reactor 150 to separate unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the decomposition gas. The separation device 130 is connected to the cracked gas transmission pipe 125 to extract unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the cracked gas.

The separation device 130 is equipped with a hydrocarbon transmission pipe 127 that transfers light hydrocarbons such as acetylene and ethylene and hydrogen separated in the separation device to the catalytic reactor 150, and the catalytic reactor 150 converts solid carbon and light hydrocarbons Carbon nanotubes are manufactured using .

Additionally, the separation device 130 is installed with a first recovery pipe 128 that supplies unreacted raw materials and hydrogen to the plasma reactor 110. The first recovery pipe 128 connects the separation device 130 and the raw material supply pipe 121 to supply unreacted raw materials and hydrogen to the raw material supply pipe 121.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis method according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 5 is a flowchart for explaining the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

4 and 5, the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the second embodiment includes a hydrocarbon supply step (S201), a plasma pyrolysis step (S202), a separation step (S203), and a carbon nanotube manufacturing step ( S204) may be included.

Since the synthesis method according to the second embodiment is the same as the synthesis method according to the first embodiment described above except for the separation step (S203), redundant description of the same components will be omitted.

In the separation step (S203), unreacted raw materials and hydrogen are separated from the decomposition gas using the separation device 130 installed between the plasma reactor 110 and the catalytic reactor 150. Additionally, in the separation step (S203), unreacted raw materials and hydrogen are supplied to the plasma reactor 110.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 6 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the synthesis device 100 according to the third embodiment includes a plasma reactor 110, a raw material supply pipe 121, a decomposed gas transmission pipe 125, a separation device 130, and a first recovery device. It may include a pipe 128, a catalytic reactor 150, a solid carbon delivery pipe 123, and a solid carbon discharge pipe 129.

The synthesis device 100 according to the third embodiment has the same structure as the synthesis device 100 according to the second embodiment described above, except for the solid carbon transmission pipe 123 and the solid carbon discharge pipe 129. Duplicate descriptions of the same configuration are omitted.

A separation device 130 is installed between the plasma reactor 110 and the catalytic reactor 150 to separate solid carbon from the decomposition gas. The separation device 130 is connected to the decomposed gas transmission pipe 125 and extracts solid carbon from the decomposed gas.

The solid carbon transmission pipe 123 delivers the solid carbon separated in the separation device 130 to the catalytic reactor 150, and the solid carbon discharge pipe 129 discharges the solid carbon separated in the separation device 130 to the outside. . Depending on the reaction conditions of the plasma reactor 110, the decomposition gas may contain solid carbon. Additionally, depending on the production characteristics, solid carbon may be used in the catalytic reactor 150 and may not be used in the catalytic reactor 150.

Among the solid carbon separated in the separation device 130, the solid carbon that can be used in the catalytic reactor 150 is transferred to the catalytic reactor 150 through the solid carbon transfer pipe 123, and the solid carbon separated in the separation device 130 Among carbon, solid carbon that cannot be used in the catalytic reactor 150 may be discharged to the outside through the solid carbon discharge pipe 129.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis method according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 7 is a flowchart for explaining the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

6 and 7, the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the third embodiment includes a hydrocarbon supply step (S301), a plasma pyrolysis step (S302), a separation step (S303), and a carbon nanotube manufacturing step ( S304) may be included.

Since the synthesis method according to the third embodiment is the same as the synthesis method according to the first embodiment described above except for the separation step (S303), redundant description of the same components will be omitted.

In the separation step (S303), unreacted raw materials and hydrogen are separated from the decomposition gas using the separation device 130 installed between the plasma reactor 110 and the catalytic reactor 150. Additionally, in the separation step (S303), unreacted raw materials and hydrogen are supplied to the plasma reactor 110.

Additionally, in the separation step (S303), some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device is transferred to the catalytic reactor 150, and some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device 130 is discharged to the outside.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 8 is a configuration diagram showing a synthesis device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

8, the synthesis device 100 according to the fourth embodiment includes a plasma reactor 110, a raw material supply pipe 121, a decomposition gas transmission pipe 125, a separation device 130, and a catalyst reactor ( 150), a first recovery pipe 128, a second recovery pipe 132, and a bypass recovery pipe 135.

The synthesis device 100 according to the fourth embodiment is the synthesis device 100 according to the second embodiment described above except for the catalytic reactor 150, the second recovery pipe 132, and the bypass recovery pipe 135. ), so duplicate descriptions of the same configuration will be omitted.

A separation device 130 is installed between the plasma reactor 110 and the catalytic reactor 150 to separate hydrogen from the decomposition gas. The separation device 130 is connected to the cracked gas transmission pipe 125 and extracts hydrogen from the cracked gas.

A hydrocarbon transmission pipe 127 may be installed in the separation device 130 to transfer the hydrogen separated in the separation device to the catalytic reactor 150. In addition, the separation device 130 is installed with a first recovery pipe 128 that supplies hydrogen to the plasma reactor 110.

The catalytic reactor 150 is composed of a fluidized bed catalytic reactor, and a catalyst supply pipe 131 for supplying catalyst and a carbon nanotube discharge pipe 126 for recovering carbon nanotubes are connected to the fluidized bed catalytic reactor. The catalytic reactor 150 synthesizes carbon nanotubes while continuously supplying decomposition gas and catalyst, and continuously discharges the carbon nanotubes. Accordingly, mass production of carbon nanotubes is possible through a continuous process.

Additionally, a second recovery pipe 132 is installed in the catalytic reactor 150 to supply unreacted raw materials and hydrogen to the plasma reactor 110. The second recovery pipe 132 connects the catalytic reactor 150 and the raw material supply pipe 121 and supplies unreacted raw materials and hydrogen to the raw material supply pipe 121.

A bypass recovery pipe 135 is installed in the second recovery pipe 132 to supply unreacted light hydrocarbons to the catalytic reactor 150. The bypass recovery pipe 135 connects the second recovery pipe 132 and the decomposed gas transmission pipe 125 to supply unreacted light hydrocarbons to the catalytic reactor 150.

Meanwhile, a catalyst recovery pipe 136 for recovering the catalyst discharged together with the carbon nanotubes may be connected to the carbon nanotube discharge pipe 126. The catalyst recovery pipe 136 connects the carbon nanotube discharge pipe 126 and the catalyst supply pipe 131 to transfer the discharged catalyst to the catalyst supply pipe 131.

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 9 is a flowchart for explaining the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

8 and 9, the carbon nanotube synthesis method according to the fourth embodiment includes a hydrocarbon supply step (S401), a plasma pyrolysis step (S402), a separation step (S403), and a carbon nanotube manufacturing step ( S404) may be included.

Since the synthesis method according to the third embodiment is the same as the synthesis method according to the first embodiment described above except for the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S404), redundant description of the same configuration will be omitted.

In the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S404), carbon nanotubes are synthesized using a fluid catalytic reactor, and decomposition gas and catalyst are continuously supplied to the catalytic reactor 150 to synthesize the catalyst in a continuous process.

In addition, in the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S404), unreacted raw materials and hydrogen are supplied from the catalytic reactor 150 to the plasma reactor 110, and the catalytic reactor 150 and the raw material supply pipe 121 are connected to the raw material supply pipe 121. ) can supply unreacted raw materials and hydrogen discharged from the catalytic reactor 150. In addition, the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S404) connects the second recovery pipe 132 and the hydrocarbon transfer pipe 127 with a bypass recovery pipe 135 to convert unreacted light hydrocarbons discharged from the catalytic reactor 150 into a catalyst. It can be supplied to the reactor 150. Additionally, in the carbon nanotube manufacturing step (S404), the catalyst discharged together with the carbon nanotubes may be delivered to the catalyst supply pipe 131 for recovery.

Hereinafter, a plasma reactor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

When described with reference to FIG. 10, the plasma reactor 110 according to the present embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the first embodiment described above except for the housing 112, so duplicate description of the same configuration will be provided. Omit it.

The plasma reactor 110 according to the fifth embodiment may include a housing 112 and a discharge electrode 113. The housing 112 has a box shape with an internal space, and arc discharge occurs inside the housing. The material introduced into the housing 112 by arc discharge is heated to a high temperature and may be converted into a plasma state.

An inflow passage 114 through which by-products flow is formed in the housing 112, and the inflow passage 114 extends in a direction eccentric with respect to the center of the housing to form a swirl. Meanwhile, a discharge passage 115 through which materials decomposed by heat are discharged is formed at one longitudinal end of the housing 112, and the discharge passage 115 is located at the front end (downstream side based on the flow) of the housing 112. It is formed and continues in the longitudinal direction of the housing 112.

In addition, the housing 112 has a guide inclined surface 116 that guides the flow toward the discharge passage 115 and is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the housing 112, and connects the guide inclined surface 116 and the discharge passage 115. A support surface 117 is formed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the housing.

A magnet member 119 is installed in the housing 112, and the magnet member 119 can be inserted into the wall of the housing 112. Additionally, the magnet member 119 may be formed in the form of a tube surrounding the outer surface of the housing 112. The magnetic member 119 may be disposed adjacent to the discharge passage 115 and the support surface 117. The magnetic member 119 may be made of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. In this way, when the magnet member 119 is installed in the housing 112, the Lorentz force acts on the arc AC, allowing the arc AC to rotate more easily.

Hereinafter, a plasma reactor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

When described with reference to FIG. 11, the plasma reactor 110 according to this embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the first embodiment described above except for the housing, so duplicate description of the same structure will be omitted.

Since the plasma reactor 110 according to the sixth embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the first embodiment described above except for the cooling nozzle 231, redundant description of the same structure will be omitted.

A discharge passage 115 through which materials decomposed by heat are discharged is formed at one longitudinal end of the housing 112. The discharge passage 115 is formed at the tip of the housing 112, and is formed in the longitudinal direction of the housing 112. It continues.

A cooling nozzle 231 is installed in the housing 112 to spray cooling fluid toward the gas discharged through the discharge passage 115. The cooling nozzle 231 is installed on the outside of the housing 112 and may be installed inclined toward the downstream side of the discharge passage 115.

The cooling nozzle 231 can spray liquid or gas and is installed adjacent to the outlet of the discharge passage 115. Additionally, a plurality of cooling nozzles 231 may be spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the discharge passage 115.

When the cooling nozzle 231 is installed in the housing 112 as in this embodiment, the decomposed gas is quickly cooled to prevent the generation of coke and tar, and the desired material can be stably manufactured.

Hereinafter, a plasma reactor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

When described with reference to FIG. 12, the plasma reactor according to this embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the first embodiment described above except for the housing, so duplicate description of the same configuration will be omitted.

The plasma reactor 110 according to the fifth embodiment may include a housing 112 and a discharge electrode 113. The housing 112 has a box shape with an internal space, and arc discharge occurs inside the housing. An inflow passage through which by-products flow is formed in the housing, and the inflow passage runs in an eccentric direction with respect to the center of the housing to form a swirl. Meanwhile, a discharge passage through which material decomposed by heat is discharged is formed at one longitudinal end of the housing.

The discharge passage 115 has a structure in which the length L11 is flexible, and the housing 112 includes a tip cap 310 that forms the discharge passage 115 and an actuator 320 that moves the tip cap 310. It is installed. The tip cap 310 is movably installed at the tip of the housing 112 and is installed to surround the tip of the housing 112. A guide tube inserted into the discharge passage may be formed in the center of the tip cap 310. The actuator 320 is located between the tip of the housing 112 and the tip cap 310 and moves the tip cap 310.

According to this embodiment, since the tip cap 310 and the actuator 320 are installed, the length of the discharge passage 115 can be easily adjusted. Depending on the length of the discharge passage 115, the degree of heating of the by-product is determined, and the components of the material generated by decomposition of the by-product are also determined. If the length of the discharge passage 115 is made variable, the desired material can be more easily manufactured. You can.

Hereinafter, a plasma reactor according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

When described with reference to FIG. 13, the plasma reactor 110 according to this embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the first embodiment described above except for the housing, so duplicate description of the same structure will be omitted.

Since the plasma reactor 110 according to the eighth embodiment has the same structure as the plasma reactor according to the sixth embodiment described above except for the cooling device 250, redundant description of the same configuration will be omitted.

A discharge passage 115 through which materials decomposed by heat are discharged is formed at one longitudinal end of the housing 112. The discharge passage 115 is formed at the tip of the housing 112, and is formed in the longitudinal direction of the housing 112. It continues.

A cooling device 250 is installed in the discharge passage 115 to cool the gas discharged through the discharge passage 115. The cooling device 250 may be formed on the inner surface of the internal filling passage to form a flow path through which gas is discharged. A refrigerant may be supplied to the interior of the cooling device 250, and the cooling device 250 may include metal to be cooled.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, a heat exchange means 260 for cooling the gas may be installed in the discharge passage 115 instead of the cooling device. The heat exchange means 260 is installed inside the discharge passage and may include heat dissipation fins or a mesh body for heat exchange. Additionally, the cooling device 250 and the heat exchange means 260 may be installed in front of the discharge passage 115 rather than inside the discharge passage 115.

When the cooling device 250 or the heat exchange means 260 is installed in the housing 112 as in this embodiment, the decomposed gas is quickly cooled to prevent the generation of coke and tar, and the desired material can be stably manufactured.

Above, an embodiment of the present invention has been described, but those skilled in the art can add, change, delete or add components without departing from the spirit of the present invention as set forth in the patent claims. The present invention may be modified and changed in various ways, and this will also be included within the scope of rights of the present invention.

100: synthesis device 110: plasma reactor
112: Housing 113: Discharge electrode
114: inlet passage 115: discharge passage
119: Magnet member 121: Raw material supply pipe
123: solid carbon transmission pipe 125: decomposed gas transmission pipe
126: Carbon nanotube discharge pipe 128: First recovery pipe
129: solid carbon discharge pipe 130: separation device
132: second recovery pipe 135: bypass recovery pipe
136: Catalyst recovery pipe 150: Catalytic reactor
231: cooling nozzle 320: actuator
310: tip cap

Claims (17)

A plasma reactor that thermally decomposes hydrocarbon raw materials;
a decomposed gas transmission pipe that moves decomposed gas generated in the plasma reactor;
a catalytic reactor that receives light hydrocarbons from the plasma reactor and generates carbon nanotubes;
Includes,
The plasma reactor is a carbon nanotube synthesis device that generates hydrogen and light hydrocarbons by thermally decomposing hydrocarbon raw materials. According to paragraph 1,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device wherein the hydrocarbon raw material is any one selected from the group consisting of gas oil, fuel oil, natural gas, methane gas, and by-product fuel. According to paragraph 1,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device further comprising a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalyst reactor to separate hydrogen from the decomposition gas. According to paragraph 1,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device further comprising a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalyst reactor to separate unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the decomposition gas. According to paragraph 4,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device further comprising a first recovery pipe that supplies unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from the separation device to the plasma reactor. According to clause 5,
The catalytic reactor is a carbon nanotube synthesis device consisting of a fluidized bed reactor. According to clause 6,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device further comprising a second recovery pipe for supplying unreacted raw materials from the catalytic reactor to the plasma reactor. In clause 7,
A carbon nanotube synthesis device further comprising a bypass recovery pipe connected to the second recovery pipe to supply unreacted light hydrocarbons to the catalytic reactor. According to paragraph 1,
The plasma reactor includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage. A carbon nanotube synthesis device equipped with a cooling device. According to paragraph 1,
The plasma reactor includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage. A carbon nanotube synthesis device equipped with heat exchange means for According to paragraph 1,
The plasma reactor includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage. The outside of the housing is directed toward the gas discharged through the discharge passage. A carbon nanotube synthesis device equipped with a cooling nozzle that sprays cooling fluid. According to paragraph 1,
The plasma reactor includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage, and a magnet member for rotating the arc is installed in the housing. Device. According to paragraph 1,
The plasma reactor includes a housing that is grounded and has an exhaust passage through which decomposed gas is discharged, and a discharge electrode inserted into the housing charged with a discharge voltage. The discharge passage is formed in the housing and is movable relative to the housing. A carbon nanotube synthesis device equipped with a properly installed tip cap and an actuator that moves the tip cap. A hydrocarbon supply step of supplying hydrocarbon raw materials to the plasma reactor;
A plasma pyrolysis step of pyrolyzing by-products using plasma generated in a plasma reactor; and
It includes a carbon nanotube production step of producing carbon nanotubes in a catalytic reactor using decomposition gas generated by thermal decomposition,
The plasma pyrolysis step is a carbon nanotube synthesis method that generates hydrogen and light hydrocarbons by pyrolyzing hydrocarbon raw materials. According to clause 14,
A carbon nanotube synthesis method further comprising a separation step of separating unreacted raw materials and hydrogen from decomposition gas using a separation device installed between the plasma reactor and the catalyst reactor. According to clause 15,
In the separation step, some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device is transferred to the catalytic reactor, and some of the solid carbon separated in the separation device is discharged to the outside. According to clause 15,
In the carbon nanotube manufacturing step, carbon nanotubes are continuously synthesized using a fluid catalytic reactor, unreacted raw materials and hydrogen discharged from the catalytic reactor are supplied to the plasma reactor, and unreacted light discharged from the catalytic reactor is supplied. A carbon nanotube synthesis method for supplying hydrocarbons back to the catalytic reactor.