KR20230083433A - 연료전지용 촉매, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 - Google Patents
연료전지용 촉매, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20230083433A KR20230083433A KR1020210171423A KR20210171423A KR20230083433A KR 20230083433 A KR20230083433 A KR 20230083433A KR 1020210171423 A KR1020210171423 A KR 1020210171423A KR 20210171423 A KR20210171423 A KR 20210171423A KR 20230083433 A KR20230083433 A KR 20230083433A
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- Prior art keywords
- metal catalyst
- fuel cell
- catalyst
- carrier
- pores
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 연료전지용 전극 촉매의 STEM 이미지를 재구성한 이미지이다 (3D tomography).
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 막-전극 어셈블리를 개략적으로 나타낸 단면도이다;
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 연료전지의 전체적인 구성을 도시한 모식도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 비교예 2 (도 5의 (a)) 및 실시예 (도 5의 (b))에 따라 제조된 기공 내·외부의 금속촉매입자 사이즈 분포이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 실시예 및 비교예에 따라 비표면적 300 m2/g 이상의 담체를 이용해 제조된 촉매의 성능평가 결과이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 실시예 및 비교예에 따라 비표면적 300 m2/g 미만의 담체를 이용해 제조된 촉매의 성능평가 결과이다.
비표면적 300m2/g이상 담체를 활용하여 제조한 결과 | |||||
샘플 | 기공내부 금속촉매입자 | 기공외부 금속촉매입자 | 비율 (M1/M2) |
||
비율 (%, M1) | 평균크기 (nm) | 비율 (%, M2) | 평균크기 (nm) | ||
비교예1 | 15 | 2.7 | 85 | 2.7 | 0.176 |
비교예2 | 70 | 2.9 | 30 | 3.1 | 2.333 |
실시예1 | 37 | 4.3 | 63 | 7.1 | 0.587 |
비표면적 300m2/g미만 담체를 활용하여 제조한 결과 | |||||
샘플 | 기공내부 금속촉매입자 | 기공외부 금속촉매입자 | 비율 (M1/M2) |
||
비율 (%, M1) | 평균크기 (nm) | 비율 (%, M2) | 평균크기 (nm) | ||
비교예 3 | 1 | 3.0 | 99 | 3.0 | 0.010 |
실시예 2 | 15 | 4.5 | 85 | 7.5 | 0.176 |
촉매내구평가 결과 (DOE 10,000 cycle 후 전압 loss) | |||||
샘플 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 실시예 1 | 비교예 3 | 실시예 2 |
전압 loss | 35 mV | 15 mV | 14 mV | 40 mV | 22 mV |
Claims (15)
- 기공(pore)을 갖는 담체(Support);
상기 담체의 기공 내부에 위치하는 제1 금속촉매입자; 및
상기 담체의 기공 외부에 위치하는 제2 금속촉매입자;
를 포함하는 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 연료전지용 촉매는,
상기 제1 금속촉매입자의 개수 (M1)와 상기 제2 금속촉매입자의 개수 (M2)의 비율 (M1/M2)이
상기 담체의 비표면적이 300 m2/g 이상이면 0.25 내지 0.67 비율이고,
상기 담체의 비표면적이 300 m2/g 미만이면 0.05 내지 0.25로 비율인 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 금속촉매입자와 상기 제2 금속촉매입자는 1: 1 내지 3의 직경 비율로 포함되는 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 금속촉매입자와 상기 제2 금속촉매입자는 평균 직경이 독립적으로 각각 2 내지 17 nm 인 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 담체의 크기는 15 내지 60 nm인 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 담체 기공 크기는 2 내지 15 nm인 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 금속촉매입자 및 상기 제2 금속촉매입자는 각각 독립적으로, Pt, Pt-Pd, Pt-Mn, Pt-Sn, Pt-Mo, Pt-Cr, Pt-W, Pt-Ru, Pt-Ni, Pt-Co, Pt-Y, Pt-Ru-W, Pt-Ru-Ir, Pt-Ru-Ni, Pt-Ru-Mo, Pt-Ru-Rh-Ni, Pt-Ru-Sn-W, Pt-Ru-Ir-Ni, Pt-Ru-Ir-Y, Pt-Co-Mn, Pt-Co-Ni, Pt-Co-Fe, Pt-Co-Ir, Pt-Co-S, Pt-Co-P, Pt-Fe, Pt-Fe-Ir, Pt-Fe-S, Pt-Fe-P, Pt-Au-Co, Pt-Au-Fe, Pt-Au-Ni, Pt-Ni, Pt-Ni-Ir, Pt-Cr 및 Pt-Cr-Ir로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상인 연료전지용 촉매. - 제1항에 따른 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법으로서,
a) 금속 촉매 전구체 용액으로부터 금속촉매입자의 씨드(seed)를 형성하는 단계,
b) 상기 용액에 담체를 첨가한 후 상기 금속촉매입자의 씨드를 상기 담체 내의 기공으로 침투 및 담체 표면에 흡착시키는 단계,
c) 상기 b) 단계의 상기 금속촉매입자의 씨드를 환원시키며 성장시키는 단계
를 포함하는 연료전지 촉매의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 a) 단계는 금속 촉매 전구체 용액으로부터 부분 환원 또는 수화된 금속 리간드 형태의 씨드를 만드는 것인 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 a) 단계는 포름알데히드, 포름산, 시트르산, 아스코르브산, 우레아, 및 헥사메틸렌테트라민으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 첨가제를 금속 촉매 전구체와 혼합하여 금속 촉매 전구체 용액을 제조하고 이를 가열함으로써 수행되는 것인 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 b) 단계는 진공 침투(Vacuum Infiltration)를 이용한 것인 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 b) 단계에서 상기 금속 촉매 전구체 용액은 알코올류 용매를 포함하고,
상기 담체는 상기 b) 단계 수행 전에 기공의 내부를 친수성 개질하는 전처리한 것인 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 c) 단계는 환원제를 첨가하여 수행되는 것이고,
상기 환원제는 포름알데히드, 포름산, 아스코르브산, 헥사메틸렌테트라민, 시트르산, 및 에틸렌 글리콜으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상을 포함하는 연료전지용 촉매의 제조방법. - 제1항에 따른 연료전지용 촉매를 포함하는 막-전극 어셈블리.
- 제14항에 따른 막-전극 어셈블리를 포함하는 연료 전지.
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