KR20220107101A - Method for plastics' high stiffness and impact resistance - Google Patents
Method for plastics' high stiffness and impact resistance Download PDFInfo
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- KR20220107101A KR20220107101A KR1020210009805A KR20210009805A KR20220107101A KR 20220107101 A KR20220107101 A KR 20220107101A KR 1020210009805 A KR1020210009805 A KR 1020210009805A KR 20210009805 A KR20210009805 A KR 20210009805A KR 20220107101 A KR20220107101 A KR 20220107101A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001431 Long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009787 hand lay-up Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 섬유 강화 플라스틱에 대한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 열가소성 플라스틱과 열경화성 플라스틱의 결합으로 플라스틱의 강성과 내충격성을 강화하는 방법에 대한 것이다.The present invention relates to fiber-reinforced plastics, and more particularly, to a method of strengthening the rigidity and impact resistance of plastics by combining thermoplastic plastics and thermosetting plastics.
플라스틱의 성형 방법으로는 다양한 방법들이 있으며 열가소성 플라스틱의 성형 방법으로는 사출(Injection) 성형, 프레스(Press) 성형 등의 방법이 사용되고 섬유강화 열경화성 플라스틱의 성형 방법으로는 오토클레이브(Autoclave) 성형, 진공 오븐(Vacuum oven) 성형, 인퓨젼(Infusion) 성형 등의 방법이 사용된다.There are various methods for molding plastics, and methods such as injection molding and press molding are used as molding methods for thermoplastics, and autoclave molding, vacuum molding, etc. Methods such as vacuum oven molding and infusion molding are used.
섬유 강화 플라스틱, 특히 열경화성 탄소섬유 강화 플라스틱은 높은 인장강도와 탄성계수를 가지는, 경량성과 강도 측면에서 강철보다 뛰어나다는 평가를 받는 물질이다. 그러나 높은 내충격성이 요구되는 수송 분야에서 강판(Steel panel)보다 낮은 충격강도로 사용 확대가 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 자동차 산업 분야에서 이종재질인 강판과 플라스틱을 결합하여 사용하려는 시도가 있으나, 이 경우 철(Steel)의 사용으로 경량성이라는 장점이 사라진다. Fiber-reinforced plastics, particularly thermosetting carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, have high tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, and are evaluated to be superior to steel in terms of lightness and strength. However, in the transportation field where high impact resistance is required, its use has not been expanded due to its lower impact strength than steel panel. In the automobile industry, attempts have been made to combine steel plates and plastics, which are different materials, but in this case, the advantage of lightness disappears due to the use of steel.
섬유강화 플라스틱의 내충격성을 강화하기 위해 열가소성 수지로 이루어진 천(Fabric)을 보강재로 삽입하려는 시도가 있으나 이는 강한 충격이 가해질시 플라스틱과 보강재의 분리가 일어나게 되는 구조로,.플라스틱의 물성 자체를 강화시키기는 어려운 구조이다.An attempt is made to insert a fabric made of thermoplastic resin as a reinforcing material to enhance the impact resistance of fiber-reinforced plastics, but this is a structure in which the plastic and reinforcing material are separated when a strong impact is applied. It is a difficult structure to build.
열경화성 수지와 열가소성 수지의 혼합 수지를 사용하려는 시도가 있으나, 두 수지(Resin)는 점도 및 밀도에서 큰 차이가 있어서 혼합 수지가 경화(Cure)하는 동안 분리되어 불균일한 소재가 된다.An attempt has been made to use a mixed resin of a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin, but the two resins have a large difference in viscosity and density, so that the mixed resin is separated during curing, resulting in a non-uniform material.
본 발명은 뛰어난 강성을 가지지만 낮은 충격강도를 가지는 열경화성 복합재료와, 상대적으로 낮은 강성을 가지지만 높은 충격강도를 가지는 열가소성 복합재료의 결합으로 섬유 강화 플라스틱의 물성을 개선한다.The present invention improves the physical properties of fiber-reinforced plastics by combining a thermosetting composite material having excellent rigidity but low impact strength and a thermoplastic composite material having relatively low stiffness but high impact strength.
열가소성 플라스틱의 겉면에 열경화성 플라스틱을 결합시킴으로써, 뛰어난 강성(Stiffness)을 갖는 외부와, 높은 충격강도(Impact resistance)를 갖는 내부 구조를 지닌 플라스틱을 제조한다.By bonding the thermosetting plastic to the outer surface of the thermoplastic plastic, a plastic having an external structure having excellent stiffness and an internal structure having high impact resistance is manufactured.
강성(Stiffness)과 내충격성(Impact resistance)이 모두 강화된 섬유 강화 플라스틱 제조 가능Fiber-reinforced plastics with both stiffness and impact resistance can be manufactured
도 1은 본 발명의 물성이 강화된 섬유 강화 플라스틱의 제조과정을 순차적으로 도시한 순서도이다.
도 2는 본 발명품의 구조도이다.
도 3은 사출성형을 통해 제조된 열가소성 플라스틱이다.
도 4는 열가소성 플라스틱 패널 위에 탄소섬유 직물(Carbon fiber woven fabric)이 적층(Lay-up) 된 상태이다.
도 5는 열가소성 플라스틱과 열경화성 플라스틱이 결합된 플라스틱 패널이다.1 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a manufacturing process of a fiber-reinforced plastic having reinforced physical properties of the present invention.
2 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
3 is a thermoplastic plastic manufactured through injection molding.
4 is a state in which a carbon fiber woven fabric is laminated (Lay-up) on a thermoplastic plastic panel.
5 is a plastic panel in which a thermoplastic plastic and a thermosetting plastic are combined.
해당 발명은 섬유 강화 플라스틱의 물성 향상을 위한 것으로, 열가소성 플라스틱과 열경화성 플라스틱을 결합한다.The present invention is to improve the physical properties of fiber-reinforced plastics, and combines a thermoplastic plastic and a thermosetting plastic.
본 명세서에서 '외부' 또는 '내부' 라는 용어는 관찰자의 시점에서 설정된 상대적인 개념으로, 관찰자의 시점이 달라지면, '외부'가 '내부'를 의미할 수도 있고, '내부'가 '외부'를 의미할 수도 있다.As used herein, the term 'outside' or 'inside' is a relative concept set from the viewpoint of the observer. You may.
도 3의 플라스틱 패널은 탄소섬유 강화 열가소성 플라스틱으로, 탄소섬유로 만들어진 LFT(Long fiber thermoplastic) 을 이용하여 사출(Injection) 성형을 통해 만들어진다. LFT 제조시 사용되는 열가소성 수지(Resin) 는 열경화성 수지의 경화온도인 130℃ 보다 녹는점이 높은 나일론을 사용하였다. 도 3의 플라스틱 패널은 하나의 예시일 뿐, 다른 종류의 열가소성 플라스틱도 가능하며 형태 역시 평면패널이 아닌 다양한 모양이 될 수 있다.The plastic panel of FIG. 3 is a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic plastic, and is made by injection molding using LFT (Long fiber thermoplastic) made of carbon fiber. As the thermoplastic resin (Resin) used in manufacturing the LFT, nylon with a melting point higher than 130°C, which is the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin, was used. The plastic panel of FIG. 3 is only an example, and other types of thermoplastic plastics are also possible, and the shape may also be a variety of shapes other than a flat panel.
도 3의 열가소석 플라스틱을 이형 필름(Release fimlm)이 깔려진 알루미늄 몰드위에 위치시킨 후, 도 4와 같이 탄소섬유 직물을 적층한다. 경우에 따라, 에폭시 수지가 미리 함침된 탄소섬유 프리프레그(Prepreg) 직물을 사용할 수 있다. 본 발명에서 탄소섬유의 적층을 위한 방법으로 핸드레이업(Hand lay-up)법이 사용되었으며 프레스(Press) 혹은 자동 적층 장비의 도움을 받을 수도 있다. 탄소섬유 직물은 하나의 예시일 뿐, 유리섬유 직물 혹은 프리프레그, 아라미드 섬유 직물 혹은 프리프레그 등 다른 종류의 복합재료 중간재 역시 사용가능하다. 원하는 두께의 외부 표면을 만들기 위해 직물을 여러장 적층할 수 있다. 직물 1장당 0.25T 의 두께를 가진 열경화성 플라스틱 표면이 만들어진다.After the thermoplastic plastic of FIG. 3 is placed on an aluminum mold coated with a release film (Release fimlm), a carbon fiber fabric is laminated as shown in FIG. 4 . In some cases, a carbon fiber prepreg fabric pre-impregnated with an epoxy resin may be used. In the present invention, a hand lay-up method is used as a method for laminating carbon fibers, and a press or automatic lamination equipment may be used. Carbon fiber fabric is just one example, and other types of composite material intermediate materials such as glass fiber fabric or prepreg, aramid fiber fabric or prepreg may also be used. Multiple layers of fabric can be laminated to create an outer surface of the desired thickness. A thermosetting plastic surface with a thickness of 0.25T per fabric is made.
적층된 탄소섬유 직물위에 열경화성 에폭시 수지를 도포(Spray)한다. 프리프레그 사용시에는 프리프레그에 사용된 에폭시와 같은 종류의 에폭시를 도포한다. 에폭시의 도포 후, 다시 핸드레이업(Hand lay-up) 혹은 유압프레스(Hydraulic press) 를 통해, 에폭시 수지가 직물에 잘 함침될 수 있도록 한다. 해당 열가소성 플라스틱+탄소섬유+에폭시의 결합체를 이후 복합재로 명칭한다. A thermosetting epoxy resin is applied (Spray) on the laminated carbon fiber fabric. When using a prepreg, apply the same type of epoxy as the epoxy used for the prepreg. After the epoxy is applied, again by hand lay-up or hydraulic press, the epoxy resin can be well impregnated into the fabric. The combination of the thermoplastic plastic + carbon fiber + epoxy is hereinafter referred to as a composite material.
적층된 복합재 위에 브리더(Breather fabric)와 배깅 필름(Bagging film)을 올린 후, 실란트 테이프(Sealant tape)로 틈새를 막는다. 진공펌프를 이용하여 배깅 필름 안을 진공으로 만든 후, 진공이 유지될수 있도록 패킹(Packing)한다. 패킹이 된 해당 복합재룔 진공오븐(Vacuum oven) 성형을 통해 경화시킨다. 오토클레이브(Autoclave) 성형, 인퓨전(Infusion) 성형 등 다른 방법을 사용할수도 있다. 이 때, 초기 1시간 동안 에폭시 수지의 경화온도인 130℃ 를 유지한 다음, 해당 열가소성 플라스틱(여기서는 나일론)의 유리전이온도(Glass transition temperature)보다 낮은 온도(여기서는 90℃)를 유지한다. 해당 온도가 유지된 상태에서 6시간동안 경화시킨다.(사용되는 에폭시 수지의 종류에 따라 경화시간은 조절될수 있다.)After placing a breather fabric and a bagging film on the laminated composite, the gap is closed with a sealant tape. After making a vacuum inside the bagging film using a vacuum pump, it is packed so that the vacuum can be maintained. The packed composite material is cured through vacuum oven molding. Other methods such as autoclave molding or infusion molding may be used. At this time, the curing temperature of the epoxy resin, 130° C., is maintained for an initial hour, and then the temperature (here, 90° C.) lower than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic plastic (here, nylon) is maintained. Curing for 6 hours while maintaining the temperature. (Cure time can be adjusted depending on the type of epoxy resin used.)
경화 후, 열가소성 플라스틱과 열경화성 플라스틱이 결합된 복합재 도 5가 만들어진다.After curing, the composite material FIG. 5 is made in which the thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics are combined.
열가소성 플라스틱과 열경화성 플라스틱이 결합된 복합재료는 강성이 향상된 외부와 충격강도가 향상된 내부 구조를 가지고 있어서 높은 내충격성이 요구되는 자동차 산업에서 널리 사용될 수 있는 재료이다.Composite materials in which thermoplastic plastics and thermosetting plastics are combined have an exterior with improved rigidity and an internal structure with improved impact strength, so they can be widely used in the automotive industry where high impact resistance is required.
강판(Steel panel)은 높은 충격강도의 이점으로 인해 자동차 산업에서 주로 사용되는 소재이나, 높은 연비를 위해 자동차를 경량화하려는 추세에는 적합하지 않는 재료이다. 강판과 열경화성 플라스틱의 장점을 극대화하기 위해, 이종재료를 결합하려는 시도가 있으나, 이 경우 경량성이라는 플라스틱의 장점을 살릴 수 없게 된다.Steel panel is a material mainly used in the automobile industry due to its high impact strength, but it is not suitable for the trend of lightening automobiles for high fuel efficiency. In order to maximize the advantages of the steel sheet and the thermosetting plastic, there is an attempt to combine different materials, but in this case, the advantage of the plastic such as lightness cannot be utilized.
물성이 강화된 복합재료 플라스틱은 컨테이너 박스 제조와 같은 분야에도 활용될수 있으며 수송업 및 운송업의 발전에 기여할수 있다.Composite plastics with enhanced physical properties can be used in fields such as container box manufacturing and can contribute to the development of transportation and transportation industries.
100 : 열가소성 플라스틱 준비
200 : 열경화성 섬유보강재 적층
300 : 경화 과정(Curing process)
10 : 열경화성 플라스틱
20 : 열가소성 플라스틱100: Thermoplastic preparation
200: laminated thermosetting fiber reinforcement
300: curing process (Curing process)
10: thermosetting plastic
20: Thermoplastic
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Citations (5)
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| KR20030029438A (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-14 | 김영곤 | Toilet odor drain system with soundproof plate and anti-wind terminal |
| KR20130006653A (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2013-01-17 | 바스프 에스이 | Method for producing polyether polyols |
| KR20160129154A (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-09 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing the same |
| KR20180078258A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2018-07-09 | 로레인 카운티 커뮤니티 칼리지 이노베이션 파운데이션 | Wound treatment devices and methods |
| JP2019144058A (en) | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-29 | テンパール工業株式会社 | Insertion type connection unit |
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2021
- 2021-01-24 KR KR1020210009805A patent/KR20220107101A/en not_active Ceased
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| KR20030029438A (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-14 | 김영곤 | Toilet odor drain system with soundproof plate and anti-wind terminal |
| KR20130006653A (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2013-01-17 | 바스프 에스이 | Method for producing polyether polyols |
| KR20160129154A (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-09 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing the same |
| KR20180078258A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2018-07-09 | 로레인 카운티 커뮤니티 칼리지 이노베이션 파운데이션 | Wound treatment devices and methods |
| JP2019144058A (en) | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-29 | テンパール工業株式会社 | Insertion type connection unit |
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