KR20220083545A - Server that manages the quality of fruit using a corrected spectrum that attenuates the absorption rate according to the o-h functional group in the near-infrared spectrum and its operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A server for managing the quality of fruits using a corrected spectrum in which absorption rates according to O-H functional groups are attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum may include: at least one processor; and a memory for storing instructions (isntructions) instructing the at least one processor to perform at least one step, wherein the at least one step includes harvest-related information and quality-related information from the seller terminal. receiving; generating fruit identification information based on the harvest-related information; generating quality grade information of fruit based on the harvest-related information and the quality-related information; and transmitting the quality grade information of the specific fruit when receiving a quality grade information request message for the specific fruit from the seller terminal, wherein the generating of the quality grade information of the fruit includes: convolving an attenuation function on the spectral function; obtaining, as a result of the convolution, a corrected spectral function obtained by attenuating the absorption rate according to the O-H band indicating the absorption rate band by the O-H functional group in the near-infrared spectrum; and correcting the sugar content and the acidity measured in the fruit to be destroyed based on the correction spectrum function, wherein the value of the attenuation function is the minimum in the O-H band among the wavelength bands in which the near-infrared spectrum is obtained. Absorption rate, a first absorption rate preset in the remaining band, wherein the first absorption rate is a value such that a value obtained by integrating a result of the convolution between the attenuation function and the spectral function in the wavelength band range becomes 1, The O-H band may include 1414 to 1428 (nm) and 1916 to 1942 (nm).

Description

A server that manages the quality of fruit using a correction spectrum that attenuates the absorption rate according to the O-H functional group in the near-infrared spectrum and its operation method IN THE NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRUM AND ITS OPERATION METHOD}

The present invention relates to a server for managing the quality of fruits and an operating method thereof, and more particularly, to a server for managing the quality of fruits using a corrected spectrum obtained by attenuating absorption rates according to O-H functional groups in a near-infrared spectrum and an operating method thereof. it's about

Recently, as electronic commerce of agricultural products is rapidly increasing due to the promotion of agricultural informatization business, the need for new agricultural products distribution and logistics technology is gradually increasing, and the need for standardization-grading of agricultural products is growing in the diversified Gwangri distribution environment.

However, since the difference in quality and merchandising of fruits is much more diverse than that of other product categories, the quality is likely to change depending on the time of shipment.

Factors affecting the quality of fruits include sugar content, acidity, external color (browning degree), moisture content, and density. ) is publicly available, but the seller's discretionary decision-making process had to be followed to determine the quality grade reflecting consumer preferences as it simply displays measured values such as sugar content, acidity, moisture content, and degree of withering.

Accordingly, it is necessary to measure and objectify factors affecting the quality of fruits, and to study a method for a standardized quality determination method.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a server for managing the quality of fruits using a corrected spectrum in which the absorption rate according to the O-H functional group is attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum.

One aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object provides a server for managing the quality of fruits using a corrected spectrum in which the absorption rate according to the O-H functional group is attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum.

The server for managing the quality of the fruit, at least one processor (processor); and a memory for storing instructions instructing the at least one processor to perform at least one step.

The at least one step may include: receiving harvest-related information, quality-related information, and a near-infrared spectrum measured using a near-infrared spectrometer from the seller terminal; generating fruit identification information based on the harvest-related information; generating quality grade information of fruit based on the harvest-related information and the quality-related information; and when receiving a quality grade information request message for at least one fruit from the seller terminal, transmitting the quality grade information on the at least one fruit.

The quality-related information may include at least one of sugar content, acidity, browning, and hardness information.

The quality grade information of the fruit may be derived by reflecting a weight in a numerical value standardized by comparing the measured value of each element of the quality related information with predetermined reference quality related information for each fruit.

The harvest-related information may include at least one of a type of fruit, unique identification information of a harvesting farmer, a harvesting farmer, a harvesting area, a harvesting time, and a harvesting time.

The predetermined reference quality-related information for each fruit may include at least one of an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value of the quality-related information according to the type of fruit received from the external server.

The quality grade information may display a lowest grade when at least one of the sugar content and acidity ratio, browning degree, and hardness information is less than or equal to a specific threshold.

The quality-related information may be received from a quality measuring device including at least one of a near-infrared spectroscopic measuring unit and a hardness measuring unit.

The sugar content and the acidity of the fruit to be destroyed among the at least one fruit may be measured by directly taking a sample of the fruit to be destroyed using a sugar meter and an acidity meter, respectively.

The generating of the quality grade information of the fruit includes correcting the sugar content and the acidity measured in the fruit to be destroyed using the near-infrared spectrum at the same time and at the same farm as the fruit to be destroyed among the at least one fruit. It may include determining the sugar content and the acidity of the produced first fruit of the same kind.

The generating of the quality grade information of the fruit may include obtaining a corrected spectral function in which the absorption rate according to the O-H band is attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum by convolving an attenuation function with the spectral function of the near-infrared spectrum. can

The O-H band may include 1414 to 1428 (nm), 1916 to 1942 (nm), and 1980 to 2000 (nm).

Another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object provides a method of operating a server for managing the quality of fruit.

The method of operating a server for managing the quality of fruits includes: receiving harvest-related information, quality-related information, and a near-infrared spectrum measured using a near-infrared spectrometer from a seller terminal; generating fruit identification information based on the harvest-related information; generating quality grade information of fruit based on the harvest-related information and the quality-related information; and when receiving a quality rating information request message for at least one fruit from the seller terminal, transmitting the quality rating information of the at least one fruit.

The quality-related information may include at least one of sugar content, acidity, browning, and hardness information.

The quality grade information of the fruit may be derived by reflecting a weight on a numerical value standardized by comparing the measured value of each element of the quality related information with predetermined reference quality related information for each fruit.

The harvest-related information may include at least one of a type of fruit, unique identification information of a harvesting farmer, a harvesting farmer, a harvesting area, a harvesting time, and a harvesting time.

The predetermined reference quality-related information for each fruit may include at least one of an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value of quality-related information according to the type of fruit received from the external server.

The quality grade information may display a lowest grade when at least one of the sugar content and acidity ratio, browning degree, and hardness information is less than or equal to a specific threshold.

The sugar content and the acidity of the fruit to be destroyed among the at least one fruit may be measured by directly taking a sample of the fruit to be destroyed using a sugar meter and an acidity meter, respectively.

The generating of the quality grade information of the fruit includes correcting the sugar content and the acidity measured in the fruit to be destroyed using the near-infrared spectrum at the same time and at the same farm as the fruit to be destroyed among the at least one fruit. It may include determining the sugar content and the acidity of the produced first fruit of the same kind.

The generating of the quality grade information of the fruit may include obtaining a corrected spectral function in which the absorption rate according to the O-H band is attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum by convolving an attenuation function with the spectral function of the near-infrared spectrum. can

The O-H band may include 1414 to 1428 (nm), 1916 to 1942 (nm), and 1980 to 2000 (nm).

In the case of using a server for managing the quality of fruit and an operating method thereof using a corrected spectrum in which the absorption rate according to the O-H functional group is attenuated in the near-infrared spectrum according to the present invention as described above, the seller is the fruit's sugar content, acidity, moisture, and wilting degree Appropriate quality information can be provided based on information such as , browning degree, etc., and the buyer can be provided with reliable quality information.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an environment in which a server for managing fruit quality according to an embodiment of the present invention operates.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which the server for managing the quality of fruit according to FIG. 1 manages the quality of the fruit.
3 is a detailed flowchart of S300 of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a method for the server for managing the quality of the fruit according to FIG. 1 to attenuate the absorption rate according to the OH band in the near-infrared spectrum.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a method in which the server for managing the quality of fruit according to FIG. 1 corrects sugar content and acidity based on a near-infrared spectrum.
6A to 6C are exemplary views for explaining a screen provided by the seller terminal of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 7 is a hardware configuration diagram of a server for managing fruit quality according to FIG. 1 .
8 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system that can be applied in a communication process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram illustrating a base station in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 .
10 is a diagram illustrating a terminal in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 .
11 is a diagram illustrating a communication interface in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 .

Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In describing each figure, like reference numerals have been used for like elements.

Terms such as first, second, A, and B may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component. and/or includes a combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When an element is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another element, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is said that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an environment in which a server for managing fruit quality according to an embodiment of the present invention operates.

The system for managing the quality of fruits including the server 100 for managing the quality of fruits shown in FIG. 1 (hereinafter may be referred to as a quality control server) includes the quality control server 100, one or more seller terminals. 200 , one or more quality-related information measuring devices 300 , or an external server 400 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit communicates with one or more seller terminals 200 , determines the quality grade information of the received fruit, and selects the fruit classified according to the harvest location, harvest time, etc. Manage quality level information. More specifically, a plurality of quality-related information 10 may be obtained from the seller terminal 200 . The plurality of quality-related information may include at least one of information about sugar content, acidity, hardness, browning, weight, size, and wilting degree of the fruit. In addition, the server 100 managing the quality of the fruit may receive the harvest-related information 20 from the seller terminal 200 . The harvest-related information 20 may include at least one of a type of fruit, unique identification information of a harvesting farm, a harvesting farmer, a harvesting area, a harvesting time, and a harvesting time.

The one or more seller terminals 200 may function as a medium for inputting harvest-related information 20 to the quality management server 100 by being connected to the server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit. In addition, the seller terminal 200 may map the harvest-related information 20 and the quality-related information 30 and transmit it to the server 100 that manages the quality.

For example of the seller terminal 200, a communication capable desktop computer (desktop computer), a laptop computer (laptop computer), a notebook (notebook), a smart phone (smart phone), a tablet PC (tablet PC), a mobile phone (mobile phone) ), smart watch, smart glass, e-book reader, PMP (portable multimedia player), portable game console, navigation device, digital camera, DMB (digital multimedia broadcasting) It may be a player, a digital audio recorder, a digital audio player, a digital video recorder, a digital video player, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like.

In addition, the seller terminal 200 may include a mobile device including a smart phone or a wearable device (wearable device, worn electronic device). The wearable device is attached to a user's body and serves to transmit user information to a temperature control device. The wearable device may be in the form of an attachable glasses type, a bracelet type, an armband type, a pendant type, or the like.

The seller terminal 200 includes a plurality of quality-related information 10 obtained from one or more quality-related information measuring devices 300, and quality grade information 40 of a specific fruit received from the server 100 for managing quality. It may include a display unit for displaying In addition, the display unit may include a touch panel through which the user can input information using a finger or a touch pen.

The seller terminal 200 may request the quality level information 40 of the fruits harvested at a specific harvest farm at a specific harvest time from the server 100 that manages the quality. The seller terminal 200 may display on the display unit a screen for selecting the harvest time and information on the harvesting farmhouse in order to inquire the quality grade information possessed by the quality management server 100 .

The quality-related information measuring apparatus 300 may measure factors affecting the quality of fruits. Factors affecting the quality of the fruit may include, for example, sugar content, acidity, color, hardness, appearance, weight, size, freshness (degree of wilting), gas composition in the package, breathing pattern, and the like. The quality-related measuring device 300 may include a saccharometer, an acidity meter, a scale, a hardness meter, a gas collection device, ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), an X-ray transmission type device, a transmitted light type device, and the like.

On the other hand, although saccharimeters and acidimeters have high accuracy, they measure the sugar content or acidity by directly collecting a sample of the fruit, thereby causing damage to the fruit and greatly impairing the commercial properties of the fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the use of a sugar content meter and an acidity meter for the purpose of controlling the quality of fruits.

Accordingly, in an embodiment of the present invention, the seller terminal 200 uses the quality-related information measuring device 300 to measure the sugar content and acidity of the fruit to be destroyed selected for each type of fruit as the quality-related information 10 . can be received as In this case, as the target of destruction, at least one may be selected for each type of fruit from among a plurality of fruits in which the harvesting time of the fruit and the harvesting farmhouse coincide. Here, as the number of fruits to be destroyed is minimized, it is possible to prevent damage to the marketability, but a problem of lowering the measurement accuracy of sugar content and acidity may occur.

In order to solve this problem, the apparatus 300 for measuring quality-related information in an embodiment of the present invention may include a non-destructive quality measuring apparatus for correcting sugar content and acidity. For example, the non-destructive quality measuring device measures the near-infrared spectrum 50 for correcting the sugar content and acidity measured in the fruit to be destroyed by irradiating the fruit with near-infrared rays and receiving the light emitted through the fruit from the opposite side of the subject. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) may be included. In addition, it may include at least one of an RGB camera unit capable of measuring the surface color of the subject, and a striking sound measuring unit capable of measuring the withering (freshness) by measuring the striking sound of the subject.

The server 100 for managing the quality receives the quality-related information 10 , the harvest-related information 20 , and the near-infrared spectrum 50 from the seller terminal 200 , and uses the received near-infrared spectrum 50 for quality The related information 10 may be corrected, and the quality grade information 40 may be determined based on the corrected quality related information 10 and the reference quality related information 30 for each fruit received from the external server 400 .

The reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include at least one of an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value of the quality-related information according to the type of fruit. For example, in the case of information related to the standard quality of sugar content for an apple, the average value may include 13.5 brix, the maximum value 15.9 brix, and the minimum value 11.4 brix. In addition, the reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include a weight reflecting consumer preference for the quality-related information of the fruit. For example, a value obtained by deriving weights for sugar content, acidity, color, hardness, etc. may be included by reflecting the importance of factors for evaluating the quality of fruit before/after purchasing the fruit.

The external server 400 may include a server such as an external research institution or a public institution that manages the quality of fruits, measures the quality-related information, converts it into a database, and manages it. For example, the external server 400 may include servers such as the Korea Rural Economic Research Institute and the Rural Development Administration. In addition, the reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include quality-related information for each fruit item uploaded at regular intervals from the research institute or the like. For example, the standard quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include average values, maximum values, minimum values, etc. for sugar content, acidity, weight, size, etc. of fruits distributed monthly at the Korea Rural Economic Research Institute Agricultural Observation Information Center. .

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which the server for managing the quality of the fruit according to FIG. 1 manages the quality of the fruit.

As described above, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit utilizes the quality-related information 10 received from the seller terminal 200 and the reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit received from the external server 400 . Thus, the quality level information 40 may be generated.

The server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may receive the harvest-related information 20 , the quality-related information 10 , and the near-infrared spectrum 50 from the seller terminal 200 ( S100 ). The harvest-related information 30 may include at least one of a type of fruit, unique identification information of a harvesting farmer, a harvesting farmer, a harvesting area, a harvesting time, and a harvesting time. In addition, the quality-related information 10 is element information that affects the quality of the fruit received by the seller terminal 200 from the quality-related information measuring device 300 , and includes sugar content, acidity, color, hardness, appearance, and weight. , size, freshness (degree of wilting), gas composition in the package, and may include at least one of a breathing pattern.

The server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may generate fruit identification information based on the received harvest-related information (S200). The fruit identification information may be generated based on the type of fruit (eg, apple, pear, orange, tangerine, grape, etc.), harvest time, and unique identification information of the harvesting farmhouse.

Thereafter, the server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit may generate the fruit quality grade information 40 based on the quality related information 10 ( S300 ). A detailed process for generating the quality level information 40 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3 .

The server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may transmit the quality grade information of the specific fruit when receiving the quality grade information request message of the specific fruit including the fruit identification information of the specific fruit from the seller terminal 200 (S400) ). The fruit identification information of the specific fruit may be determined based on the type of fruit, harvest time, and harvest farmhouse information input by the seller in the seller terminal 200 .

3 is a flowchart illustrating S300 of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may generate an average value for each quality-related information of a specific fruit received from the seller terminal 200 ( S310 ). The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit may generate an average value for a plurality of quality-related information that matches one piece of harvest-related information received from the seller terminal 200 . For example, if Farm A receives information such as sugar content, acidity, hardness, weight, color (RGB value), quality-related information about 300 apples harvested in period B, each quality-related information such as sugar content and acidity , hardness, weight, etc. can be generated.

The server 100 that manages the quality of fruit may obtain information related to the standard quality of each fruit from an external server (S320). The reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include at least one of an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value of the quality-related information according to the type of fruit. For example, in the case of information related to the standard quality of sugar content for apples, the average value may include 13.5 brix, the maximum value 15.9 brix, and the minimum value 11.4 brix. In addition, the reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit may include a weight reflecting consumer preference for the quality-related information of the fruit.

The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit may determine a sub-item quality grade for each quality-related information (S330). More specifically, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may set a quality grade for each sub-item of each quality-related information, and the standard for the quality grade for each sub-item is based on the standard quality-related information 30 for each fruit. can be decided. For example, the grade section may be set in consideration of the average value, the maximum value, and the minimum value of the sugar content of apples harvested at a certain time included in the reference quality-related information 30 for each fruit. For example, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may set the grade section to 5 sections and give grades A, B, C, D, and E. Accordingly, the server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit may determine the grade of the sugar content of the apples harvested at a certain time as the 'B' grade. In addition, the reference quality related information 30 for each fruit is received from the external server 300 and may be different for each type of fruit, each season, and each harvest time. The external server includes servers such as external research institutes and public institutions that manage fruit quality, measure and manage quality-related information into a database, and small items for each element of fruit quality-related information based on a public credible database You can determine the quality level.

The server 100 for managing fruit quality may determine the quality grade information 40 based on the sub-item grade and weight value for each quality-related information (S340). The server 100 for managing fruit quality may quantify the sub-item grade for each element of quality-related information. The quantified sub-item grade score may be determined based on the number of elements of quality-related information considered for determining the quality grade information. For example, when there are five elements of quality-related information considered for determining the quality information, the sub-item grade score for each element may be determined based on 0-20 points. In addition, in the case of the server 100 managing the fruit quality, a score for determining the overall quality grade information may be derived by assigning a weight value to the numerical value. A method of calculating a score for determining the quality level information is as shown in Equation 1 below.

The weight may be initially predetermined as a specific value input by the user through the seller terminal, and thereafter, the weight value may be changed while the sum of the weights is maintained at 1 or 100 (%). In addition, a weight value reflecting the consumer's preference may be reflected with respect to the fruit quality related information included in the reference quality related information 30 for each fruit received from the external server 400 . For example, when the importance of consumer preference for sugar content, sugar-acidity ratio, hardness, and browning degree is 35%, 30%, 25%, or 10% in the factors determining the quality of apples, this You can change the weight value.

The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit may determine the quality grade information based on Q, which is a score for the quality grade information. The quality management server 100 may determine the quality level information based on a predetermined interval reference value. When the score Q for the quality class information corresponds to n predetermined values of the section, it can be determined as the class information of the section. Also, the values of the n sections may be changed according to a certain standard.

In more detail, when classifying into n sections to determine quality class information, and determining that the threshold values for each section are Th ₁ , Th ₂ , Th ₃ , Th ₄ , ..., Th _n-1 , When the score Q for the quality level information corresponds to Th _a < Q ≤ Th _b , the quality level information may be expressed as Qb. In this case, when b=1, it can be expressed as Q1, and when a is n-1, it can be expressed as Qn. For example, if it is divided into 7 sections and the threshold value of each section is set to 43,50,71,79,81,88, if the score Q for the quality class information is 85, the quality class information is Q2 can be determined as

In addition, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may display the lowest grade when at least one of the sugar content, acidity, sugar content and acidity ratio, browning degree, and hardness information is less than or equal to a specific threshold. In addition, when judging based on the quality-related information 10 , when the proportion of the fruit with defects is greater than or equal to a certain proportion, the lowest quality grade information may be determined and a warning message may be displayed. For example, when judging based on factors such as color, hardness, appearance, weight, size, and freshness (degree of wilting), if a large number of different varieties are included, if there are more than a certain part of spoilage, deterioration, immature, pests, etc. The lowest quality grade information may be determined.

4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a method for the server managing the quality of the fruit according to FIG. 1 to attenuate the absorption rate according to the O-H band in the near-infrared spectrum.

The near-infrared spectrometer measuring the near-infrared spectrum 50 excites the molecules constituting the object to a higher energy state when infrared is irradiated to the object. Absorbing infrared rays when doing so takes advantage of the tendency to increase the amplitude of vibrational motion of intramolecular bonds.

The near-infrared spectrum 50 may be obtained by one of absorbance measurement by transmission and absorbance measurement by diffuse reflection. At this time, absorbance measurement by transmission may not be appropriate to obtain a near-infrared spectrum for fruit, since it is mainly performed by vertically injecting a light source into a material such as a liquid that does not cause scattering or by powdering a solid.

The near-infrared spectrum 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a spectrum obtained by back scattering in which light transmitted into an object returns to an incident direction by scattering. In the case of using the spectrum by such backscattering, since physical or chemical pretreatment is not required, the spectrum can be measured non-destructively and can be quickly measured.

4, the near-infrared spectrum 50 showing the absorbance according to the wavelength region of light between 1100 ~ 2500 nm obtained by converting the reflectance (Rm) by backscattering measured for the fruit into the absorbance (Absorbance, Am) is shown At this time, the value obtained by taking the logarithm of the reciprocal of the reflectance (Rm) was defined as the absorbance (Am), and the reflectance (Rm) by back scattering was the ratio of the reflected light to the fruit compared to the reflected light of the reference material (%), Polyethylene (PE) may be used as the reference material.

Referring to the near-infrared spectrum 50 according to FIG. 4, since the main component of the fruit consists of water (H ₂ O), the OH band showing the absorption band by the OH functional group (the functional group according to the bond between oxygen and hydrogen) ( It can be seen that the OH band) appears largely in the vicinity of 1400 nm and around 1900 nm.

That is, in the case of fruit, since the main component is water, the O-H band of the near-infrared spectrum 50 always appears large, and this is the specific component (or functional groups corresponding to the components) that affects the sugar content and acidity for each individual fruit. ) is a factor that prevents the effect of being well expressed.

In order to solve this problem, the server 100 for managing fruit quality according to an embodiment of the present invention calculates an attenuation function (fc) in a wavelength region between 1100 and 2500 nm as a spectral function (fx) of the near-infrared spectrum (50). By convolution to , the absorption rate according to the O-H band can be attenuated.

Here, the attenuation function (fc) has a first absorption rate (Ac) preset in size in the range between 1100 and 2500 (nm) obtained by the near-infrared spectrum 50, in the range between 1100 and 2500 (nm) It may have a minimum absorption rate (Amin) in the O-H band (O-H band). In this case, the first absorptance Ac may be determined to be a value that becomes 1 when the convolution result between the attenuation function fc and the spectral function fx is integrated in a wavelength region between 1100 and 2500 nm. The minimum absorption rate (Amin) may mean the smallest absorption rate among the range of 1100 to 2500 (nm) of the function fx of the near-infrared spectrum 50 obtained for the fruit. The O-H band may include 1414 to 1428 (nm), 1916 to 1942 (nm), and 1980 to 2000 (nm).

The server 100 for managing fruit quality uses a correction spectrum function (fx`) that attenuates the absorption rate according to the O-H band to calculate the sugar content and acidity included in the quality-related information 10 for each individual fruit. can be corrected

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method in which the server for managing the quality of fruit according to FIG. 1 corrects sugar content and acidity based on a near-infrared spectrum.

The server 100 for managing the quality of fruit according to an embodiment of the present invention corrects the sugar content and acidity measured by using the destruction quality measurement using a saccharimeter, an acidity meter, etc. for the fruit to be destroyed, so that the fruit to be destroyed It is possible to determine the sugar content and acidity for the same type of fruit produced at the same time and at the same time as the same.

For example, referring to FIG. 5 , in the near-infrared spectrum 50 received from the seller terminal 200 by the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit, the near-infrared spectrum measured using a near-infrared spectrometer for the fruit to be destroyed and a near-infrared spectrum measured for a first fruit of the same kind produced in the same farmhouse at the same time as the target fruit to be destroyed.

The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit obtains a reference correction spectrum function by attenuating the absorption according to the O-H band in the near-infrared spectrum measured from the fruit to be destroyed, and in the near-infrared spectrum measured from the first fruit The first corrected spectral function may be obtained by attenuating the absorption according to the O-H band. In this case, for a method of obtaining the reference corrected spectral function and the first corrected spectral function, reference may be made to the description of FIG. 4 described above.

The server 100 for managing fruit quality may pre-process each of the reference correction spectrum function and the first correction spectrum function using a second-order Savitzky-Golay 2nd derivative filter. The second-order Sabiski-Golay differential filter is suitable for analyzing the components of each band by independently distributing the effects of functional groups affecting the absorption rate. Specifically, Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures. Abraham. Savitzky and M. J. E. Golay Cite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 8, 1627-1639.

Next, the server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit sets the pre-processed reference correction spectrum function and the first correction spectrum function with k1 (k1 is a natural number greater than 1) sugar band components and k2 (k2 is greater than 1). It is possible to obtain a sugar content difference spectrum and an acidity difference spectrum by differentiating each of the acidity band components of a large natural number). Here, k1 sugar content band components measure the sugar content of a plurality of fruits to be destroyed in advance using a saccharometer, obtain a reference correction spectrum function for the fruits to be destroyed, and respond to changes in the measured sugar content It can be determined by extracting k1 bands having the largest changed absorbance from the reference correction spectrum function. In addition, k2 acidity band components correspond to changes in acidity measured after measuring acidities of a plurality of fruits to be destroyed in advance using an acidity meter, and obtaining a reference correction spectrum function for the fruits to be destroyed Therefore, it can be determined by extracting k2 bands having the largest changed absorbance from the reference correction spectrum function.

The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit determines the sugar content weight based on the sugar content difference spectrum, and applies the corrected sugar content obtained by correcting the measured sugar content of the fruit to be destroyed using the determined sugar content weight to the first fruit. It can be determined by the sugar content for

The server 100 for managing the quality of the fruit determines the acidity weight based on the acidity difference spectrum, and uses the determined acidity weight to correct the measured acidity for the fruit to be destroyed, and then applies the corrected acidity to the first fruit. It can be determined by the acidity of

For example, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit uses a multiple regression model, a partial least squares discriminant analysis, a ridge regression model, etc. based on the sugar content difference spectrum and the acidity difference spectrum. By estimating the sugar content weight and the acidity weight, the sugar content weight and the acidity weight may be determined. Partial least squares discriminant analysis is described in Alves, A., Santos, A., Rozenberg, P., Paques, L. E., Charpentier, J. P., Schwanninger, M., & Rodrigues, J. (2012). A common near infrared based partial least squares regression model for the prediction of wood density of Pinus pinaster and Larix eurolepis. Wood Science and Technology, 46(1-3): 157-175. and the like can be easily applied by those skilled in the art, so a detailed description will be omitted.

6A to 6C are exemplary views for explaining a screen provided by the seller terminal of FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIG. 6A , the seller terminal 200 may display a screen for inputting harvest-related information 20 . Here, the harvest-related information may include, for example, at least one of an item, a harvest time, a harvesting farmhouse, a producer, and a contact information. The information on the harvesting farmhouse may include the identification number of the farmhouse registered with the Rural Development Administration. When the seller terminal 200 receives the harvest-related information 20 , the input harvest-related information 20 and the quality-related information 10 received from one or more quality measuring devices 300 measure the quality of the fruit. It can be transmitted to the server 100 to manage.

Referring to FIG. 6B , the seller terminal 200 may display a screen for inquiring quality grade information of a specific fruit. The seller terminal 200 may receive item information included in the harvest-related information 20, harvest time, and harvest farmhouse information so as to inquire the quality grade information of a specific fruit. The seller terminal 200 may transmit the quality level information request message of the specific fruit including the input item information, harvest time, and harvest farm information to the quality management server 100 .

Referring to FIG. 6C , the seller terminal 200 may display quality grade information corresponding to the quality grade information request message. The seller terminal 200 may receive the quality level information from the quality management server 100 and display it on the screen. The seller terminal 200 may display the final quality grade of the specific fruit for the requested message. The final quality grade 41 may be a grade derived from a score obtained by reflecting a weight on the score for the detailed item grade 42 based on an interval value.

FIG. 7 is a hardware configuration diagram of a server for managing fruit quality according to FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIG. 7 , the server 100 for managing fruit quality includes at least one processor 110 ; and a memory 120 for storing instructions instructing the at least one processor 110 to perform at least one step.

Here, the at least one processor 110 may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods according to embodiments of the present invention are performed. can Each of the memory 120 and the storage device 160 may be configured of at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory 120 may be configured as at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

In addition, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may include a transceiver 130 for performing communication through a wireless network. In addition, the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may further include an input interface device 140 , an output interface device 150 , a storage device 160 , and the like. Each component included in the server 100 for managing the quality of fruit may be connected by a bus 170 to communicate with each other.

The at least one step may include: receiving harvest-related information and quality-related information from a seller terminal; generating fruit identification information based on the harvest-related information; generating quality grade information of fruit based on the harvest-related information and the quality-related information; and when receiving a quality grade information request message for a specific fruit from the seller terminal, transmitting the quality grade information of the specific fruit.

The quality-related information may include at least one of sugar content, acidity, browning degree, and hardness information measured using near-infrared rays.

The quality grade information of the fruit may be derived by reflecting a weight in a numerical value standardized by comparing the measured value of each element of the quality related information with predetermined reference quality related information for each fruit.

The harvest-related information may include at least one of a type of fruit, unique identification information of a harvesting farmer, a harvesting farmer, a harvesting area, a harvesting time, and a harvesting time.

The predetermined reference quality-related information for each fruit may include at least one of an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value of the quality-related information according to the type of fruit received from the external server.

The quality grade information may display a lowest grade when at least one of the sugar content and acidity ratio, browning degree, and hardness information is less than or equal to a specific threshold.

The quality-related information may be received from a quality measuring device including at least one of a near-infrared spectroscopic measuring unit and a hardness measuring unit.

The sugar content and acidity information may be derived using a partial least squares regression model with respect to the absorbance for each wavelength measured using near-infrared rays.

The quality grade information request message for the specific fruit may include at least one of item information, harvest time, and harvest farmhouse information of the specific fruit.

Hereinafter, an example of a 5G usage scenario applicable to communication between terminals or servers according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The 5G usage scenarios shown here are merely exemplary, and the technical features of the present invention can be applied to other 5G usage scenarios not shown.

The three main requirements areas for 5G are (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) area, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) area and (3) ultra-reliable and It includes the area of ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC). Some use cases may require multiple domains for optimization, while other use cases may focus on only one key performance indicator (KPI). 5G is to support these various use cases in a flexible and reliable way.

eMBB focuses on overall improvements in data rates, latency, user density, capacity and coverage of mobile broadband connections. eMBB aims for a throughput of around 10 Gbps. eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile internet access, covering rich interactive work, media and entertainment applications in the cloud or augmented reality. Data is one of the key drivers of 5G, and for the first time in the 5G era, we may not see dedicated voice services. In 5G, voice is simply expected to be processed as an application using the data connection provided by the communication system. The main reasons for the increased amount of traffic are the increase in content size and the increase in the number of applications requiring high data rates. Streaming services (audio and video), interactive video and mobile Internet connections will become more widely used as more devices connect to the Internet. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to users. Cloud storage and applications are rapidly increasing in mobile communication platforms, which can be applied to both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is a special use case that drives the growth of uplink data rates. 5G is also used for remote work on the cloud, requiring much lower end-to-end latency to maintain a good user experience when tactile interfaces are used. In entertainment, for example, cloud gaming and video streaming are another key factor increasing the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential on smartphones and tablets anywhere, including in high-mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes. Another use example is augmented reality for entertainment and information retrieval. Here, augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous amount of data.

mMTC is designed to enable communication between a large number of low-cost devices powered by batteries and is intended to support applications such as smart metering, logistics, field and body sensors. mMTC is targeting a battery life of 10 years or so and/or a million devices per square kilometer. mMTC enables seamless connectivity of embedded sensors in all fields and is one of the most anticipated 5G use cases. Potentially, by 2020, there will be 20.4 billion IoT devices. Industrial IoT is one of the areas where 5G will play a major role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and security infrastructure.

URLLC is ideal for vehicular communications, industrial control, factory automation, telesurgery, smart grid, and public safety applications by enabling devices and machines to communicate very reliably, with very low latency and with high availability. URLLC aims for a delay on the order of 1 ms. URLLC includes new services that will transform industries through ultra-reliable/low-latency links such as remote control of critical infrastructure and autonomous vehicles. This level of reliability and latency is essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, and drone control and coordination.

Next, a plurality of usage examples will be looked at in more detail.

5G could complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means of delivering streams rated from hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second. Such a high speed may be required to deliver TVs with resolutions of 4K or higher (6K, 8K and higher) as well as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). VR and AR applications almost include immersive sporting events. Certain applications may require special network settings. For VR games, for example, game companies may need to integrate core servers with network operators' edge network servers to minimize latency.

Automotive is expected to be an important new driving force for 5G, with many use cases for mobile communication to vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers requires both high capacity and high mobile broadband. The reason is that future users continue to expect high-quality connections regardless of their location and speed. Another example of use in the automotive sector is augmented reality dashboards. The augmented reality contrast board allows drivers to identify objects in the dark above what they are seeing through the front window. The augmented reality dashboard superimposes information to inform the driver about the distance and movement of objects. In the future, wireless modules will enable communication between vehicles, information exchange between vehicles and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between vehicles and other connected devices (eg, devices carried by pedestrians). Safety systems can lower the risk of accidents by guiding drivers through alternative courses of action to help them drive safer. The next step will be remote-controlled vehicles or autonomous vehicles. This requires very reliable and very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and/or between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, autonomous vehicles will perform all driving activities, allowing drivers to focus only on traffic anomalies that the vehicle itself cannot discern. The technological requirements of autonomous vehicles require ultra-low latency and ultra-fast reliability to increase traffic safety to unattainable levels for humans.

Smart cities and smart homes, referred to as smart societies, will be embedded with high-density wireless sensor networks. A distributed network of intelligent sensors will identify conditions for keeping a city or house cost- and energy-efficient. A similar setup can be performed for each household. Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms and appliances are all connected wirelessly. Many of these sensors typically require low data rates, low power and low cost. However, for example, real-time HD video may be required in certain types of devices for surveillance.

The consumption and distribution of energy, including heat or gas, is highly decentralized, requiring automated control of distributed sensor networks. Smart grids use digital information and communication technologies to interconnect these sensors to gather information and act on it. This information can include supplier and consumer behavior, enabling smart grids to improve efficiency, reliability, economics, sustainability of production and distribution of fuels such as electricity in an automated manner. The smart grid can also be viewed as another low-latency sensor network.

The health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. The communication system may support telemedicine providing clinical care from a remote location. This can help reduce barriers to distance and improve access to consistently unavailable health care services in remote rural areas. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations. A wireless sensor network based on mobile communication may provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Wiring is expensive to install and maintain. Thus, the possibility of replacing cables with reconfigurable radio links is an attractive opportunity for many industries. Achieving this, however, requires that wireless connections operate with similar delays, reliability and capacity as cables, and that their management is simplified. Low latency and very low error probability are new requirements that need to be connected with 5G.

Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobile communications that use location-based information systems to enable tracking of inventory and packages from anywhere. Logistics and freight tracking use cases typically require low data rates but require wide range and reliable location information.

Also, embodiments according to the present invention may be performed to support eXtended Reality (XR). The extended reality is a generic term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology provides only CG images of objects or backgrounds in the real world, AR technology provides virtual CG images on top of images of real objects, and MR technology is a computer that mixes and combines virtual objects in the real world. graphic technology.

MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it shows both real and virtual objects. However, there is a difference in that in AR technology, a virtual object is used in a form that complements a real object, whereas in MR technology, a virtual object and a real object are used with equal characteristics.

XR technology can be applied to HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display), mobile phone, tablet PC, laptop, desktop, TV, digital signage, etc. can be called The XR device may include the first device and/or the second device described above.

The XR device may be connected to various services through a communication network based on 5G communication or the like.

8 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system that can be applied in a communication process according to an embodiment of the present invention. 9 is a diagram illustrating a base station in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 . 10 is a diagram illustrating a terminal in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 . 11 is a diagram illustrating a communication interface in the wireless communication system according to FIG. 8 .

Hereinafter, an example of a wireless communication network system supporting communication between a server and a terminal will be described in detail. In the following description, a first node (device) may be an anchor/donor node or a centralized unit (CU) of an anchor/donor node, and a second node (device) may be an anchor/donor node or a distributed unit (DU) of a relay node. can be

As a part of a node using a radio channel in a wireless communication system, a base station (BS), a terminal, a server, and the like may be included.

A base station is a network infrastructure that provides wireless access to terminals and terminals. A base station has coverage defined as a certain geographic area according to the distance over which signals can be transmitted.

A base station is an "access point (AP)", "enodeb (eNB)", "5th generation (5G) node", "wireless point", " It may be referred to as a "transmission/reception point (TRP)".

The base station, the terminal, and the terminal may transmit and receive radio signals in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands (eg, 28 GHz, 30 GHz, 38 GHz, 60 GHz). In this case, the base station, the terminal, and the terminal may perform beamforming to improve the channel gain. Beamforming may include transmit beamforming and receive beamforming. That is, the base station, the terminal, and the terminal may impart directivity to the transmitted signal and the received signal. To this end, the base station, the terminal, and the terminal may select a serving beam through a beam discovery procedure or a beam management procedure. Thereafter, communication may be performed using a resource that is in a quasi co-located relationship with a resource carrying the serving beam.

The first antenna port and the second antenna port are considered quasi-co-located if the large-scale properties of the channel through which the symbol of the first antenna port is carried can be inferred from the channel through which the symbol of the second antenna port is carried. The large-scale attribute may include one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and spatial Rx parameters.

Hereinafter, a base station is exemplified in the above-described wireless communication system. The terms “-module”, “-unit” or “-er” used hereinafter may mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and includes hardware, software, or hardware and software. It can be implemented as a combination of

The base station may include a wireless communication interface, a backhaul communication interface, a storage unit and a controller.

The wireless communication interface performs a function of transmitting and receiving signals through a wireless channel. For example, the wireless communication interface may perform a conversion function between a baseband signal and a bit stream according to a physical layer standard of the system. For example, in data transmission, a wireless communication interface encodes and modulates a stream of transmitted bits to produce complex symbols. In addition, upon data reception, the wireless communication interface demodulates and decodes the baseband signal to reconstruct the received bit stream.

The wireless communication interface performs a function of transmitting and receiving signals through a wireless channel. For example, the wireless communication interface may perform a conversion function between a baseband signal and a bit stream according to a physical layer standard of the system. For example, in data transmission, a wireless communication interface encodes and modulates a stream of transmitted bits to produce complex symbols. In addition, upon data reception, the wireless communication interface demodulates and decodes the baseband signal to reconstruct the received bit stream.

In addition, the wireless communication interface up-converts the base band signal into a radio frequency (RF) band signal, transmits the converted signal through the antenna, and then down-converts the RF band signal received through the antenna into a base band signal. To this end, the wireless communication interface includes a transmission filter, a reception filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), It may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and the like. Also, the wireless communication interface may include a plurality of transmission/reception paths. Further, the wireless communication interface may include at least one antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements.

In terms of hardware, the wireless communication interface may include a digital unit and an analog unit, and the analog unit may include a plurality of sub-units according to operating power, operating frequency, and the like. The digital unit may be implemented with at least one processor (eg, a digital signal processor (DSP)).

The wireless communication interface transmits and receives signals as described above. Accordingly, a wireless communication interface may be referred to as a "transmitter", "receiver" or "transceiver". In addition, in the following description, transmission/reception performed through a wireless channel may be used to include processing performed in a wireless communication interface as described above.

The backhaul communication interface provides an interface for performing communication with other nodes in the network. That is, the backhaul communication interface converts the bit stream transmitted to another node, for example, another access node, another base station, a higher node or a core network from a base station converts the physical signal received from the other node into a physical signal. Convert to stream.

The storage unit stores data such as basic programs, applications, and setting information for operation of the base station. The storage unit may include a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or a combination of a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory.

The controller controls the overall operation of the base station. For example, the controller transmits and receives signals through a wireless communication interface or a backhaul communication interface. In addition, the controller writes data to the storage and reads the recorded data. The controller can perform the function of the protocol stack required by the communication standard. According to another implementation, the protocol stack may be included in a wireless communication interface. To this end, the controller may include at least one processor.

According to an embodiment, the controller may control the base station to perform an operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to various embodiments, a donor node of a wireless communication system includes at least one processor, a transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one processor, and a plurality of radio bearers for a terminal accessing the relay node. and send to the relay node a first message including first information related to the donor node regarding receive, from the relay node, a second message including second information related to the relay node regarding a plurality of radio bearers for the terminal; Data for the terminal may be transmitted to the relay node. Data may be transmitted to the terminal through a plurality of radio bearers based on the first information and the second information.

According to various embodiments, a radio bearer among a plurality of radio bearers may aggregate a plurality of radio bearers. the at least one processor is further configured to determine a radio bearer for the terminal accessing the relay node and a multi-radio bearer united by the radio bearer; Alternatively, a radio bearer for a terminal accessing the relay node may be determined.

According to various embodiments, the first message may include one or more of the following: identification of a terminal accessing the relay node; display information indicating the type of terminal accessing the relay node; information on a radio bearer of a terminal accessing a relay node; information on the radio bearer delivered by the terminal accessing the relay node; information on the tunnel established for the radio bearer between the donor node and the relay node; information on the aggregated multiple radio bearers; radio bearer mapping information; information on the address of the side of the donor node; information on the address of the relay node side; indication information corresponding to a radio bearer of a terminal accessing a relay node; indication information indicating the relay node to allocate a new address to a radio bearer for a terminal accessing the relay node; a list of address information that cannot be used by a relay node that transmits data of a radio bearer of a terminal accessing the relay node; and information related to security configuration.

According to various embodiments, the second message may include one or more of the following: identification of a terminal accessing the relay node; information on radio bearers accepted by the relay node; information on radio bearers not acknowledged by the relay node; information on radio bearers partially granted by the relay node; radio bearer mapping information; configuration information of a terminal accessing the relay node generated by the relay node; information on the address of the relay node side; and information related to security configuration.

According to various embodiments, the second message may further include information on the integrated multi-radio bearer.

According to various embodiments, the donor node may include a central unit of the donor node, and the relay node may include a distributed unit of the donor node.

According to various embodiments, a relay node of a wireless communication system includes at least one processor, a transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one processor, and a plurality of terminals accessing the relay node from a donor node. configured to receive a first message comprising first information related to a donor node regarding a radio bearer of ; transmit a second message including second information related to the relay node regarding the plurality of radio bearers to the terminal to the donor node; It is possible to receive data for the terminal from the donor node. Data may be transmitted to the terminal through a plurality of radio bearers based on the first information and the second information.

According to various embodiments, a radio bearer among a plurality of radio bearers may aggregate a plurality of radio bearers. the at least one processor is further configured to determine a radio bearer for the terminal accessing the relay node and a multi-radio bearer united by the radio bearer; Alternatively, multiple radio bearers integrated by the radio bearer may be determined.

According to various embodiments, the first message may include one or more of the following: identification of a terminal accessing the relay node; display information indicating the type of terminal accessing the relay node; information on a radio bearer of a terminal accessing a relay node; information on the radio bearer delivered by the terminal accessing the relay node; information on the tunnel established for the radio bearer between the donor node and the relay node; information on the aggregated multiple radio bearers; radio bearer mapping information; information on the address of the side of the donor node; information on the address of the relay node side; indication information corresponding to a radio bearer of a terminal accessing a relay node; indication information indicating the relay node to allocate a new address to a radio bearer for a terminal accessing the relay node; a list of address information that cannot be used by a relay node that transmits data of a radio bearer of a terminal accessing the relay node; and information related to security configuration.

According to various embodiments, the second message may include one or more of the following: identification of a terminal accessing the relay node; information on radio bearers accepted by the relay node; information on radio bearers not acknowledged by the relay node; information on radio bearers partially granted by the relay node; radio bearer mapping information; configuration information of a terminal accessing the relay node generated by the relay node; information on the address of the relay node side; and information related to security configuration.

According to various embodiments, the second message may further include information on the integrated multi-radio bearer.

According to various embodiments, the donor node may include a central unit of the donor node, and the relay node may include a distributed unit of the donor node.

Hereinafter, components of a terminal in the above-described wireless communication system are illustrated. The components of the terminal to be described below are components of a universal terminal supported by the wireless communication system, and may be merged or integrated with the components of the terminal according to the above-described contents. Contents described with reference may be interpreted as having priority. The terms “-module”, “-unit” or “-er” used below may refer to a unit that processes at least one function.

The terminal includes a communication interface, a storage unit and a controller.

The communication interface performs a function of transmitting and receiving signals through a wireless channel. For example, the communication interface performs a function of converting between a baseband signal and a bit stream according to the physical layer standard of the system. For example, in data transmission, a communication interface encodes and modulates a stream of transport bits to produce complex symbols. In addition, upon data reception, the communication interface demodulates and decodes the baseband signal to reconstruct the received bit stream. In addition, the communication interface up-converts the base band signal into an RF band signal, transmits the converted signal through the antenna, and then down-converts the RF band signal received through the antenna into a base band signal. For example, the communication interface may include a transmission filter, a reception filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). , an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the like.

Also, the communication interface may include a plurality of transmission/reception paths. Further, the communication interface may include at least one antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements. On the hardware side, the wireless communication interface may include a digital circuit and an analog circuit (eg, a radio frequency integrated circuit, RFIC). The digital circuit may be implemented by at least one processor (eg, DSP). The communication interface may include a plurality of RF chains. The communication interface may perform beamforming.

The communication interface transmits and receives signals as described above. Accordingly, a communication interface may be referred to as a "transmitter", "receiver" or "transceiver". In addition, in the following description, transmission and reception performed through a wireless channel may be used to include processing performed in a communication interface as described above.

The storage unit stores data such as basic programs, applications, and setting information for the operation of the terminal. The storage unit may include a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or a combination of a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory. In addition, the storage unit provides the stored data according to the request of the controller.

The controller controls the overall operation of the terminal. For example, the controller sends and receives signals through a communication interface. In addition, the controller writes data to the storage and reads the recorded data. The controller can perform the function of the protocol stack required by the communication standard. According to another implementation, the protocol stack may be included in the communication interface. To this end, the controller may include at least one processor or microprocessor or regenerate a part of the processor. In addition, a part of the communication interface or controller may be referred to as a communication processor (CP).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may control the terminal to perform the operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a communication interface in a wireless communication system is exemplified.

The communication interface includes encoding and modulation circuitry, digital beamforming circuitry, a plurality of transmission paths, and analog beamforming circuitry.

The encoding and modulation circuitry performs channel encoding. At least one of a low-density parity check (LDPC) code, a convolutional code, and a polar code may be used for channel encoding. The encoding and modulation circuitry generates modulation symbols by performing constellation mapping.

The digital beamforming circuit performs beamforming on a digital signal (eg, a modulation symbol). To this end, the digital beamforming circuit multiplexes the modulation symbols by the beamforming weight value. The beamforming weight may be used to change the size and phrase of a signal, and may be referred to as a “precoding matrix” or a “precoder”. The digital beamforming circuit outputs digital beamformed modulation symbols to a plurality of transmission paths. In this case, modulation symbols may be multiplexed according to a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission method, or the same modulation symbol may be provided to a plurality of transmission paths.

The plurality of transmission paths converts the digital beamformed digital signal into an analog signal. To this end, each of the plurality of transmission paths may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) calculation unit, a cyclic prefix (CP) insertion unit, a DAC, and an up-conversion unit. The CP insertion unit is for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) method and may be omitted when other physical layer methods (eg, a filter bank multi-carrier: FBMC) are applied. That is, the plurality of transmission paths provide independent signal processing processes for a plurality of streams generated through digital beamforming. However, depending on the implementation, some elements of a plurality of transmission paths may be used in common.

The analog beamforming circuit performs beamforming on an analog signal. To this end, the digital beamforming circuit multiplexes the analog signal by the beamforming weight value. Beamformed weights are used to change the size and text of the signal. More specifically, according to a connection structure between the plurality of transmission paths and the antenna, the analog beamforming circuit may be configured in various ways. For example, each of the plurality of transmission paths may be connected to one antenna array. In another example, a plurality of transmission paths may be coupled to one antenna array. In another example, the plurality of transmission paths may be adaptively coupled to one antenna array or may be coupled to two or more antenna arrays.

The methods according to the present invention may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the computer-readable medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software.

Examples of computer-readable media may include hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions may include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as at least one software module to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

In addition, the above-described method or apparatus may be implemented by combining all or part of its configuration or function, or may be implemented separately.

Although the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present invention within the scope without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as described in the claims below. You will understand that it can be done.

10: Quality-related information 20: Harvesting information
30: Information on standard quality by fruit 40: Information on quality grading
100: Server for managing the quality of fruit 200: Seller terminal
300: quality-related information measuring device 400: external server

Claims (1)

As a server that manages the quality of fruits using a corrected spectrum that attenuates absorption according to OH functional groups in the near-infrared spectrum,
at least one processor; and
a memory for storing instructions instructing the at least one processor to perform at least one step;
The at least one step is
Receiving harvest-related information, quality-related information, and a near-infrared spectrum measured using a near-infrared spectrometer from the seller's terminal;
generating fruit identification information based on the harvest-related information;
generating quality grade information of fruit based on the harvest-related information and the quality-related information; and
When receiving a quality grade information request message for at least one fruit from the seller terminal, transmitting the quality grade information of the at least one fruit;
The quality-related information is
contains at least one of sugar content, acidity, sugar content and acidity ratio, browning degree, and hardness information;
The quality grade information of the fruit is,
The actual value for each element of the quality-related information is derived by reflecting the weight in the standardized numerical value by comparing the predetermined standard quality-related information for each fruit,
The step of generating the quality grade information of the fruit comprises:
convolving an attenuation function with a spectral function according to the near-infrared spectrum;
obtaining, as a result of the convolution, a corrected spectral function obtained by attenuating the absorption rate according to the OH band indicating the absorption rate band by the OH functional group in the near-infrared spectrum; and
Comprising the step of correcting the sugar content and the acidity measured in the target fruit based on the correction spectrum function,
The value of the attenuation function is a minimum absorption rate in the OH band among the wavelength bands in which the near-infrared spectrum is obtained, and a preset first absorption rate in the remaining bands,
The first absorptivity is a value such that a value obtained by integrating the result of the convolution between the attenuation function and the spectral function in the wavelength band range becomes 1,
The OH band is
Servers for managing the quality of fruits, including 1414 to 1428 (nm) and 1916 to 1942 (nm).

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