KR20220020136A - Photovoltaic module and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell unit for converting solar energy into electrical energy; a front protection unit for selectively passing and reflecting light while protecting the solar cell unit from the front of the solar cell unit; and a rear member positioned at the rear of the solar cell unit, wherein the front protection unit includes a first front member, a color film positioned behind the first front member, and a second second positioned behind the color film. It includes a front member.

Description

Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a solar cell module having improved aesthetics by using a color film.

In the case of a conventional solar cell module, since a transparent front protection member such as glass is generally used, solar cells, ribbons, busbars, etc. can be identified with the naked eye, and there is a limitation in that aesthetics is insufficient for use as a building exterior material.

In order to overcome this limitation, a glass coating technology as disclosed in US Patent Publication No. US2015-0249424A1 that can implement various colors by applying a color to the glass provided in front of the solar cell has been developed.

That is, efforts have been made to enhance aesthetics by selectively reflecting light of a specific wavelength band and transmitting light in the remaining wavelength band, thereby hiding solar cells, ribbons, bus bars, and the like.

However, when the colored glass is enlarged, it is difficult to realize a uniform color, and there is a problem in that the cost is excessively increased.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module capable of increasing the area by using a color film and responding to various sizes.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module capable of producing various colors using a color film.

In addition, even if a thin color film is used, the purpose is to prevent the film from being wrinkled or wrinkled during the laminating process to prevent deterioration of aesthetics.

A solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell unit for converting solar energy into electrical energy; a front protection unit for selectively passing and reflecting light while protecting the solar cell unit from the front of the solar cell unit; and a rear member positioned at the rear of the solar cell unit, wherein the front protection unit includes a first front member, a color film positioned behind the first front member, and a second second positioned behind the color film. It includes a front member.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an economical, large-area color solar cell module.

In addition, even when a thin film is used, it is possible to prevent deterioration of aesthetics due to crying of the film, so that economical efficiency and aesthetics can be satisfied at the same time.

1 is an enlarged view illustrating a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged view illustrating a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module including a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below and may be embodied in other forms. And, in the drawings, the length, thickness, etc. of layers and regions may be exaggerated for convenience. Like reference numbers refer to like elements throughout.

1 is an enlarged view showing a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a part of a cross-section of a solar cell module including a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell panel 10 , a frame 20 coupled to an edge of the solar cell panel 10 , and sealing the edge of the solar cell panel 10 . Includes a sealing portion 30 for.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the solar cell panel 10 will be described.

The solar cell panel 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a front protection unit 100 , 200 , and 300 , and a solar cell unit 400 positioned behind the front protection unit and including a solar cell 410 . and a rear member 500 positioned at the rear of the solar cell unit 400, between the front protection unit and the solar cell unit 400, and between the solar cell unit 400 and the rear member 500 ) includes an encapsulant 600 positioned between.

The front protection units 100 , 200 , and 300 are provided on the rear of the first front member 100 , the color film 200 positioned at the rear of the first front member 100 , and the color film 200 . and a second front member 300 positioned thereon. The front protection part may include an encapsulant 600 positioned between the first front member 100 and the color film 200 and between the color film 200 and the second front member 300 . there is.

Here, the front means the direction in which the sun light is incident, that is, the direction in which the light source exists.

The solar cell unit 400 converts solar light energy into electrical energy to generate electrical energy, and includes a plurality of solar cells. As the solar cell, a crystalline solar cell, an amorphous solar cell, a thin film solar cell, a dye-sensitized solar cell, an organic solar cell, etc. may be used, and the type and size are not particularly limited.

Front protection units 100, 200, and 300 for protecting the solar cell unit 400 are provided in front of the solar cell unit 400, and the front protection units 100, 200, 300 include the first front member 100 and the collar It includes a film 200 and a second front member 300 . The front protection units 100 , 200 , and 300 selectively pass and reflect light while protecting the solar cell unit from the front of the solar cell unit 400 .

Hereinafter, the front protection units 100 , 200 , and 300 will be described in the order of the second front member 300 , the color film 200 , and the first front member 100 from the side closer to the solar cell unit 400 . .

The second front member 300 is provided in front of the solar cell. The second front member 300 should have a thickness and strength that does not deform its shape during lamination while having a high transmittance of sunlight required for photovoltaic power generation. That is, if the thickness is too thin and the surface is wrinkled during lamination, it cannot be used as the first front member. Glass, polycarbonate, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) may be used as the first front member.

When glass is used as the second front member 300 , low iron tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, general plate glass, etc. may be used. In the case of low iron tempered glass, it may be desirable to manage the iron content to 200 ppm or less.

Glass is most widely used as the front member of the solar cell panel, but in the present invention, polycarbonate may be used as the first front member instead of glass. The polycarbonate is an engineering plastic having high transparency and has excellent impact resistance, heat resistance, compatibility with other resins, and the like.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) may be used as the second front member 300 . Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) is lightweight and has high light transmittance, and has excellent ultraviolet (UV) resistance, making it flexible and lightweight. Therefore, it is advantageous for designing a high-performance, lightweight solar panel.

The color film 200 is positioned in front of the second front member 300 .

The color film 200 selectively reflects only visible light in a specific wavelength band desired to be visually displayed and transmits light in the remaining wavelength band, thereby simultaneously satisfying high power generation efficiency and aesthetics.

The color film 200 includes a base film and a color coating layer.

The base film used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is conventionally used in the art for a colored film or an optical film, and polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride , may be made of polystyrene or polyamide. The thickness of the base film is not particularly limited, but has a significantly thinner thickness than that of the first front member 100 and the second front member 300 . Since the color film 200 is protected between the first front member 100 and the second front member 300, there is no need to worry about shape deformation or damage during the laminating process, and it may have a thin thickness. That is, a film having a thickness of 100 micrometers or less may be used.

The color coating layer may be formed using a dye or a pigment, or may be formed by sputtering.

For example, by depositing a target metal as a thin film on the surface of the polyester base layer through a sputtering method, it is possible to reflect a part of the sunlight of the coated metals. At this time, by depositing (sputtering) various metals on the base film, the area of the reflected sunlight spectrum can be adjusted.

Meanwhile, the color film may include an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer may be provided on only one side or on both surfaces.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the color film 200, and FIG. 2 is an encapsulant 600 is provided because an adhesive layer is not provided on both sides of the color film 200. It is a cross-sectional view showing the

When the color film 200 is provided with an adhesive layer and is adhered to at least one of the first front member 100 and the second front member 300 before the laminating process and/or the layup process, the color film ( An encapsulant 600 , which will be described later, may be omitted between the 200 ) and at least any one of the first front member 100 and the second front member 300 .

To explain this in more detail, when manufacturing a solar panel, the color film may be laminated while being attached to at least one of the first front member and the second front member as shown in FIG. 1 ( Both sides of the film are attached to both sides of the film), as shown in FIG. 2 , between the first front member 100 and the second front member 300 , with an encapsulant 600 interposed therebetween (lay-up) may be laminated.

The first front member 100 is provided in front of the color film 200 . When the front surface of the color film 200 has adhesive strength, the color film 100 may be directly attached to the rear surface of the first front member 100 . However, it may be positioned at the rear of the first front member 100 with the encapsulant 600 and the like interposed therebetween.

The first front member 100 should have a high transmittance of sunlight required for photovoltaic power generation, and have a thickness and strength that does not deform its shape during lamination. That is, if the thickness is too thin and the surface is wrinkled during lamination, it cannot be used as the first front member. Glass, polycarbonate, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) may be used as the first front member.

When glass is used as the first front member 100 , low iron tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, general plate glass, etc. may be used. In the case of low iron tempered glass, it is preferable to manage the iron content to 200 ppm or less. The glass may be manufactured by a float process, or may be manufactured by a roll-out process.

Glass is most widely used as the front member of the solar cell panel, but in the present invention, polycarbonate may be used as the first front member instead of glass. The polycarbonate is an engineering plastic having high transparency and has excellent impact resistance, heat resistance, compatibility with other resins, and the like.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) may be used as the first front member 100 . Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) is lightweight and has high light transmittance, and has excellent ultraviolet (UV) resistance, making it flexible and lightweight. Therefore, it is advantageous for designing a high-performance, lightweight solar panel.

Meanwhile, the first front member 100 may include an anti-reflection layer 110 (AR layer: anti-reflective layer) formed on the front surface.

The anti-reflection layer 110 may be made by coating a material having a lower refractive index than a base material on the surface of the anti-reflection coating, or by alternately laminating a low refractive material and a high refractive material. For example, when glass is used as the base material of the first front member 100, it may be made by coating a material having a lower refractive index than glass on the surface or by alternately laminating a low refractive material and a high refractive material. When the low-refractive material and the high-refractive material are alternately stacked, the reflectance may be reduced by using an optical interference phenomenon. On the other hand, it is possible to reduce the reflection from the glass surface by forming a coating film made of a porous silica material.

The anti-reflection layer 110 may have an effect of forming a nano-embossing structure on one surface of the first front member 100, and may increase the hiding property and power generation efficiency of the solar cell unit 300. there is. That is, the light reflected from the solar cell unit 300 passing through the first front member 100 is reflected back by the first front member 100 in the solar cell unit 300 direction, that is, in the direction of the rear substrate, thereby making visible light. It is possible to improve the hiding property of the color of the solar cell unit 300, and the re-reflected light is incident on the solar cell unit 300 again, so that the power generation efficiency for sunlight can be increased.

A method of forming the anti-reflection layer may use a conventional wet or dry etching method, for example, a silk screen method chemical etching (chemical etching), laser etching (laser etching), abrasive etching ( Polishing etching), sand blasting (sand blasting), etc. may be performed, but is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, any one of polycarbonate, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) using glass as one of the first front member 100 or the second front member 300 In the case of using the glass, it is possible to reduce the weight of the module while preventing the deformation of the module. That is, by laminating by placing a color film between glass and polycarbonate, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), any one of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), it is possible to prevent the color film from crying and impairing the aesthetics. .

The rear member 500 is a component that protects the solar cell from the rear of the solar cell, and the material and shape thereof are not particularly limited.

For example, as the rear member 500 , a back sheet made of a composite film of a fluorine film and a PET film may be used. In addition, a metal substrate including glass, ceramic, stainless steel, a polymer substrate, or the like may be used. Also, polycarbonate, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) may be used.

Meanwhile, the rear member may include an anti-reflection layer 510 as shown in FIG. 2 . The antireflection layer, the antireflection layer 510 not only absorbs incident sunlight, but also prevents diffuse reflection to make the color of the solar cell panel for construction according to the embodiment of the present invention clearer, so that it can further improve aesthetics, It is possible to further increase the power generation conversion efficiency of the solar cell unit 400 .

The anti-reflection layer 510 may be formed of inorganic particles, organic particles, and/or organic-inorganic hybrid particles. For example, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, vine black, lamp black, ivory black, titanium black ( titanium black) may be used, but is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, such an anti-reflection layer may be provided on the front surface of the first front member 100 described above.

The encapsulant 600 is positioned between the front protection units 100 , 200 , and 300 and the solar cell unit 400 , and between the solar cell unit 400 and the rear member 500 . In addition, it may be provided between the first front member 100 and the color film 200 , and between the color film 300 and the second front member 300 in the front protection parts 100 , 200 , and 300 . The encapsulant 600 serves to adhere and/or seal the members on both sides thereof. The encapsulant is positioned to block external moisture or oxygen, which can reduce the lifespan of the solar cell unit 300, and to protect it from external impact, and is excellent in preventing degradation by hydrolysis or infrared rays, and transmittance to sunlight It is preferable that it is this high material. The encapsulant 600 may be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). In addition, PVB or EVA may include at least one polymer selected from ethylene vinyl acetate partial oxide, silicon resin, ester-based resin, and olefin-based resin, but is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, when one side of the color film 200 has adhesive force and is attached to the first front member 100 , the encapsulant 600 is disposed between the color film 200 and the first front member 100 . may not be available.

In addition, when one side of the color film 200 has adhesive force and is attached to the second front member 300 , the encapsulant 600 is disposed between the color film 200 and the second front member 300 . may not be available.

Hereinafter, the frame 20 will be described.

The frame includes a front cover part 21, a side cover part 22 extending rearwardly from the front cover part 21, and a side cover part 22 extending inwardly from the side cover part 22 and extending toward the front cover part ( 21 ) and a rear cover portion 23 positioned at the rear of the front cover portion 21 .

Accordingly, the front cover part 21 , the side cover part 22 , and the rear cover part 23 make a substantially "C"-shaped groove, and the solar cell panel 10 and 10' are inserted into this groove. It becomes the panel accommodating part 24 used.

When the solar cell panel 10 is inserted into the panel accommodating part 24, the front cover part 21 covers the front edge of the first front member 100, and the side cover part 22 is the second The side surfaces of the first front member 100 , the color film 200 , the second front member 300 , the solar cell unit 400 , and the rear member 500 are covered. In addition, the rear cover part 23 covers the rear edge of the rear member.

The first front member 100 , the color film 200 , the second front member 300 , the solar cell unit 400 , and the rear member 500 are inserted into the panel receiving part 24 .

The side sealing part 30 may include a common sealing material used to seal the edge of the solar cell panel in the art, such as silicone or double-sided tape.

Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the solar cell module as described above will be described.

First, a manufacturing method according to the first embodiment will be described.

The manufacturing method according to the present embodiment includes a tabbing-stringing process, a lay-up process, and a laminating process in order.

First, a plurality of solar cells are electrically connected through a tabbing process. For the tabbing process, any one of known methods generally used in the manufacturing process of a solar cell module is used.

And, through the layup process, the first front member 100, the encapsulant 600, the color film 200, the encapsulant 600, the second front member 300, the encapsulant 600, the solar cell The branch 400 , the encapsulant 600 , and the rear member 500 are sequentially stacked. That is, the first front member 100 is disposed, the encapsulant 600 is positioned on the upper portion of the first front member 100 , and the color film 200 is positioned on the encapsulant 600 , and , The encapsulant 600 is positioned on the upper portion of the color film 200 , the second front member 200 is positioned on the upper portion of the encapsulant 600 , and the second front member 200 is positioned on the upper portion of the second front member 200 . Positioning the encapsulant 600 , placing the solar cell unit 400 on the upper portion of the encapsulant 600 , placing the encapsulant 600 on the upper portion of the solar cell unit 400 , and the encapsulant The rear member 500 is sequentially positioned on the upper portion of the 600 . In the layup process and the laminating process, since each component is laid down, the upper part or upper part in describing the process becomes the rear part or the rear part in explaining the structure of the solar cell module, and in explaining the process The lower part or the lower part becomes a front part or front in demonstrating the structure of a solar cell module.

And, the first front member 100, the encapsulant 600, the color film 200, the encapsulant 600, the second front member 300, the encapsulant 600, By laminating the solar cell unit 400 , the encapsulant 600 , and the rear member 500 at the same time, the solar cell panels 10 and 10 ′ are formed.

After the laminating process, if necessary, a process of inserting the frame 20 or attaching a junction box (not shown) may be performed.

When the solar cell panel 10 is inserted into the frame 20 , the solar cell panel 10 can be inserted after applying a side sealing portion 30 such as silicon to the panel insertion portion 24 of the frame 20 . there is.

Next, a manufacturing method according to the second embodiment will be described.

In the manufacturing method according to the second embodiment, as compared with the first embodiment, a color film 300 attaching process is further added prior to the layup process.

The Kali film attachment process may be performed prior to the tabbing stringing process or may be performed after the tabbing stringing process.

Accordingly, this process for the tabbing string, the color film attaching process, the layup process, and the laminating process may be performed in this order, and the color film attaching process, the tabbing stringing process, the layup process, and the laminating process may be performed in this order.

When the color film 200 is attached to the first front member 100 in the color film attachment process, the encapsulant is not positioned between the first front member 100 and the color film 200 in the layup process and may be omitted. there is.

When the color film 200 is attached to the second front member 300 in the color film attaching process, the encapsulant is not positioned between the second front member 300 and the color film 200 in the layup process and may be omitted. there is.

On the other hand, when the color film 200 is attached to both the first front member 100 and the second front member 300 in the color film attaching process, between the first front member 100 and the color film 200, and The encapsulant 600 is not positioned between the second front member 200 and the color film 300 and may be omitted.

10, 10': solar panel 20: frame
21: front cover part 22: side cover part
23: rear cover portion 24: panel insertion portion
30: side sealing part 100: first front member
110: anti-reflection layer 200: color film
300: second front member 400: solar cell unit
410: solar cell 500: rear member
510: anti-reflection layer 600: encapsulant

Claims (8)

a solar cell unit that converts solar energy into electrical energy;
a front protection unit for selectively passing and reflecting light while protecting the solar cell unit from the front of the solar cell unit;
It includes a rear member located at the rear of the solar cell unit,
The front protection part,
a first front member;
a color film positioned at the rear of the first front member;
A solar cell module including a second front member positioned at the rear of the color film. According to claim 1,
The first front member and the second front member are a solar cell module comprising at least one of glass, polycarbonate, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE). 3. The method of claim 2,
The color film includes a base film and a color coating layer,
The base film is a solar cell module comprising any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, or polyamide. According to claim 1,
a front cover part covering the front edge of the front protection part;
a rear cover portion covering the rear edge of the rear member;
The solar cell module further comprising a frame including a side cover portion for side surfaces of the front protection unit, the solar cell unit, and the rear member. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A solar cell module in which the front protection unit, the solar cell unit, and the rear member are laminated together. A solar cell unit including a first front member, a color film disposed on the first front member, a second front member on the color film, and a solar cell on the second front member And, a layup process of sequentially arranging the rear member positioned on the upper portion of the solar cell unit;
A method of manufacturing a solar cell module including a laminating process of laminating the first front member, the color film, the second front member, the solar cell unit, and the rear member disposed in the layup process . 7. The method of claim 6,
In the layup process,
A method of manufacturing a solar cell module in which an encapsulant is disposed between the first front member and the color film and between the color film and the second front member. 7. The method of claim 6,
The method of manufacturing a solar cell module further comprising a color film attaching process of attaching the color film to at least one of the first front member and the second front member before the layup process.

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