KR20210156107A - 차량용 배터리 충전 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
차량용 배터리 충전 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20210156107A KR20210156107A KR1020200073830A KR20200073830A KR20210156107A KR 20210156107 A KR20210156107 A KR 20210156107A KR 1020200073830 A KR1020200073830 A KR 1020200073830A KR 20200073830 A KR20200073830 A KR 20200073830A KR 20210156107 A KR20210156107 A KR 20210156107A
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- mosfet
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- vehicle battery
- link capacitor
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
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- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
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- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
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- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/20—Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
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- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 도 1의 차량용 배터리 충전 장치의 회로도이다.
도 3은 일 실시예에 따른 차량용 배터리 충전 방법을 설명하는 흐름도이다.
도 4 내지 도 7은 도 2의 제2 스위칭부에 인가되는 제1 내지 제4 PWM 신호 및 그에 따른 변압기 전압을 설명하는 도면이다.
도 8은 일 실시예에 따라 차량용 배터리의 방전 전력으로 초기 충전된 링크 커패시터의 전압 변화를 종래와 비교하여 설명하는 도면이다.
도 9는 일 실시예에 따라 링크 커패시터의 초기 충전이 있는 경우와 없는 경우의 링크 커패시터의 전압 및 전류 변화를 보여주는 예시도이다.
Claims (10)
- 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 배터리 충전모드에서 상용 교류 전원으로부터 인가되는 교류전력을 직류전력으로 정류하는 정류부와, 상기 정류부와 병렬 연결되어 상기 정류된 직류전력을 평활화하는 링크 커패시터를 포함하는 PFC 회로부,
상기 PFC 회로부로부터 인가된 직류전력을 교류전력으로 변환하는 제1 스위칭부와, 상기 제1 스위칭부에서 변환된 교류 전력의 전압을 승압 또는 감압하는 변압기와, 상기 변압기로부터 인가된 교류전력을 직류전력으로 정류하여 상기 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 제2 스위칭부를 포함하는 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터, 그리고
상기 배터리 충전모드의 진입 전 상기 링크 커패시터의 전압이 소정의 기준전압 미만이면 상기 차량용 배터리에서 방전된 전력으로 상기 링크 커패시터가 충전되도록 상기 제2 스위칭부에 인가되는 PWM 신호의 위상을 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는, 차량용 배터리 충전 장치. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2 스위칭부는,
상기 차량용 배터리의 일 전극과 타 전극 사이에 직렬 연결된 제1 MOSFET 및 제2 MOSFET, 상기 제1 MOSFET의 일단과 상기 제2 MOSFET의 타단 사이에 직렬 연결된 제3 MOSFET 및 제4 MOSFET를 포함하고,
상기 제1 MOSFET과 상기 제2 MOSFET 사이의 제1 접점에 상기 변압기의 1차코일의 일단이 연결되고 제3 MOSFET과 상기 제4 MOSFET 사이의 제2 접점에 상기 1차코일의 타단이 연결되는, 차량용 배터리 충전 장치. - 제2항에 있어서,
상기 제어부는,
상기 링크 커패시터가 상기 기준전압 이상으로 충전되기 위해 상기 링크 커패시터에 인가되어야 하는 충전전류의 크기를 계산하고,
상기 변압기에 상기 계산된 충전전류에 대응되는 전압이 인가되도록 상기 제3 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET 각각의 스위칭을 제어하는 제3 PWM 신호 및 제4 PWM 신호의 위상을 천이시키는, 차량용 배터리 충전 장치. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 제어부는,
단위 시간당 상기 충전전류의 증가량을 계산하고,
상기 변압기에 상기 계산된 충전전류의 증가량에 대응되는 전압이 인가되도록 상기 제3 PWM 신호 및 상기 제4 PWM 신호의 위상을 천이시키는, 차량용 배터리 충전 장치. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 제어부는,
상기 링크 커패시터의 전압이 상기 기준전압 이상으로 충전되면,
상기 제1 MOSFET 및 상기 제3 MOSFET이 턴 온 될 때 상기 제2 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET가 턴 오프 되고, 상기 제1 MOSFET 및 상기 제3 MOSFET이 턴 오프 될 때 상기 제2 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET가 턴 온 되도록 상기 제1 내지 제4 PWM 신호를 제어하고,
상용 교류 전원에서 인가되는 전력은,
상기 PFC 회로부, 상기 제1 스위칭부, 상기 변압기 및 상기 제1 내지 제4 MOSFET의 바디 다이오드를 포함하는 충전경로를 통해 상기 차량용 배터리에 인가되는, 차량용 배터리 충전 장치. - 상용 교류 전원의 교류전력을 직류전력으로 정류하는 PFC 회로부의 출력단에 연결되어 상기 직류전력을 교류전력으로 변환하는 제1 스위칭부와, 상기 제1 스위칭부에서 변환된 교류 전력의 전압을 승압 또는 감압하는 변압기와, 상기 변압기로부터 인가된 교류전력을 직류전력으로 정류하여 상기 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 제2 스위칭부를 포함하는 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터를 포함하여 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 방법으로서,
상기 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 충전모드 진입 시점에 동기되어 상기 PFC 회로부의 출력단에 병렬 연결된 링크 커패시터의 전압을 센싱하는 단계,
상기 센싱된 링크 커패시터의 전압이 소정의 기준전압 미만인지 판단하는 단계,
상기 판단결과 기준전압 미만이면, 상기 제2 스위칭부에 인가되는 PWM 신호의 위상을 제어하여 상기 차량용 배터리에서 방전된 전력으로 상기 링크 커패시터를 충전하는 단계, 그리고
상기 링크 커패시터의 전압이 상기 기준전압 이상으로 충전되면, 상용 교류 전원에서 인가되는 전력으로 상기 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 단계를 포함하는, 차량용 배터리 충전 방법. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 제2 스위칭부는,
상기 차량용 배터리의 일 전극과 타 전극 사이에 직렬 연결된 제1 MOSFET 및 제2 MOSFET, 상기 제1 MOSFET의 일단과 상기 제2 MOSFET의 타단 사이에 직렬 연결된 제3 MOSFET 및 제4 MOSFET를 포함하고,
상기 제1 MOSFET과 상기 제2 MOSFET 사이의 제1 접점에 상기 변압기의 1차코일의 일단이 연결되고 제3 MOSFET과 상기 제4 MOSFET 사이의 제2 접점에 상기 1차코일의 타단이 연결되는, 차량용 배터리 충전 방법. - 제7항에 있어서,
상기 링크 커패시터를 충전하는 단계는,
상기 링크 커패시터가 상기 기준전압 이상으로 충전되기 위해 상기 링크 커패시터에 인가되어야 하는 충전전류의 크기를 계산하는 단계, 그리고
상기 변압기에 상기 계산된 충전전류에 대응되는 전압이 인가되도록 상기 제3 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET 각각의 스위칭을 제어하는 제3 PWM 신호 및 제4 PWM 신호의 위상을 천이시켜 상기 링크 커패시터를 충전하는 단계를 포함하는, 차량용 배터리 충전 방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 충전전류의 크기를 계산하는 단계는,
단위 시간당 상기 충전전류의 증가량을 계산하고,
상기 링크 커패시터를 충전하는 단계는,
상기 변압기에 상기 계산된 충전전류의 증가량에 대응되는 전압이 인가되도록 상기 제3 PWM 신호 및 상기 제4 PWM 신호의 위상을 천이시켜 상기 링크 커패시터를 충전하는, 차량용 배터리 충전 방법. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 차량용 배터리를 충전하는 단계는,
상기 링크 커패시터의 전압이 상기 기준전압 이상으로 충전되면,
상기 제1 MOSFET 및 상기 제3 MOSFET이 턴 온 될 때 상기 제2 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET가 턴 오프 되고, 상기 제1 MOSFET 및 상기 제3 MOSFET이 턴 오프 될 때 상기 제2 MOSFET 및 상기 제4 MOSFET가 턴 온 되도록 상기 제1 내지 제4 PWM 신호를 제어하고,
상용 교류 전원에서 인가되는 전력은,
상기 PFC 회로부, 상기 제1 스위칭부, 상기 변압기 및 상기 제1 내지 제4 MOSFET의 바디 다이오드를 포함하는 충전경로를 통해 상기 차량용 배터리에 인가되는, 차량용 배터리 충전 방법.
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CN202011362181.4A CN113799629A (zh) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-11-27 | 用于对车辆的电池充电的装置及方法 |
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WO2024117325A1 (ko) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-06-06 | 엘지마그나 이파워트레인 주식회사 | 릴레이 장치, 및 이를 구비하는 배터리 충전 장치 |
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